CN108592084A - A kind of main combustion stage matches the low emission combustor head of blade injection structure using the pre- diaphragm plate of axial rotational flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of main combustion stages using the low emission combustor head of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow.The head uses center grading design, is made of main combustion stage and pre-combustion grade two parts.Main combustion stage has the pre- membrane structure of axial rotational flow, and wherein main combustion stage cyclone main function is：So that air is generated eddy flow, and fuel oil is sprayed into air by the aperture in blade, fuel oil is atomized and blends in rotational flow air；The pre- film blade of axial rotational flow and the fuel injection hole face in swirler blades improve the atomizing effect of main combustion stage fuel oil, to reach higher low emission performance for carrying out pre- film atomization to fuel oil.Pre-combustion grade carries out stablizing flame using diffusion flame, and main combustion stage carries out fuel-oil atmozation premixed combustion using the structure in the present invention, and then improves the low emission performance of combustion chamber.

Description

A main combustion stage adopts axial swirl pre-membrane plate matching vane injection structure with low emission combustion chamber head

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of a swirl burner, in particular to a low-emission combustion chamber head whose main combustion stage adopts an axial swirl pre-diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure.

Background technique

Aeroengines are known as the bright pearl of the crown of modern industry. Its design and manufacturing level can best represent the overall industrial level of a country. Aeroengines are divided into military and civilian use according to their uses. Military aero engines use high-temperature-rising combustors for thrust-to-weight ratios, while civil engines use low-emission combustors for efficiency and environmental protection. With the development of the civil aviation industry and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, more stringent requirements will be placed on the pollution emissions of advanced gas turbine combustors in the future.

The center-staged combustion chamber is one of the main development directions of low-emission combustion chambers today. The combustion chamber adopts the centrally-staged combustion organization mode, and the pre-combustion stage adopts diffusion combustion, which has good ignition and extinguishment performance; the main combustion stage is pre-mixed combustion , use the swirler to strengthen the mixing of fuel and air, which can reduce the pollution emission of the combustion chamber under large working conditions.

The oil flow in the main combustion stage in the combustion chamber is mainly injected from the main combustion stage, and the main combustion stage is premixed combustion, so the atomization of fuel in the main combustion stage and the mixing with air affect the combustion performance and further Affects the quality of emission performance. Therefore, the emission of the main combustion stage determines the emission performance of the entire combustion chamber.

To sum up, based on the practical application of engineering, the present invention designs a low-emission combustor head in which the main combustion stage adopts the axial swirl pre-membrane plate to match the blade injection structure. The pre-membrane plate of the blade can make fuel injection to the pre-membrane plate for initial film formation, which can better atomize and blend, and further reduce the emission of pollutants.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: Aiming at the problems of fuel atomization and pollution emission in the main combustion stage of the central staged combustion chamber, a low-emission combustion chamber in which the main combustion stage adopts an axial swirl pre-membrane plate to match the blade injection structure is proposed head. The head is equipped with axial swirling pre-film blades at the blades of the main combustion stage swirler, so that the fuel sprayed from the fuel injection holes on the blades hits the pre-film blades to form an oil film. After the oil film leaves the blades Carry out broken atomization. Axial swirling pre-diaphragm vanes improve atomization and mixing compared to heads without pre-diaphragm vanes. By improving the efficiency of atomization and blending to achieve higher premixing effect, and then achieve lower emission effect.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a low-emission combustor head whose main combustion stage adopts an axial swirl pre-membrane plate to match the blade injection structure, and the main combustion stage adopts an axial swirl pre-membrane plate to match the blade injection structure; The center adopts the structure of the central classification, which is composed of the main combustion stage and the pre-combustion stage. Welding forms the entire main combustion stage, in which the main combustion stage swirl vanes and the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blades are connected by welding and then set on the main combustion stage inner ring and welded together, and then the main combustion stage sleeve Welded with the top of the main combustion stage swirl vane; the pre-combustion stage includes the pre-combustion stage swirler blade, the pre-combustion stage nozzle outer ring, and the pre-combustion stage nozzle, wherein the pre-combustion stage nozzle outer ring is connected to the pre-combustion stage nozzle by threads , and then the pre-combustion stage swirler blades are set on the outer ring of the pre-combustion stage nozzle, the interstage section and the pre-combustion stage swirler blades are connected by welding, and then connected with the main combustion stage inner ring by threads to form the main combustion stage Low-emission combustor head with axial swirl pre-diaphragm matching blade injection structure.

Among them, the included angle between the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade and the main combustion stage swirl blade axis is -30°～60°, and the fuel is sprayed through the blade injection hole and hits the pre-membrane blade at a certain angle Form an oil film for atomization to improve atomization efficiency.

Among them, the radial angle between the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade and the main combustion stage swirl blade is 20% to 80% of the radial angle of the swirler blade, and the distance between the pre-film blade and the fuel injection can be changed. The straight-line distance of the hole can change the shape of the oil film on the blade to optimize the atomization.

Among them, the ratio of the thickness of the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-film plate blades to the thickness of the main combustion stage swirl blades is 20% to 60%. Changing the thickness of the pre-film blades can change the rigidity of the pre-film blades. The blade can accelerate the breakage of the oil film through vibration, thereby promoting atomization.

Wherein, the axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade of the main combustion stage can be adjusted to 10% to 80% by adjusting the ratio of the length of the axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade of the main combustion stage to the length of the main combustion stage swirl blade, and the fuel oil can be changed at The residence time on the axial swirl pre-membrane vane changes the atomization effect.

Among them, the number of blades of the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-film plate is consistent with the number of fuel injection holes on the main combustion stage swirl blades, or arranged at intervals by placing an axial swirl pre-film blade every other channel.

Among them, the shape of the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade can be the same as that of the main combustion stage swirl blade or can be streamlined, and the thickest part is 20% to 60% of the thickness of the main combustion stage swirl blade.

Wherein, the pre-diaphragm blade used in the axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade of the main combustion stage can be rotated by changing the radial angle between the axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade of the main combustion stage and the swirl blade of the main combustion stage. 20% to 80% of the radial angle of the flow device blades.

Wherein, the axial swirl pre-membrane blade of the main combustion stage can cooperate with the injection hole by changing the height position of the blade and the relative height of the blade according to the position of the jet hole, so as to achieve a better effect of film formation and atomization. The relative height is centered on the hole, and the relative height of the blades is 20% to 80% of the height of the swirl blades.

Working principle of the present invention: the head of the low-emission combustion chamber adopts a central hierarchical structure to design the main and pre-combustion stages, which can effectively reduce the pollution emission of the combustion chamber. The main combustion stage of the head is equipped with pre-diaphragm blades on the main pre-combustion stage swirler, and pre-films the oil column sprayed by the main combustion stage swirl blades to make it easy to break and atomize, and then in a limited A higher premixing effect can be achieved within a distance, and the combustion efficiency of the main combustion stage can be improved, thereby reducing the pollutant emission of the combustion chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The swirler structure with the swirler matching the film-forming blades is adopted, so that the fuel sprayed by the swirler blades can hit the film-forming blades to form an oil film, and after the oil film flows out of the pre-filming blades, the swirl air will Under the action of cutting, it is crushed and atomized, and mixed with air at the same time to achieve a better premixing effect.

(2) The head adopts the central classification method to organize combustion. The main combustion stage is premixed combustion, and the premixing effect is better under the action of film-forming blades, and the combustion is more complete, which can effectively reduce pollutant emissions; the precombustion stage is diffusion Combustion, and can ensure the performance of head ignition.

(3) The present invention has simple structure, convenient processing and assembly, and the main and pre-combustion stages can be combined according to different swirl numbers. The flow field and flame structure can be adjusted by changing the swirl number of the main pre-combustion stage, which is suitable for different combustion equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of main combustion stage of the present invention adopts the low-emission combustor head structure diagram of axial swirl pre-membrane plate matching vane injection structure;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage and the interstage section of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the main combustion stage swirler of the present invention and the axial swirl pre-membrane blade (plan one) assembled on the interstage section;

Fig. 4 is the isometric side schematic diagram on the left side of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage swirler of the present invention and the axial swirl pre-diaphragm vane (plan one);

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the fuel channel and the fuel injection hole of the main combustion stage swirler of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the main combustion stage structure schematic diagram of the main combustion stage swirler of the present invention and the axial swirl pre-diaphragm vane (scheme two);

Fig. 7 is the isometric side schematic diagram on the left side of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage cyclone and the axial swirl pre-diaphragm vane (plan two) of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the right isometric side of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage cyclone and the axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade (plan two) of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the included angle between the main combustion stage swirler blade and the axial swirl pre-membrane blade of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the streamlined shape of the axial swirl pre-filmed blade of the present invention.

In the figure: 01 is the main combustion level swirl blade, 02 is the main combustion level axial swirl pre-membrane blade, 03 is the main combustion level sleeve, 04 is the main combustion level channel, 05 is the main combustion level inner ring, 06 07 is the swirler vane of the pre-combustion stage, 08 is the outer ring of the pre-combustion nozzle, 09 is the pre-combustion nozzle, 10 is the pipe of the main combustion stage, 11 is the ring cavity of the main combustion stage, 12 is the height of the pre-diaphragm blade, 13 is the radial angle, 14 is the blade angle, 15 is the thickness of the pre-diaphragm blade, 16 is the fuel passage, and 17 is the fuel injection hole.

Detailed ways

Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, a main combustion stage described in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the low-emission combustion chamber head of the axial swirl pre-membrane plate to match the vane injection structure, and adopts the organization combustion of the central staging method, mainly The main combustion stage swirl blade 01, the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02, the main combustion stage sleeve 03, the main combustion stage channel 04, the main combustion stage inner ring 05, and the interstage with venturi tube Segment 06, pre-combustion stage swirler vane 07, pre-combustion stage nozzle outer ring 08, pre-combustion stage nozzle 09, main combustion stage oil pipe pipe 10, main combustion stage oil circuit ring cavity 11. Interstage section 06 has a venturi tube. Among them, the main combustion stage swirl blade 01, the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02, the main combustion stage sleeve 03, the main combustion stage channel 04, and the main combustion stage inner ring 05 are connected by welding to form the main combustion stage. stage; the main combustion grade fuel oil enters from the main combustion grade oil pipe 10, sprays out from the main combustion stage swirler vane, and the fuel hits the pre-diaphragm blade to form an oil film, and then mixes with the main combustion grade air to form Uniform oil-gas mixture; pre-combustion stage swirler blade 07 and inter-stage section 06 are connected by welding; main combustion stage, pre-combustion stage and inter-stage section are threaded to form an axial swirl flow with main combustion stage The pre-membrane plate matches the center-staged low-emission combustor head of the vane injection structure, in which the pre-combustion stage is a diffusion flame, and the main combustion stage is a premixed flame.

As shown in Figure 2, the entire main combustion stage consists of the main combustion stage swirl blade 01, the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02, the main combustion stage sleeve 03, the main combustion stage channel 04, the main combustion stage inner ring 05 and interstage section 06. By adjusting the height, length, thickness of the pre-film blades and the angle between the swirler blades, the film-forming effect of the fuel on the pre-film blades can be changed, and then the mixing effect with the main combustion air can be changed to realize the separation of oil and gas. Blended completely.

As shown in Figure 3, the main combustion stage swirl vane 01 and the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02 are installed on the interstage section 06 to form a main combustion stage fuel film-forming blending structure, as can be seen from Figure 3 The fuel is sprayed from the fuel hole to the vane of the pre-diaphragm plate to form an oil film. Wherein the position of the pre-membrane vane changes relative to the swirl vane, and the shape (length, height, thickness) of the pre-membrane vane changes.

As shown in Figure 4, the left isometric view of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage swirl blade 01 and the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02 structure 1 shows the main combustion stage swirler and the pre-diaphragm The relative position and connection mode between the blades.

As shown in Figure 5, the partial enlarged structure diagram of the fuel passage 16 and the fuel injection hole 17 on the blade of the main combustion stage swirl vane 01, the fuel flows out from the fuel passage 16 on the main combustion stage swirl blade 01 and then passes through the fuel injection hole 17 The spray hits the axial swirl pre-membrane vane 02 of the main combustion stage to form an oil film, and then forms a high atomization effect to form a high-quality oil-gas mixture.

As shown in Figure 6, the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02 structure 2, as shown in the figure, is extended from the top downwards, and each pre-diaphragm blade is integrated with the annular connector. The structure of the pre-film plate is fixed by slotting in the direction; this structure reduces the influence on the swirling flow field as much as possible while pre-filming the fuel, without changing the original flow field structure.

As shown in Figure 7, the schematic diagram of the assembly and connection of the main combustion stage swirl blade 01 and the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-membrane blade 02 can be changed by changing the position of the pre-membrane blade relative to the swirl blade. The shape of the plate blade changes (length, height, streamline shape, etc.) to change the film forming effect, thereby improving the atomization of fuel and the mixing effect with air.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the right isometric side view of the assembly structure of the main combustion stage swirl vane 01 and the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-diaphragm blade 02 structure two. The structure and installation position of the pre-membrane blades are shown, and the height 12 of the pre-membrane blades and the thickness 15 of the pre-membrane blades are all adjustable.

As shown in Figure 9, the radial angle 13 between the main combustion stage axial swirl pre-membrane blade 02 and the main combustion stage swirl blade 01, and the relative size relationship between the swirler blade angle 14 can be changed by changing the diameter The size of the included angle 13 is used to adjust the fuel pre-film effect.

As shown in Figure 10, the shape of the axial swirl pre-membrane blade 02 of the main combustion stage is streamlined, and the thickest part is 20% to 60% of the thickness of the swirler blade.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of main combustion stage is existed using the low emission combustor head of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow, feature In：Main combustion stage matches blade injection structure using the pre- diaphragm plate of axial rotational flow；Head use center classification structure, by main combustion stage, Pre-combustion grade is constituted, wherein the pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of main combustion stage swirl vane (01), main combustion stage axial rotational flow, main combustion stage sleeve (03), main combustion stage inner ring (05) passes sequentially through welding and forms entire main combustion stage, wherein main combustion stage swirl vane (01) and main combustion stage Then the pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of axial rotational flow will by being sleeved in main combustion stage inner ring (05) and welding together after being welded to connect Main combustion stage sleeve (03) is welded with main combustion stage swirl vane (01) top；Pre-combustion grade includes pre-combustion grade swirler blades (07), pre-combustion grade nozzle outer shroud (08), pre-combustion grade nozzle (09), wherein pre-combustion grade nozzle outer shroud (08) pass through screw thread and pre-combustion grade Nozzle (09) connects, and then pre-combustion grade swirler blades (07) are sleeved on pre-combustion grade nozzle outer shroud (08), interstage section (06) with it is pre- Grade swirler blades (07) are fired by being welded to connect, and are then threadedly connect with main combustion stage inner ring (05), are formed main combustion Grade matches the low emission combustor head of blade injection structure using the pre- diaphragm plate of axial rotational flow.

2. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of main combustion stage axial rotational flow and main combustion stage swirl vane (01) axis At -30 °~60 °, fuel oil impinges upon after being sprayed by blade spray-hole and forms oil film on pre- film blade angle at an angle It is atomized, improves nebulization efficiency.

3. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The radial direction of main combustion stage axial rotational flow pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) and main combustion stage swirl vane (01) Angle is the 20%~80% of swirler blades radial direction angle, then can be changed straight line of the pre- film blade apart from fuel injection hole away from From, and then change the oil film shape on blade, and then optimize atomization.

4. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：Pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) thickness of main combustion stage axial rotational flow is thick with main combustion stage swirl vane (01) The ratio between degree is 20%~60%, and the rigidity of pre- film blade can be changed in the thickness for changing pre- film blade, impacts pre- film blade in fuel oil When can accelerate the broken of oil film by vibration, and then promote atomization.

5. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of main combustion stage axial rotational flow can axially revolve by adjusting main combustion stage It is 10%~80% to flow pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) length with main combustion stage swirl vane (01) length ratio, changes fuel oil in axial rotation It flows the residence time on pre- diaphragm plate blade and then changes atomizing effect.

6. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The pre- diaphragm plate number of blade of main combustion stage axial rotational flow and the fuel oil spray orifice on main combustion stage swirl vane It keeps quantity consistent, or arranges at interval according to the pre- film blade of an axial rotational flow is placed at interval of a channel.

7. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axis eddy flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The shape of the pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of main combustion stage axial rotational flow can be with main combustion stage swirl vane (01) shape is identical or streamlined, and wherein thickness is the 20%~60% of main combustion stage swirl vane (01) thickness.

8. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The pre- diaphragm plate blade used in the pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of main combustion stage axial rotational flow can lead to It is swirler blades to cross the pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of change main combustion stage axial rotational flow and the radial angle of main combustion stage swirl vane (01) The 20%~80% of radial angle.

9. a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 is using the low emission of the pre- diaphragm plate matching blade injection structure of axial rotational flow Head of combustion chamber, it is characterised in that：The pre- diaphragm plate blade (02) of the main combustion stage axial rotational flow can be logical according to the position of jet hole The relative altitude for crossing change blade height position and blade is coordinated with spray-hole, and then realizes the effect of preferable film forming atomization Fruit, the relative altitude are centered on hole, and blade length ratio is the 20%~80% of swirl vane height.