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CN108535652A - Method based on charging response measurement rechargeable battery remaining capacity - Google Patents

Method based on charging response measurement rechargeable battery remaining capacity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108535652A
CN108535652A CN201810120353.3A CN201810120353A CN108535652A CN 108535652 A CN108535652 A CN 108535652A CN 201810120353 A CN201810120353 A CN 201810120353A CN 108535652 A CN108535652 A CN 108535652A
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rechargeable battery
charging
tested
output voltage
battery
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CN201810120353.3A
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CN108535652B (en
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汪顺长
薛飞
张潇圣
罗彬�
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LISHUI BOYUAN TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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LISHUI BOYUAN TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method based on charging response measurement rechargeable battery remaining capacity.Implementation step is:(1) it charges to reference charge battery;(2) the charging response of each reference charge battery is calculated;(3) reference charge battery charging response table is made;(4) it charges to rechargeable battery to be measured;(5) rechargeable battery more to be measured and reference charge battery charging response output voltage;(6) rechargeable battery remaining capacity to be measured is determined.The present invention has different chargings to respond using the rechargeable battery of different remaining capacities, pass through discrete time Fourier transform and inverse transformation, rechargeable battery more to be measured and reference charge battery charging response output voltage, measure rechargeable battery remaining capacity with minimum mean square error criterion.

Description

Method for measuring residual capacity of rechargeable battery based on charging response
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronics, and further relates to a method for measuring the residual electric quantity of a rechargeable battery based on charging response in the technical field of electronic measurement. The invention can measure the residual capacity of all rechargeable batteries.
Background
The rechargeable battery has the excellent characteristics of stable performance, zero emission and the like, is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, communication, IT, railways, ports, aviation, military and the like, and has wide requirements and huge consumption. The accidental exhaustion of the electric quantity in the use process of the rechargeable battery can cause serious influence on the daily life and work of people. And the overcharge and the overdischarge of the rechargeable battery can cause the rechargeable battery to fail and be scrapped prematurely. It is necessary to measure the remaining capacity of the rechargeable battery. But the measurement of the remaining capacity is currently very complex to implement. How to realize more accurate residual quantity measurement becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
The zhengzhou yunhai information technology limited company disclosed a battery capacity detection method in "a system and method for detecting battery capacity" of a patent application No. 201710073849.5, publication No. CN106842055A filed by it. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) calculating the time from the end of the last measurement, if the time exceeds an expected value, turning to the step (2), otherwise, turning to the step (1); (2) switching on a rechargeable battery circuit to discharge the rechargeable battery, and recording discharge current, discharge voltage and discharge time; (3) observing the voltage information of the discharged rechargeable battery, and stopping discharging the rechargeable battery to be tested until the voltage value is not greater than the voltage value of 50% of the electric quantity of the new-specification battery; (4) calculating the total discharge capacity of the rechargeable battery to be detected in the discharge process according to the discharge current and the discharge time of the rechargeable battery to be detected in real time; (5) the total charge of the rechargeable battery is twice the total discharge in step (4). The method has the following defects: the voltage value of the rechargeable battery is lower in a virtual manner under the continuous working state, so that larger deviation is caused.
One method for detecting the amount of battery charge is disclosed in the patent document "method for detecting the amount of battery charge" (patent application No. 201710570867.4, publication No. CN107353880A) filed by singer incorporated by reference. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) acquiring voltage information and current information of a rechargeable battery in a charging process under a bare cell state; (2) drawing a charging curve of the rechargeable battery according to the voltage information and the current information; (3) charging a rechargeable battery assembled in a product, and sampling in real time through an ADC to obtain the current voltage value of the rechargeable battery; (4) determining the current charging current value according to the charging curve in the step (2); (5) acquiring the current total electric quantity of the rechargeable battery according to the current charging current value and the current charging voltage value; (6) the current total charge is divided by the total charge from zero charge to full charge of the rechargeable battery, i.e. the current remaining charge of the rechargeable battery. The method has the following defects: the method has accumulated errors, and the errors are gradually increased along with the time and are difficult to eliminate.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for measuring the remaining capacity of a rechargeable battery based on a charging response, which overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. The invention calculates the charging response of the rechargeable battery based on discrete time Fourier transform, the rechargeable battery based on different residual electric quantities has different charging responses to the same charging current, and the rechargeable battery with the same residual electric quantity has different output responses under different charging excitation actions, thereby realizing the measurement of the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery.
The basic idea for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: firstly, charging by referring to a rechargeable battery to obtain a charging response of the rechargeable battery; secondly, making a reference charging battery charging response table; then, comparing the charged battery to be tested with the charging response output voltage of the reference rechargeable battery; and finally, determining the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be tested.
The invention specifically realizes the following steps:
(1) charging a reference rechargeable battery:
(1a) taking M reference rechargeable batteries of the same type as the rechargeable battery to be tested and the reference rechargeable batteries with known residual capacity and equal intervals, and charging the taken reference rechargeable batteries for a short time of no more than 2 seconds, wherein M is more than or equal to 50;
(1b) acquiring the voltage and current of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process through an external voltage circuit detection device at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz;
(2) calculating the charging response of each reference rechargeable battery by using a discrete time Fourier transform formula;
(3) making a reference charging battery charging response table:
and arranging the residual electric quantity of each reference rechargeable battery in an ascending order to form a first row of the table, and using the charging response value of each reference rechargeable battery as a second row of the table to form a reference rechargeable battery charging response table.
(4) Charging the rechargeable battery to be tested:
(4a) applying a charging current which is not more than 2 seconds to the rechargeable battery to be tested to carry out short-time charging;
(4b) detecting and recording the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be detected through an analog-to-digital converter at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz;
(5) comparing the charging response output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested with that of the reference rechargeable battery:
(5a) calculating the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery under the same charging current action as the rechargeable battery to be tested by using a discrete time inverse Fourier transform formula;
(5b) solving the mean square error between the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process and the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current by using a mean square error formula;
(5c) comparing the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process with the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current, and determining the minimum mean square error
(6) Determining the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery to be tested:
determining minimum mean square errorAnd taking the residual capacity of the ith reference rechargeable battery as the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be tested according to the value of the i.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the invention utilizes the short-time charging of not more than 2 seconds to each battery to be charged to obtain the output voltage of the rechargeable battery and calculate the charging response of the rechargeable battery, thereby overcoming the problem that the real voltage value of the rechargeable battery cannot be measured due to the virtual low voltage value of the rechargeable battery in the continuous working state in the prior art, leading the invention to more accurately measure the output voltage of the rechargeable battery and further improving the measurement precision of the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery.
Secondly, the invention adopts the method of the minimum mean square error between the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be measured in the charging process and the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current to measure the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery to be measured, overcomes the defect that the error is gradually increased along with the time lapse in the prior art, breaks through the limitation of accumulated error, and ensures that the measurement result of the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the specific steps of the present invention are as follows.
And step 1, charging the reference rechargeable battery.
And taking M reference rechargeable batteries of the same type as the rechargeable battery to be tested and the reference rechargeable batteries with known residual capacity and equal intervals, and charging the taken reference rechargeable batteries for a short time of no more than 2 seconds, wherein M is more than or equal to 50.
And acquiring the voltage and the current of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process through an external voltage circuit detection device at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz.
And 2, calculating the charging response of each reference rechargeable battery according to the following discrete time Fourier transform formula.
Wherein Hi(omega) represents the charging response of the ith reference charging battery to the frequency omega of the charging current signal, the value range of i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, sigma represents the summation operation, Vi(n) represents the output voltage of the ith reference rechargeable battery at the nth sampling moment in the charging process, e represents the exponential operation with a natural constant as the base, j represents an imaginary number symbol, and I (n) represents the charging current of the ith reference rechargeable battery at the nth sampling moment in the charging process.
And 3, making a reference rechargeable battery charging response table.
And arranging the residual electric quantity of each reference rechargeable battery in an ascending order to form a first row of the table, and using the charging response value of each reference rechargeable battery as a second row of the table to form a reference rechargeable battery charging response table.
The higher the M of the charging response table of the rechargeable battery is, the thinner the division of the residual electric quantity of the reference rechargeable battery is, and the more accurate the measurement of the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery to be measured is finally. A charging response meter of the rechargeable battery can be used for measuring the residual capacity of all rechargeable batteries of the same type as the reference battery, and the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be measured can be measured only by charging the battery to be measured for no more than 2 seconds and calculating, so that the long-time work of the system is avoided, and the influences of the voltage value virtual low and the battery accumulation error of the rechargeable battery in the continuous working state in the prior art are overcome.
Table 1 reference rechargeable battery charging response table when M is 100
Residual capacity (%) 1 2 …… 100
Charge response function H1(ω) H2(ω) …… H100(ω)
And 4, charging the rechargeable battery to be tested.
And applying a charging current not exceeding 2 seconds to the rechargeable battery to be tested for short-time charging.
And detecting and recording the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested through an analog-to-digital converter at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz.
And 5, comparing the charging response output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested with the charging response output voltage of the reference rechargeable battery.
And calculating the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery under the same charging current as the rechargeable battery to be tested according to the following discrete time inverse Fourier transform formula.
Wherein v isi(n) represents charging the ith referenceThe electric battery is charged by applying the same charging current as the charging battery to be detected, the voltage value output at the nth sampling moment is pi represents the circumferential rate, pi [ d [ omega ] represents the integral operation, and i (n) represents the charging current of the charging battery to be detected at the nth sampling moment.
And solving the mean square error between the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process and the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current according to the following mean square error formula.
Wherein,representing the voltage v output during the charging process in which the ith reference rechargeable battery is charged by applying the same charging current as that of the rechargeable battery to be testediAnd the mean square error between the mean square error and the voltage v output by the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process, wherein N represents the total sampling number of the analog-to-digital converter for collecting the output voltage information of the rechargeable battery to be tested, the value range of N is more than or equal to 100, and v (N) represents the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested at the nth sampling moment in the charging process.
According to the charging response table, the mean square error between the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process and the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein,representing the mean square error of the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process and the output voltage of the ith reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current, v (n)Represents the output voltage v of the rechargeable battery to be tested at the nth sampling moment in the charging processiAnd (N) represents the output voltage of the ith reference rechargeable battery at the nth sampling moment in the charging process, N represents the total sampling number, and N is more than or equal to 100.
And 6, determining the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery to be tested.
Determining minimum mean square errorAnd taking the residual capacity of the ith reference rechargeable battery as the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be tested according to the value of the i.

Claims (4)

1. A method for measuring the residual capacity of a rechargeable battery based on charging response is characterized in that a reference rechargeable battery charging response table is made by obtaining the charging response of a reference rechargeable battery through charging the rechargeable battery, the charged rechargeable battery to be measured is compared with the charging response output voltage of the reference rechargeable battery after being charged, and the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be measured is determined, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) charging a reference rechargeable battery:
(1a) taking M reference rechargeable batteries of the same type as the rechargeable battery to be tested and the reference rechargeable batteries with known residual capacity and equal intervals, and charging the taken reference rechargeable batteries for a short time of no more than 2 seconds, wherein M is more than or equal to 50;
(1b) acquiring the voltage and current of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process through an external voltage circuit detection device at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz;
(2) calculating the charging response of each reference rechargeable battery by using a discrete time Fourier transform formula;
(3) making a reference charging battery charging response table:
arranging the residual electric quantity of each reference rechargeable battery in an ascending order to be used as a first row of a table, and using the charging response value of each reference rechargeable battery as a second row of the table to form a reference rechargeable battery charging response table;
(4) charging the rechargeable battery to be tested:
(4a) applying a charging current which is not more than 2 seconds to the rechargeable battery to be tested to carry out short-time charging;
(4b) detecting and recording the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be detected through an analog-to-digital converter at a sampling frequency not less than 50 Hz;
(5) comparing the charging response output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested with that of the reference rechargeable battery:
(5a) calculating the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery under the same charging current action as the rechargeable battery to be tested by using a discrete time inverse Fourier transform formula;
(5b) solving the mean square error between the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process and the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current by using a mean square error formula;
(5c) comparing the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process with the output voltage of each reference rechargeable battery in the charging process under the same charging current, and determining the minimum mean square error
(6) Determining the residual electric quantity of the rechargeable battery to be tested:
determining minimum mean square errorAnd taking the residual capacity of the ith reference rechargeable battery as the residual capacity of the rechargeable battery to be tested according to the value of the i.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the discrete time Fourier transform formula in the step (2) is as follows:
wherein Hi(omega) represents the charging response of the ith reference charging battery to the frequency omega of the charging current signal, the value range of i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, sigma represents the summation operation, Vi(n) represents the output voltage of the ith reference rechargeable battery at the nth sampling moment in the charging process, e represents the exponential operation with a natural constant as the base, j represents an imaginary number symbol, and I (n) represents the charging current of the ith reference rechargeable battery at the nth sampling moment in the charging process.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the inverse discrete-time fourier transform formula described in step (5a) is as follows:
wherein v isi(n) represents that the charging current which is the same as that of the charging battery to be detected is applied to the ith reference charging battery for charging, the voltage value output at the nth sampling moment is output, pi represents the circumferential rate, pi [ d ] omega represents the integral operation, and i (n) represents the charging current of the charging battery to be detected at the nth sampling moment.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the mean square error formula described in step (5b) is as follows:
wherein,representing the voltage v output during the charging process in which the ith reference rechargeable battery is charged by applying the same charging current as that of the rechargeable battery to be testediAnd the mean square error between the mean square error and the voltage v output by the rechargeable battery to be tested in the charging process, wherein N represents the total sampling number of the analog-to-digital converter for collecting the output voltage information of the rechargeable battery to be tested, the value range of N is more than or equal to 100, and v (N) represents the output voltage of the rechargeable battery to be tested at the nth sampling moment in the charging process.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115219934A (en) * 2022-07-14 2022-10-21 青岛特来电新能源科技有限公司 Method, device and medium for evaluating health condition of single battery

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1132442A (en) * 1997-07-10 1999-02-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Storage battery remaining capacity estimation method and storage battery remaining capacity estimation system
CN101022178A (en) * 2007-03-09 2007-08-22 清华大学 Method for estimating nickel-hydrogen power battery charged state based on standard battery model
CN102918409A (en) * 2010-05-27 2013-02-06 诺基亚公司 Method of evaluating remaining power of a battery for portable devices
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115219934A (en) * 2022-07-14 2022-10-21 青岛特来电新能源科技有限公司 Method, device and medium for evaluating health condition of single battery

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Denomination of invention: A Method for Measuring the Remaining Capacity of Rechargeable Battery Based on Charging Response

Effective date of registration: 20220928

Granted publication date: 20201103

Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Lishui Branch

Pledgor: LISHUI BOYUAN TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2022980016723