CN105548906A - Method for dynamically estimating battery state of charge - Google Patents
Method for dynamically estimating battery state of charge Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of battery remaining power dynamic estimation method, real-time sampling cell voltage Vbat and battery current Ibat, battery remaining power is calculated according to cell operating status, when battery is in electric discharge or static condition or when battery is in charged state, battery remaining power is estimated using different calculation methods
, to improve battery remaining power in the dynamic estimation precision of charge and discharge process. Cell voltage is segmented conversion volumetric method to the present invention and two methods of ampere-hour method are effectively combined, it avoids the problem that the mutation of voltage Commutation Law capacity and ampere-hour method initial capacity is not allowed and cumulative errors, battery remaining power is improved in the dynamic estimation precision of charge and discharge process, extend battery, reduces system job costs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery state detection technology, in particular to a dynamic estimation method for the residual capacity of a battery.
Background
The remaining capacity (SOC) of a battery is generally affected by various factors such as ambient temperature, discharge rate, charging time, and degree of aging. Currently, it is very important for the user of the storage battery to know the actual remaining capacity of the battery before using or in the working condition. For example, the driver of a vehicle must know how much fuel is left in the current state and can reach the destination before the fuel is exhausted. However, the remaining capacity of the battery cannot reach the level of measuring the remaining fuel quantity of the fuel automobile at present, so that the electric automobile is easy to stop temporarily under working conditions such as crossroads or expressways, and inconvenience and even harm are brought to users. Inaccurate measurement of the residual capacity has a direct influence on the charging of the battery, and the battery is overcharged or undercharged due to the fact that whether the 'shallow discharge' or 'overdischarge' is charged or not can not be accurately predicted, so that the premature aging life of the battery is shortened, and the cost is increased. In view of this, the problem of accurate measurement of the SOC of the battery has become a bottleneck in its widespread replacement of fuel energy. The detection of the SOC of the storage battery is complex, and the methods commonly used in the year comprise: the battery voltage is converted into capacity method and ampere-hour method by stages.
The principle of battery segmentation reduced capacity method: a battery periodic constant current load in a working state is externally connected to measure a series of battery working voltages, and the working voltages calculate the remaining time of the battery at the moment by adopting a calculation method of a stage slope, so that the SOC of the battery in a discharging process is calculated. The capacity calculation method has the advantages that the capacity of the battery is converted by monitoring the working voltage of the battery, and the residual capacity of the battery can be accurately calculated by combining the discharge multiplying power of the battery in the discharge process of the battery. However, due to the uncertainty of the battery load, when there is no load, the battery resting voltage cannot correctly reflect the remaining capacity of the battery, and when the load is suddenly added or removed, the sudden change of the battery voltage causes the sudden change of the remaining capacity, which is not in accordance with the characteristics of gradual change of the capacity, and the method is not suitable for the battery charging state.
The principle of an ampere-hour method: the residual capacity of the battery is calculated by accumulating the time of the charging and discharging current of the battery, and two errors exist in the calculation process of the ampere-hour method: the accumulated error caused by the initial capacity deviation and the current sampling deviation increases linearly with time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dynamic estimation method for the residual capacity of a battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: when the battery pack is in a discharging state or a standing state, the discharging capacity VSoc (t) is calculated by using a voltage segmentation algorithm, the discharging capacity soc (t) is calculated by using an ampere-hour method, and a correction coefficient is calculated by comparing the difference value of the discharging capacity VSoc (t) and the discharging capacity Soc (t)(ii) a By modifying the coefficientCorrecting Soc (t); taking the final residual capacity of the battery after correction in a discharging or standing state as the initial capacity of a charging ampere-hour method in the charging process of the battery packAnd adding a charging correction coefficient m in the formula of the ampere-hour method to calculate the residual battery capacity Soc (t).
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the battery is in a discharged or static state, the following formula is used to calculate the remaining capacity of the battery，(ii) a Wherein,is the initial capacity of the battery at system start-up,is the number of ampere hours rated for the battery,the battery capacity correction coefficient is the battery capacity correction coefficient when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state; when the battery is in a charged state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by using the following formula，(ii) a Wherein,discharging or quiescent the batteryThe final remaining capacity of the battery in the set state,m is a battery capacity correction coefficient in a battery charging state.
Further, when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state, the calculation of the residual capacity of the battery comprises the following steps: s1: according to the sampled battery voltage VbatObtaining the battery capacity Vsoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t by adopting a voltage conversion method; s2: assigning VSoc (t) toThe battery capacity at the time t is calculated by adopting the following formula：(ii) a S3: comparing Soc' (t) and Vsoc (t) in real time to determine a correction coefficientWhen VSoc (t)>At the time of the Soc' (t),k/(vsoc (t) -Soc' (t)); when VSoc (t)<At the time of the Soc' (t),k = (Soc' (t) -vsoc (t)); when vsoc (t) = Soc' (t),k (= k); wherein: k is the constant current discharge rate of the battery according to the battery discharge current I sampled in real timebatCalculating the corresponding discharge multiplying power of the battery under different discharge currents by utilizing a peukert equation according to the discharge time t; s4: determination according to S3Correction coefficient ofCalculated for step S2 using the following formulaMaking a correction to obtain a corrected remaining battery capacity，(ii) a S5: real-time preservation of corrected battery residual capacity。
Further, calculating the battery capacity VSoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t, wherein the implementation mode is as follows:
when V isbat>V1Vsoc (t) = (V)bat-V1)*b1/(Vf-V1)+a1；
When V is1≥Vbat＞V2VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)2)*b2/(V1-V2)+a2；
When V is2≥Vbat＞V3VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)3)*b3/(V2-V3)+a3；
When V is3≥Vbat＞V4VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)4)*b4/(V3-V4)+a4；
···
When V isn-1≥Vbat＞VnVsoc (t) = (V)bat-Vn)*bn/(Vn-1-Vn)+an
When V isn≥VbatWhen the ratio is more than or equal to 0, VSoc (t) = Vbat/Vn*bn+1；
Wherein, VfFor the float voltage of the battery, 0 < Vn<···V3＜V2＜V1＜Vf，0＜a1＜a2＜a3<···<an＜1，0＜b1＜b2＜b3···<bn+1＜1。
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the battery is in a charging state, the battery charging correction coefficient m is estimated according to the measured charging amount, and the final remaining capacity of the battery in a discharging or standing state is calculatedIs assigned toCalculating the corrected remaining capacity of the battery by using the following formula：Wherein m is more than 1.2 and less than 1.5.
The invention effectively combines the battery voltage segmentation reduced capacity method and the safety time method, avoids the problems of capacity mutation of the voltage reduced method, inaccurate initial capacity of the safety time method and accumulated errors, improves the dynamic estimation precision of the residual capacity of the battery in the charging and discharging process, prolongs the service life of the battery and reduces the working cost of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram of a method for dynamically estimating remaining battery capacity in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a comparison curve of the remaining battery capacity before and after correction using the present method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for dynamically estimating the residual capacity of the battery is realized by adopting the following technical scheme. A dynamic estimation method for residual capacity of battery includes real-time sampling of battery voltage VbatAnd battery current IbatCalculating the residual capacity of the battery according to the working state of the battery; the realization process of the capacity calculation is divided into a discharging process and a charging process, the discharging capacity VSoc (t) is calculated by utilizing a voltage segmentation algorithm under the discharging state of the battery pack, the discharging capacity soc (t) is calculated by utilizing an ampere-hour method, and because the precision of the discharging process VSoc (t) is higher than that of the soc (t), a correction coefficient is obtained by comparing the difference value of the discharging process VSoc (t) and the discharging process Soc (t)By adjusting the correction factorCorrecting Soc (t) to make the precision thereof close to VSoc (t); the VSoc (t) is not calculated in the battery pack charging process, and the final battery residual capacity after the discharge or standing state correction is used as the charging ampere-hour method initial capacityAnd a charging correction coefficient m is added in a formula of the ampere-hour method, so that the accuracy of the charging capacity of the ampere-hour method is ensured.
When the battery is in a discharge or standing state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by the following formula，
；
Wherein,is the initial capacity of the battery at system start-up,is the number of ampere hours rated for the battery,the battery capacity correction coefficient is the battery capacity correction coefficient when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state;
when the battery is in a charged state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by using the following formula，
；
Wherein,the final remaining capacity of the battery in a discharged or static state of the battery,m is a battery capacity correction coefficient in a battery charging state.
Further, when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state, the calculation of the residual capacity of the battery comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the sampled battery voltage VbatObtaining the battery capacity Vsoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t by adopting a voltage conversion method;
s2: assigning Vsoc (t) toThe battery capacity at the time t is calculated by adopting the following formula：
；
S3: real-time comparisonAnd Vsoc (t), determining a correction coefficient，
When VSoc (t)>At the time of the Soc' (t),=k/(VSoc(t)-Soc'(t))；
when VSoc (t)<At the time of the Soc' (t),=k*(Soc'(t)-VSoc(t))；
when vsoc (t) = Soc' (t),=k；
k is the constant current discharge rate of the battery according to the battery discharge current I sampled in real timebatCalculating the corresponding discharge multiplying power of the battery under different discharge currents by utilizing a peukert equation (pockett equation) according to the discharge time t;
s4: correction factor determined according to step S3Calculated for step S2 using the following formulaMaking a correction to obtain a corrected remaining battery capacity
；
S5: real-time preservation of corrected battery residual capacity。
Further, calculating the battery capacity vsoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t, wherein the method is realized as follows:
when V isbat>V1Vsoc (t) = (V)bat-V1)*b1/(Vf-V1)+a1；
When V is1≥Vbat＞V2VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)2)*b2/(V1-V2)+a2；
When V is2≥Vbat＞V3VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)3)*b3/(V2-V3)+a3；
When V is3≥Vbat＞V4VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)4)*b4/(V3-V4)+a4；
···
When V isn-1≥Vbat＞VnVsoc (t) = (V)bat-Vn)*bn/(Vn-1-Vn)+an
When V isn≥VbatWhen the ratio is more than or equal to 0, VSoc (t) = Vbat/Vn*bn+1；
Wherein, VfFor the float voltage of the battery, 0 < Vn<···V3＜V2＜V1＜Vf，0＜a1＜a2＜a3<···<an＜1，0＜b1＜b2＜b3···<bn+1＜1。
Further, when the battery is in a charging state, estimating a battery charging correction coefficient m according to the actually measured charging amount, and estimating the final residual capacity of the battery in a discharging or standing stateIs assigned toCalculating the corrected remaining capacity of the battery by using the following formula，
Wherein m is more than 1.2 and less than 1.5.
Curve 1 in fig. 2 is a curve of deviation of ampere-hour discharge capacity without correction, and curve 2 in fig. 2 is a curve of deviation of ampere-hour discharge capacity after correction. It can be seen from the figure that 8 minutes before discharging is the sudden change of the calculated capacity of the voltage-folding algorithm caused by the sudden change of the battery voltage, the ampere-hour discharge capacity and the voltage-converted capacity have large deviation, the ampere-hour capacity precision is corrected by adjusting the kc number in order to make the ampere-hour discharge capacity approach the voltage-converted capacity, and the corrected deviation amount can be controlled within the range of 2% from the figure, so that the error caused by the accumulation of the ampere-hour is effectively corrected.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dynamic estimation method for residual capacity of battery includes real-time sampling of battery voltage VbatAnd battery current IbatThe method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of: when the battery pack is in a discharging state or a standing state, the discharging capacity VSoc (t) is calculated by using a voltage segmentation algorithm, the discharging capacity soc (t) is calculated by using an ampere-hour method, and a correction coefficient is calculated by comparing the difference value of the discharging capacity VSoc (t) and the discharging capacity Soc (t)(ii) a By modifying the coefficientCorrecting Soc (t); taking the final residual capacity of the battery after correction in a discharging or standing state as the initial capacity of a charging ampere-hour method in the charging process of the battery packAnd adding a charging correction coefficient m in the formula of the ampere-hour method to calculate the residual battery capacity Soc (t).
2. The battery remaining capacity dynamic estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the battery is in a discharge or standing state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by the following formula，
；
Wherein,is the initial capacity of the battery at system start-up,is the number of ampere hours rated for the battery,the battery capacity correction coefficient is the battery capacity correction coefficient when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state;
when the battery is in a charged state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by using the following formula，
；
Wherein,the final remaining capacity of the battery in a discharged or static state of the battery,m is a battery capacity correction coefficient in a battery charging state.
3. The battery remaining capacity dynamic estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the battery is in a discharging or standing working state, the calculation of the residual capacity of the battery comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the sampled battery voltage VbatObtaining the battery capacity Vsoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t by adopting a voltage conversion method;
s2: assigning VSoc (t) toThe battery capacity at the time t is calculated by adopting the following formula：
；
S3: comparing Soc' (t) and Vsoc (t) in real time to determine a correction coefficient，
When VSoc (t)>At the time of the Soc' (t),=k/(VSoc(t)-Soc'(t))；
when VSoc (t)<At the time of the Soc' (t),=k*(Soc'(t)-VSoc(t))；
when vsoc (t) = Soc' (t),=k；
wherein: k is the constant current discharge rate of the battery according to the battery discharge current I sampled in real timebatCalculating the corresponding discharge multiplying power of the battery under different discharge currents by utilizing a peukert equation according to the discharge time t;
s4: correction coefficient determined according to S3Calculated for step S2 using the following formulaMaking a correction to obtain a corrected remaining battery capacity
；
S5: real-time preservation of corrected battery residual capacity。
4. The battery remaining capacity dynamic estimation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: calculating the battery capacity VSoc (t) of the voltage method at the time t, wherein the implementation mode is as follows:
when V isbat>V1Vsoc (t) = (V)bat-V1)*b1/(Vf-V1)+a1；
When V is1≥Vbat＞V2VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)2)*b2/(V1-V2)+a2；
When V is2≥Vbat＞V3VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)3)*b3/(V2-V3)+a3；
When V is3≥Vbat＞V4VSoc (t) = (Vbat-V)4)*b4/(V3-V4)+a4；
···
When V isn-1≥Vbat＞VnVsoc (t) = (V)bat-Vn)*bn/(Vn-1-Vn)+an
When V isn≥VbatWhen the ratio is more than or equal to 0, VSoc (t) = Vbat/Vn*bn+1；
Wherein, VfFor the float voltage of the battery, 0 < Vn<···V3＜V2＜V1＜Vf，0＜a1＜a2＜a3<···<an＜1，0＜b1＜b2＜b3···<bn+1And n is a natural number greater than 3.
5. The battery remaining capacity dynamic estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the battery is in a charging state, estimating a battery charging correction coefficient m according to the actually measured charging amount, and estimating the final residual capacity of the battery in a discharging or standing stateIs assigned toCalculating the corrected remaining capacity of the battery by using the following formula：
Wherein m is more than 1.2 and less than 1.5.
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| CN108828446A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-16 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of modification method of ageing process to capacity impact |
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| CN109521370A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-26 | 厦门科灿信息技术有限公司 | A kind of battery SOC acquisition methods, system, device and readable storage medium storing program for executing |
| CN109586359A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-05 | 金龙联合汽车工业（苏州）有限公司 | Over-charging of battery method for early warning and device |
| CN110018420A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-16 | 江苏吉意信息技术有限公司 | Battery remaining power estimating system and battery remaining power estimation method |
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| CN112285585A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-29 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating battery energy state by considering temperature and multiplying power |
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| CN108983100B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2022-03-01 | 东莞前沿技术研究院 | Method and device for processing residual electric quantity of battery |
| CN107132490A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-05 | 福州大学 | A kind of method for realizing the estimation of lithium battery group state-of-charge |
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| CN111257763B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-04-22 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Method and system for calculating remaining capacity of battery |
| CN111257763A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Method and system for calculating remaining capacity of battery |
| CN110018420A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-16 | 江苏吉意信息技术有限公司 | Battery remaining power estimating system and battery remaining power estimation method |
| CN112285585A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-29 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating battery energy state by considering temperature and multiplying power |
| CN112285585B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating battery energy state by considering temperature and multiplying power |
| CN114035059A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 东软睿驰汽车技术（沈阳）有限公司 | Calculation method and device for displaying SOC (System on chip) precision and electronic equipment |
| CN116108705A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 烟台海博电气设备有限公司 | Sodium ion battery management system and SOC calculation method |
| CN116108705B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-04 | 烟台海博电气设备有限公司 | Sodium ion battery management system and SOC calculation method |
| CN118376927A (en) * | 2024-06-21 | 2024-07-23 | 西安奇点能源股份有限公司 | Dynamic correction method and system for SOC and rated capacity of energy storage battery |
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