CN108530066A - A kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible Download PDFInfo
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- CN108530066A CN108530066A CN201810314735.XA CN201810314735A CN108530066A CN 108530066 A CN108530066 A CN 108530066A CN 201810314735 A CN201810314735 A CN 201810314735A CN 108530066 A CN108530066 A CN 108530066A
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- niobium oxide
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- purity niobium
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- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/495—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible, the technical solution of the manufacturing method are:High purity niobium oxide powder is by dispensing, granulation, compacting, drying, high temperature sintering, annealing, polishing, finished product.This method rational technology, manufacturing cost are low, products obtained therefrom intensity is high, purity is good, water absorption rate is low, good thermal shock, deformation are small, substantially without cracking the defects of, service life is long, durability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing methods of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible.
Background technology
At present the production method of niobium oxide ontology crucible mainly have slip casting, injection moulding or injection moulding, etc. it is quiet
Molded method etc..Slip casting is that plaster mold water suction is leaned on to realize completely, has density gradient distribution in green body, is easily formed not
Homogeneous deformation, it is difficult to obtain the product of high intensity, high-purity.Injection moulding or injection moulding need to be added a certain amount of paraffin and cause
Skimming processes are cumbersome, and production cost is high, and the thawing or evaporation of bonding agent make the strength reduction of green body, easily form defect and even open
It splits, collapse.Isostatic pressing method has intensity height, does not introduce impurity, the product purity of effective guarantee calcining.
Invention content
Its purpose of the invention, which is that, provides a kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible, solves the prior art
It is cumbersome that there are processes, and production cost is high, and the thawing or evaporation of bonding agent make the strength reduction of green body, easily forms defect and even opens
The problem of splitting, collapsing.
It adopts the technical scheme that, a kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible, wraps to achieve the above object
Include following steps:
1), high purity niobium oxide powder is allocated, amount of preparation based on 100kg, wherein:60% ~ 70% high purity niobium oxide, 20% ~
25% ultra-pure water, 10% ~ 15% bonding agent, bonding agent PVA contents 5% ~ 10% add 100mL ~ 300mL dispersants, and dispersant is
A135 is put into 300L wet milks;
2), niobium alloy ball 30 kg ~ 40kg, ratio of grinding media to material 1 is added:2.5~3.5;
3), powders mixture ball milling 2 hours, after taking slurries to cross 500 ~ 800 mesh sieve, spray drying obtains mobility and is less than 150 seconds
Nearly ball-type high purity niobium oxide particle;
4), take 1.4kg ~ 1.5kg granulation high purity niobium oxide is fitted into rubber mold, rubber die lock, prevent leak;
5), the mold that will feed be put into isostatic pressed cylinder body, slowly boost to 100 ~ 110 megapascal within 15 minutes, then slowly decompression
To 70 ~ 75 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, it is down to 50 ~ 55 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, is down to 15 ~ 20 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, then is down to often
Pressure;
6), open isostatic pressed cylinder cap, take out compacting tool set, carefully dismantle rubber pattern, take out the high purity niobium oxide crucible suppressed
Green body;
7), crucible green body is packed into baking oven, be warming up to 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours, be cooled to room temperature, be packed into high temperature and burn
Freezing of a furnace;
8), the crucible green body of drying is upside down in high temperature sintering furnace body, propped up with corundum tablet, prevent from deforming, be spilt on tablet
Upper niobium oxide powder, haftplatte when preventing high temperature sintering;
9), high temperature sintering furnace heating process it is as follows:50 DEG C every liter keep the temperature 30 minutes, are raised to 1300 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C always, heat preservation 2
Hour, it cools to room temperature with the furnace, comes out of the stove;
10), polishing, packaging and storage.
Advantageous effect
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art.
It is an advantage of the invention that this method rational technology, manufacturing cost are low, products obtained therefrom intensity is high, purity is good, water absorption rate
Low, good thermal shock, deformation be small, substantially without cracking the defects of, service life is long, durability is high.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible, includes the following steps:
1), high purity niobium oxide powder is allocated, amount of preparation based on 100kg, wherein:60% ~ 70% high purity niobium oxide, 20% ~
25% ultra-pure water, 10% ~ 15% bonding agent, bonding agent PVA contents 5% ~ 10% add 100mL ~ 300mL dispersants, and dispersant is
A135 is put into 300L wet milks;
2), niobium alloy ball 30 kg ~ 40kg, ratio of grinding media to material 1 is added:2.5~3.5;
3), powders mixture ball milling 2 hours, after taking slurries to cross 500 ~ 800 mesh sieve, spray drying obtains mobility and is less than 150 seconds
Nearly ball-type high purity niobium oxide particle;
4), take 1.4kg ~ 1.5kg granulation high purity niobium oxide is fitted into rubber mold, rubber die lock, prevent leak;
5), the mold that will feed be put into isostatic pressed cylinder body, slowly boost to 100 ~ 110 megapascal within 15 minutes, then slowly decompression
To 70 ~ 75 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, it is down to 50 ~ 55 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, is down to 15 ~ 20 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, then is down to often
Pressure;
6), open isostatic pressed cylinder cap, take out compacting tool set, carefully dismantle rubber pattern, take out the high purity niobium oxide crucible suppressed
Green body;
7), crucible green body is packed into baking oven, be warming up to 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours, be cooled to room temperature, be packed into high temperature and burn
Freezing of a furnace;
8), the crucible green body of drying is upside down in high temperature sintering furnace body, propped up with corundum tablet, prevent from deforming, be spilt on tablet
Upper niobium oxide powder, haftplatte when preventing high temperature sintering;
9), high temperature sintering furnace heating process it is as follows:50 DEG C every liter keep the temperature 30 minutes, are raised to 1300 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C always, heat preservation 2
Hour, it cools to room temperature with the furnace, comes out of the stove;
10), polishing, packaging and storage.
Embodiment one:
1, high purity niobium oxide powder is allocated, amount of preparation 100kg meters, wherein 66% high purity niobium oxide, 22% ultra-pure water, 12%
Bonding agent(PVA contents 5%), add 300mL dispersants(A135)Solution is put into 300L wet milks;
2, niobium alloy ball 40kg is added;
3, powders mixture ball milling 2 hours carry out spray drying granulation after taking slurries to cross 500 mesh sieve, obtain mobility and are less than
130 seconds nearly ball-type high purity niobium oxide particles;
4,1.5kg granulation high purity niobium oxides are taken to be fitted into mold, rubber die locking prevents leak;
5, the mold that will feed is put into isostatic pressed cylinder body, is slowly boosted to 105 megapascal within 15 minutes, is then slowly depressurized to 75,000,000
50 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes is down in pa pressurize 5 minutes, is down to 18 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, then be down to normal pressure;
6, isostatic pressed cylinder cap is opened, mold is taken out, dismantles rubber pattern, take out the crucible green body suppressed;
7, crucible green body is packed into baking oven, is warming up to 105 DEG C, kept the temperature 24 hours, be cooled to room temperature, be packed into high temperature sintering furnace.
8, the crucible green body of drying is upside down in high temperature sintering furnace body, is propped up with corundum tablet, prevent from deforming, on tablet
It is sprinkled with niobium oxide powder, haftplatte when preventing from being sintered;
9, high temperature sintering furnace heating process is as follows:50 DEG C every liter keep the temperature 30 minutes, are raised to 1330 DEG C always, 2 hours are kept the temperature, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature.
10, it polishes, packaging and storage.
One high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible performance parameter of embodiment is as follows:
Coefficient of thermal expansion:1.45×10-6/ K;
Water absorption rate:2%;
Purity:99.99%;
Flexural strength:12.1Mpa;
Deformation rate:Less than 1%;
Heat rate:More than 1000 times.
Embodiment two:
1, high purity niobium oxide powder is allocated, 67% high purity niobium oxide, 23% ultra-pure water, 10% bonding agent(PVA contents 6%),
Add 250mL dispersants(A135)Solution is put into 300L wet milks;
2, niobium alloy ball 40kg is added;
3, powders mixture ball milling 2 hours carry out spray drying granulation after taking slurries to cross 500 mesh sieve, obtain mobility and are less than
100 seconds nearly ball-type high purity niobium oxide particles;
4,1.45kg granulation high purity niobium oxides are taken to be fitted into mold, rubber die locking prevents leak;
5, the mold that will feed is put into isostatic pressed cylinder body, is slowly boosted to 105 megapascal within 5 minutes, is then slowly depressurized to 75,000,000
Pa pressurize 3 minutes is down to 50 megapascal pressurize 2 minutes, then is down to normal pressure;
6, isostatic pressed cylinder cap is opened, mold is taken out, dismantles rubber pattern, take out the crucible green body suppressed;
7, crucible green body is packed into baking oven, is warming up to 120 DEG C, kept the temperature 24 hours, be cooled to room temperature, be packed into high temperature sintering furnace.
8, the crucible green body of drying is upside down in furnace body, is propped up with corundum tablet, prevent from deforming, oxidation is sprinkled on tablet
Niobium powder, haftplatte when preventing from being sintered;
9, high temperature sintering furnace heating process is as follows:50 DEG C every liter keep the temperature 30 minutes, are raised to 1350 DEG C always, 2 hours are kept the temperature, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature,
10, it polishes, packaging and storage.
Two high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible performance parameter of embodiment is as follows:
Coefficient of thermal expansion:1.45×10-6/ K;
Water absorption rate:1.5%;
Purity:99.99%;
Flexural strength:13.1Mpa;
Deformation rate:Less than 1%;
Heat rate:More than 1000 times.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of manufacturing method of high purity niobium oxide ontology crucible, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1), high purity niobium oxide powder is allocated, amount of preparation based on 100kg, wherein:60% ~ 70% high purity niobium oxide, 20% ~
25% ultra-pure water, 10% ~ 15% bonding agent, bonding agent PVA contents 5% ~ 10% add 100mL ~ 300mL dispersants, and dispersant is
A135 is put into 300L wet milks;
2), niobium alloy ball 30 kg ~ 40kg, ratio of grinding media to material 1 is added:2.5~3.5;
3), powders mixture ball milling 2 hours, after taking slurries to cross 500 ~ 800 mesh sieve, spray drying obtains mobility and is less than 150 seconds
Nearly ball-type high purity niobium oxide particle;
4), take 1.4kg ~ 1.5kg granulation high purity niobium oxide is fitted into rubber mold, rubber die lock, prevent leak;
5), the mold that will feed be put into isostatic pressed cylinder body, slowly boost to 100 ~ 110 megapascal within 15 minutes, then slowly decompression
To 70 ~ 75 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, it is down to 50 ~ 55 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, is down to 15 ~ 20 megapascal pressurize 5 minutes, then is down to often
Pressure;
6), open isostatic pressed cylinder cap, take out compacting tool set, carefully dismantle rubber pattern, take out the high purity niobium oxide crucible suppressed
Green body;
7), crucible green body is packed into baking oven, be warming up to 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours, be cooled to room temperature, be packed into high temperature and burn
Freezing of a furnace;
8), the crucible green body of drying is upside down in high temperature sintering furnace body, propped up with corundum tablet, prevent from deforming, be spilt on tablet
Upper niobium oxide powder, haftplatte when preventing high temperature sintering;
9), high temperature sintering furnace heating process it is as follows:50 DEG C every liter keep the temperature 30 minutes, are raised to 1300 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C always, heat preservation 2
Hour, it cools to room temperature with the furnace, comes out of the stove;
10), polishing, packaging and storage.
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5940799B2 (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1984-10-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | LINBO3 Mataha LITAO3 Notanketsushiyouno Seizouhouhou |
JPS60183709A (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Substrate for thin film magnetic head |
DE10244826B4 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2012-06-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Arrangement for monitoring the state of wear of the refractory lining of melting furnaces, in particular glass melting tanks |
CN103449845A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 广东致远新材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method of crucible for producing niobium oxide or tantalum oxide |
CN104973864A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-14 | 北京冶科纳米科技有限公司 | Niobium oxide plane target preparation method and niobium oxide plane target |
CN105130432A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-09 | 江西三石有色金属有限公司 | Production method of body material crucible for calcining hydroxides in tantalum and niobium smelting |
-
2018
- 2018-04-10 CN CN201810314735.XA patent/CN108530066A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5940799B2 (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1984-10-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | LINBO3 Mataha LITAO3 Notanketsushiyouno Seizouhouhou |
JPS60183709A (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Substrate for thin film magnetic head |
DE10244826B4 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2012-06-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Arrangement for monitoring the state of wear of the refractory lining of melting furnaces, in particular glass melting tanks |
CN103449845A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 广东致远新材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method of crucible for producing niobium oxide or tantalum oxide |
CN104973864A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-14 | 北京冶科纳米科技有限公司 | Niobium oxide plane target preparation method and niobium oxide plane target |
CN105130432A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-09 | 江西三石有色金属有限公司 | Production method of body material crucible for calcining hydroxides in tantalum and niobium smelting |
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Application publication date: 20180914 |