CN108484300A - Ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology - Google Patents
Ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108484300A CN108484300A CN201810667704.2A CN201810667704A CN108484300A CN 108484300 A CN108484300 A CN 108484300A CN 201810667704 A CN201810667704 A CN 201810667704A CN 108484300 A CN108484300 A CN 108484300A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technologies, using coated urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride bentonite Composite Hydrogels as solid material, spray ureaformaldehyde adds charcoal and microbial bacterial agent in a manner of face powder again after being granulated, dual control release and the controlled release of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer that can realize nitrogenous fertilizer, improve the activity of microbial bacterial agent.Ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology products obtained therefrom provided by the invention is compared with existing product, with epigranular, dust is few, appearance is mellow and full, prevented from caking, nutrients release is uniform, the period is long, not easily run off, discharge completely, N, P, K fertilizer utilization rate is improved, higher validity is all maintained in each period nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium nutrition of plant growth, and it can completely be decomposed by microorganism, be noresidue, environmentally friendly, can also improve edaphon flora, prevent it is hardened, meet development green ecological agricultural requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite fertilizer's technical fields, and in particular to a kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology.
Background technology
China consumes the chemical fertilizer for accounting for world's total amount 32% with the soil for accounting for the whole world 9% at present, and unit area fertilizer application amount is
The three times of world average level are more, and chemical fertilizer nutrient utilization rate is relatively low always, and this season utilization rate nitrogenous fertilizer of China's chemical fertilizer is only 30%
To 35%, phosphate fertilizer is 10% to 25%, and potash fertilizer is 35% to 50%.Due to improper fertilization and utilization rate of fertilizer be not high etc.,
Chemical fertilizer largely loses, and causes the huge wasting of resources, economic loss and serious environmental pollution, so improving fertilizer utilization
Rate is very urgent.
Slow release fertilizer can efficiently control nutrient releasing speed, extend fertilizer efficiency period, improve utilization rate of fertilizer to the maximum extent,
Nutrient loss is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, reduces social resources consumption, be of great significance to agricultural sustainable development.Coating
The key technology of type slow/controlled release fertilizer is research and development and the coating technology of coated fertilizer, the best coated fertilizer of present application effect
For resinous material, nutrients release, but resin film strong inert can be steadily controlled, it is not easy to it degrades, meeting after nutrients release
There is residual film residual in the soil, stayed in the soil if a large amount of resin residual films certainly will be had after applying slow/controlled release fertilizer for many years,
Although the pollution for improving plant recovery of nutrient, reducing fertilizer to environment is likely to result in the secondary pollution to environment again.
Matrix mixed type slow/controlled release fertilizer cannot all use although nutrient can be made to play slow releasing function in the entire season of growth,
Production-increasing function can just be played by also needing to coordinate inorganic Quick-dissolving fertilizer, the complexity of access times and fertilising can increase again manually at
This.The ureaformaldehyde slow/controlled release fertilizer of chemical synthesis type belongs to organic microsolubility slow release fertilizer, and nitrogen is insoluble in water, only in soil
Under the effect of earth biological or chemical, it can just decompose slowly to inorganic nitrogen and be absorbed and used by plants, the length of fertilizer efficiency depends on urea
The length of formaldehyde molecule chain, strand is longer, and fertilizer efficiency period is also longer.Meanwhile methylene urea therein has suction-operated, it can
Promote fertilizer to be combined to form gluey chelate with soil particle, to reduce nutrient loss, can be fully absorbed by crop, is realized
The raising of utilization rate of fertilizer, but its nutrients release period be up to the several years, its nutrients release period, while nutrient cannot be accurately controlled
It is single, slow releasing function can only be played to nitrogen.
Phosphorus utilization rate in all chemical fertilizer is minimum, and phosphorus is plant growth and productivity in the nearly half arable soil in the world
Restriction factor, solubility in the soil is low, moves in the soil very weak, limits absorption of the plant to it, improves phosphorus
The fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer is to improve the emphasis of utilization rate of fertilizer.
Granulating rate is low, dust loss is serious there is also being granulated for existing ureaformaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, and filler is of high cost, easily lumps, nothing
The shortcomings of method realizes nutrient controlled release, P and K leaching loss is serious, thus research and develop without coating, granulating rate is high, prevented from caking, cost
It is low, fertilizer efficiency is high, the ureaformaldehyde production technology of N, P, K nutrient controlled release is of great significance.
Invention content
For the deficiency of existing ureaformaldehyde production technology, the present invention provides one kind and being not necessarily to coating, granulating rate height, be not easy to tie
Block, at low cost, fertilizer efficiency is high, the ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology of N, P, K nutrient controlled release.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, includes the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3~1.6 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, hydrogen-oxygen is added
Change sodium and adjust pH value to 7.0~7.5, temperature is kept for 40~60 DEG C, and addition reaction 1h obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0~4.5, stirring, condensation is instead
1h is answered, ureaformaldehyde solution for standby is obtained；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, so
After sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, continue stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent reaction be added, composite hydrogel microballoon, water is made
Flushing, drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, together
When it is another it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses, which roll to reunite, bonds granulating, and comminutor comes out
Granule materials drying, cooling, cross scalping, cross dusting cover, wherein sieving after grain shape it is excessive or cross little particle return comminutor
Again it is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is
Finished product.
In gel masses described in step 3 the mass fraction of each component be urea 15%~40%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 18%~
32%, potassium chloride 10%~15%, bentonite 15%~25%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%~18%, crosslinking agent 5%~
10%.
Synergy liquid and preparation method thereof described in step 4 is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly- lucid asparagus are added in water
Propylhomoserin, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid, ultrasound make to be uniformly dispersed, and obtain synergy liquid；
Charcoal described in step 5 is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonization time 4h, cooling, crushing
Sieving, then after ultramicro grinding to obtain the final product；The microbial bacterial agent is by one kind in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger
Or a variety of compositions.
The present invention is by preparing bentonite Composite Hydrogels, and urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are by bentonite adsorption, this portion
Divide booty material nutrient during release will first by bentonite release, after with the extraneous factors such as osmotic pressure act on through gel duct
It is discharged into the external world, the amount that bentonite consumption increases institute's adsorption fertilizer increases, slow release effect enhancing, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and crosslinking
The dosage of agent increases, and the tridimensional network of hydrogel is closeer, and duct is smaller, and resistance when release is bigger, thus can pass through
Adjust bentonite, the amount ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and crosslinking agent carrys out while realizing urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride it is controllable
Release.
Synergy liquid used in the present invention, nano-titanium dioxide can carry out Researches on Photocatalytic Degradation of Pesticide Using residual, increase microorganism mine
Object decomposes and polysaccharide secretion, can also adjust plant root growth hormone secretion, improve the performance of soil；Nano zine oxide conduct
Phosphorus decomposing enzyme can enhance the activity of enzyme, promote absorption of the crop to phosphorus, so that the chlorophyll content of crop and root volume is increased, have
Conducive to the microbial population of soil conservation health；Poly-aspartic-acid can effectively control nitrogen and convert and migrate in the soil,
It reduces and is lost in, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer amount, promote plant growth；3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid is nitre
Change inhibitor, it is safe and nontoxic, there is stronger inhibition to ammonium oxidation in soil, ammonium root in soil can be significantly improved
Concentration, reduce the concentration of nitrate anion, slow down soil pH reduction.
Charcoal used has three-D micro-nano network structure, on the one hand provides habitat for microorganism, ensure that micro- life
The viable bacteria number of object microbial inoculum, moreover it is possible to avoid fertiliser granulates from gathering, on the other hand it has quick absorbent function, can increase the dissolving of water
Ability can promote root system of plant to absorb nutrient and moisture, realize volume increase.
Microorganism used therefor microbial inoculum can effectively adsorb nitrate nitrogen in arable layer, it is therefore prevented that pollution of the nitrogen to soil, simultaneously
Enough nutrients are provided for crops, wherein trichoderma, aspergillus niger can also decomposition of cellulose, lignin, promote beneficial bacterium it is numerous
It grows, harmful bacteria growth, reduction is inhibited to act on pest and disease damage, be conducive to crop yield increase.
It can be adsorbed on soil after the product application that ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology provided by the invention is prepared
In, the leaching loss of N, P, K fertilizer is substantially reduced, while bentonite Composite Hydrogels can realize the controlled release of a variety of nutrients,
Compared with existing product, N, P, K fertilizer utilization rate are improved, and are all kept in each period nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium nutrition of plant growth
There is higher validity.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) by synergy liquid and ureaformaldehyde solution in ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology granulation process provided by the invention
Mixing spray eliminates the operation that is mixed with synergist of fertilizer during fertilising, applies powder again after granulation, use charcoal for
Microorganism provides habitat, can greatly improve the survival rate of microorganism, the composite fertilizer of present invention process production be hydrogel and
Ureaformaldehyde dual control release mechanism is reached identical effect of increasing production and is greatly reduced using fertilizer amount, saved compared with existing fertilizer
The human and material resources of agricultural production process, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improve 71.4%, and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency improves 46.2%, potassium utilization rate
26.9% is improved, all maintains higher validity in each period nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, and the quality of agricultural product can be improved；
(2) ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology provided by the invention controls the release of N fertilizer using two kinds of approach, a kind of
It is to be wrapped in bentonite Composite Hydrogels with form of urea, realizes controlled release, disclosure satisfy that plant growth initial stage larger N
Fertile demand, another kind, which is the N fertilizer in ureaformaldehyde, gradually to be discharged under external influence, can be provided for a long term nutrient, reach agriculture
Crop yield effect；
(3) ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology products obtained therefrom provided by the invention has epigranular, dust few, outer
See mellow and full, prevented from caking, nutrients release is uniform, the period is long, not easily run off, discharge completely, the high feature of utilization rate, and can quilt
Microorganism decomposes completely, noresidue, environmentally friendly, moreover it is possible to improve edaphon flora, prevent hardened, meet development green
The requirement of the ecological agriculture.
Specific implementation mode
Further to illustrate the technological means and its effect of the invention taken, carried out below in conjunction with specific embodiment detailed
Thin description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, includes the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, sodium hydroxide tune is added
PH value is saved to 7.0~7.5, temperature is kept for 40~60 DEG C, and addition reaction 1h obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0~4.5, stirring, condensation is instead
1h is answered, ureaformaldehyde solution for standby is obtained；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, so
After sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, continue stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent reaction be added, composite hydrogel microballoon, water is made
Flushing, drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, together
When it is another it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses, which roll to reunite, bonds granulating, and comminutor comes out
Granule materials drying, cooling, cross scalping, cross dusting cover, wherein sieving after grain shape it is excessive or cross little particle return comminutor
Again it is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is
Finished product.
The mass fraction of each component is urea 32%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 28%, potassium chloride in gel masses described in step 3
12%, bentonite 19%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%, crosslinking agent 5%.
Synergy liquid and preparation method thereof described in step 4 is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly- lucid asparagus are added in water
Propylhomoserin, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid, ultrasound make to be uniformly dispersed, and obtain synergy liquid；
Charcoal described in step 5 is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonization time 4h, cooling, crushing
Sieving, then after ultramicro grinding to obtain the final product；The microbial bacterial agent is by one kind in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger
Or a variety of compositions.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, includes the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3~1.6 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, hydrogen-oxygen is added
Change sodium and adjust pH value to 7.0~7.5, temperature is kept for 40~60 DEG C, and addition reaction 1h obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0~4.5, stirring, condensation is instead
1h is answered, ureaformaldehyde solution for standby is obtained；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, so
After sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, continue stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent reaction be added, composite hydrogel microballoon, water is made
Flushing, drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, together
When it is another it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses, which roll to reunite, bonds granulating, and comminutor comes out
Granule materials drying, cooling, cross scalping, cross dusting cover, wherein sieving after grain shape it is excessive or cross little particle return comminutor
Again it is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is
Finished product.
The mass fraction of each component is urea 15%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 18%, potassium chloride in gel masses described in step 3
14%, bentonite 25%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 18%, crosslinking agent 10%.
Synergy liquid and preparation method thereof described in step 4 is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly- lucid asparagus are added in water
Propylhomoserin, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid, ultrasound make to be uniformly dispersed, and obtain synergy liquid；
Charcoal described in step 5 is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonization time 4h, cooling, crushing
Sieving, then after ultramicro grinding to obtain the final product；The microbial bacterial agent is by one kind in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger
Or a variety of compositions.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, includes the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3~1.6 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, hydrogen-oxygen is added
Change sodium and adjust pH value to 7.0~7.5, temperature is kept for 40~60 DEG C, and addition reaction 1h obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0~4.5, stirring, condensation is instead
1h is answered, ureaformaldehyde solution for standby is obtained；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, so
After sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, continue stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent reaction be added, composite hydrogel microballoon, water is made
Flushing, drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, together
When it is another it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses, which roll to reunite, bonds granulating, and comminutor comes out
Granule materials drying, cooling, cross scalping, cross dusting cover, wherein sieving after grain shape it is excessive or cross little particle return comminutor
Again it is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is
Finished product.
The mass fraction of each component is urea 40%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 18%, potassium chloride in gel masses described in step 3
13%, bentonite 15%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%, crosslinking agent 10%.
Synergy liquid and preparation method thereof described in step 4 is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly- lucid asparagus are added in water
Propylhomoserin, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid, ultrasound make to be uniformly dispersed, and obtain synergy liquid；
Charcoal described in step 5 is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonization time 4h, cooling, crushing
Sieving, then after ultramicro grinding to obtain the final product；The microbial bacterial agent is by one kind in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger
Or a variety of compositions.
Embodiment 4
A kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, includes the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3~1.6 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, hydrogen-oxygen is added
Change sodium and adjust pH value to 7.0~7.5, temperature is kept for 40~60 DEG C, and addition reaction 1h obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0~4.5, stirring, condensation is instead
1h is answered, ureaformaldehyde solution for standby is obtained；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, so
After sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added, continue stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent reaction be added, composite hydrogel microballoon, water is made
Flushing, drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, together
When it is another it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses, which roll to reunite, bonds granulating, and comminutor comes out
Granule materials drying, cooling, cross scalping, cross dusting cover, wherein sieving after grain shape it is excessive or cross little particle return comminutor
Again it is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is
Finished product.
The mass fraction of each component is urea 30%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 19%, potassium chloride in gel masses described in step 3
13%, bentonite 18%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 13%, crosslinking agent 7%.
Synergy liquid and preparation method thereof described in step 4 is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly- lucid asparagus are added in water
Propylhomoserin, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid, ultrasound make to be uniformly dispersed, and obtain synergy liquid；
Charcoal described in step 5 is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonization time 4h, cooling, crushing
Sieving, then after ultramicro grinding to obtain the final product；The microbial bacterial agent is by one kind in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger
Or a variety of compositions.
Comparative example
In addition to being not added with synergy liquid and not applying powder, remaining operation is the same as embodiment 3.
Application effect
Test method：Illumination is sufficient, topography is smooth, soil fertility is medium plot is selected as experimental field, it will experimental field
12 pieces are divided into, (1)~(12) are numbered, wherein (1) and (2) is control group, using commercially available common ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer；(3)~
(10) it is test group, using Examples 1 to 4 products obtained therefrom；(11) and (12) are contrast groups, right using comparative example products obtained therefrom
It is 40kg per acre according to group amount of application, test group and contrast groups amount of application are 20kg per acre, remaining farming operations all same.
Wheat is tested
1 wheat test result of table
As shown in Table 1, for the product that present invention process is prepared compared with common ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer, amount of application reduces one
Times, moreover it is possible to reach apparent wheat increase yield effect, increases production 68kg or more per acre；Pass through the effect of increasing production of test group and contrast groups ratio
Compared with, it is known that synergy liquid further increases effect of increasing production by improving utilization rate of fertilizer.
Corn trials
1 corn trials result of table
As shown in Table 2, for the product that present invention process is prepared compared with common ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer, amount of application reduces one
Times, moreover it is possible to reach apparent corn yield increasing effect, increases production 67kg or more per acre；Pass through the effect of increasing production of test group and contrast groups ratio
Compared with, it is known that synergy liquid further increases effect of increasing production by improving utilization rate of fertilizer.
Plant recovery of nutrient experimental study
It is above-mentioned as shown in table 3 using the corn nitrogen of different fertilizer type, phosphorus, potash fertilizer uptake and utilization rate.Wherein nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium uptake=stalk dry weight × stalk nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content+fruit dry weight × fruit nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content；Practical nitrogen absorbs
Amount=apply different fertilizer processing nitrogen absorbing amount-do not apply soil fertility quality nitrogen absorbing amount.
3 corn nutrients uptake amounts of table and utilization rate
From table 3 it can be seen that the product that present invention process is prepared is compared with common ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer, corn pair
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer uptake are above common ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer, and utilization rate also greatly improves；Pass through test group and contrast groups
Nutrients uptake amounts compared with utilization rate, it is known that the present invention used in synergy liquid energy significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer.
To sum up, ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology provided by the invention, preparation process is simple, microorganism live bacteria rate
High, dual control sustained release realizes N, P, K fertilizer controlled release, is more advantageous to the utilization of fertilizer efficiency performance and each ingredient, reduces supporting after application
Divide loss, products obtained therefrom that can significantly improve crop yield, improve the quality of agricultural product, improves disease-resistant crops ability.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, ability
Other modifications or equivalent replacement that domain those of ordinary skill makes technical scheme of the present invention, without departing from skill of the present invention
The spirit and scope of art scheme, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
One, formalin is added in urea, urea is 1.3 ~ 1.6 with formaldehyde mole ratio:1, it dissolves by heating, sodium hydroxide tune is added
PH value is saved to 7.0 ~ 7.5, temperature is kept for 40 ~ 60 DEG C, and 1 h of addition reaction obtains methylol urea solution；
Two, industrial sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid are added into methylol urea solution, adjusts pH value to 4.0 ~ 4.5, stirs, 1 h of condensation reaction,
Obtain ureaformaldehyde solution for standby；
Three, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are weighed to be dissolved in water, stir evenly, bentonite is added and stirs into lotion, then adds
Enter sodium carboxymethylcellulose, continues stirring to being completely dissolved, crosslinking agent is added and reacts, obtained composite hydrogel microballoon, water flushing,
Drying to constant weight, obtains gel masses, is transported in rotary drum granulator, is used in case being granulated；
Four, ureaformaldehyde solution is passed through in dashpot, through prilling spry spray in rotary drum granulator on solid material bed, and meanwhile it is another
One it is nozzle specially used synergy liquid is also sprayed on solid material bed, gel masses roll reunite bond granulating, comminutor come out
Grain material drying, crosses scalping, crosses dusting cover at cooling, wherein the grain shape after sieving is excessive or crosses little particle and returns to comminutor again
It is granulated；
Five, charcoal, microbial bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, are applied powder to the granule materials of grain shape qualification, packaging is finished product.
2. ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that jello described in step 3
In material the mass fraction of each component be urea 15% ~ 40%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 18% ~ 32%, potassium chloride 10% ~ 15%, bentonite 15% ~
25%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4% ~ 18%, crosslinking agent 5% ~ 10%.
3. ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that synergy liquid described in step 4
Preparation method is：Nano-titanium dioxide, nano zine oxide, poly-aspartic-acid, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid are added in water,
Ultrasound makes to be uniformly dispersed to obtain the final product.
4. ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that biological described in step 5
Charcoal is prepared by cotton stalk, and carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, 4 h of carbonization time, and cooling pulverizes and sieves, then after ultramicro grinding i.e.
；The microbial bacterial agent is made of one or more in azotobacteria, bacillus, trichoderma, aspergillus niger.
5. according to any obtained product of ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology of claim 1 ~ 4.
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