CN108461560A - A kind of photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic glass. The surface of the photovoltaic glass is provided with n light-transmitting areas and m light-reflecting areas, and the n and m are natural numbers greater than 1. A kind of photovoltaic glass of the present invention integrates the reflective area and the photovoltaic glass by setting the reflective area on the photovoltaic glass, avoiding various troubles of placing reflective strips in the gaps between the cells in the later stage, and the manufacturing process does not need special adjustment; The surface is raised to the inner surface of the photovoltaic glass, which is higher than the surface of the battery sheet, so that the height of reflection is increased, and the distance of light reflection is shortened, which can reflect more light back to the battery surface and improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

Description

A kind of photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic module

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic glass and a photovoltaic module.

Background technique

With the continuous consumption of energy, the price of energy continues to rise, and the development and utilization of new energy has become the main topic of research in the field of energy. Because solar energy has many advantages such as no pollution, no regional restrictions, and inexhaustible supply, the study of solar power generation has become one of the popular directions for developing new energy sources. At this stage, using solar cells to generate electricity is a major way for people to use solar energy. With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, photovoltaic module products, which are semiconductor devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy, have been rapidly developed and their application fields are becoming wider and wider.

Solar power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of light at the semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. As the core unit of solar power generation, photovoltaic modules are generally packaged by cover glass, encapsulation film, battery sheet, encapsulation film and back plate. There are two main factors affecting the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules: the conversion efficiency of cells and the intensity of incident light. Due to the advancement of technology, the conversion efficiency of cells has reached a relatively high level and is difficult to improve. People have begun to pay attention to how to reduce the loss of incident light to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

At present, there are two ways to reduce the reflection of incident light: 1) Embossing is carried out on the side of the photovoltaic glass facing the cell to increase the diffuse reflection to reduce the reflection of incident light, but this method cannot make good use of the space between the cells. and the incident light transmitted between the strings, as shown in Figure 1-3, the arrows in the figure represent the direction of light propagation. After the light passes through the photovoltaic glass 1, passes through the packaging material 2, and reaches the rear plate 4, most of the light cannot Returning to the front light-receiving surface of the battery sheet 3, only due to the effect of diffuse reflection, a small part of the light will return to the front light-receiving surface of the battery sheet 3 after reflection and refraction, but the amount of light that can be reflected back to the battery sheet 3 is relatively small less, and due to the long light propagation route, the attenuation of light is relatively large, and the energy that can be obtained by the battery sheet 3 is also low; 2) as mentioned in the invention patent of Chinese Patent No. Described, by pasting the reflective film between the corresponding battery strings on the lower surface of the photovoltaic glass, the light incident on the surface of the reflective film is reflected twice and then reaches the surface of the battery string adjacent to the reflective film, and the battery string absorbs the light after the second reflection , by using the light-receiving area for secondary reflection of light, the amount of light received by the photovoltaic module is increased, thereby increasing the output power of the module. However, if the photovoltaic glass in this technical solution is embossed glass, it will lead to The displacement of the reflective film may occur, which will affect the quality of the photovoltaic module and the effect of the final reflection of light, and because the reflective film with a narrow width is placed between the cells, the production efficiency and yield rate will be greatly reduced.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic glass that can effectively utilize the incident light in the gap between the cells to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A photovoltaic glass, the surface of the photovoltaic glass is provided with n light-transmitting areas and m light-reflecting areas for reflecting incident light, wherein n and m are natural numbers greater than 1. The light transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 90%, and the light transmittance of the light-reflecting area ranges from 0% to 70%. The light-transmitting area is provided with an embossed structure on the side of the photovoltaic glass close to the battery sheet.

Preferably, the reflective area is pasted with a reflective film or covered with a reflective layer or provided with an embossed structure. The reflective film and reflective layer can be operated after the photovoltaic glass is prepared, and the implementation is relatively simple; the embossed structure needs to be prepared at the same time as the photovoltaic glass is prepared, which has the advantage of eliminating many subsequent processes. trouble.

Preferably, a reflective film is provided in the reflective area, and the reflective film includes a substrate and an embossed structure disposed on the substrate. The reflective film is bonded to the smooth surface of the reflective area by materials such as EVA, PVB, POE or TPO.

More preferably, the embossed structure is zigzag, pyramid, triangular strip, continuously arranged arc or V-shape. The shape and size of the embossed structure are selected according to actual needs.

More preferably, the embossed structure is covered with the reflective layer.

Preferably, the reflective area has a width of 0.5 mm to 15 mm, corresponding to the distance between adjacent battery sheets.

The following is a detailed description of the arrangement of the light-transmitting area and the reflective area in photovoltaic glass: the light-transmitting area in the present invention is provided with an embossed structure, and the embossed structure is a zigzag, a pyramid, a triangular strip, and a continuously arranged arc. Shaped or V-shaped; the setting of the reflective area mainly includes the following situations:

1) The reflective area is a smooth surface, that is, there is no embossed structure in the reflective area. At this time, the reflective effect can be achieved by pasting a reflective film or covering a reflective layer on the smooth surface in the reflective area;

2) An embossed structure is set in the reflective area, and the shape and size of the embossed structure can be kept the same as the embossed structure in the light-transmitting area, or it can be different from the embossed structure in the light-transmitting area; and in order to better achieve the purpose of reflection , the embossed structure in the reflective area is also covered with a reflective layer;

3) The reflective area is a smooth surface, and the reflective film is bonded in the reflective area. The reflective film includes a base material and an embossed structure arranged on the base material, and the size of the embossed structure on the reflective film is smaller than that of the light-transmitting film. The size of the embossed structure in the area; in order to better achieve the purpose of reflection, the embossed structure on the reflective film is also covered with a reflective layer, and the surface of the reflective layer near the side of the photovoltaic glass has a reflective effect.

The above situation 3) can be divided into two situations: one is that the substrate is bonded to the smooth surface of the reflective area, that is, the substrate is located on the side close to the photovoltaic glass, and the embossed structure is located on the side away from the photovoltaic glass The other is that the embossed structure is bonded to the smooth surface of the reflective area, that is, the embossed structure is located on the side close to the photovoltaic glass, and the substrate is located on the side away from the photovoltaic glass. In these two cases, if the embossed structure is covered with a light-reflecting layer, the surface of the light-reflecting layer near the side of the photovoltaic glass will reflect light to reflect incident light back to the photovoltaic glass.

The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, including a front plate, a front encapsulation layer, a battery layer, a rear encapsulation layer and a rear plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the battery layer includes several battery sheets, and the front plate is As mentioned above, the photovoltaic glass provided with the light-transmitting area and the light-reflecting area, the side of the photovoltaic glass provided with the light-transmitting area and the light-reflecting area is close to the battery layer, and the light-transmitting area is connected to the battery sheet The dimensions correspond to each other, and the reflective area corresponds to the periphery of the battery sheet.

Preferably, the reflective area is provided continuously or discontinuously corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets.

Preferably, the reflective area is arranged horizontally or vertically or horizontally and vertically staggeredly corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets.

The setting methods of the reflective area in the photovoltaic module are divided into the following situations:

1) The reflective area corresponds to the horizontal continuous or discontinuous setting of the gap between adjacent cells;

2) The reflective area corresponds to the vertical continuous or discontinuous setting of the gap between adjacent cells;

3) The reflective area corresponds to the horizontal and vertical continuous or discontinuous setting of the gap between adjacent battery sheets.

In the case of multiple settings of the above-mentioned reflective areas, it is preferable that the reflective areas are continuously arranged horizontally and vertically along the gap between adjacent cells. The photovoltaic glass is then reflected to the front of the cell through the photovoltaic glass to maximize the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Preferably, the width of the reflective area is less than or equal to the distance between adjacent battery sheets.

Compared with the prior art, the benefits of the present invention are:

1. A photovoltaic glass of the present invention integrates the reflective area and the photovoltaic glass by setting a reflective area on the photovoltaic glass, avoiding various troubles of placing reflective strips in the gap between the cells in the later stage, and the manufacturing process does not need special adjustment;

2. The photovoltaic glass of the present invention raises the reflective surface to the inner surface of the photovoltaic glass, which is higher than the surface of the battery sheet, so that the height of the reflection is increased, the distance of light reflection is shortened, and more light can be reflected back to the battery surface , improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a stacked schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

2 is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of photovoltaic glass in the prior art;

Fig. 4 is a stacked schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the photovoltaic module of embodiment one;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic glass of embodiment two;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the photovoltaic assembly of embodiment two;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic glass of embodiment three;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module of the third embodiment;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module of Embodiment 4;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module of Embodiment 5;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal arrangement of the reflective area in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of vertical arrangement of reflective regions in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the criss-cross and intermittent arrangement of the reflective areas in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the reflective areas criss-crossed and horizontally intermittently arranged in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the criss-cross arrangement of reflective areas in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the reflective areas arranged in criss-cross pattern in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Among them: photovoltaic glass-1, light-transmitting area-11, light-reflecting area-12, embossed structure-13, base material-14, light-reflecting layer-15, packaging film-2, cell sheet-3, back plate-4.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described implementation Examples are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a photovoltaic module of this embodiment includes photovoltaic glass 1, front encapsulation layer, battery layer, rear encapsulation layer and rear plate 4, front encapsulation material and rear encapsulation material arranged sequentially from top to bottom It is the encapsulation film 2 made of conventional materials such as EVA and POE. The battery layer includes several regularly arranged battery sheets 3 .

The surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 is provided with n light-transmitting regions 11 and m light-reflecting regions 12, n and m are natural numbers greater than 1, and the side of the photovoltaic glass 1 with the light-transmitting regions 11 and the light-reflecting regions 12 is close to the battery layer. Each light-transmitting area 11 corresponds to the size of the battery sheet 3 , and the light-reflecting area 12 corresponds to the periphery of the battery sheet 3 . That is, the number of solar cells 3 arranged in the photovoltaic module corresponds to the number of light-transmitting regions 11 arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 . For example, in the existing conventional photovoltaic modules, the battery layer is mostly 60 or 72 battery sheets 3, according to the technical solution of this embodiment, the photovoltaic glass 1 is also provided with 60 or 72 light-transmitting regions 11 correspondingly, and each The size of the transparent region 11 corresponds to the size of the battery sheet 3 .

As shown in Figure 12-17 (in order to more clearly show the positional relationship between the light-transmitting area 11 and the light-reflecting area 12, the light-transmitting area 11 is virtualized as completely transparent), the arrangement of the light-reflecting area 12 in the photovoltaic module is divided For the following situations:

1) The reflective area 12 is arranged horizontally continuously or intermittently corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, as shown in Figure 12, the reflective area 12 is continuously arranged laterally along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3;

2) The reflective area 12 is arranged continuously or intermittently in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, as shown in Figure 13, the reflective area 12 is continuously arranged longitudinally along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3;

3) The reflective area 12 is continuously or intermittently arranged horizontally and vertically corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3. As shown in Figure 14, the reflective area 12 is arranged horizontally and vertically intermittently along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, and Figure 15 shows that it is reflective The regions 12 are criss-crossed and intermittently arranged along the gaps between adjacent battery sheets 3 ; FIG.

Among the multiple arrangements of the reflective region 12 above, it is preferable that the reflective region 12 is continuously arranged horizontally and vertically along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3. The advantage of such an arrangement is that the area of the reflective region 12 is the largest, the reflective effect is optimal, and more The incident light is reflected back to the photovoltaic glass 1, and then reflected to the front of the battery sheet 3 through the photovoltaic glass 1, so as to maximize the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The reflective area 12 in this embodiment is continuously arranged horizontally and vertically corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3 .

The light transmittance of the light-transmitting region 11 in this embodiment is greater than or equal to 90%, and the light transmittance of the light-reflecting region 12 ranges from 0% to 70%. The width of the reflective area 12 is 0.5 mm to 15 mm, and the width of the reflective area 12 is less than or equal to the distance between adjacent battery sheets 3 .

In this embodiment, the side of the photovoltaic glass 1 close to the battery layer is provided with an embossed structure 13. The embossed structure 13 is in the shape of a zigzag, a pyramid, a triangular strip, an arc or a V shape arranged continuously, and the present embodiment is preferably a pyramid shape. . The area of the embossed structure 13 corresponding to the battery sheet 3 is the light-transmitting area 11 , and the area of the embossed structure 13 corresponding to the gap between the battery sheets 3 is the light-reflecting area 12 , and the light-reflecting area 12 is covered with a light-reflecting layer 15 to achieve a light-reflecting effect.

Embodiment two

Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the photovoltaic module of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that: although the photovoltaic glass 1 of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment is also provided with an embossed structure 16 on the side close to the battery layer, it is located on the The embossed structure 13 in the light-transmitting region 11 is not the same size and shape as the embossed structure 16 in the light-reflecting region 12 , and the embossed structure 13 in the light-transmitting region 11 is larger in size than the embossed structure in the light-reflecting region 12 13, and the embossed structure 13 in the light-transmitting region 11 and the embossed structure 13 in the light-reflecting region 12 in this embodiment are both pyramid-shaped.

In order to better realize the reflective effect and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, as shown in FIG. 7 , in this embodiment, the embossed structure 13 in the reflective area 12 is also covered with a reflective layer 15 .

Embodiment Three

Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the photovoltaic module of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, the difference is that: in this embodiment, the light-transmitting region 11 of the photovoltaic glass 1 of the photovoltaic module near the battery layer is provided with an embossed structure 13, and Each light-transmitting area 11 corresponds to the size of the battery sheet 3 , but the place of the photovoltaic glass 1 corresponding to the light-reflecting area 12 is smooth, as shown in FIG. 8 .

In this embodiment, the smooth surface of the reflective area 12 is covered with a reflective layer 13 or a reflective film is attached to achieve the reflective effect, as shown in Figure 9, the arrows in the figure represent the direction of light propagation, it can be seen that the incident light passes through the photovoltaic glass After reaching the reflective layer 15 of the reflective area 12, the incident light is reflected back to the photovoltaic glass 1 through the reflective effect of the reflective layer 15, and then reflected by the photovoltaic glass 1 to the front of the battery sheet 3. Since the reflective surface is raised to the inner surface of the photovoltaic glass 1, which is higher than the surface of the battery sheet 3, the height of the reflection is increased, the distance of light reflection is shortened, more light can be reflected back to the battery surface, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved. efficiency.

Embodiment four

Referring to FIG. 10 , the photovoltaic module of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 3, the difference is that the photovoltaic glass 1 of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment is bonded with a reflective film on the smooth surface of the reflective area 12 to achieve a reflective effect. The reflective film includes a substrate 14 and an embossed structure 13 disposed on the substrate 14 , and the size of the embossed structure 13 on the reflective film is smaller than that of the embossed structure 13 in the light-transmitting region 11 . The embossed structure 13 is zigzag, pyramid, continuously arranged arc or V-shape. In this embodiment, the embossed structure 13 on the reflective film is bonded to the smooth surface of the reflective area 12 through materials such as EVA, PVB, POE or TPO, that is, the base material 14 of the reflective film is located on the side close to the battery layer , the embossed structure 13 is located on the side away from the battery layer.

In order to achieve a better reflective effect, in this embodiment, the embossed structure 13 of the reflective film is also covered with a reflective layer 15, and the surface of the reflective layer 15 away from the substrate 14 plays a reflective role, as shown in Figure 10 , the arrow in the figure represents the direction of light propagation. It can be seen that the incident light reaches the reflective film in the reflective area 12 after passing through the photovoltaic glass 1, and the incident light is reflected back to the photovoltaic glass 1 by the reflective effect of the reflective layer 15 on the reflective film. , and then reflected by the photovoltaic glass 1 to the front of the solar cell 3 . Since the reflective surface is raised to the inner surface of the photovoltaic glass 1, which is higher than the surface of the battery sheet 3, the height of the reflection is increased, the distance of light reflection is shortened, more light can be reflected back to the battery surface, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved. efficiency.

Embodiment five

Referring to Fig. 11, the photovoltaic module of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 4, the difference is that: the photovoltaic glass 1 of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment is bonded with a reflective film on the smooth surface of the reflective area 12 to achieve the reflective effect, However, in this embodiment, the substrate 14 on the reflective film is bonded to the smooth surface of the reflective area 12 by materials such as EVA, PVB, POE or TPO, that is, the embossed structure 13 of the reflective film is located near the battery layer. On the side, the substrate 14 is located on the side away from the battery layer. Moreover, in this embodiment, the embossed structure 13 of the reflective film is covered with a reflective layer 15 to achieve a better reflective effect, and the surface of the reflective layer 15 close to the substrate 14 acts as reflective.

There are many ways to set the reflective area 12 on the photovoltaic glass 1 in the above embodiments and other embodiments that can be obtained according to the technical solution of the present invention, as shown in Figures 12-17 (in order to show light transmission more clearly in the figure The positional relationship between the area 11 and the reflective area 12 is to virtualize the light-transmitting area 11 as completely transparent):

1) The reflective area 12 is arranged horizontally continuously or intermittently corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, as shown in Figure 12, the reflective area 12 is continuously arranged laterally along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3;

2) The reflective area 12 is arranged continuously or intermittently in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, as shown in Figure 13, the reflective area 12 is continuously arranged longitudinally along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3;

3) The reflective area 12 is continuously or intermittently arranged horizontally and vertically corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3. As shown in Figure 14, the reflective area 12 is arranged horizontally and vertically intermittently along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3, and Figure 15 shows that it is reflective The regions 12 are criss-crossed and intermittently arranged along the gaps between adjacent battery sheets 3 ; FIG.

However, in specific implementation and application, it needs to be selected according to the actual situation. If the area of the reflective region 12 is required to be the largest and the reflective effect is optimal, it is preferable that the reflective region 12 is continuously arranged horizontally and vertically along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3; To achieve a certain reflective effect and control costs, it is preferable that the reflective area 12 is intermittently arranged horizontally or vertically along the gap between adjacent battery sheets 3 .

A kind of photovoltaic glass of the present invention integrates the reflective area and the photovoltaic glass by setting the reflective area on the photovoltaic glass, avoiding various troubles of placing reflective strips in the gaps between the cells in the later stage, and the manufacturing process does not need special adjustment; The surface is raised to the inner surface of the photovoltaic glass, which is higher than the surface of the battery sheet, so that the height of reflection is increased, the distance of light reflection is shortened, more light can be reflected back to the battery surface, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention. Equivalent changes or modifications made in the spirit shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A photovoltaic glass, characterized in that, the surface of the photovoltaic glass is provided with n light-transmitting areas and m light-reflecting areas for reflecting incident light, and said n and m are natural numbers greater than 1. 2. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, the reflective area is pasted with a reflective film or covered with a reflective layer or provided with an embossed structure. 3 . The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1 , wherein a reflective film is arranged in the reflective area, and the reflective film includes a base material and an embossed structure arranged on the base material. 4 . 4. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the embossed structure is in the shape of sawtooth, pyramid, triangular strip, continuously arranged arc or V shape. 5. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the embossed structure is covered with the reflective layer. 6. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, the width of the reflective area is 0.5mm to 15mm. 7. A photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate, a front encapsulation layer, a battery layer, a rear encapsulation layer, and a rear plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom, the battery layer includes several battery sheets, and it is characterized in that the front plate The photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein a side of the photovoltaic glass provided with the light-transmitting area and the light-reflecting area is close to the battery layer. 8 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 7 , wherein the reflective regions are arranged continuously or intermittently corresponding to gaps between adjacent battery sheets. 9 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein the light-reflecting regions are arranged horizontally or vertically or horizontally and vertically staggered corresponding to gaps between adjacent battery sheets. 10 . 10 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 7 , wherein the width of the reflective region is smaller than or equal to the distance between adjacent cells. 11 .