CN108444118A - A tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing system - Google Patents
A tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种塔式聚光吸热系统，包括透光盖板、多孔吸热材料、保温框架、定日镜和反射镜，透光盖板设置在保温框架的顶部，多孔吸热材料置于保温框架的内部下方，定日镜设置在容积式吸热器的上方四周，反射镜通过塔式支撑结构设置在容积式吸热器的正上方，定日镜的镜面与反射镜的镜面相配合。本发明结构简单，通过定日镜和反射镜的设置，对太阳光进行二次聚光反射，减少了室外管道的长度，大大降低了管道冻结的风险，通过将透光盖板置于保温框架的顶部，提高太阳光照的透光率，从而提高了吸热效率，通过多孔吸热材料的设置，有助于实现内部流体的对流强化传热，有效实现内部传热工质的快速升温。
The present invention discloses a tower-type light-concentrating heat-absorbing system, comprising a light-transmitting cover plate, a porous heat-absorbing material, a heat-insulating frame, a heliostat and a reflector, wherein the light-transmitting cover plate is arranged on the top of the heat-insulating frame, the porous heat-absorbing material is arranged at the lower part of the heat-insulating frame, the heliostat is arranged around the top of a volumetric heat absorber, the reflector is arranged directly above the volumetric heat absorber through a tower-type support structure, and the mirror surface of the heliostat matches the mirror surface of the reflector. The present invention has a simple structure, and through the arrangement of the heliostat and the reflector, the sunlight is secondary concentrated and reflected, the length of the outdoor pipeline is reduced, and the risk of pipeline freezing is greatly reduced. By placing the light-transmitting cover plate on the top of the heat-insulating frame, the transmittance of sunlight is increased, thereby improving the heat-absorbing efficiency. Through the arrangement of the porous heat-absorbing material, it is helpful to realize the convection-enhanced heat transfer of the internal fluid, and effectively realize the rapid heating of the internal heat transfer medium.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及太阳能聚光吸热系统技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种塔式聚光吸热系统。The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy concentrating and heat-absorbing systems, and more specifically, relates to a tower-type light-concentrating and heat-absorbing system.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能是取之不尽用之不竭的可再生能源，在化石燃料逐年减少、国际能源形势日趋严峻的今天，开发利用太阳能是实现能源供应多元化、保证能源安全的重要途径之一。太阳能聚光吸热系统是一种能够将太阳能热量转化为传热介质热量的一种热能转换系统，可以广泛应用至太阳能供热、工业热利用等系统。Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source. Today, as fossil fuels are decreasing year by year and the international energy situation is becoming increasingly severe, the development and utilization of solar energy is one of the important ways to realize the diversification of energy supply and ensure energy security. The solar concentrating heat absorption system is a thermal energy conversion system that can convert solar heat into heat transfer medium heat, and can be widely used in solar heating, industrial heat utilization and other systems.
太阳能聚光吸热系统具有塔式、槽式、菲涅尔式等多种聚光形式，其中塔式比较适用于山地地形，我国平地资源寸土寸金，适用于山地地形的塔式聚光系统将是未来发展太阳能热利用的重要集热方式之一。The solar concentrating and heat-absorbing system has various concentrating forms such as tower type, trough type, and Fresnel type. Among them, the tower type is more suitable for mountainous terrain. my country's flat land resources are precious, and the tower type concentrating system is suitable for mountainous terrain. It will be one of the important heat collection methods for the development of solar thermal utilization in the future.
然而，传统的塔式聚光吸热系统大都只能设置在地面上，且需要大量的管道进行输送，导致管道经常出现冻结问题，同时，传统的塔式聚光吸热系统的吸热效率较低，不便于在北方地区的快速供热需求。However, most of the traditional tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing systems can only be installed on the ground, and require a large number of pipelines for transportation, resulting in frequent freezing of pipelines. At the same time, the heat absorption efficiency of traditional tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing systems Low, not convenient for rapid heating needs in northern regions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的上述缺陷，提供一种能够降低管道冻结风险，且吸热效率高，能够快速升温的塔式聚光吸热系统。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a tower-type concentrating and heat-absorbing system that can reduce the risk of pipeline freezing, has high heat absorption efficiency, and can rapidly raise the temperature.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种塔式聚光吸热系统，包括聚光装置和容积式吸热器，所述聚光装置设置在容积式吸热器的上方，所述容积式吸热器内设置有传热工质，所述容积式吸热器包括透光盖板、多孔吸热材料和保温框架，所述透光盖板设置在保温框架的顶部，所述保温框架一侧的下方设置有进水管，同侧的上方设置有出水管，所述多孔吸热材料置于保温框架的内部下方，并设置在进水管的上方，所述传热工质设置在保温框架内。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a tower-type concentrating and heat-absorbing system, which includes a concentrating device and a volumetric heat absorber, the concentrating device is arranged above the volumetric heat absorber, and the volumetric heat absorber A heat transfer medium is arranged in the heater, and the volumetric heat absorber includes a light-transmitting cover plate, a porous heat-absorbing material, and a thermal insulation frame. A water inlet pipe is arranged below the same side, and an outlet pipe is arranged above the same side. The porous heat-absorbing material is placed under the interior of the heat preservation frame and above the water inlet pipe. The heat transfer working medium is arranged in the heat preservation frame.
作为优选的，所述所述聚光装置包括定日镜、反射镜和塔式支撑结构，所述定日镜设置在容积式吸热器的上方四周，所述反射镜通过塔式支撑结构设置在容积式吸热器的正上方，所述定日镜的镜面与反射镜的镜面相配合。Preferably, the concentrating device includes a heliostat, a reflector and a tower support structure, the heliostat is arranged around the top of the volumetric heat absorber, and the reflector is arranged through the tower support structure Directly above the volumetric heat absorber, the mirror surface of the heliostat cooperates with the mirror surface of the reflector.
作为优选的，所述保温框架的底部设置有排污管。As a preference, the bottom of the thermal insulation frame is provided with a sewage pipe.
作为优选的，所述保温框架的顶部设置有若干个防护板，所述若干个防护板环绕透光盖板的四周设置。Preferably, several protective plates are arranged on the top of the thermal insulation frame, and the several protective plates are arranged around the periphery of the light-transmitting cover plate.
作为优选的，所述容积式吸热器内的传热工质设置为低温传热工质。Preferably, the heat transfer working fluid in the volumetric heat absorber is set as a low temperature heat transfer working fluid.
作为优选的，所述容积式吸热器内的传热工质设置为耐高温传热工质。Preferably, the heat transfer working fluid in the volumetric heat absorber is set as a high temperature resistant heat transfer working fluid.
作为优选的，所述容积式吸热器设置在地平面以下。Preferably, the volumetric heat sink is arranged below ground level.
作为优选的，所述透光盖板的顶部连接有气阀。Preferably, an air valve is connected to the top of the transparent cover plate.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
本发明结构简单，包括聚光装置和容积式吸热器，容积式吸热器包括透光盖板、多孔吸热材料和保温框架，聚光装置包括定日镜和反射镜，透光盖板设置在保温框架的顶部，保温框架一侧的下方设置有进水管，同侧的上方设置有出水管，多孔吸热材料置于保温框架的内部下方，定日镜设置在容积式吸热器的上方四周，反射镜通过塔式支撑结构设置在容积式吸热器的正上方，定日镜的镜面与反射镜的镜面相配合，通过定日镜和反射镜的设置，对太阳光进行二次聚光反射，有效减少塔式支撑结构的静荷载，同时，减少了室外管道的长度，大大降低了管道冻结的风险，通过将透光盖板置于保温框架的顶部，使得透光盖板基本不承压，有效保障透光盖板的使用寿命，同时，提高太阳光照的透光率，从而提高了吸热效率，通过多孔吸热材料的设置，有助于实现内部流体的对流强化传热，有效实现内部传热工质的快速升温。The invention has a simple structure and includes a concentrating device and a volumetric heat absorber. The volumetric heat absorber includes a light-transmitting cover plate, a porous heat-absorbing material and a thermal insulation frame. It is installed on the top of the thermal insulation frame, the water inlet pipe is arranged under one side of the thermal insulation frame, and the water outlet pipe is arranged above the same side, the porous heat-absorbing material is placed under the inner part of the thermal insulation frame, and the heliostat is arranged at the volumetric heat absorber. Around the upper part, the reflecting mirror is set directly above the volumetric heat absorber through the tower support structure, and the mirror surface of the heliostat matches the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror. Concentrating reflection can effectively reduce the static load of the tower support structure. At the same time, it reduces the length of the outdoor pipeline and greatly reduces the risk of pipeline freezing. By placing the transparent cover on the top of the thermal insulation frame, the transparent cover basically No pressure, effectively guarantee the service life of the light-transmitting cover plate, at the same time, improve the light transmittance of sunlight, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency, through the setting of porous heat-absorbing materials, it helps to achieve convection and enhanced heat transfer of the internal fluid , effectively realize the rapid temperature rise of the internal heat transfer working fluid.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明提供的一种塔式聚光吸热系统的整体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tower-type light-concentrating and heat-absorbing system provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参考图1，本发明的实施例提供了一种塔式聚光吸热系统，包括聚光装置1和容积式吸热器2，容积式吸热器2包括透光盖板3、多孔吸热材料4和保温框架5，聚光装置1包括定日镜8和反射镜9，透光盖板3设置在保温框架5的顶部，保温框架5一侧的下方设置有进水管6，同侧的上方设置有出水管7，多孔吸热材料4置于保温框架5的内部下方，定日镜8设置在容积式吸热器2的上方四周，反射镜9通过塔式支撑结构10设置在容积式吸热器2的正上方，定日镜8的镜面与反射镜9的镜面相配合，下面结合附图对本实施例进行详细说明。Please refer to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of tower type concentrating heat absorbing system, comprises concentrating device 1 and volumetric heat absorber 2, and volumetric heat absorber 2 comprises light-transmitting cover plate 3, porous absorber The thermal material 4 and the thermal insulation frame 5, the concentrating device 1 includes a heliostat 8 and a reflector 9, the light-transmitting cover plate 3 is arranged on the top of the thermal insulation frame 5, and a water inlet pipe 6 is arranged under one side of the thermal insulation frame 5, and the same side A water outlet pipe 7 is arranged above, the porous heat-absorbing material 4 is placed under the inner part of the thermal insulation frame 5, the heliostat 8 is arranged around the top of the volumetric heat absorber 2, and the reflector 9 is arranged in the volumetric area through a tower support structure 10. Directly above the type heat sink 2, the mirror surface of the heliostat 8 cooperates with the mirror surface of the reflector 9. The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，聚光装置1设置在容积式吸热器2的上方，容积式吸热器2内设置有传热工质，其中，容积式吸热器2包括透光盖板3、多孔吸热材料4和保温框架5，透光盖板3设置在保温框架5的顶部，保温框架5一侧的下方设置有进水管6，同侧的上方设置有出水管7，多孔吸热材料4置于保温框架5的内部下方，并设置在进水管6的上方，传热工质设置在保温框架5内，聚光装置1包括定日镜8、反射镜9和塔式支撑结构10，定日镜8设置在容积式吸热器2的上方四周，反射镜9通过塔式支撑结构10设置在容积式吸热器2的正上方，定日镜8的镜面与反射镜9的镜面相配合，通过定日镜8和反射镜9的设置，对太阳光进行二次聚光反射，有效减少塔式支撑结构10的静荷载，同时，减少了室外管道的长度，大大降低了管道冻结的风险，通过将透光盖板3置于保温框架5的顶部，使得透光盖板3基本不承压，有效保障透光盖板3的使用寿命，同时，提高太阳光照的透光率，从而提高了吸热效率，通过多孔吸热材料4的设置，有助于实现内部流体的对流强化传热，有效实现内部传热工质的快速升温。As shown in Fig. 1, the concentrating device 1 is arranged above the volumetric heat absorber 2, and a heat transfer working medium is arranged in the volumetric heat absorber 2, wherein the volumetric heat absorber 2 includes a light-transmitting cover plate 3, The porous heat-absorbing material 4 and the thermal insulation frame 5, the light-transmitting cover plate 3 is arranged on the top of the thermal insulation frame 5, the water inlet pipe 6 is arranged below one side of the thermal insulation frame 5, and the water outlet pipe 7 is arranged above the same side, and the porous heat-absorbing material 4 is placed under the interior of the heat preservation frame 5 and arranged above the water inlet pipe 6, the heat transfer medium is arranged in the heat preservation frame 5, and the concentrating device 1 includes a heliostat 8, a reflector 9 and a tower support structure 10, The heliostat 8 is arranged around the top of the volumetric heat absorber 2, and the reflector 9 is arranged directly above the volumetric heat absorber 2 through the tower support structure 10. In cooperation, through the setting of the heliostat 8 and the reflector 9, the sunlight is concentrated and reflected twice, effectively reducing the static load of the tower support structure 10, and at the same time, reducing the length of the outdoor pipeline and greatly reducing the risk of pipeline freezing. Risk, by placing the light-transmitting cover 3 on the top of the heat preservation frame 5, the light-transmitting cover 3 is basically not under pressure, effectively ensuring the service life of the light-transmitting cover 3, and at the same time, improving the light transmittance of sunlight, thereby The heat absorption efficiency is improved, and the arrangement of the porous heat-absorbing material 4 helps to realize convection-enhanced heat transfer of the internal fluid, and effectively realizes rapid temperature rise of the internal heat-transfer working medium.
较佳地，保温框架5的底部设置有排污管11，当保温框架5内的流体杂质过多时，对保温框架5进行清洗，清洗后的污水从排污管11排出，以此保证保温框架5内的持续干净。Preferably, the bottom of the thermal insulation frame 5 is provided with a sewage discharge pipe 11. When there are too many fluid impurities in the thermal insulation frame 5, the thermal insulation frame 5 is cleaned, and the cleaned sewage is discharged from the sewage discharge pipe 11, so as to ensure that the thermal insulation frame 5 of continued cleanliness.
较佳地，通过保温框架5的设置，并在热桥易发生的部位，如进水管6、出水管7、排污管11、透光盖板3与保温框架5连接处，采用断桥措施，有效降低了容积式吸热器2在工作时热量的损失。Preferably, through the setting of the thermal insulation frame 5, and at the parts where thermal bridges are prone to occur, such as the water inlet pipe 6, the water outlet pipe 7, the sewage pipe 11, the connection between the light-transmitting cover plate 3 and the thermal insulation frame 5, bridge breaking measures are adopted, The heat loss of the volumetric heat absorber 2 during operation is effectively reduced.
本实施例中，保温框架5的顶部设置有若干个防护板12，若干个防护板12环绕透光盖板3的四周设置。In this embodiment, several protective plates 12 are arranged on the top of the thermal insulation frame 5 , and the several protective plates 12 are arranged around the periphery of the light-transmitting cover plate 3 .
较佳地，容积式吸热器2内的传热工质可设置为水等低温传热工质，也可设置为熔融盐或导热油等耐高温传热工质，可根据实际情况进行选择。Preferably, the heat transfer working medium in the volumetric heat absorber 2 can be set as a low temperature heat transfer working medium such as water, or can be set as a high temperature resistant heat transfer working medium such as molten salt or heat transfer oil, which can be selected according to the actual situation .
较佳地，容积式吸热器2可设置在地平面以下，置于土壤或地下室设备间中，可根据实际情况进行选择。Preferably, the volumetric heat absorber 2 can be set below the ground level, placed in the soil or in the basement equipment room, which can be selected according to the actual situation.
较佳地，透光盖板3的顶部连接有气阀13，通过气阀13的设置有效避免保温框架5内出现压力过大的现象。Preferably, an air valve 13 is connected to the top of the light-transmitting cover plate 3 , and the setting of the air valve 13 can effectively prevent excessive pressure in the thermal insulation frame 5 .
系统运行时，太阳光照射到定日镜8上，定日镜8发射太阳光至反射镜9上，反射镜9将太阳光反射至透光盖板3上，大部分太阳光穿透透明盖板3后，一部分太阳光被内部传热工质吸收，另一部分被多孔吸热材料4吸收，传热工质通过对流的方式被不断加热，当达到既定温度要求时，温度较高的传热工质从出水管7流出，温度较低的传热工质从进水管6流入，以此不断循环进行加热。When the system is running, sunlight shines on the heliostat 8, and the heliostat 8 emits sunlight to the reflector 9, and the reflector 9 reflects the sunlight to the transparent cover 3, and most of the sunlight penetrates the transparent cover Behind the plate 3, part of the sunlight is absorbed by the internal heat transfer medium, and the other part is absorbed by the porous heat-absorbing material 4. The heat transfer medium is continuously heated by convection. When the predetermined temperature requirement is reached, the heat transfer medium with a higher temperature The working medium flows out from the water outlet pipe 7, and the heat transfer working medium with a lower temperature flows in from the water inlet pipe 6, thereby continuously circulating for heating.
综上所述，本发明结构简单，包括聚光装置1和容积式吸热器2，容积式吸热器2包括透光盖板3、多孔吸热材料4和保温框架5，聚光装置1包括定日镜8和反射镜9，透光盖板3设置在保温框架5的顶部，保温框架5一侧的下方设置有进水管6，同侧的上方设置有出水管7，多孔吸热材料4置于保温框架5的内部下方，定日镜8设置在容积式吸热器2的上方四周，反射镜9通过塔式支撑结构10设置在容积式吸热器2的正上方，定日镜8的镜面与反射镜9的镜面相配合，通过定日镜8和反射镜9的设置，对太阳光进行二次聚光反射，有效减少塔式支撑结构10的静荷载，同时，减少了室外管道的长度，大大降低了管道冻结的风险，通过将透光盖板3置于保温框架5的顶部，使得透光盖板3基本不承压，有效保障透光盖板3的使用寿命，同时，提高太阳光照的透光率，从而提高了吸热效率，通过多孔吸热材料4的设置，有助于实现内部流体的对流强化传热，有效实现内部传热工质的快速升温。In summary, the present invention has a simple structure and includes a light concentrating device 1 and a volumetric heat absorber 2. Including the heliostat 8 and the reflector 9, the light-transmitting cover plate 3 is arranged on the top of the heat preservation frame 5, the water inlet pipe 6 is arranged under one side of the heat preservation frame 5, and the water outlet pipe 7 is arranged above the same side, and the porous heat-absorbing material 4 placed under the inner part of the thermal insulation frame 5, the heliostat 8 is arranged around the top of the volumetric heat absorber 2, the reflector 9 is arranged directly above the volumetric heat absorber 2 through the tower support structure 10, and the heliostat The mirror surface of 8 cooperates with the mirror surface of reflector 9, through the setting of heliostat 8 and reflector 9, the sunlight is concentrated and reflected twice, effectively reducing the static load of tower support structure 10, and at the same time, reducing the outdoor load. The length of the pipeline greatly reduces the risk of pipeline freezing. By placing the transparent cover 3 on the top of the heat preservation frame 5, the transparent cover 3 is basically not under pressure, which effectively guarantees the service life of the transparent cover 3. At the same time , improve the light transmittance of sunlight, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency, through the setting of the porous heat-absorbing material 4, it is helpful to realize the convection and enhanced heat transfer of the internal fluid, and effectively realize the rapid temperature rise of the internal heat transfer working medium.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| CN112178947A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Tower type solar light-gathering and heat-absorbing system |
| CN113062835A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Wind-solar complementary driving intelligent anti-freezing system and method |
| CN114001464A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-01 | 广东石油化工学院 | Heat pipe type secondary reflection and condensation integrated tower type power generation system |
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