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CN108329558A - 一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN108329558A
CN108329558A CN201711478379.7A CN201711478379A CN108329558A CN 108329558 A CN108329558 A CN 108329558A CN 201711478379 A CN201711478379 A CN 201711478379A CN 108329558 A CN108329558 A CN 108329558A
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罗耀
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Zhejiang Three Gate Zhongxin Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及材料领域，公开一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法。制造原料包括POE、PE、增容剂、填料、硫化剂，将原料组分按照含量进行称取，混合后将所有组分加入密炼机进行搅拌密炼，再进入挤出设备挤出生胶，将生胶冷却转移后对表面进行电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到挤出片材。随着汽车行业对气味VOC的要求标准不断提高，传统以EVA基材的材料达不到标准，而PE无色无味，POE增强硫化，为此，我公司也做了大量试验，所以采用了POE、PE等材料，才选用目前生产片材的基料，达到车用气味及VOC的要求，并将片材与EVA为基材的片材对比，明显用PE、POE为基材的产品优于EVA为基材的特性，可以得知本发明得到的片材具有低气味、低VOC的特点。

Description

一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及材料领域，尤其涉及一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法。
背景技术
随着汽车行业对气味VOC的要求标准不断提高，传统以EVA基材的材料达不到标准，EVA称之为醋酸乙烯，生产材料主要是甲苯、乙烯、和醋酸乙烯共聚物合成，所以产生气味和甲苯残留物，导致气味及VOC一直达不到车企环保标准，而PE无色无味，POE增强硫化，为此，我公司也做了大量试验，所以采用了POE、PE等材料，才选用目前生产片材的基料，达到车用气味及VOC的要求，并将改进过的片材与EVA为基材的片材对比。明显用PE、POE为基材的产品优于EVA为基材的特性。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中产生气味和甲苯残留物的缺点，提供一种环保型挤出片材及其制造方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明通过下述技术方案得以解决：
一种环保型挤出片材，包括以下按质量份数计的组分：
10份POE
20份PE
1～2份增容剂
20～40份填料
1～3份硫化剂
POE是美国DuPont-Dow弹性体公司于1994年以乙烯、辛稀为原料，采用原位聚合工艺(INSITE)和限定几何构型催化技术(CGCT)制成并推出的新型聚烯烃弹性体材料。聚乙烯(PE)本身是一种结晶的材料，但由于分子链中辛烯或丁烯的介入破坏了部分聚乙烯的结晶，辛烯或丁烯链段与结晶被破坏的聚乙烯链段共同形成了弹性的软段，聚乙烯的结晶部分形成硬段，起着物理交联点的作用，使POE具有了弹性体的性质。二者混合制造的材料既有很好的弹性，减震降噪作用好，同时减少对环境的污染。
作为优选，增容剂为PE-g-MAH。PE-g-MAH为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，是通过化学反应的手段在聚乙烯分子链上接技数个马来酸酐分子，能使产品既具有聚乙烯的良好加工性和其它优异性能，又具有马来酸酐极性分子的可再反应性和强极性。加入PE-g-MAH增容剂后，可以使体系在保持较高水平韧性的同时，有效补偿模量的降低，使POE与PE更好地混合。
作为优选，填料为白炭黑。
作为优选，硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
一种环保型挤出片材的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按权利要求1的组分含量称取10份POE和20份PE，先添加质量份数1～2份中的四分之一的增容剂搅拌1～2min，在加入20～40份填料和1～3份硫化剂，再加入质量份数1～2份中的四分之三的增容剂，将所有组分加入密炼机进行密炼，密炼的同时对组分进行搅拌翻转得到混合物；
(2)在挤出设备的进料口投入单螺杆，将混合物添加至进料口，混合物通过螺杆的旋转进入设备；
(3)挤出生胶至已调好的厚度的挤出模头处，生胶的挤出温度为170℃～180℃；
(4)以挤出设备的三辊作为牵引，将生胶转移至流水线平台上，转移的同时进行冷却；
(5)对生胶进行表面电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到挤出片材。
分两次添加增容剂，第一次添加增容剂、POE、PE使混合更加均匀，以免初步放热影响增容剂的性质，第二次添加增容剂使POE和PE材质更好的混合。
作为优选，组分在密炼机内密炼的时间为6～7分钟，密炼机中密炼槽的槽底温度在180～200℃。由于PE的熔体温度在160～165℃，而POE的熔体温度在90℃左右，因此密炼加热的温度要高于165℃，生胶的挤出温度也要高于165℃，但是温度过高会造成原料的降解，影响产品的生成，因此控制密炼槽的槽底温度在180～200℃，生胶的挤出温度为170℃～180℃。
本发明由于采用了以上技术方案，具有显著的技术效果：所生产的片材达到车用气味及VOC的要求，并将改进过的片材与EVA为基材的片材对比，明显用PE、POE为基材的产品优于EVA为基材的特性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
一种环保型挤出片材，包括以下按质量份数计的组分：
10份POE
20份PE
1份PE-g-MAH
20份白炭黑
1份过氧化二异丙苯
实施例2
一种环保型挤出片材，包括以下按质量份数计的组分：
10份POE
20份PE
2份PE-g-MAH
40份白炭黑
3份过氧化二异丙苯
实施例3
一种环保型挤出片材，包括以下按质量份数计的组分：
10份POE
20份PE
1.5份PE-g-MAH
30份白炭黑
2份过氧化二异丙苯
实施例4
一种环保型挤出片材的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按实施例1的组分含量称取10份POE和20份PE，先添加质量份数0.4份的增容剂搅拌1min，在加入30份填料和2份硫化剂，再加入质量份数1.1份增容剂，将所有组分加入密炼机进行密炼，密炼的同时对组分进行搅拌翻转得到混合物将所有组分加入密炼机进行密炼，密炼的同时对组分进行搅拌翻转得到混合物；
(2)在挤出设备的进料口投入单螺杆，将混合物添加至进料口，混合物通过螺杆的旋转进入设备；
(3)挤出生胶至已调好的厚度的挤出模头处，生胶的挤出温度为170℃～180℃；
(4)以挤出设备的三辊作为牵引，将生胶转移至流水线平台上，转移的同时进行冷却；
(5)对生胶进行表面电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到第一挤出片材。
组分在密炼机内密炼的时间为6～7分钟，密炼机中密炼槽的槽底温度在180～200℃。
实施例5
与实施例4相同，不同之处在于按实施例2的组分含量称取组分，对生胶进行表面电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到第二挤出片材。
实施例6
与实施例4相同，不同之处在于按实施例3的组分含量称取组分。对生胶进行表面电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到第三挤出片材。
实施例7
将三种挤出片材、EVA片材经过采样和前处理步骤进行VOC物质的检测，采样、检测条件如下表：
表1挤出片材的采样测试条件数据表
Tenax-TA是基于2,6-二苯基呋喃(2,6-diphenylene oxide)的多孔型聚合物，用于提取空气、液体和固体吹扫产生的挥发性和半挥发性物质，美国EPA(环境保护局)和NIOSH已经将这种方式作为标准分析方法分析VOC组分，这种方法使用热解析或者吹扫捕集装置可以检测到ppb或者ppt级的挥发性有机物。由于其对于水的低亲和性，它更加适合用于从高水份中吹扫捕集易挥发性有机物甚至水中易挥发性有机物的分析。DNPH-Silica气体样品采集管利用衍生；DNPH(2,4-二硝基苯肼)与羰基化合物中的羰基专一性反应，生成的衍生物再经过色谱分离。该方法是使用最广泛、发展最成熟的方法，灵敏度高，能同时检测一系列的羰基化合物。美国环保局将该方法作为分析甲醛和其他羰基化合物的标准方法。至少有14种醛酮类有机组分可被检测，包括甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丙烯醛、丁醛、戊醛、异戊醛、己醛、苯甲醛、邻、间、对－甲基苯甲醛、2,5-二甲基苯甲醛、丙酮、丁酮、戊酮、环己酮、苯乙酮。
经以上步骤检测得到的三种挤出片材与空白组、EVA片材做对照，得到的VOC物质含量如下表所示：
表2挤出片材的VOC含量数据表
ND表示含量小于方法检出最低限值，苯系物检出限为0.01μg，醛酮组分的检出限为0.05μg。
由表中数据可知，除了挤出片材的甲苯含量相较于EVA片材的甲苯较高之外，其它VOC数据远低于EVA片材，VOC总量EVA片材约为实施例片材的四倍，且EVA片材的甲醛、乙醛的含量约实施例片材的二十倍，可见实施例的片材有低VOC、低气味的特点。增容剂、填料、硫化剂的量的曾家会使VOC含量增加。
实施例8
将三种挤出片材进行性能的测定，测定结果如下表：
表3挤出片材的性能数据表
总之，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所作的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明专利的涵盖范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种环保型挤出片材，其特征在于，包括以下按质量份数计的组分：
10份POE
20份PE
1～2份增容剂
20～40份填料
1～3份硫化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保型挤出片材，其特征在于：增容剂为PE-g-MAH。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种环保型挤出片材，其特征在于：填料为白炭黑。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种环保型挤出片材，其特征在于：硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
5.一种环保型挤出片材的制作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)按权利要求4的组分含量称取10份POE和20份PE，先添加质量份数1～2份中的四分之一的增容剂搅拌1～2min，在加入20～40份填料和1～3份硫化剂，在加入质量份数1～2份中的四分之三的增容剂，将所有组分加入密炼机进行密炼，密炼的同时对组分进行搅拌翻转得到混合物；
(2)在挤出设备的进料口投入单螺杆，将混合物添加至进料口，混合物通过螺杆的旋转进入设备；
(3)挤出生胶至已调好厚度的挤出模头处，生胶的挤出温度为170℃～180℃；
(4)以挤出设备的三辊作为牵引，将生胶转移至流水线平台上，转移的同时进行冷却；
(5)对生胶进行表面电晕处理后剪切成所需尺寸得到挤出片材。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种环保型挤出片材的制作方法，其特征在于：组分在密炼机内密炼的时间为6～7分钟，密炼机中密炼槽的槽底温度在180～200℃。
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