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CN108323090A - A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application - Google Patents

A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108323090A
CN108323090A CN201710026832.4A CN201710026832A CN108323090A CN 108323090 A CN108323090 A CN 108323090A CN 201710026832 A CN201710026832 A CN 201710026832A CN 108323090 A CN108323090 A CN 108323090A
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China
Prior art keywords
radiator
conductive pad
heat conductive
contact surface
heat
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Pending
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CN201710026832.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭瑜
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201710026832.4A priority Critical patent/CN108323090A/en
Publication of CN108323090A publication Critical patent/CN108323090A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/205Heat-dissipating body thermally connected to heat generating element via thermal paths through printed circuit board [PCB]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides it is a kind of radiator and heat conductive pad and electronic building brick are assembled when reducing the method for heat conductive pad compression stress.The surface contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad has the first contact surface just faced with corresponding electronic device upper surface, and at least one with the inclined face of the first contact surface or the groove at least one central part from contact area to edge or the material for being attached with low-surface-energy.When the radiator with this feature generates compression to heat conductive pad, the transverse movement of heat conduction cushion material can be promoted and to extending outside contact area, therefore reduce the compression stress that heat conductive pad generates.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application
Technical field
It is applied to heat conductive pad the present invention relates to a kind of device for for dissipation from electronic devices and by the radiator When contribute to reduce heat conductive pad compression stress method.
Background technology
With the increase of power consumption, more and more electronic devices, especially big power dissipating chip, such as power tube, CPU, FPGA Deng being distributed in the application using radiator to enhance its heat.It is commonly applied with certain between electronic device and radiator Boundary material, to reduce thermal resistance therebetween, heat conductive pad is the boundary material that one of which is widely used.Compared to other types Boundary material, for example thermal grease conduction or phase change material film, there is heat conductive pad compressibility, this characteristic to make heat conductive pad can To overcome the component mutually assembled with it(Radiator and electronic device)Between spacing tolerance.In certain electronic devices and heat dissipation Device is because cannot be guaranteed the occasion being bonded just short transverse is there are tolerance(It is multiple electronics devices for example to use a radiator Part radiate the case where, because there are height tolerances for each electronic device, and the spreader surface contacted with electronic device there is also Flatness tolerance so that radiator cannot be guaranteed and each electronic device exactly in contact with), it is using heat conductive pad as boundary material One selection well, can be public by machinery existing for the distance between the compression of heat conductive pad counteracting electronic device to radiator Difference, to ensure to form good heat passage between electronic device to radiator.
In the selection of heat conductive pad usually will there are two aspect the considerations of, when control its thermal conduction resistance, second is that controlling it Compression stress.In the application of heat conductive pad, the electronic device of radiator and fever can be lined with heat conduction certain compression, so heat conduction Pad and heating device and radiator are in close contact, to which the heat that electronic device generates can be transmitted to heat dissipation via heat conductive pad Device and dissipate, used heat conductive pad is thinner, and thermal resistance is smaller, more advantageously reduces the temperature of heating device.But from control The angle of tolerance processed will overcome identical mechanical tolerance, and used heat conductive pad is thinner, bigger to the compression ratio of heat conductive pad, Big compression ratio will produce big compression stress.The compression stress that heat conductive pad generates can react on electronic device and printing simultaneously Circuit board(PCB)On, and excessive pressure can cause printed circuit board deformation excessive, the fracture of electronic device soldered ball or even electronics , there is prodigious harm in the problems such as device fragmentation to heating device and entire electronic equipment.So this in heat conductive pad application The considerations of two aspects, control thermal conduction resistance and control compression stress, are conflicting, it is common practice to sacrifice a side The performance (for example thermal conduction resistance) in face come meet on the other hand(For example compression stress)Requirement.
Fig. 1 show typical radiator in the prior art and its assembly with heat conductive pad and electronic building brick.It is printed at one Circuit board processed(PCB)There are one on 10(Can be multiple in practical applications)Electronic device 20, radiator 30 are designed to electricity The enhancing heat dissipation of sub- device 20.Due to the presence of mechanical tolerance, it cannot be guaranteed that the following table of the upper surface 201 and radiator of electronic device 301 energy exactly in contact with of face, so can be on two surfaces in fansink designs(201,301)Between stay there are one gap d, namely In radiator, there is mechanical tolerances with PCB assembly time gaps d.The application of heat conductive pad 40 fills the gap d, while by leading Heat pad 40 is compressed to offset the mechanical tolerance of gap d.In the prior art, the spreader surface 301 contacted with heat conductive pad 40 A typically plane, corresponding electronic device upper surface 201 are also plane, and such heat conductive pad 40 is flat by two When face 201,301 is compressed, stress is not readily available release, therefore will produce high compression stress.Because of electronic device 20 and PCB 10 have the maximum limitation for bearing pressure, are typically to increase the thickness of gap d, thus need to select thicker in existing application Heat conductive pad, to control its compression ratio, to ensure the compression stress of heat conductive pad and exist to the reaction force of heating device and PCB In one suitable range.But thick heat conductive pad brings the thermal resistance of bigger, is unfavorable for the control of electronic device temperature.
Heat conductive pad will produce compression stress when compressed and its harm brought has been subjected to widely recognizing, and Also some methods for reducing this compression stress are produced.Fig. 2 show one kind and is subtracted by doing multiple notch on heat conductive pad The method of small heat conductive pad compression stress.When heat conductive pad shown in figure with notch is compressed, the heat conduction mat material around notch Expect to incision transverse direction(The direction vertical with pressure)Extension, and then discharge partial shrinkage stress.But heat conductive pad is A kind of material of softness, on it increase notch make it be particularly easy to deform, this considerably increases heat conductive pad in production by The difficulty of operation.Therefore this method is seldom used in practical applications.
Patent document CN 104350592A disclose a kind of region manufacture cavity contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad It reduces it and includes the compression stress that is generated to heat conductive pad when the component of heat conductive pad assembles.When with the invention radiator and Electronic unit from two side compression heat conductive pads when, heat conduction cushion material can extend into cavity, and the compression to reduce heat conductive pad is answered Power.However the shortcomings that invention is cavity described in it is completely in the coverage area of heat conductive pad, when the heat dissipation with the invention Easily being retained when device compresses heat conductive pad, in cavity has a certain amount of air, will produce additional thermal conduction resistance.In addition, the invention To the reduction power limitations of heat conductive pad compression stress in cavity to the containment of neighbouring heat conduction cushion material, overall improvement ability has Limit.
Invention content
Heat conductive pad is a kind of preforming solid material.It is usually using silicon rubber as base material, and inside filling is with high-termal conductivity The granular materials of energy, such as alumina particle, boron nitride particle or metallic particles.Heat conductive pad material is soft, when applying with pressure, It can be compressed.When heat conductive pad is compressed, material can be to transverse direction(Direction i.e. vertical with pressure)And it is longitudinal(I.e. The direction parallel with pressure)Movement.The movement of material longitudinal direction makes heat conductive pad become more closely knit, is answered to generate compression Power, and lateral movement so that material extends outward or to the small region of compressing force, to discharge partial shrinkage stress, It is to be utilized to promote heat conduction cushion material lateral to increase notch on heat conductive pad in the prior art in the method for reducing compression stress The principle of movement reduces compression stress.
Heat conductive pad compression is reduced when radiator is assembled with heat conductive pad and electronic building brick the present invention provides one kind to answer The method of power, i.e., the face contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad manufacture some features, as the attachment of inclined-plane, groove or surface is low The material of surface energy promotes heat conduction cushion material when compressed to lateral movement, and reduces its compression stress in turn with this.
It is proposed, according to the invention, that contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad region tool there are one assembly when and corresponding electronics The first contact surface and inclined second contact surface of at least one and the first contact surface that the upper surface of device is just facing, second Contact surface is characterized as being higher than edge close to central part in contact area.When radiator and heat conductive pad with this feature And when electronic building brick assembly, the upper surface of the second contact surface and electronic device is at a wedge shape, and the wedge-type shape is close to interior zone It is narrow and close to marginal zone field width, be conducive to heat conductive pad when being pressurized to extending outside contact area.
It is proposed, according to the invention, that contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad region tool there are one assembly when and corresponding electronics The direction of the first contact surface and at least one groove that the upper surface of device is just facing, groove is from radiator contact area Central part to edge, one end is located at the middle section of radiator and heat conductive pad contact zone, and the other end will extend to or Extend the contact area edge of radiator and heat conductive pad.Groove be conducive to neighbouring heat conductive pad be pressurized when material insertion and to Extension outside contact area.
It is proposed, according to the invention, that contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad region tool there are one assembly when and corresponding electronics The first contact surface that the upper surface of device is just facing, and be attached on a heat sink compared with radiator sheet with the contact surface of heat conductive pad The low material of body material surface energy, can be graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), wax etc., and the material of low-surface-energy has low friction system Number can reduce heat conductive pad in the abducent resistance that is pressurized.
It is proposed, according to the invention, that the region contacted on a heat sink with heat conductive pad can have simultaneously assembly when and accordingly The first contact surface that the upper surface of electronic device is just facing, it is at least one with inclined second contact surface of the first contact surface, at least One groove or it is attached with low-surface-energy material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that radiator is assembled with heat conductive pad and electronic building brick in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the prior art increases notch in heat conductive pad.
Fig. 3 is the radiator schematic diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the radiator and heat conductive pad and electronic building brick assembling schematic diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the radiator schematic diagram according to the contactless area's protruding parts of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the radiator schematic diagram according to second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the radiator schematic diagram according to third embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The radiator of the present invention has on the surface that it is contacted with heat conductive pad is conducive to heat conductive pad expansion around when compressed The feature of exhibition, this feature can be inclined-plane, groove, the material or combination thereof for adhering to low-surface-energy.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of first embodiment according to the present invention.Surface 301,302 as shown in the figure be radiator with The contact surface of heat conductive pad, wherein surface 301 are the first contact surface, are filled when by the radiator of the present invention and heat conductive pad and electronic device After matching, the surface that the first contact surface 301 will just face electronic device and be contacted with heat conductive pad, the second contact surface 302 favours The composition of one contact surface 301, the second contact surface 302 can be plane or curved surface, and the second contact surface is in the center of contact area Position is higher than edge, and 4 the second contact surfaces being made of plane are shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 shows the section schematic diagram that the radiator using the first embodiment is assembled with heat conductive pad and electronic building brick, There are fever electronic device 20, radiator 30 to be designed as improving the heat dissipation of electronic device 20, heat conduction on the PCB 10 of one electronic building brick Pad 40 is applied between electronic device 20 and radiator 30.301 and 302 be respectively first contacting of being contacted with heat conductive pad of radiator Face and the second contact surface, 201 be the upper surface of electronic device, the i.e. contact surface of electronic device and heat conductive pad.It dissipates as seen from Figure 4 First contact surface 301 of hot device is just facing the contact surface 201 of electronic device and heat conductive pad, and the second contact surface of radiator 302 with 201 wedgewise of contact surface of electronic device and heat conductive pad, it is narrow close to the central part of contact area and close to edge It is wide.When heat conductive pad is by two surfaces of both sides wedgewise(301、201)When compression, the material of heat conductive pad is easier to expand to outside Exhibition, thereby reduces the compression stress of heat conductive pad.In addition, using the radiator of the present embodiment can be designed as with heat conductive pad and Electronic building brick makes the first contact surface 301 closer to the upper surface 201 of electronic device when assembling, so corresponding on heat conductive pad 40 The region of the first contact surface of radiator 301 to electronic device 20 have smaller thermal resistance, and the first contact surface of radiator 301 pair The region on the electronic device surface answered(Middle section)The typically highest region of electronic device surface temperature, namely heat transfer most have The region of effect, therefore radiator using the present invention can also improve the heat transfer from electronic device to radiator.
It should be noted that in one embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3, the contact of the first contact surface 301 and second Face 302 is built upon on the position 305 outstanding of radiator bottom one, but 305 be not the present invention necessary condition.Fig. 5 shows Go out using the invention first embodiment and without the realization method of protruding parts 305 shown in Fig. 3, the as seen from Figure 5 implementation The first contact surface 301 is overlapped with the lower surface 306 of radiator in example, and the second contact surface 302 has cut radiator lower surface 306 Inside, in the realization method, the first contact surface 301 and 302 occupied area of the second contact surface are not less than the heat conduction contacted The area of pad or top surface area not less than corresponding electronic device.
Fig. 6 shows schematic diagram according to the second embodiment of the present invention.The table contacted with heat conductive pad on radiator 30 Bread contains the first contact surface 301, and one or more groove 303, when by the radiator of the present invention and heat conductive pad and electronics device After part assembly, the first contact surface 301 will just face the upper surface of electronic device, i.e., the table that electronic device is contacted with heat conductive pad The direction in face, groove 303 is from the central part of radiator and heat conductive pad contact area to edge, i.e. one end is located at radiator With the central part of heat conductive pad contact zone, and the other end will extend to or extend the contact area of radiator and heat conductive pad.Ditch The cross sectional shape of slot can be semicircle or polygon etc., can also have rounding around the corner for the section of polygon Angle, those of ordinary skill should be appreciated that meeting for any cross sectional shape that can be manufactured in the contact area of radiator and heat conductive pad The groove of feature of present invention is all within the scope of the present invention.When radiator and heat conductive pad with the second embodiment feature And electronic device, when being assembled, the heat conduction cushion material close to groove can extend into groove and reduce partial shrinkage stress, together Shi Yin has broader section at groove, it is also conducive to lateral expansion of the heat conduction cushion material to contact area, and further subtracts The compression stress of small heat conductive pad.It is identical as the first embodiment of the present invention, in the schematic diagram of second embodiment shown in Fig. 6, First contact surface 301 and groove 303 are all built in a protruding parts 305, but the protruding parts 305 are not equally this implementation The necessary condition of example, those skilled in the art are appreciated that the technology that the present embodiment is described can not have at one easily It is realized on the radiator for having the boss position.
Fig. 7 shows schematic diagram according to the third embodiment of the invention.The table contacted with heat conductive pad on radiator 30 Face, i.e., the first contact surface 301 as shown in the figure have compared with the lower material of radiator body material surface energy, such as graphite, polytetrafluoro Ethylene, wax etc..The material of low-surface-energy has low coefficient of friction.When heat conductive pad is compressed by radiator, part heat conductive pad Material can transverse movement and to extending outside constricted zone, during extension, heat conductive pad surface and spreader surface can produce Raw friction, attachment is than radiator body material on the contact surface of radiator(Usually copper, aluminium alloy)The lower material of surface energy Material can reduce frictional force between heat conductive pad and radiator, be more advantageous to the extension of heat conductive pad, to reduce heat conductive pad by Compression stress when being compressed to radiator.The 3rd embodiment identical, shown in Fig. 6 as the first and second embodiments of the present invention Schematic diagram in, the low-surface-energy material of the first contact surface 301 and attachment is all built in a protruding parts 305, but this is prominent It is not the necessary condition of the present embodiment to go out position 305 equally, and those skilled in the art is appreciated that the skill that the present embodiment is described Art can be realized easily at one on the radiator without the protruding parts.
Three embodiments described above respectively describe by the surface manufacture inclined-plane that contact on a heat sink with heat conductive pad, Manufacture groove and the measure for adhering to low-surface-energy material enhance the extension of heat conductive pad to the periphery when being compressed by radiator Property, and then reduce compression stress, but embodiments described above is not the whole embodiments of the present invention, according to the present invention Spirit and principle made by it is any modify or improve, typically on a radiator simultaneously there is three above embodiment Two kinds in described technology or three kinds, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Radiator is to improve a kind of device of heat dissipation to increase heat dissipation area, and the common material for manufacturing radiator is copper Or aluminium alloy.It is only exemplary in the heat radiator structure and shape shown in the accompanying drawings with substrate and fin of the present invention, It should not generate limitation to the design scheme of the present invention, and the radiator in practical application can have more shapes, for example one Metal plate, or the shell of installation electronic building brick all belong to radiator model when it is applied to improve dissipation from electronic devices Farmland.
The embodiment of the present invention illustrate only a radiator and a matched situation of electronic device, but according to this The spirit and principle of invention, it is equally applicable to the situation of a radiator and the cooperation of multiple electronic devices.
The present invention can reduce heat conductive pad generated stress when by radiator and electronic device compression, to reduce Electronic device and PCB are risk of damage to, or can also select thinner heat conductive pad in the application, to improve electronic device Heat dissipation performance.
The present invention is to the cost impact very little of radiator, the technology as described in one embodiment and second embodiment Realization can be synchronized during die casting radiator, do not increase extra cost.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of radiator for for electronic building brick heat dissipation includes the electronics device of one or more fevers on electronic building brick Part is applied with heat conductive pad between electronic device and radiator,
It is characterized in that
The surface with heat conductive pad contact has at least one first contact surface and corresponding electronic device and heat conduction on a heat sink The contact surface of pad just faces, and radiator in the region contacted with heat conductive pad there is at least one and the first contact surface to tilt The second contact surface or groove at least one central part from contact area to edge, or be attached with low table The material of face energy.
2. radiator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second contact surface is by plane or curved surface structure At.
3. radiator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that central part of second contact surface in contact area It is higher by edge.
4. radiator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described groove one end is located at the central portion of contact area Position, the other end extend to the edge or outside of contact zone.
5. radiator according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the cross sectional shape of the groove is semicircle or polygon Shape.
6. radiator according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the polygonal cross-section has rounding angle.
7. radiator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the low-surface-energy is graphite, polytetrafluoroethyl-ne One kind among alkene, wax.
8. radiator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radiator can have simultaneously the first contact surface, It is one or more in second contact surface, groove, the attachment several features of low-surface-energy material.
9. according to the radiator described in claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the radiator is the form with fin, tablet Form or shell for electronic building brick.
10. a kind of electronic equipment, which is characterized in that have radiator according to any one of claim 1 to 9.
CN201710026832.4A 2017-01-14 2017-01-14 A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application Pending CN108323090A (en)

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CN201710026832.4A CN108323090A (en) 2017-01-14 2017-01-14 A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application

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CN201710026832.4A CN108323090A (en) 2017-01-14 2017-01-14 A kind of method and apparatus reducing compression stress in heat conductive pad application

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114946279A (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-08-26 美光科技公司 Temperature Control Components for Electronic Systems
CN116723666A (en) * 2022-09-15 2023-09-08 荣耀终端有限公司 A thermal pad and its production method, heat dissipation module and electronic equipment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11163231A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor device with heat sink
CN1321337A (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-11-07 索尼电脑娱乐公司 Heat sink including heat receiving surface with protruding portion
CN1748011A (en) * 2002-12-19 2006-03-15 3M创新有限公司 Flexible heat sink
CN103404248A (en) * 2012-11-13 2013-11-20 华为技术有限公司 Radiator and radiating system
CN104350592A (en) * 2012-02-09 2015-02-11 诺基亚通信公司 Method and apparatus for reducing the mechanical stress when mounting assemblies with thermal pads
WO2016170777A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 日本電気株式会社 Heat dissipation mechanism and device provided with same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11163231A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor device with heat sink
CN1321337A (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-11-07 索尼电脑娱乐公司 Heat sink including heat receiving surface with protruding portion
CN1748011A (en) * 2002-12-19 2006-03-15 3M创新有限公司 Flexible heat sink
CN104350592A (en) * 2012-02-09 2015-02-11 诺基亚通信公司 Method and apparatus for reducing the mechanical stress when mounting assemblies with thermal pads
CN103404248A (en) * 2012-11-13 2013-11-20 华为技术有限公司 Radiator and radiating system
WO2016170777A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 日本電気株式会社 Heat dissipation mechanism and device provided with same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114946279A (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-08-26 美光科技公司 Temperature Control Components for Electronic Systems
CN116723666A (en) * 2022-09-15 2023-09-08 荣耀终端有限公司 A thermal pad and its production method, heat dissipation module and electronic equipment
CN116723666B (en) * 2022-09-15 2024-04-12 荣耀终端有限公司 Thermal conductive pad and manufacturing method thereof, heat dissipation module, and electronic equipment

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