CN108321524B - Antenna assembly, electronic equipment and antenna switching method - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose an antenna assembly, an electronic device, and an antenna switching method, wherein the antenna assembly includes a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, and a third antenna structure, wherein the third antenna structure serves as a main set antenna, the first antenna structure is used as a diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure is in an idle state; a radio frequency module, the radio frequency module is respectively coupled with the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure through a switch assembly; The switch component is configured to use one of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure as the main set antenna according to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure. The other is to switch the third antenna structure to a diversity antenna as an idle state. The antenna performance of electronic equipment can be improved.

Description

Antenna assembly, electronic device and antenna switching method

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular, to an antenna assembly, an electronic device, and an antenna switching method.

Background technique

With the development of network technology and the improvement of the degree of intelligence of electronic devices, users can realize more and more functions through electronic devices, such as calling, chatting, and playing games. Wherein, the user realizes signal transmission through the antenna of the electronic device in the process of using the electronic device to talk or chat.

During a user's use of the electronic device, the electronic device may be in different postures in different usage states. For example, the electronic device may be in a portrait screen state or a landscape screen state, or the left side of the electronic device is held by the user, or the right side of the electronic device is held by the user. When the electronic device is in different postures, the antenna on the electronic device may be located at the position held by the user. The antenna performance of the electronic device results when the antenna on the electronic device is in a held position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna assembly, an electronic device, and an antenna switching method, which can improve the antenna performance of the electronic device

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, including:

a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, and a third antenna structure, wherein the third antenna structure serves as a main set antenna, the first antenna structure serves as a diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure is in an idle state;

a radio frequency module, wherein the radio frequency module is respectively coupled with the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure through a switch assembly;

The switch component is configured to use one of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure as the main set antenna according to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure. The other is to switch the third antenna structure to a diversity antenna as an idle state.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a casing and an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly is installed in the casing, and the antenna assembly is the above-mentioned antenna assembly.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna switching method, which is applied to an electronic device, where the electronic device includes an antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly includes a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, and a third antenna structure , a radio frequency module and a switch assembly, the third antenna structure is used as a main antenna, the first antenna structure is used as a diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure is in an idle state; the antenna switching method includes:

acquiring signal qualities of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure;

According to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, the switch component is controlled to use one of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure as the main set antenna, the other as an idle state, and the switch component is controlled to switch the third antenna structure to a diversity antenna.

The antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application can detect the signal quality of each antenna structure in the electronic device. When the signal quality of the antenna structure performing the main antenna function is lower than the signal quality of other antenna structures, the antenna assembly performing the main antenna The antenna structure for the antenna function and the antenna structure for performing the diversity antenna function are switched to reduce or avoid the influence of the user on the communication performance of the electronic device, so that the antenna performance of the electronic device can be improved.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the switch assembly in the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the switch assembly in the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of an antenna switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 13 is another schematic flowchart of an antenna switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " rear, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc., or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements relation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not directly but through additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the application. Furthermore, this application may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in different instances for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, this application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. The electronic device may be a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like. In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 1 and 3 , the electronic device 100 includes a display screen 10 , a middle frame 20 , a circuit board 30 , a battery 40 and a back cover 50 .

The display screen 10 is installed on the back cover 50 to form a display surface of the electronic device 100 . The display screen 10 serves as a front case of the electronic device 100 , and forms a receiving space with the rear cover 50 for accommodating other electronic components or functional components of the electronic device 100 . Meanwhile, the display screen 10 forms a display surface of the electronic device 100 for displaying information such as images and texts. The display screen 10 may be a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) or an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) type display screen.

In some embodiments, a glass cover plate may be provided on the display screen 10 . The glass cover can cover the display screen 10 to protect the display screen 10 and prevent the display screen 10 from being scratched or damaged by water.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the display screen 10 may include a display area 11 and a non-display area 12 . Among them, the display area 11 performs the display function of the display screen 10 for displaying information such as images and texts. The non-display area 12 does not display information. The non-display area 12 can be used to set functional components such as cameras, receivers, and touch electrodes on the display screen. In some embodiments, the non-display area 12 may include two areas located at the upper and lower parts of the display area 11 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the display screen 10 may be a full screen. At this time, the display screen 10 can display information in a full screen, so that the electronic device 100 has a larger screen ratio. The display screen 10 includes only the display area 11 and does not include the non-display area. At this time, functional components such as a camera and a proximity sensor in the electronic device 100 can be hidden under the display screen 10 , and the fingerprint recognition module of the electronic device 100 can be arranged on the back of the electronic device 100 .

The middle frame 20 may be a thin plate-like or sheet-like structure, and may also be a hollow frame structure. The middle frame 20 can be accommodated in the accommodation space formed by the display screen 10 and the rear cover 50 . The middle frame 20 is used to provide support for the electronic components or functional components in the electronic device 100 , so as to mount the electronic components and functional components in the electronic device together. For example, functional components such as cameras, receivers, circuit boards, and batteries in the electronic equipment can be mounted on the middle frame 20 for fixing. In some embodiments, the material of the middle frame 20 may include metal or plastic.

The circuit board 30 is installed inside the above-mentioned accommodating space. For example, the circuit board 30 can be mounted on the middle frame 20 and accommodated in the above-mentioned receiving space together with the middle frame 20 . The circuit board 30 may be the main board of the electronic device 100 . A grounding point is provided on the circuit board 30 to realize the grounding of the circuit board 30 . The circuit board 30 may be integrated with one or two of functional components such as a motor, a microphone, a speaker, a receiver, an earphone interface, a universal serial bus interface (USB interface), a camera, a distance sensor, an ambient light sensor, a gyroscope, and a processor. one or more. Meanwhile, the display screen 10 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 30 .

In some embodiments, a display control circuit is provided on the circuit board 30 . The display control circuit outputs electrical signals to the display screen 10 to control the display screen 10 to display information.

The battery 40 is installed inside the above-mentioned accommodation space. For example, the battery 40 may be installed on the middle frame 20 and housed in the above-mentioned storage space together with the middle frame 20 . The battery 40 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 30 to enable the battery 40 to power the electronic device 100 . Wherein, the circuit board 30 may be provided with a power management circuit. The power management circuit is used to distribute the voltage provided by the battery 40 to the various electronic components in the electronic device 100 .

The back cover 50 is used to form the outer contour of the electronic device 100 . The rear cover 50 may be integrally formed. During the molding process of the back cover 50 , structures such as a rear camera hole, a fingerprint identification module mounting hole and the like may be formed on the back cover 50 .

In some embodiments, the back cover 50 may be a metal back cover, such as magnesium alloy, stainless steel and other metals. It should be noted that the material of the back cover 50 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this, and other methods may also be used. For example, the back cover 50 may be a plastic back cover, and for example, the back cover 50 may be a ceramic back cover. For another example, the back cover 50 may include a plastic part and a metal part, and the back cover 50 may be a back cover structure in which metal and plastic cooperate with each other. Specifically, the metal part can be formed first, for example, a magnesium alloy substrate is formed by injection molding, and plastic is then injected on the magnesium alloy substrate to form a plastic substrate to form a complete back cover structure.

In some embodiments, an antenna structure may be formed on the middle frame 20 . Antenna structures may be used to transmit and/or receive wireless signals. Electronic components such as radio frequency modules and switch components may be arranged on the circuit board 30 . At this time, the antenna structure formed on the middle frame 20 and the electronic components provided on the circuit board 30 can form an antenna assembly.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly 70 . The antenna assembly 70 includes a radio frequency module 71 , a switch assembly 72 and at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C. The radio frequency module 71 is coupled to the three antenna structures 73A, 73B and 73C respectively through the switch assembly 72 . In some embodiments, the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C may be antenna radiators.

It should be noted that any one of the three antenna structures 73A, 73B and 73C can be used as the first antenna structure, any other one can be used as the second antenna structure, and the remaining one can be used as the third antenna structure. For example, the antenna structure 73A can be used as the first antenna structure, the antenna structure 73B can be used as the second antenna structure, and the antenna structure 73C can be used as the third antenna structure. The first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure are only used to distinguish different antenna structures, and are not used to limit the specific positions of the antenna structures.

The radio frequency module 71 may be disposed on the circuit board 30 of the electronic device 100 . The radio frequency module 71 includes a first port 711 and a second port 712 . The first port 711 is used for transmitting and receiving signals, and the second port 712 is used for receiving signals.

For example, the first port 711 may be used to transmit and receive at least one of a low frequency radio frequency signal (Low Band, LB), an intermediate frequency radio frequency signal (Middle Band, MB), and a high frequency radio frequency signal (High Band, HB). The second port 712 may be used to receive at least one signal of LB, MB, HB.

At least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C are used to transmit and/or receive signals, respectively. Wherein, each of the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C can independently transmit and/or receive signals.

It should be noted that the antennas in the electronic device 100 can be divided into main antennas and diversity antennas. Among them, the main antenna is used for transmitting and receiving signals at the same time, and the diversity antenna is only used for receiving signals. The at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C can be used as both the main antenna structure of the electronic device 100 and the diversity antenna structure of the electronic device 100 . The actual functions of the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C can be set according to requirements.

Among them, the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C have initial states. In the initial state, the third antenna structure 73C is the main antenna, the first antenna structure 73A is the diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure 73B is the idle state.

The switch component 72 is used to switch the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B to the main antenna according to the detected signal quality of the three antenna structures 73A, 73B and 73C, and switch the third antenna structure 73C to the diversity antenna antenna.

The switch assembly 72 is coupled to the first port 711 , the second port 712 of the radio frequency module 71 and the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C, respectively. The switch assembly 72 is configured to control the first port 711 of the radio frequency module 71 to switch on one of the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C according to the detected signal qualities of the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C, and The second port 712 of the control radio module 71 is connected to another antenna structure among the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C. For example, in some embodiments, the switch component 72 is configured to control the first port 711 of the radio frequency module 71 to switch on the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna according to the detected signal qualities of the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C The structure 73B, and the second port 712 of the control radio module 71 are connected to the third antenna structure 73C.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned coupling only represents the physical connection state between electronic components, and does not represent that the electronic components coupled to each other are in an electrically connected state. The above-mentioned connection refers to the electrical connection state between the electronic components, and the transmission of electrical signals can be realized between the electronic components that are connected to each other.

Since the first port 711 of the radio frequency module 71 is used for transmitting and receiving signals, when the first port 711 is connected to one of the antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C, for example, the antenna structure 73B is connected, the connected antenna structure 73B The antenna structure 73B that performs the transmission and reception of signals, that is, the turned-on antenna structure 73B serves as the main set of antenna structures of the electronic device 100 .

Since the second port 712 of the radio frequency module 71 is used for receiving signals, when the second port 712 is connected to another antenna structure 73A, 73B, 73C, for example, the antenna structure 73C is connected, the other antenna structure 73C is connected The reception of the signal, that is, the turned-on antenna structure 73C is performed as the diversity antenna structure of the electronic device 100 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the switch assembly 72 includes a first input port 721 , a second input port 722 , a first output port 723 , a second output port 724 and a third output port 725 . The first input port 721 is coupled to the first port 711 of the radio frequency module 71 . The second input port 722 is coupled to the second port 712 of the radio frequency module 71 , and the first output port 723 is coupled to the third antenna structure 73C. The second output port 724 is coupled with the first antenna structure 73A. The third output port 725 is coupled with the second antenna structure 73B.

The first input port 721 can be connected to any one of the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 . The second input port 722 can also be connected to any one of the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 .

In practical applications, when the first input port 721 is connected to an output port among the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 , the second input port 722 is connected to another input port port.

For example, when the first input port 721 is connected to the first output port 723, the second input port 722 is connected to the second output port 724 or the third output port 725. Therefore, it can be avoided that the first input port 721 and the second input port 722 are connected to the same output port.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , the switch assembly 72 includes a double-pole, multi-throw switch. For example, switch assembly 72 may be a double-pole, three-throw switch. The first input port 721 and the second input port 722 are the input terminals of the double-pole multi-throw switch, and the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 are the output terminals of the double-pole multi-throw switch. The first input port 721 and the second input port 722 can be connected to any one of the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the switch assembly 72 includes a first SPMT switch 72A and a second SPMT switch 72B. For example, the first SPMT switch 72A and the second SPMT switch 72B are both SPMT switches. The first input port 721 and the second input port 722 are respectively the input end of the first SPMT switch 72A and the input end of the second SPMT switch 72B. The first output port 723, the second output port 724, and the third output port 725 include the output end of the first SPMT switch 72A and the output end of the second SPMT switch 72B.

For example, each output terminal of the first SPMT switch 72A may be respectively connected with one output terminal of the second SPMT switch 72B to form a first output port 723, a second output port 724, and a third output port 725, respectively. .

In some embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a fourth antenna structure capable of transceiving global positioning system signals and/or short-range communication signals. Such as sending and receiving GPS (Global Positioning System, global positioning system), WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) 2.4G/5G signals. It should be noted that the fourth antenna structure is not limited to sending and receiving GPS, WIFI2.4G/5G signals, and can also send and receive other signals, such as Bluetooth signals.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 7, the antenna assembly 70 further includes a Wi-Fi module 74 and a fourth antenna structure 73D.

The Wi-Fi module 74 includes a third port 741 and a fourth port 742 . The third port 741 is used for transmitting and receiving wireless fidelity signals (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi). The fourth port 742 is also used to transmit and receive Wi-Fi signals.

The WiFi signals transmitted and received by the third port 741 include signals with frequencies of 2.4GHz and 5GHz. The WiFi signals transmitted and received by the fourth port 742 also include signals with frequencies of 2.4GHz and 5GHz.

The fourth antenna structure 73D is used to transmit and receive Wi-Fi signals. The fourth antenna structure 73D is coupled to the third port 741 of the Wi-Fi module 74 .

The switch assembly 72 is also coupled to the fourth port 742 of the Wi-Fi module 74 . The switch component 72 is used to control the fourth port 742 of the Wi-Fi module 74 to switch on the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B or the third antenna structure 73C.

When the fourth port 742 of the Wi-Fi module 74 turns on one of the antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C, the turned on antenna structure performs the WiFi signal transmission and reception functions of the electronic device 100 . Therefore, the fourth antenna structure 73D serves as the WiFi master antenna of the electronic device 100 , and the connected antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C serve as the WiFi opportunity diversity antenna of the electronic device 100 . Realize the dual-transmit and dual-receive function of WIFI signal.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 , the switch assembly 72 also includes a third input port 726 . The third input port 726 is coupled to the fourth port 742 of the Wi-Fi module 74 . The third input port 726 can be connected to any one of the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 , and the third output port 725 .

In some embodiments, the fourth port 742 of the Wi-Fi module 74 is coupled with the first input 721 of the switch assembly.

During short-distance communication, the Wi-Fi module 74 uses the fourth antenna structure 73D to transmit and receive signals. In some embodiments, during short-distance communication such as WIFI communication, the radio frequency module 71 does not use a communication antenna, that is, the radio frequency module 71 does not use the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C as the main antenna or diversity antenna, and the wireless fidelity module 74 Utilize one of the first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B, and the third antenna structure 73C as the opportunity diversity antenna of the wireless fidelity module 74, and form a dual-transmit and dual-receive antenna system with the fourth antenna structure 73D to increase antenna performance . Specifically, the Wi-Fi module 74 includes two antenna channels, the first antenna channel is connected to the fourth antenna structure 73D, and the second antenna channel is connected to one of the three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C through the switch assembly 72 . It should be noted that the antenna assembly may be provided with a fifth antenna structure, and the fifth antenna structure is connected to the second antenna channel of the wireless fidelity module 74 , and the fifth antenna structure is not connected to the radio frequency module 71 .

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 8 , the antenna assembly 70 further includes a satellite positioning module 75 and a fourth antenna structure 73D.

The satellite positioning module 75 includes a fifth port 751 and a sixth port 752 . The fifth port 751 is used for transmitting and receiving satellite positioning signals, and the sixth port 752 is used for receiving satellite positioning signals.

Among them, the satellite positioning signals transmitted and received by the fifth port 751 include Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System, GPS) signals, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) signals, GLONASS satellite navigation system (Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Navigation Satellite System) signals , GLONASS) signal at least one. The satellite positioning signals received by the sixth port 752 also include Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) signals, and GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System, GLONASS) signals. at least one of the signals.

The fourth antenna structure 73D is used to transmit and receive satellite positioning signals. The fourth antenna structure 73D is coupled to the fifth port 751 of the satellite positioning module 75 .

The switch assembly 72 is also coupled to the sixth port 752 of the satellite positioning module 75 . The switch component 72 is used to control the sixth port 752 of the satellite positioning module 75 to switch on the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B or the third antenna structure 73C.

When the sixth port 752 of the satellite positioning module 75 is connected to one of the antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C, the connected antenna structure performs the satellite positioning signal receiving function of the electronic device 100 . Therefore, the fourth antenna structure 73D serves as the satellite positioning master antenna of the electronic device 100 , and the connected antenna structures 73A, 73B, and 73C serve as the satellite positioning opportunity diversity antenna of the electronic device 100 .

In some embodiments, when the antenna structures connected in 73A, 73B, and 73C are used as the satellite positioning opportunity diversity antenna of the electronic device 100, the satellite positioning signal transmitting and receiving functions of the electronic device 100 can also be performed.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the antenna assembly 70 may include a Wi-Fi module 74 and a satellite positioning module 75 at the same time. At this time, the fourth antenna structure 73D is simultaneously used for transmitting and receiving Wi-Fi signals and satellite positioning signals.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , the switch assembly 72 also includes a fourth input port 727 . The fourth input port 727 is coupled to the sixth port 752 of the satellite positioning module 75 . The fourth input port 727 can be connected to any one of the first output port 723 , the second output port 724 and the third output port 725 .

In some embodiments, the sixth port 752 of the satellite positioning module 75 is coupled with the first input 721 of the switch assembly.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 9 , the antenna assembly 70 also includes an antenna carrier 76 . The first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B, and the third antenna structure 73C are respectively disposed on the antenna carrier 76 .

In some embodiments, the antenna carrier 76 may be the middle frame 20 or the back cover 50 of the electronic device 100 . That is, at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C may be disposed on the middle frame 20 of the electronic device 100 or on the back cover 50 of the electronic device 100, respectively.

It should be noted that when the antenna carrier 76 is the middle frame 20 of the electronic device 100 , the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B and 73C may be metal sheets, such as magnesium alloy sheets, respectively attached to the middle frame 20 . At least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C may also be part of the middle frame 20 . For example, three metal extensions, such as magnesium alloy extensions, may be formed on the middle frame 20 . The formed three metal extensions serve as antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C, respectively.

When the antenna carrier 76 is the back cover 50 of the electronic device 100 , the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C may be metal sheets, such as magnesium alloy sheets, respectively attached to the back cover 50 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , a ground point 763 is provided on the antenna carrier 76 . Ground point 763 may be connected to a ground point on circuit board 30 of electronic device 100 to enable grounding of antenna carrier 76 . The first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B, and the third antenna structure 73C are respectively connected to the ground point 763 . Thus, grounding of at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C can be achieved, respectively.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 , the antenna assembly includes a first ground point 764, the first ground point 764 is disposed between the first antenna structure 73A and the second antenna structure 73B, and the antenna assembly further includes a second ground point 764. The ground point 765 and the third ground point 766, the second ground point 765 and the third ground point 766 are disposed between the third antenna structure 73C and the fourth antenna structure 73D.

The first grounding point 764, the second grounding point 765 and the third grounding point 766 may use an integrated metal structure with the reference ground of the whole machine, and the first grounding point 764, the second grounding point 765 and the third grounding point 766 are also A metal sheet can be used to connect to the reference ground of the whole machine. The first ground point 764, the second ground point 765 and the third ground point 766 can also be fixedly connected to the reference ground of the whole machine by welding. The grounding point 765 and the third grounding point 766 can also be fixedly connected to the reference ground of the whole machine by screwing and locking.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , the antenna assembly further includes a power coupler 77 . The power coupler 77 can be installed on the carrier 76 . Specifically, one end of the power coupler 77 is connected to the first end of the radio frequency module 71 . 711, the other end of the rate coupler 77 is connected to the first input end 721 of the switch assembly.

The power coupler 77 can detect the impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure 73A and the second antenna structure 73B respectively, and then compare the impedance changes of different antenna structures to determine which radiator is blocked, such as being held by the user's hand, and then The corresponding antenna is switched to the antenna structure that is not blocked. Cyclic detection is also possible to increase reliability. The antenna structure with better antenna performance is used as the antenna.

Then, the signal quality RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) of the antenna structure with better impedance matching among the first antenna structure 73A and the second antenna structure 73B is obtained, and the signal quality RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) of the third antenna structure 73C is obtained at the same time. , and then select the antenna structure with better signal quality as the main antenna, and select the antenna structure with poor quality as the diversity antenna. For example, the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B is used in combination with the third antenna structure 73C. Then, the antenna structure with better signal quality is selected as the main antenna, and the antenna structure with poor signal quality is selected as the diversity antenna. For example, when the electronic device is used in a vertical screen, select the combination of the first antenna structure 73A and the third antenna structure 73C, or select the combination of the second antenna structure 73B and the third antenna structure 73C, if the bottom of the electronic device is held by hand If not, the third antenna structure 73C is selected as the main antenna, and the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B is selected as the diversity antenna. When the electronic device is held on the left horizontal screen, a combination of the third antenna structure 73C and the second antenna structure 73B is selected, wherein the first antenna structure 73A can be selected as the main antenna. When the electronic device is held on the right horizontal screen, a combination of the third antenna structure 73C and the first antenna structure 73A is selected, wherein the second antenna structure 73B or the third antenna structure 73C can be selected as the main antenna.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , the antenna carrier 76 includes a first end 761 and a second end 762 that are oppositely disposed. For example, the first end 761 may be the top of the antenna carrier 76 and the second end 762 may be the bottom of the antenna carrier 76 .

Two antenna structures of the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C are arranged at the first end of the antenna carrier 76 , and another antenna structure of the at least three antenna structures 73A, 73B, 73C is arranged at the first end of the antenna carrier 76 . two ends.

For example, the first antenna structure 73A and the second antenna structure 73B among the at least three antenna structures are disposed on the first end 761 of the antenna carrier 76 . The third antenna structure 73C is disposed at the second end 762 of the antenna carrier 76 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , the first end 761 of the antenna carrier 76 includes a first side 761A and a second side 761B that are oppositely disposed. For example, the first side 761A may be the right side of the first end 761 and the second side 761B may be the left side of the first end 761 . The first antenna structure 73A and the second antenna structure 73B are respectively disposed on the first side 761A and the second side 761B. The first end portion 761 may be the bottom of the electronic device or the top of the electronic device.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an antenna switching method. The antenna switching method is applied to the electronic device 100 of any of the above embodiments.

The electronic device 100 includes an antenna assembly 70 , and the antenna assembly 70 includes a first antenna structure 73A, a second antenna structure 73B, a third antenna structure 73C, a radio frequency module 71 and a switch assembly 72 . The antenna assembly 70 has an initial state. In the initial state, the third antenna structure 73C is used as the main antenna, the first antenna structure 73A is used as the diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure 73B is in the idle state. Based on this initial state, as shown in Figure 12, the specific process of the method is as follows:

Step 101, acquiring the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure;

Step 102, according to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, control the switch component to use one of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure as the main set antenna and the other as the idle state, And control the switch component to switch the third antenna structure to the diversity antenna.

In some embodiments, when the transmit power of the first antenna structure is less than the first threshold, and the receive power of the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure is greater than the second threshold, the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are One is used as the main antenna and the other is used as the idle state, and the third antenna structure is switched to the diversity antenna.

In some embodiments, without considering the initial state of each antenna structure, the switching of the antenna may also be implemented by the following steps, specifically:

(1) Obtain the impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure.

The impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure can be detected by the power coupler in the electronic device. If the impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure are better, the first antenna structure is selected as the target antenna structure, and the second antenna structure is selected as the target antenna structure. The structure is idle. If the impedance matching characteristic of the second antenna structure is better, the second antenna structure is selected as the target antenna structure, and the first antenna structure is in an idle state. Specifically, the power coupler detects the impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure respectively, and then compares the impedance changes of different antenna structures to determine which antenna structure is blocked, such as being held by the user's hand, and then the main set The antenna structure corresponding to the antenna is switched to the antenna structure that is not blocked. Cyclic detection is also possible to increase reliability.

(2) Detecting the signal quality of the target antenna structure and the third antenna structure, selecting the antenna structure with the best signal quality as the main set antenna, and selecting the antenna structure with poor signal quality as the diversity antenna.

The signal quality RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) of the target antenna structure is obtained, and the signal quality RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) of the third antenna structure 73C is obtained at the same time, and then the antenna structure with better signal quality is selected as the main antenna, and the antenna structure with poor quality is selected as the main antenna. as a diversity antenna. The first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B is used in combination with the third antenna structure 73C. Then, the antenna structure with better signal quality is selected as the main antenna, and the antenna structure with poor signal quality is selected as the diversity antenna.

For example, when the electronic device is used in a vertical screen, select the combination of the first antenna structure 73A and the third antenna structure 73C, or select the combination of the second antenna structure 73B and the third antenna structure 73C, if the bottom of the electronic device is held by hand If not, the third antenna structure 73C is selected as the main antenna, and the first antenna structure 73A or the second antenna structure 73B is selected as the diversity antenna.

For another example, when the electronic device is held in the left horizontal screen, a combination of the third antenna structure 73C and the second antenna structure 73B is selected, wherein the second antenna structure 73B can be selected as the main antenna.

For another example, when the electronic device is held in the right horizontal screen, a combination of the third antenna structure 73C and the first antenna structure 73A is selected, wherein the first antenna structure 73A or the third antenna structure 73C can be selected as the main antenna.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an antenna switching method. The antenna switching method is applied to the electronic device 100 of any of the above embodiments.

The electronic device 100 includes an antenna assembly 70 , and the antenna assembly 70 includes a first antenna structure 73A, a second antenna structure 73B, a third antenna structure 73C, a fourth antenna structure 73D, a radio frequency module 71 and a switch assembly 72 . The antenna assembly 70 has an initial state. In the initial state, the third antenna structure 73C is used as the main antenna, the first antenna structure 73A is used as the diversity antenna, the second antenna structure 73B is in the idle state, and the fourth antenna structure is used for sending and receiving GPS signals and/or short-range communication signals. . Based on this initial state, as shown in Figure 13, the specific process of the method is as follows:

Step 201, obtaining working status information of the radio frequency module;

Step 202, if the working state information of the radio frequency module is an idle state, obtain signal quality values of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure;

Step 203 , selecting the antenna structure corresponding to the maximum signal quality value as the target antenna structure, and the target antenna structure as the opportunity diversity antenna matched with the fourth antenna structure.

It can be understood that the antenna structure with the best signal quality is selected as the opportunity diversity antenna that cooperates with the fourth antenna structure 73D.

During short-distance communication, the Wi-Fi module 74 uses the fourth antenna structure 73D to transmit and receive signals. During short-distance communication, at the same time, the radio frequency module 71 does not use a communication antenna, that is, the radio frequency module 71 does not use the first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B and the third antenna structure 73C as the main antenna or diversity antenna. 74 utilizes one of the first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B and the third antenna structure 73C as the opportunity diversity antenna of the wireless fidelity module 74, and forms a dual-receiving antenna system with the fourth antenna structure 73D to increase the antenna performance. Specifically, the wireless module includes two antenna channels, the first antenna channel is directly connected to the fourth antenna structure 73D, and the second antenna channel is connected to the first antenna structure 73A, the second antenna structure 73B and the third antenna structure 73C through the switch component 72 An antenna structure with the best signal quality, where the secondary antenna channel is mainly used for diversity reception of signals. For example, when the electronic device is used in a portrait orientation, a combination of the fourth antenna structure 73D and the third antenna structure 73C is selected. When the electronic device is held in the left horizontal screen, the combination of the fourth antenna structure 73D and the second antenna structure 73B is selected. When the electronic device is held in the right horizontal screen, the combination of the fourth antenna structure 73D and the first antenna structure 73A is selected.

The antenna assembly, the electronic device, and the antenna switching method provided by the embodiments of the present application have been introduced in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described in this article by using specific examples. Application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (20)

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, comprising: The first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, wherein the third antenna structure is used as the main set antenna, the first antenna structure is used as the diversity antenna, the second antenna structure is in an idle state, and the third antenna structure is in an idle state. an antenna structure and the second antenna structure are located at the same end, and are located at opposite ends of the third antenna structure; a radio frequency module, wherein the radio frequency module is respectively coupled with the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure through a switch assembly; a power coupler to which both the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are coupled, the power coupler for detecting impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure, and According to the detection result, it is determined from the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure that the unobstructed antenna structure is the target antenna structure; The switch component is configured to, according to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the target antenna in the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure, when the signal quality of the third antenna structure is lower than the signal quality of the target antenna when the first antenna structure and the target antenna in the second antenna structure are used as the main antenna, the other is used as the idle state, and the third antenna structure is switched to the diversity antenna; The fourth antenna structure is used to send and receive wireless fidelity signals or GPS signals; A wireless fidelity module or a satellite positioning module, the wireless fidelity module or the satellite positioning module is coupled with the fourth antenna structure, and the wireless fidelity module or the satellite positioning module is connected to the One of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure is coupled such that the one of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure is coupled to the The fourth antenna structure described above forms a dual-transmit and dual-receive antenna system. 2 . The antenna assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the switch assembly is configured to switch the first antenna structure or the all The second antenna structure is switched to the main set antenna, and the third antenna structure is switched to the diversity antenna. 3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the radio frequency module comprises a first port and a second port, the first port is used for transmitting and receiving signals, and the second port is used for receiving signals ; the switch component is configured to control the first port of the radio frequency module to switch on the first antenna structure or the second antenna structure according to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, and The second port of the radio frequency module is controlled to be connected to the third antenna structure. 4. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the switch assembly comprises a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, a second output port, and a third output port; the first input port is coupled with the first port of the radio frequency module, and the second input port is coupled with the second port of the radio frequency module; The first output port is coupled with the third antenna structure, the second output port is coupled with the first antenna structure, and the third output port is coupled with the second antenna structure. 5 . The antenna assembly according to claim 4 , wherein the switch assembly comprises a double-pole multi-throw switch, and the first input port and the second input port are input ends of the double-pole multi-throw switch, 6 . The first output port, the second output port, and the third output port are the output ends of the double-pole multi-throw switch. 6 . The antenna assembly according to claim 4 , wherein the switch assembly comprises a first SPMT switch and a second SPMT switch, and the first input port and the second input port are respectively the The input end of the first SPMT switch and the input end of the second SPMT switch, the first output port, the second output port, and the third output port include the output end of the first SPMT switch and the third output port. Two single-pole multi-throw switch outputs. 7. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein the first port of the radio frequency module is coupled to the switch assembly through a power coupler; The switch component is further configured to switch the first antenna structure to an idle state and switch the second antenna structure to the main state when the impedance matching characteristic of the first antenna structure is less than a second preset threshold set antenna. 8. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the Wi-Fi module includes a third port and a fourth port for transmitting and receiving Wi-Fi Signal; the fourth antenna structure is coupled to the third port of the Wi-Fi module, and the fourth antenna structure is used for transmitting and receiving Wi-Fi signals; The switch assembly is also coupled with the fourth port of the wireless fidelity module, and the switch assembly is used to control the fourth port of the wireless fidelity module to switch on the first antenna structure or the second antenna structure or The third antenna structure. 9. The antenna assembly of claim 8, wherein the fourth port of the Wi-Fi module is coupled to the first input port of the switch assembly. 10. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein The satellite positioning module includes a fifth port and a sixth port, the fifth port is used for transmitting and receiving satellite positioning signals, and the sixth port is used for receiving satellite positioning signals; The fourth antenna structure is coupled with the fifth port of the satellite positioning module, and the fourth antenna structure is used for transmitting and receiving satellite positioning signals; The switch assembly is also coupled with the sixth port of the satellite positioning module, and the switch assembly is used to control the sixth port of the satellite positioning module to switch on the first antenna structure or the second antenna structure or the third antenna structure Antenna structure. 11. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising an antenna carrier, and the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure are respectively disposed on the antenna carrier . 12 . The antenna assembly according to claim 11 , wherein a ground point is provided on the antenna carrier, and the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure are respectively connected to the ground point. 13 . 13. The antenna assembly of claim 11, wherein the antenna carrier comprises a first end portion and a second end portion disposed oppositely; The first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are arranged at the first end of the antenna carrier, and the third antenna structure is arranged at the second end of the antenna carrier. 14. The antenna assembly of claim 13, wherein the first end of the antenna carrier comprises a first side and a second side oppositely disposed, and the first antenna structure is disposed on the first side , the second antenna structure is arranged on the second side. 15. An electronic device, comprising a housing and an antenna assembly, wherein the antenna assembly is installed in the housing, and the antenna assembly is the antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 14. 16. An antenna switching method, applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises an antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly includes a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, a third antenna structure, a fourth antenna structure, a power coupler, a radio frequency module, a wireless fidelity module or a satellite positioning module, and a switch assembly, the third antenna structure is used as a main antenna, the first antenna structure is used as a diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure is in an idle state, The first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are located at the same end, and are located at opposite ends of the third antenna structure; the antenna switching method includes: The impedance matching characteristics of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are detected by the power coupler, and according to the detection result, it is determined from the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure that the unobstructed ones are target antenna structure; acquiring signal qualities of the first antenna structure, the target antenna in the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure; According to the signal quality of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, when the signal quality of the third antenna structure is lower than the signal quality of the target antenna, the switch component is controlled to switch the One antenna structure and the target antenna in the second antenna structure are used as the main antenna, the other is in the idle state, and the switch component is controlled to switch the third antenna structure to the diversity antenna. 17. An antenna switching method, applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises an antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly includes a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, a third antenna structure, a fourth antenna structure, A radio frequency module, a wireless fidelity module or a satellite positioning module, a power coupler and a switch assembly, the third antenna structure is used as a main antenna, the first antenna structure is used as a diversity antenna, and the second antenna structure is in an idle state, The first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are located at the same end, and are located at opposite ends of the third antenna structure, and the fourth antenna structure is used for transmitting and receiving wireless fidelity signals or GPS signals ; The antenna switching method includes: Obtain the impedance matching degree of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure through the power coupler; If the impedance matching degree of the second antenna structure is greater than the impedance matching degree of the first antenna structure, switching the first antenna structure to an idle state, and switching the second antenna structure to a diversity antenna; According to the signal quality of the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, when the signal quality of the third antenna structure is lower than the signal quality of the second antenna structure, the second antenna structure is used as the main set antenna, and switching the third antenna structure to a diversity antenna; The wireless fidelity module or the satellite positioning module is coupled to one of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, and the third antenna structure through the switch assembly, and the first antenna structure is coupled to the first antenna structure. , one of the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure and the fourth antenna structure form a dual-transmit and dual-receive antenna system. 18. The antenna switching method according to claim 17, further comprising: If the first antenna structure is a diversity antenna, acquiring signal quality values of the first antenna structure and the third antenna; If the signal quality value of the first antenna structure is greater than the signal quality value of the third antenna, the first antenna is switched to a master antenna, and the third antenna structure is switched to a diversity antenna. 19. The antenna switching method according to claim 17, further comprising: If the second antenna structure is a diversity antenna, acquiring signal quality values of the second antenna structure and the third antenna; If the signal quality value of the second antenna structure is greater than the signal quality value of the third antenna, the second antenna is switched to the main set antenna, and the third antenna structure is switched to the diversity antenna. 20. An antenna switching method, applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes an antenna assembly, wherein the antenna assembly includes a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, a third antenna structure, and a fourth antenna A structure, a radio frequency module, and a switch assembly, wherein the third antenna structure is used as a main set antenna, the first antenna structure is used as a diversity antenna, the second antenna structure is in an idle state, and the fourth antenna structure is used for transceiving GPS signals and/or short-range communication signals, the method comprising: obtaining the impedance matching degree of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure; If the impedance matching degree of the second antenna structure is greater than the impedance matching degree of the first antenna structure, switching the first antenna structure to an idle state, and switching the second antenna structure to a diversity antenna; According to the signal quality of the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure, when the signal quality of the third antenna structure is lower than the signal quality of the second antenna structure, the second antenna structure is used as the main set antenna, and switching the third antenna structure to a diversity antenna; obtaining working status information of the radio frequency module; If the working state information of the radio frequency module is an idle state, acquiring the signal quality values of the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure; The antenna structure corresponding to the maximum signal quality value is selected as the target antenna structure, and the target antenna structure is used as the opportunity diversity antenna matched with the fourth antenna structure.

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