CN108266468B - A kind of bearing mechanism and pressure-bearing method of multidisc clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch, which comprises a pressure bearing plate and a control oil circuit. The friction plate and the pressure bearing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure plate, and three annular grooves are formed on the side of the pressure bearing plate close to the pressure plate. , the outer ring retaining ring, the middle ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring are respectively arranged in the three annular grooves, elastic parts are arranged in the three annular grooves, the outer ring retaining ring, the middle ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring are all The pressure-bearing plate can be protruded and abutted against the pressure plate under the support of the elastic component. The invention also provides a pressure bearing method of a multi-plate clutch, which utilizes different contact modes of the pressure bearing plate and the clutch to change the restraint mode of the clutch, achieves the purpose of quick engagement of the clutch, and relieves the temperature rise and stress of the steel plate and the friction plate The phenomenon of concentration increases the service life of the clutch.

Description

A pressure bearing mechanism and a pressure bearing method of a multi-plate clutch

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of clutches, in particular to a pressure bearing mechanism and a pressure bearing method of a multi-plate clutch.

Background technique

The working principle of the multi-plate clutch is that the clutch piston presses the friction plate against the baffle plate, so that the clutch is engaged, and when it is disconnected, the spring pushes the piston back to the original position and the clutch disengages. As a key component in the integrated transmission system, the multi-plate clutch is located between the power unit and the load mechanism, and its performance and design level directly affect the dynamic performance of the integrated transmission system. However, with the increase of the speed and power density of the transmission system, the multi-disc clutch can no longer fully meet the requirements of the current high-speed vehicles, and has become one of the vulnerable components of the vehicle system. Bending and cracking, the abrasive particles of the friction plate fall off, etc. The main reason for these phenomena is that during the engagement of the multi-plate clutch, the friction between the steel plate and the friction plate will convert a large amount of mechanical energy into heat energy. The clutch engagement time is short, and the heat dissipation cannot be fully carried out, resulting in friction. The temperature of the interface is too high.

At present, the multi-plate clutch is widely used for the pressure bearing method of the outer ring circlip. This single restraint method will cause a large concentrated stress on the outer diameter of the steel plate and the friction plate of the clutch. During the clutch engagement process, The stress concentration area will generate a lot of heat and cause the temperature in this area to rise rapidly, so that the radial temperature gradient of the steel plate and the friction plate will expand, resulting in adverse consequences such as warping deformation. At present, many clutch products at home and abroad optimize the working quality of the transmission system and prolong the service life of the clutch by improving the heat resistance of the friction material and optimizing the control strategy of the clutch, but the effect is not ideal.

Therefore, how to change the current situation in the prior art that the contact temperature between the steel plates and the friction plates of the multi-plate clutch is too high and the large concentrated stress easily leads to the failure of the clutch, which is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-bearing mechanism and a pressure-bearing method for a multi-plate clutch, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to alleviate the excessive contact temperature between the steel plates and the friction plates of the multi-plate clutch and the stress concentration. problem and prolong the life of the clutch.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: the present invention provides a pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch, including a pressure bearing plate and a control oil circuit, and the friction plates and the pressure bearing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure plate , the pressure-bearing plate is provided with three annular grooves on the side close to the pressure plate, and an outer ring retaining ring, an intermediate ring retaining ring and an inner ring retaining ring are respectively arranged in the three annular grooves. Elastic parts are all provided, and the outer ring retaining ring, the middle ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring can protrude from the pressure plate under the support of the elastic parts and abut against the pressure plate. The pressure plate is provided with an outer ring oil inlet, an intermediate ring oil inlet and an inner ring oil inlet, and the outer ring oil inlet, the intermediate ring oil inlet and the inner ring oil inlet are respectively connected with the three The annular grooves are communicated with each other, and the pressure-bearing plate is further provided with a pressure relief oil passage, and the pressure relief oil passage is connected with the three annular grooves, the outer ring oil inlet passage, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage, the Both the inner ring oil inlet passage and the pressure relief oil passage communicate with the control oil passage.

Preferably, the axes of the three annular grooves are coincident, and the diameters of the outer ring retaining ring, the middle ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring are sequentially increased.

Preferably, the elastic component is a spring, positioning pins are arranged in the three annular grooves, the springs are sleeved on the outside of the positioning pins, and when the spring is in a free state, the outer ring retaining ring, Both the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring protrude from the pressure bearing plate.

Preferably, a plurality of the positioning pins are evenly distributed in a circle around the center of the bottom surface of the annular groove.

Preferably, sealing grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the outer ring retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing ring is connected to the pressure bearing ring. board abuts.

Preferably, the sealing rings are all made of nitrile rubber.

Preferably, the pressure relief oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the pressure bearing plate, and the outer ring oil inlet passage, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage and the inner ring oil inlet passage are all along the pressure bearing plate The axial arrangement of the outer ring, the oil inlet of the middle ring and the oil inlet of the inner ring are arranged at intervals.

Preferably, the oil inlet passage of the outer ring, the oil inlet passage of the intermediate ring, the oil inlet passage of the inner ring and the pressure relief oil passage are all communicated with the control oil passage through pipelines, and the outer ring oil passage Control valves are installed between the oil inlet passage, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage, the inner ring oil inlet passage, the pressure relief oil passage and the control oil passage.

The invention also provides a pressure bearing method for a multi-plate clutch. In the initial stage of clutch engagement, the oil inlet passage of the outer ring and the oil inlet passage of the intermediate ring are opened, and the outer ring retaining ring and the intermediate ring retaining ring move axially to protrude from the pressure bearing plate The outer and contact with the pressure plate limit the axial displacement of the steel sheet and the friction plate; in the middle of the engagement, close the oil inlet of the intermediate ring; in the later stage of the engagement, close the oil inlet of the outer ring, and open the oil inlet of the inner ring and the oil inlet of the intermediate ring. The intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring move axially to protrude out of the pressure bearing plate and contact the pressure plate.

Preferably, when the clutch slips, the oil inlet passage of the outer ring, the oil inlet passage of the intermediate ring and the oil inlet passage of the inner ring are all closed, and the pressure bearing plate and the pressure plate are in direct contact.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following technical effects: the present invention provides a pressure-bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch, comprising a pressure-bearing plate and a control oil circuit, and the friction plates and the pressure-bearing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure plate, The pressure-bearing plate is provided with three annular grooves on the side close to the pressure plate. The outer ring retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring are respectively arranged in the three annular grooves. Elastic parts are arranged in the three annular grooves. The retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring can protrude from the pressure plate under the support of the elastic component and abut against the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is provided with the outer ring oil inlet, the middle ring oil inlet and the inner ring oil inlet The oil inlet channel of the outer ring, the oil inlet channel of the middle ring and the oil inlet channel of the inner ring are respectively connected with the three annular grooves. The oil inlet passage of the outer ring, the oil inlet passage of the middle ring, the oil inlet passage of the inner ring and the pressure relief oil passage are all communicated with the control oil passage. The invention also provides a pressure bearing method of a multi-plate clutch, which utilizes different contact modes of the pressure bearing plate and the clutch to change the restraint mode of the clutch, achieves the purpose of quick engagement of the clutch, and relieves the temperature rise and stress of the steel plates and the friction plates The phenomenon of concentration increases the service life of the clutch.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-plate clutch in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure bearing mechanism of the multi-plate clutch of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A direction in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B direction in FIG. 2;

Among them, 1 is the piston, 2 is the cylinder liner, 3 is the steel sheet, 4 is the friction plate, 5 is the pressure plate, 6 is the outer ring circlip, 7 is the pressure bearing plate, 8 is the annular groove, and 9 is the outer ring retaining ring , 10 is the middle ring retaining ring, 11 is the inner ring retaining ring, 12 is the elastic part, 13 is the oil inlet channel of the outer ring, 14 is the oil inlet channel of the middle ring, 15 is the oil inlet channel of the inner ring, and 16 is the pressure relief oil channel , 17 is the positioning pin, 18 is the sealing ring.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-bearing mechanism and a pressure-bearing method for a multi-plate clutch, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to alleviate the excessive contact temperature between the steel plates and the friction plates of the multi-plate clutch and the stress concentration. problem and prolong the life of the clutch.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIGS. 2-4, wherein, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure bearing mechanism of the multi-plate clutch according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram along the A-A direction in FIG. 2, and FIG. Schematic diagram of the cut-away structure.

In the multi-plate clutch in the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, during the clutch engagement process, the piston 1 is driven by the hydraulic pressure to cause the steel plate 3, the friction plate 4 and the pressure plate 5 to move axially, and the outer ring is used to move axially. The circlips 6 limit their axial displacement. The outer ring circlip is fixed in the groove of the cylinder liner 1. This form of clutch structure will lead to a large concentrated stress at the outer diameter of the steel plate 3 and the friction plate 4, which aggravates the surface temperature gradient of the steel plate 3 and the friction plate 4.

The present invention provides a pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch, which includes a pressure bearing plate 7 and a control oil circuit. The friction plate 4 and the pressure bearing plate 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure plate 5, and the pressure bearing plate 7 is close to the side of the pressure plate 5. Three annular grooves 8 are opened, and the outer ring retaining ring 9, the intermediate ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 are respectively arranged in the three annular grooves 8, and elastic members 12 are arranged in the three annular grooves 8. The retaining ring 9 , the intermediate ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 can protrude from the bearing plate 7 under the support of the elastic member 12 and abut against the pressing plate 5 . The oil inlet passage 14, the inner ring oil inlet passage 15, the outer ring oil inlet passage 13, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage 14 and the inner ring oil inlet passage 15 are respectively connected with the three annular grooves 8, and the pressure bearing plate 7 is also opened and removed. The pressure oil passage 16 and the pressure relief oil passage 16 are connected to the three annular grooves 8. The outer ring oil passage 13, the middle ring oil passage 14, the inner ring oil passage 15 and the pressure relief oil passage 16 are all connected with the control oil passage. Pass.

In the initial stage of clutch engagement, the oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring and the oil inlet passage 14 of the intermediate ring are opened under the control of the control oil circuit, and the inner ring retaining ring 11 does not work. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the outer ring retaining ring 9 and the intermediate ring The retaining ring 10 begins to move axially and protrudes out, contacting the pressure plate 5 to limit the axial displacement of the steel sheet 3 and the friction plate 4; if there is high pressure in the retaining ring groove, excess oil can be discharged through the pressure relief oil passage 16 , so that the pressure oil pressure is stable; in the middle of the clutch engagement, the control oil pressure of the intermediate ring oil inlet 14 decreases and closes the intermediate ring oil inlet 14. In the late clutch engagement, the control oil pressure of the outer ring oil inlet 13 decreases And close the oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring, the oil inlet passage 15 of the inner ring and the oil inlet passage 14 of the middle ring are opened under the action of controlling oil pressure, under the action of hydraulic pressure, the middle ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 start It moves axially and protrudes out to contact the pressure plate 5; when the clutch slips, all the oil inlet passages are closed, and the pressure bearing plate 7 and the pressure plate 5 are in direct contact. During the clutch engagement process, the bearing plate 7 limits the axial displacement of the steel plate 3 and the friction plate 4, and changes the surface contact pressure of the steel plate 3 and the friction plate 4, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the temperature field of the clutch and alleviating the stress concentration , prolong the service life of the clutch.

Wherein, the axes of the three annular grooves 8 are coincident, and the diameters of the outer ring retaining ring 9, the middle ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 increase in turn.

Specifically, the elastic member 12 is a spring, and positioning pins 17 are arranged in the three annular grooves 8. The springs are sleeved on the outside of the positioning pins 17. The positioning pins 17 provide guidance for the elastic member 12 to prevent the elastic member 12 from deflecting and causing blocking The circle cannot protrude. When the spring is in a free state, the outer ring retaining ring 9, the intermediate ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 all protrude from the pressure bearing plate 7. When the control oil circuit fails, the retaining ring can still be under the action of the compression spring. The pressure bearing plate 7 is protruded to buy time for maintenance personnel.

In addition, a plurality of positioning pins 17 are arranged in the three annular grooves 8 , and the plurality of positioning pins 17 are evenly distributed in a circle around the center of the bottom surface of the annular groove 8 .

More specifically, the outer circumferential surfaces of the outer ring retaining ring 9, the middle ring retaining ring 10 and the inner ring retaining ring 11 are all provided with sealing grooves, and a sealing ring 18 is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing ring 18 is in contact with the pressure bearing plate 7 to ensure The annular groove 8 is well sealed to avoid oil leakage when the retaining ring moves.

The sealing rings 18 are all made of nitrile rubber, which has good oil resistance, high wear resistance and is easy to obtain.

The pressure relief oil passage 16 is arranged along the radial direction of the pressure bearing plate 7, the outer ring oil inlet passage 13, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage 14 and the inner ring oil inlet passage 15 are all arranged along the axial direction of the pressure bearing plate 7, and the outer ring oil inlet The passage 13 , the oil inlet passage 14 of the intermediate ring and the oil inlet passage 15 of the inner ring are arranged at intervals to improve the structural strength of the bearing plate 7 .

The oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring, the oil inlet passage 14 of the middle ring, the oil inlet passage 15 of the inner ring and the pressure relief oil passage 16 are all connected with the control oil passage through pipelines. The oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring and the oil inlet passage 14 of the middle ring , Control valves are installed between the inner ring oil inlet 15 and pressure relief oil passage 16 and the control oil circuit, which is convenient for controlling the outer ring oil inlet 13, the middle ring oil inlet 14, the inner ring oil inlet 15 and the pressure relief. Oil pressure and open/close state of the oil passage 16 .

The present invention also provides a pressure bearing method for a multi-plate clutch. In the initial stage of clutch engagement, the oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring and the oil inlet passage 14 of the intermediate ring are opened, and the outer ring retaining ring 9 and the intermediate ring retaining ring 10 move axially to the convex Out of the pressure plate 7 and in contact with the pressure plate 5 to limit the axial displacement of the steel sheet and the friction plate 4; in the middle stage of the engagement, close the oil inlet passage 14 of the intermediate ring; in the later stage of the engagement, close the oil inlet passage 13 of the outer ring, and the inner ring inlet oil The channel 15 and the oil inlet channel 14 of the intermediate ring are opened, and the retaining ring 10 of the intermediate ring and the retaining ring 11 of the inner ring move axially to protrude out of the pressure plate 7 and contact the pressure plate 5; when the clutch slips, the oil inlet channels 13, The oil inlet passage 14 of the intermediate ring and the oil inlet passage 15 of the inner ring are closed, and the pressure bearing plate 7 and the pressure plate 5 are in direct contact. In the initial stage of engagement, the contact and pressure of the middle ring retaining ring 10 and the outer ring retaining ring 9 with the pressure plate 5 can offset the influence of centrifugal oil pressure during the clutch coupling process; The temperature of the contact area of the outer diameter of 4 rises rapidly, which increases the friction coefficient of the friction interface, which has the effect of increasing friction; in the later stage of joining, the pressure bearing of the intermediate ring retaining ring 10 can reduce the radial temperature difference between the steel plate and the friction plate, and reduce the radial temperature difference between the steel plate and the friction plate. The temperature gradient is limited within a reasonable range, and the cooperation of the three retaining rings can make the clutch engage smoothly and quickly, and reduce the self-excited vibration and wear of the clutch.

In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pressure-bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch, characterized in that: it comprises a pressure-bearing plate and a control oil circuit, the friction plate and the pressure-bearing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure-bearing plate, and the pressure-bearing plate is close to a pressure plate one. Three annular grooves are set on the side, and an outer ring retaining ring, an intermediate ring retaining ring and an inner ring retaining ring are respectively arranged in the three annular grooves, and elastic parts are arranged in the three annular grooves. The retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring can protrude from the pressure-bearing plate under the support of the elastic member and abut against the pressure plate, and the pressure-bearing plate is provided with an outer ring oil inlet channel, The oil inlet channel of the middle ring and the oil inlet channel of the inner ring, the oil inlet channel of the outer ring, the oil inlet channel of the middle ring and the oil inlet channel of the inner ring are respectively communicated with the three annular grooves. The pressure plate is also provided with a pressure relief oil passage, the pressure relief oil passage communicates with the three annular grooves, the outer ring oil inlet passage, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage, the inner ring oil inlet passage and the The pressure relief oil passages are all communicated with the control oil passage. 2 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch according to claim 1 , wherein the axes of the three annular grooves are coincident, and the outer ring retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring The diameter of the ring retaining ring increases sequentially. 3 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch according to claim 1 , wherein the elastic component is a spring, a positioning pin is arranged in each of the three annular grooves, and the spring is sleeved on the positioning pin. 4 . Outside the pin, when the spring is in a free state, the outer ring retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring all protrude from the pressure bearing plate. 4 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch according to claim 3 , wherein a plurality of the positioning pins are evenly distributed in a circle around the center of the bottom surface of the annular groove. 5 . 5 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-plate clutch according to claim 1 , wherein the outer circumferential surfaces of the outer ring retaining ring, the intermediate ring retaining ring and the inner ring retaining ring are all provided with sealing grooves. 6 . , a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing ring is in contact with the pressure bearing plate. 6 . The pressure bearing mechanism of the multi-plate clutch according to claim 5 , wherein the sealing rings are all made of nitrile rubber. 7 . 7 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-disc clutch according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure relief oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the pressure bearing plate, the outer ring oil inlet passage, the middle Both the ring oil inlet passage and the inner ring oil inlet passage are arranged along the axial direction of the pressure bearing plate, and the outer ring oil inlet passage, the intermediate ring oil inlet passage and the inner ring oil inlet passage are arranged at intervals. 8 . The pressure bearing mechanism of a multi-disc clutch according to claim 1 , wherein: the outer ring oil inlet, the intermediate ring oil inlet, the inner ring oil inlet and the pressure relief The oil passages are all communicated with the control oil passage through pipelines, and the outer ring oil passage, the intermediate ring oil passage, the inner ring oil passage and the pressure relief oil passage are connected to the control oil passage. Control valves are installed between the roads. 9. A pressure bearing method for a multi-plate clutch, using the pressure bearing mechanism of the multi-plate clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: in the initial stage of clutch engagement, the outer ring oil inlet and the middle The oil inlet channel of the ring is opened, and the outer ring retaining ring and the intermediate ring retaining ring move axially to protrude out of the pressure bearing plate and contact the pressure plate to limit the axial displacement of the steel sheet and the friction plate; in the middle of the engagement, close the oil inlet channel of the intermediate ring; In the later stage of engagement, the oil inlet of the outer ring is closed, the oil inlet of the inner ring and the oil inlet of the intermediate ring are opened, and the retaining ring of the intermediate ring and the retaining ring of the inner ring move axially to protrude out of the bearing plate and contact the pressure plate. 10 . The pressure bearing method of a multi-disc clutch according to claim 9 , wherein when the clutch slips, the oil inlet of the outer ring, the oil inlet of the middle ring and the oil inlet of the inner ring are all closed, and the pressure bearing plate is closed. 11 . direct contact with the platen.