CN108233422B - Light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control - Google Patents
Light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of light storage micro-grids, and particularly relates to a light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control. Based on photovoltaic and load prediction, optimal operation control is respectively realized on the grid-connected and off-grid conditions of the light storage micro-grid. The photovoltaic and load prediction method is applied to the light storage micro-grid, the effects of photovoltaic stabilization, peak clipping and valley filling, smooth output and the like are achieved, and the economic benefit is improved by 5% -10%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of light storage micro-grids, and particularly relates to a light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control.
Background
The distributed photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of flexible power supply, power transmission and transformation investment saving, line loss reduction, resource and environmental friendliness, provides stable and reliable power supply for users by being connected with a large power grid, can run off the grid when the large power grid fails, and ensures the continuity of power supply and high power quality. Has developed rapidly in recent years and is a long-term development strategy in the country.
However, the photovoltaic distributed power generation has the characteristics of strong randomness and obvious intermittence, the output fluctuation amplitude is large, and the fluctuation frequency is irregular, so that the energy storage is added to form the light storage micro-grid, the smooth output of the photovoltaic power generation is realized, the stable and reliable power supply of the demand side load is solved, the peak clipping and valley filling are realized through an effective control mode to realize the economic power utilization for users, and the power grid-friendly micro-grid is constructed.
The light storage micro-grid is a small local area power grid including a power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization management system mainly composed of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system, a battery energy storage system, a load system, a related power distribution and Energy Management System (EMS) and the like, is connected to a large power grid through a unique public connection point, and can be operated in a grid-connected mode or an independent mode. When the micro-grid is supported by a power grid, the photovoltaic energy storage system is used as a main power supply micro-power supply in the micro-grid, load electricity consumption mainly comes from photovoltaic power generation, and the energy storage system can smooth photovoltaic power generation fluctuation and improve the power grid access friendliness of the micro-power supply; when the power grid is powered off, the light storage micro power grid starts an emergency standby power supply function, the energy storage converter establishes a micro power grid bus support, and the photovoltaic power generation system can provide continuous energy supply for loads in the micro power grid.
At present, China only subsidies the grid-connected distributed photovoltaic, the subsidy amount is continuously reduced, and although the problems of power utilization reliability and the like are solved by adding the energy storage to form the light storage micro-grid, the recovery period is prolonged due to the increase of cost, and the investment-to-profit ratio is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control, and the economic benefit maximization can be realized. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control is characterized by comprising the following steps: based on photovoltaic and load prediction, optimal operation control is respectively realized on the light storage micro-grid under grid connection and off-grid conditions, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
in a grid-connected mode:
(1) in the electricity price valley period, the energy storage system is charged in a constant voltage mode, and the electric quantity is charged to a set value;
(2) in the electricity price peak period, when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value, the discharge power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity alarm value, the discharge is stopped, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid;
when the photovoltaic power value is larger than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, the setting and modification can be carried out,
when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a highest early warning value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a highest electric quantity warning value, the charging is stopped, and the surplus electric quantity of the photovoltaic power generation is on line;
(3) when the photovoltaic power generation is predicted to be normal in a short-term time in the future, the energy storage system discharges according to a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value, the discharging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity warning value, discharging is stopped, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid; when the photovoltaic power generation cannot work normally in the future in a short time, the energy storage system is in a standby state;
(4) in the electricity price leveling period 2, when the photovoltaic power value is greater than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a highest early warning value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a highest electric quantity alarm value, the charging is stopped, and the surplus electric quantity of photovoltaic power generation is on line; when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system is in standby;
(5) when the residual electric quantity of the energy storage system is larger than the minimum electric quantity early warning value, the energy storage system discharges according to a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the minimum early warning value, the discharging power is reduced to a lower constant value, when the energy storage electric quantity is reduced to the minimum electric quantity alarm value, the energy storage system is in standby, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid;
switching a microgrid connection mode to an off-grid mode:
(1) predicting that the generated power of the photovoltaic system is larger than the load power in a short period of time in the future, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than a highest early warning value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is equal to (photovoltaic power value-load power value), and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is greater than the highest early warning value and is less than the highest electric quantity alarm value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, the photovoltaic system limits the power generation power, the photovoltaic power is the coefficient load power, the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to the highest alarm value, the energy storage system starts to discharge at a lower fixed value, at the moment, the photovoltaic power generation power is limited, the photovoltaic power is the coefficient load power, the coefficient value is 0.9-1, and the load normally works;
(2) predicting that the power generation power of the photovoltaic system is smaller than the load power in a short period of time in the future, when the electric quantity of the electric quantity energy storage system of the energy storage system is larger than a lowest early warning value, the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than the highest early warning value and larger than the lowest electric quantity alarm value, the load system keeps a first-stage load, and the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value); and the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load system is shut down when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the lowest alarm value.
The electricity price valley period under the grid-connected mode is 23:00 of the current day to 7:00 of the next day, and the charging set value is 50% -60% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The peak time period of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 8: 30-11: 30 of the day, 16: 00-21: 00 of the day, the lowest early warning value is 30-35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest early warning value is 85-90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20-25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95-98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1-2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The flat time interval 1 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 7: 00-8: 30 of the day, the lowest early warning value is 30-35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system within 1 hour in the future, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20-25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1-2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The flat time interval 2 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 11: 30-16: 00 of the day, the highest early warning value is 85% -90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95% -98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1% -2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The flat time interval 3 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 21: 00-23: 00 of the day, the lowest early warning value is 35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20% -25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1% -2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The micro-grid connection mode is switched to the off-grid mode within 1 hour in the future, the highest early warning value is 85% -90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95% -98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest early warning value is 30% -35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20% -25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1% -2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
The photovoltaic and load prediction method is applied to the light storage micro-grid, the effects of photovoltaic stabilization, peak clipping and valley filling, smooth output and the like are achieved, and the economic benefit is improved by 5% -10%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
A method for controlling the operation of a light storage micro-grid based on predictive control is used for respectively realizing optimal operation control on the light storage micro-grid under grid connection and off-grid based on photovoltaic and load prediction, and comprises the following specific steps:
in a grid-connected mode:
(1) in the electricity price valley period (23: 00 in the current day to 7:00 in the next day), the energy storage system is charged in a constant voltage mode, and the electric quantity is charged to a set value (50 percent of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system);
(2) when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value (35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the discharge power is reduced to a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity alarm value (25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), discharge is stopped, and the microgrid only takes electricity from the power grid; when the photovoltaic power value is larger than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a maximum early warning value (85% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the charging power is reduced to a lower constant value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a maximum electric quantity alarm value (95% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), charging is stopped, and surplus electric quantity of photovoltaic power generation is on line;
(3) when the photovoltaic power generation is predicted to be normal in a short-term time (within one hour) in the future, the energy storage system discharges according to a constant power mode, a discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value (35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the discharging power is reduced to a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity alarm value (25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), discharging is stopped, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid; when the photovoltaic power generation cannot work normally in the next hour, the energy storage system is in standby;
(4) when the photovoltaic power value is larger than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, the setting and modification can be performed, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a maximum early warning value (85% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a maximum electric quantity alarm value (95% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the charging is stopped, and the surplus electric quantity of the photovoltaic power generation is on line; when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system is in standby;
(5) and when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the minimum early warning value (35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the discharging power is reduced to a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), and when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the minimum alarm value (25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the energy storage system is in standby state, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid.
Switching a microgrid connection mode to an off-grid mode:
(1) predicting that the generated power of the photovoltaic system is greater than the load power in a short period of time (within one hour) in the future, and when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is less than a highest early warning value (85% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is equal to (photovoltaic power value-load power value), and the load normally works; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is greater than a highest early warning value (85% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), and when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is less than a highest electric quantity alarm value (95% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the photovoltaic system limits the power generation power, the photovoltaic power is a coefficient (load power), the coefficient is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a maximum alarm value (95% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the energy storage system starts to discharge at a lower fixed value (1% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), at the moment, the photovoltaic power generation power is limited, the photovoltaic power is the coefficient load power, the coefficient value is 0.9-1, and the load normally works;
(2) predicting that the generated power of the photovoltaic system is smaller than the load power in a short period of time (within one hour) in the future, when the electric quantity of the electric quantity energy storage system of the energy storage system is larger than a minimum early warning value (35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than a highest early warning value (35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system) and larger than a lowest electric quantity alarm value (25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system), the load system keeps a first-stage load, and a discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value); and the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load system is shut down when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the minimum alarm value (25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system).
Example 2
The steps of the method for controlling the operation of the optical storage micro-grid based on the predictive control in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and different technical parameters are as follows:
1) the charging set value is 55% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
2) the lowest early warning value is 32% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
3) the highest early warning value is 87% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
4) the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 22% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
5) the highest electric quantity alarm value is 96% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
6) the lower fixed value is 1.5% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
Example 3
The steps of the method for controlling the operation of the optical storage micro-grid based on the predictive control in the embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and different technical parameters are as follows:
1) the charging set value is 60% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
2) the lowest early warning value is 30% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
3) the highest early warning value is 90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
4) the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
5) the highest electric quantity alarm value is 98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
6) the lower fixed value is 2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A light storage micro-grid operation control method based on predictive control is characterized by comprising the following steps: based on photovoltaic and load prediction, optimal operation control is respectively realized on the light storage micro-grid under grid connection and off-grid conditions, and the method comprises the following specific steps: in a grid-connected mode:
(1) in the electricity price valley period, the energy storage system is charged in a constant voltage mode, and the electric quantity is charged to a set value;
(2) in the electricity price peak period, when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value, the discharge power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity alarm value, the discharge is stopped, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid;
when the photovoltaic power value is larger than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a highest early warning value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to a highest electric quantity alarm value, charging is stopped, and surplus electric quantity of photovoltaic power generation is on line;
(3) when the photovoltaic power generation is predicted to be normal in a short-term time in the future, the energy storage system discharges according to a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum early warning value, the discharging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to a minimum electric quantity warning value, discharging is stopped, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid; when the photovoltaic power generation cannot work normally in the future in a short time, the energy storage system is in a standby state;
(4) in the electricity price leveling period 2, when the photovoltaic power value is greater than the load power value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is a coefficient (photovoltaic power value-load power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a highest early warning value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is increased to a highest electric quantity alarm value, the charging is stopped, and the surplus electric quantity of photovoltaic power generation is on line; when the photovoltaic power value is smaller than the load power value, the energy storage system is in standby;
(5) when the residual electric quantity of the energy storage system is larger than the minimum electric quantity early warning value, the energy storage system discharges according to a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value range is 0-1, modification can be set, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the minimum early warning value, the discharging power is reduced to a lower constant value, when the energy storage electric quantity is reduced to the minimum electric quantity alarm value, the energy storage system is in standby, and the micro-grid only takes electricity from the power grid;
switching a microgrid connection mode to an off-grid mode:
(1) predicting that the generated power of the photovoltaic system is larger than the load power in a short period of time in the future, when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than a highest early warning value, the energy storage system is charged in a constant power mode, the charging power value is equal to (photovoltaic power value-load power value), and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is greater than the highest early warning value and is less than the highest electric quantity alarm value, the charging power is reduced to a lower fixed value, the photovoltaic system limits the power generation power, the photovoltaic power is the coefficient load power, the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system rises to the highest alarm value, the energy storage system starts to discharge at a lower fixed value, at the moment, the photovoltaic power generation power is limited, the photovoltaic power is the coefficient load power, the coefficient value is 0.9-1, and the load normally works;
(2) predicting that the power generation power of the photovoltaic system is smaller than the load power in a short period of time in the future, when the electric quantity of the electric quantity energy storage system of the energy storage system is larger than a lowest early warning value, the energy storage system discharges in a constant power mode, the discharging power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value), the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load works normally; when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is smaller than the highest early warning value and larger than the lowest electric quantity alarm value, the load system keeps a first-stage load, and the discharge power value is a coefficient (load power value-photovoltaic power value); the coefficient value is 1-1.1, and the load system is shut down when the electric quantity of the energy storage system is reduced to the lowest alarm value;
the electricity price valley period under the grid-connected mode is 23:00 of the current day to 7:00 of the next day, and the charging set value is 50% -60% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
the peak time period of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 8: 30-11: 30 of the day, 16: 00-21: 00 of the day, the lowest early warning value is 30-35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest early warning value is 85-90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20-25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95-98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1-2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
the flat time interval 1 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 7: 00-8: 30 of the current day, the lowest early warning value is 30-35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system in the short time in the future, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20-25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1-2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
the flat time interval 2 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 11: 30-16: 00 of the current day, the highest early warning value is 85% -90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95% -98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1% -2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
the flat time interval 3 of the electricity price under the grid-connected mode is 21: 00-23: 00 of the day, the lowest early warning value is 30-35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20-25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1-2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system;
the micro-grid connection mode is switched to the off-grid mode within 1 hour in the future, the highest early warning value is 85% -90% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the highest electric quantity alarm value is 95% -98% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest early warning value is 30% -35% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, the lowest electric quantity alarm value is 20% -25% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system, and the lower fixed value is 1% -2% of the rated total electric quantity of the energy storage system.
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