CN108178713A - One kind is suitable for special Water soluble fertilizer of Yangtze river basin capsicum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of special Water soluble fertilizers of capsicum for the fertilizer field for belonging to crops, include the following raw material by mass fraction：520~655 parts of potassium nitrate, 50~80 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 120~230 parts of urea, 110~170 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~20 parts of boric acid, 2~5 parts of chelated zinc, 1~4 part of chelated copper, 1~6 part of chelated iron.The special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum provided by the invention is suitable for Yangtze river basin protected horticultural vegetable field soil and the capsicum of fertigation mode is special, can meet the needs of chili growth, improves Quality of Capsicum；Fertilizer efficiency is improved, reduces nutrient enrichment；Promote the application of the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, realize water-saving fertilizer-saving.

Description

A special water-soluble fertilizer suitable for capsicum in the Yangtze River Basin and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers for crops, and in particular relates to a special water-soluble fertilizer suitable for facility peppers in the Yangtze River Basin and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

The Yangtze River Basin is one of the six advantageous regions for vegetable production in my country, mainly including Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Shanghai, central and southern Jiangsu, and southern Anhui. Due to the unique climate conditions in this area, the average temperature in winter is ≥4°C, which is suitable for the development of vegetable planting in small and medium-sized arch shed facilities with "early spring and late autumn". Among them, pepper and other solanaceous vegetables have high economic benefits and a large planting area. They are important types of facility vegetables in this area, and the water and fertilizer integration technology using drip irrigation under mulch is widely used in facility vegetables in this area, so it is suitable for facility peppers in this area. The special water-soluble fertilizer products are an important guarantee for the production of high-yield green and high-quality vegetables.

Adding different nitrogen forms and reasonable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient ratios in fertilizers can significantly increase vegetable yield and improve vegetable quality. Patent CN 106431784 A discloses a special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum containing urease inhibitor and its preparation method, but the soil pH is generally low in greenhouses where solanaceous vegetables are grown all the year round, and the activity of urease is naturally inhibited under low pH conditions. The nitrification process is hardly affected, so inhibiting the nitrification process can not only maintain a certain ammonium-nitrate ratio in the soil to meet the needs of crops, but also reduce the leaching loss of nitrate nitrogen in facility vegetables and improve fertilizer efficiency.

In old vegetable fields with facilities, the decline in soil quality is not conducive to the growth of vegetable roots. Seaweed active substances can promote root growth, increase water and fertilizer absorption, and improve vegetable disease resistance at the same time. The water-soluble fertilizers for solanaceous vegetables on the market are mainly balanced and high-potassium types. The nutrient distribution ratio does not match the absorption of vegetables. Continuous use for many years will easily cause soil nutrient enrichment, secondary salinization, groundwater pollution and other environmental problems. ; Secondly, unreasonable nutrient distribution will also affect the absorption of other nutrients by vegetables, resulting in a decline in vegetable quality. These problems have become increasingly prominent in the pepper planting process in this area, seriously restricting the sustainable development of the vegetable industry in this area.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum suitable for the soil of the facility vegetable field in the Yangtze River Basin and the way of irrigation and fertilization. Enrichment; Promote the application of water and fertilizer integration technology to achieve water and fertilizer saving.

For this reason, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A special water-soluble fertilizer for peppers, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 520-655 parts of potassium nitrate, 50-80 parts of ammonium phosphorus nitrate, 120-230 parts of urea, 110-170 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and 10-20 parts of boric acid , 2 to 5 parts of chelated zinc, 1 to 4 parts of chelated copper, and 1 to 6 parts of chelated iron.

The above special water-soluble fertilizer for peppers preferably includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 600-655 parts of potassium nitrate, 65-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 120-170 parts of urea, 110-140 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and 16-80 parts of boric acid. 20 parts, 2 to 5 parts of chelated zinc, 2 to 3 parts of chelated copper, and 2 to 4 parts of chelated iron.

The above-mentioned special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum, optimally, includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: nitric acid

Potassium 655 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 80 parts, urea 120 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 110 parts, boron

20 parts of acid, 5 parts of chelated zinc, 2 parts of chelated copper, 4 parts of chelated iron.

The above-mentioned special water-soluble fertilizer for pepper also includes 2-6 parts of anti-caking agent.

The above special water-soluble fertilizer for peppers also includes auxiliary agents including seaweed extract and nitrification inhibitors.

For the above water-soluble fertilizer for peppers, the weight of the seaweed essence is 4-8% of the total weight of other components except auxiliary agents; the nitrification inhibitor is 0.5%-1.0% of the ammonium nitrogen content in the water-soluble fertilizer for peppers.

The above-mentioned water-soluble fertilizer for peppers, the nitrification inhibitor is one or one of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, hydroquinone, dicyandiamide, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate more than one species.

The above special water-soluble fertilizer for peppers, the chelated zinc, chelated copper and chelated iron are respectively in EDTA chelated state.

The above-mentioned special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum, the anti-caking agent is modified sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, paraffin, kaolin, alkylbenzene sulfonate One or more than one, preferably sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum comprises the following steps:

(1) Take the raw materials according to the corresponding parts by mass;

(2) Pulverize ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and pass through a 20-mesh sieve for subsequent use;

(3) Put sieved potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus, urea, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into a stirrer and stir, add boric acid, chelated zinc, chelated copper, and chelated iron to stir, or add anti-caking agent or additives, and mixed evenly to prepare a special water-soluble fertilizer for peppers.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum of the present invention contains different nitrogen forms, nutrient collocation, complementary advantages, wherein, nitrate nitrogen accounts for 35～56% of total nitrogen content, contains nitrification inhibitor, can suppress or delay product The nitrification of ammonium nitrogen promotes the long-term maintenance of ammonium nitrogen and provides vegetables with continuous and long-term nitrogen nutrition. The nutrient distribution ratio of the product of the present invention is designed on the basis of comprehensive consideration of soil nutrient supply and crop nutrient absorption, which can not only meet the nutrient demand of crops, reduce nutrient enrichment in soil, but also reduce environmental risks.

(2) The product of the present invention contains chelated trace elements, which can provide the nutrients needed by crops and improve the quality of crops. The seaweed active substance in the product of the invention can promote the growth of the root system of crops, and at the same time play the role of improving soil. The raw materials used in the product of the invention have good water solubility and no residue; the added anti-caking agent can effectively prevent the fertilizer from caking and can maintain stable physical properties.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with example, the present invention will be further described. The following description is by way of example, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.

The main properties of the raw materials used in the present invention are as follows:

Potassium nitrate white powder (industrial grade, content ≥99%, 13.5-0-46);

Ammonium nitrate white granular (content ≥99%, 32-4-0);

White granular urea (N content ≥ 46%);

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate white powder crystal (industrial grade, content ≥99%, 11-61-0);

Boric acid white powder (B content ≥ 15%);

Trace elements zinc, iron and copper are all in EDTA chelated state (Zn content ≥ 15%, Cu content ≥ 15%, Fe content ≥ 13%);

The anti-caking agent is modified sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate,

The anti-caking agent in the following examples is the modified sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate produced by Hubei Fubang Technology Co., Ltd., which is mainly composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium unsaturated fatty acid ester sulfate. to make;

100% soluble seaweed powder, selected from wild sargassum and concentrated by biological enzymatic extraction process.

Example 1

Main agent: the mass parts of raw material components: potassium nitrate 520kg, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 50kg, urea 230kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 165kg, boric acid 20kg, chelated zinc 5kg, chelated copper 2kg, chelated iron 4kg, modified ten Sodium dialkylbenzenesulfonate 4kg.

Additives: 60kg of seaweed extract is required for every 1000kg of main ingredient;

The nitrification inhibitor is 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, configured as an emulsifiable concentrate containing 24wt% of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and the usage amount is 5.54L;

The preparation method of above-mentioned water-soluble fertilizer special for capsicum comprises the following steps:

(1) Weigh the raw materials according to the corresponding mass.

(2) Grind ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, pass through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside.

(3) Put the sieved potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into the stirrer and stir, add boric acid, chelated zinc, chelated copper, chelated iron, modified dodecylbenzenesulfonate sodium bicarbonate, stirred, mixed, packaged. The additives are individually packaged according to the specified amount, and the special water-soluble fertilizer for pepper is obtained.

The product specification obtained through the above steps is 21-10-24+TE.

Example 2

Main ingredient: mass parts of raw material components: potassium nitrate 655kg, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 80kg, urea 120kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 110kg, boric acid 20kg, chelated zinc 5kg, chelated copper 2kg, chelated iron 4kg, dodecane Sodium base sulfate 4kg.

Additives: 60kg of seaweed extract is required for every 1000kg of main ingredient;

The nitrification inhibitor contains 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and is configured as an emulsifiable concentrate containing 24wt% of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and the usage amount is 3.26L.

The preparation method of above-mentioned water-soluble fertilizer special for capsicum comprises the following steps:

(1) Weigh the raw materials according to the corresponding mass.

(2) Grind ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, pass through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside.

(3) Put sieved potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus, urea, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into a stirrer and stir, add boric acid, chelated zinc, chelated copper, chelated iron, and sodium lauryl sulfate to stir , and finally add anti-caking agent, mix well, and package. The additives are individually packaged according to the specified amount, and the special water-soluble fertilizer for pepper is obtained.

The product specification obtained through the above steps is 18-7-30+TE.

Example 3

Main ingredient: mass parts of raw material components: potassium nitrate 600kg, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 65kg, urea 170kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 140kg, boric acid 16kg, chelated zinc 3kg, chelated copper 2kg, chelated iron 2kg, fatty alcohol poly Oxyethylene ether 2kg.

Additives: 60kg of seaweed extract is required for every 1000kg of main ingredient;

The nitrification inhibitor is 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, which is configured as an emulsifiable concentrate containing 24 wt% of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and the nitrification inhibitor is 3.30L.

The preparation method of above-mentioned water-soluble fertilizer special for capsicum comprises the following steps:

(1) Weigh the raw materials according to the corresponding mass.

(2) Grind ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, pass through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside.

(3) Put the sieved potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into the stirrer and stir, add boric acid, chelated zinc, chelated copper, chelated iron, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and stir , and finally add anti-caking agent, mix well, and package. The additives are individually packaged according to the specified amount, and the special water-soluble fertilizer for pepper is obtained.

The product specification obtained through the above steps is 17-7-30+TE.

Example 4:

Farmers in the test area generally use imported water-soluble fertilizer 13-7-40+TE macroelement water-soluble fertilizer as a positive control.

Field fertilizer efficiency comparison test:

Experimental crop: fresh red pepper

Test variety: Haonong 11

Test location: Liyang Town, He County, Anhui Province

Test time: August 2016-January 2017

Experimental Design: This experiment is mainly to compare the effects of topdressing with different water-soluble fertilizers. There are 4 treatments in total: (1) topdressing the above-mentioned imported water-soluble fertilizers; (2) applying the water-soluble fertilizers described in Example 1; (3) applying Water-soluble fertilizer described in embodiment 2; (4) apply water-soluble fertilizer described in embodiment 3. The amount of fertilization is 225kg hm ^-2 , divided into 3 times. Other factors were the same, 4 replicates were set up, arranged in random blocks.

The main results of the test are as follows:

Find out by above data, use the capsicum that the special water-soluble fertilizer of capsicum provided by the present invention is planted, compare with the contrast ratio topdressing that farmers are used to, nutrient input reduces 8.4%, capsicum yield increases respectively 6.9%, 10%, 8.6%, commodity The fruit rate increased by 9.3%-9.9%, the vitamin C content increased by 3.7-4.7%, and the nitrate content decreased by 8.8-17%. In summary, the special water-soluble fertilizer for capsicum of the present invention has achieved a good effect of improving quality and increasing efficiency when applied in the protected vegetable fields in the Yangtze River Basin.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum, which is characterized in that include the following raw material by mass fraction：520~655 parts of potassium nitrate, 50~80 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 120~230 parts of urea, 110~170 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~20 parts of boric acid, 2~5 parts of chelated zinc, 1~4 part of chelated copper, 1~6 part of chelated iron.

2. the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the following raw material by mass fraction：Nitre Sour 600~655 parts of potassium, 65~80 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 120~170 parts of urea, 110~140 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid 16~20 Part, 2~5 parts of chelated zinc, 2~3 parts of chelated copper, 2~4 parts of chelated iron.

3. the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that include the following raw material by mass fraction：Nitre Sour 655 parts of potassium, 80 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea 120 divides, 110 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of chelated zinc, 2 parts of chelated copper, 4 parts of chelated iron.

4. according to the special Water soluble fertilizer of claim 1-3 any one of them capsicums, which is characterized in that further include anticaking agent 2-6 Part.

5. the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent includes sea Algae essence and nitrification inhibitor.

6. the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the weight of the algae essence is in addition to auxiliary agent The 4~8% of other components total weight；The nitrification inhibitor be the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum in ammonium nitrogen amount 0.5%~ 1.0%.

7. the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the nitrification inhibitor is the chloro- 6- of 2- One or more in (trichloromethyl) pyridine, quinhydrones, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate.

8. according to the special Water soluble fertilizer of claim 1-7 any one of them capsicums, which is characterized in that the chelated zinc, chelated copper, Chelated iron is respectively EDTA Chelating states.

9. according to the special Water soluble fertilizer of claim 1-8 any one of them capsicums, which is characterized in that the anticaking agent is is modified In neopelex, lauryl sodium sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, paraffin, kaolin, alkylbenzenesulfonate It is one or more kinds of.

10. the preparation method of the special Water soluble fertilizer of any one of the claim 1-9 capsicums, which is characterized in that as follows including step：

(1) raw material is weighed according to corrresponding quality number；

(2) ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are crushed, and crosses 20 mesh sieve, it is spare；

(3) potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, urea, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate after sieving are put into blender and stirred, add in boric acid, chelating Zinc, chelated copper, chelated iron stirring add in anticaking agent or auxiliary agent, mixing, and the special Water soluble fertilizer of capsicum is prepared.