CN108172650A - New solar photovoltaic components and building photovoltaic integrated components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses solar energy photovoltaic component and building integrated photovoltaic component a kind of solar energy photovoltaic components of the present invention, and including metal backing, the metal backing surface is provided with insulating layer；Mat formation on the insulating layer solar battery cell；Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell cell surface is mated formation gluing oxidant layer；The gluing oxidant layer is Nian Jie with glass panel by solar battery cell.Solar energy photovoltaic component and building integrated photovoltaic component in the present invention, voltage is low, safe to use.Its every piece solar battery cell works independently, even if a certain piece of solar battery cell is blocked or damages, it is also only the single failure of the solar cell for being blocked or damaging, it will not cause other solar battery cells to fail, it will not cause the circuit malfunction residing for it, therefore it is more suitable for being used in open air, is not easy to be affected by the external environment.

Description

New solar photovoltaic components and building photovoltaic integrated components

technical field

The invention relates to a novel solar photovoltaic component and a building photovoltaic integrated component.

Background technique

Commonly used solar photovoltaic modules, each battery pack is composed of multiple solar cells connected in series. During use, such a setting method will bring unexpected troubles. For example, when leaves or foreign objects fall on the solar cells, they will block the sunlight. The shaded solar battery unit will reduce the power generation efficiency or even fail completely. If a solar battery unit fails, the entire battery module will fail. In addition, when a certain solar cell unit fails partially or completely, it will generate heat, and in severe cases, hot spots will be formed. When a solar battery unit fails, it will also cause a voltage increase, and in severe cases, the solar battery unit will be broken down. Due to the risk of breakdown, only polymer materials can be used for the back sheet of the solar cell unit, but it is difficult to achieve 100% waterproof effect of polymer material sealing, which not only reduces the service life of the solar cell unit, but also limits the solar photovoltaic Promotional application of components. The solar cell units in the prior art are connected in series. During use, dust, leaves and other foreign matter will sink to the bottom of the module due to gravity and block the solar cell units at the bottom. Products in the prior art cannot avoid such problems.

Contents of the invention

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a novel solar photovoltaic module that is safe to use in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The novel solar photovoltaic module is characterized in that it comprises a metal back plate, an insulating layer is arranged on the surface of the metal back plate; a solar cell unit is paved on the insulating layer; an adhesive layer is paved on the surface of the solar photovoltaic cell unit; the adhesive layer bonds the solar cell unit to the glass panel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement of the solar cell unit is as follows:

Multiple solar cell units are connected in series to form a string;

The solar cell units are arranged in more than two strings, and the solar cell units in more than two strings are connected in parallel in units of strings;

Each solar cell in each string is connected in parallel with one of the solar cells in the other strings.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, more than two strings of solar battery units form a group, and each solar battery unit in each string is connected in parallel with one solar battery unit in other strings in the same group.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar battery units are arranged in two or more groups, and the solar battery units in two or more groups are connected in series in units of groups.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output positive poles and the output negative poles of multiple sets of solar cell units connected in series are located on the same side.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, more than two groups of solar battery units are connected in series through bus bars.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output positive pole and the output negative pole are connected with wires.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell units are electrically connected by conductive tape.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, more than two strings of solar battery units are arranged in a vertical direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar battery unit has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are distributed on the side surfaces in the up-down direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal back plate is an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer is a polyethylene film.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive.

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a building photovoltaic integrated component in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The building photovoltaic integrated component is characterized in that it includes the aforementioned new solar photovoltaic component, and the metal back plate is the roof of the building.

The novel solar photovoltaic module and building photovoltaic integrated module in the present invention have low voltage and are safe to use. Each solar cell unit works independently. Even if a solar cell unit is blocked or damaged, it is only a single failure of the blocked or damaged solar cell, which will not cause other solar cells to fail, nor will it cause other solar cells to fail. The circuit where it is located fails, so it is more suitable for outdoor use and is not easily affected by the external environment. When a certain part of the solar battery unit is damaged, the assembly in the invention will not produce hot spots or catch fire. The solar battery unit in the present invention, because each solar battery unit works independently and does not affect each other, so even if a certain solar battery unit is damaged, its voltage will not increase to reach the breakdown voltage, so the metal backplane can be used without is broken down, increasing the diversity of backplane material selection. Since the present invention can use the aluminum plate as the back plate, the aluminum plate has better sealing performance and extremely low water permeability, so it can more effectively protect the internal components of the solar cell, and the product has better reliability and a longer service life. When the metal back sheet is used, the metal back sheet can also be directly used as a roof panel, which enriches the performance of the solar cell module and is easier to popularize. With metal back plate, it can be fireproof. Multiple strings or groups of solar cell units are arranged up and down, and the positive and negative electrodes are located on the side, which can prevent the whole module from being damaged when foreign objects such as leaves and dust fall on the bottom.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a new solar photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the novel solar photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the solar battery unit arrangement method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the solar battery unit arrangement method in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the solar battery unit arrangement method in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a new solar photovoltaic module in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the new solar photovoltaic module includes a metal backplane 501 on which a solar photovoltaic module 510 is mounted. As shown in FIG. 2 , a solar photovoltaic module 510 includes an insulating layer 502 , a solar cell unit 503 , an adhesive layer 504 and a glass panel 505 . An insulating layer 502 is provided on the surface of the metal back plate 501; a solar battery unit 503 is laid on the insulating layer 502; an adhesive layer 504 is laid on the surface of the solar battery unit 503; a glass panel 505 is laid on the surface of the adhesive layer 504. The metal back plate 501 is an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate. The insulating layer 502 is polyethylene film. The adhesive layer 504 is ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the arrangement of the solar cell unit 505 in this embodiment is as follows: two sets of solar cell units are connected in series. Each solar cell unit can generate electricity independently. Each group of solar cell units is composed of two strings of solar cell units in parallel, that is, the first string of solar cell units 100 formed by connecting 12 solar cell units in series through conductive tape as shown in Figure 1 and the first string of solar cell units 100 formed by connecting 12 solar cell units through conductive tape. The second string of solar cell units 200 formed by connecting tapes in series. In the first string of solar battery units 100 , the first solar battery unit 101 , the second solar battery unit 102 , the third solar battery unit 103 to the twelfth solar battery unit 112 are connected in series in sequence. The second string of solar battery units 200 also includes 12 solar battery units connected in series, that is, the thirteenth solar battery unit 201 , the fourteenth solar battery unit 202 to the twenty-fourth solar battery unit 212 . The first string of solar battery units 100 and the second string of solar battery units 200 are connected in parallel through bus bars to form a group of solar battery units. In the example shown in the figure, two sets of solar battery units are provided in total, and the two sets of solar battery units are connected in series through bus bars in units of groups. After two sets of solar cell units are connected in series, their anode and cathode are on the same side, that is, the lower side as shown in FIG. 3 . The positive pole and the negative pole are respectively connected with lead wires.

In the same group, each solar battery unit in each string is connected in parallel with one solar battery unit in other strings in the same group. As shown in FIG. 3 , the first solar battery unit 101 in the first string of solar battery units 100 is connected in parallel with the thirteenth solar battery unit 201 in the second string of solar battery units 200 . The second solar battery unit 102 in the first string of solar battery units 100 is connected in parallel with the fourteenth solar battery unit 202 in the second string of solar battery units 200 until the twelfth solar battery unit in the first string of solar battery units 100 112 is connected in parallel with the twenty-fourth solar battery unit 212 in the second string of solar battery units 200 .

Those skilled in the art can understand that the metal back plate 501 and the insulating layer 502 , and the insulating layer 502 and the solar battery unit 503 can also be bonded with an appropriate adhesive to enhance the connection strength. In this embodiment, since the metal backboard 501 is used, the metal backboard 501 can be used as a roof of a building or realized by paving the insulating layer 502 on the metal roof. Therefore, the solution of this embodiment can realize building photovoltaic integration. Although polyethylene film is used for the insulating layer 502 in this embodiment, and 504 is ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive, those skilled in the art can understand that this is not a limitation of the present invention. The insulation layer, adhesive layer and other available materials available in conventional solar photovoltaic modules can all be used in the present invention.

In this embodiment, since the back plate adopts a metal back plate 501, the solar photovoltaic module 501 can be installed on a metal roof such as a color steel plate, or the structure shown in this embodiment can be made first, and then paved on the roof. The back panel 501 is used as a building roof. Therefore, the novel solar photovoltaic module in the present invention can be used as an integrated building photovoltaic module.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 4 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in that the arrangement of the solar cells is different, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. In the example shown in Figure 4, a plurality of solar battery units are connected in series to form a string, that is, the first string of solar battery units 100 formed by connecting 12 solar battery units in series through conductive tape as shown in Figure 2, consisting of 12 solar battery units The second string of solar cell units 200 formed by connecting solar cells in series through conductive tape and the third string of solar cell units 300 formed by connecting 12 solar cells in series through conductive tape. In the first string of solar battery units 100 , the first solar battery unit 101 , the second solar battery unit 102 , the third solar battery unit 103 to the twelfth solar battery unit 112 are connected in series in sequence. The second string of solar battery units 200 also includes 12 solar battery units connected in series, that is, the thirteenth solar battery unit 201 , the fourteenth solar battery unit 202 to the twenty-fourth solar battery unit 212 . The third string of solar battery units 300 also includes 12 solar battery units connected in series, that is, the twenty-fifth solar battery unit 301 , the twenty-sixth solar battery unit 302 to the thirty-sixth solar battery unit 312 .

The first string of solar battery units 100 , the second string of solar battery units 200 and the third string of solar battery units 300 are connected in parallel through bus bars to form a group of solar battery units. In the example shown in the figure, four groups of solar battery units are provided in total, and the four groups of solar battery units are connected in series through bus bars in units of groups. After four groups of solar cell units are connected in series, their positive and negative electrodes are on the same side, that is, the right side of the paper as shown in Figure 4 . The positive pole and the negative pole are respectively connected with lead wires.

In the same group, each solar battery unit in each string is connected in parallel with one solar battery unit in other strings in the same group. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first solar battery unit 101 in the first string of solar battery units 100 is connected in parallel with the thirteenth solar battery unit 201 in the second string of solar battery units 200 . The second solar battery unit 102 in the first string of solar battery units 100 is connected in parallel with the fourteenth solar battery unit 202 in the second string of solar battery units 200 until the twelfth solar battery unit in the first string of solar battery units 100 112 is connected in parallel with the twenty-fourth solar battery unit 212 in the second string of solar battery units 200 . The thirteenth solar cell unit 201 in the second string of solar cell units 200 is also connected in parallel with the twenty-fifth solar cell unit 301 in the third string of solar cell units 300; The battery unit 202 is also connected in parallel with the twenty-sixth solar battery unit 302 in the third string of solar battery units 300; until the twenty-fourth solar battery unit 212 in the second string of solar battery units 200 is also connected with the third string of solar battery units The thirty-sixth solar cell unit 312 in 300 is connected in parallel.

In actual use, according to the paper direction shown in FIG. 4 , multiple strings of solar cell units are arranged up and down, and the positive and negative electrodes are located on the right side. In this way, even if one or all of the solar battery units 100 in the first lowermost string is shaded and fails, it will not affect the operation of the solar battery units in other strings and other groups.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 5 , this embodiment is based on Embodiment 2, and an electrical connection bypass 400 is provided between two sets of solar cells connected in series, and a diode 401 is provided on the electrical connection bypass 400 . In normal use, the electrical connection between two groups of solar cells is as shown in Embodiment 2, and the electrical connection bypass 400 in this embodiment does not work. When the electrical connection between the two groups of solar cells shown in Embodiment 2 fails, and the two groups of solar cells cannot be electrically connected, the rise in the voltage between the groups will break down the diode 401, and the electrical connection bypass 400 will electrically connect the two groups of solar cells. connect.

Example 5

As shown in Figure 6, the new solar photovoltaic module includes a metal back plate 501, and the surface of the metal back plate 501 is provided with an insulating layer 502; In the solar photovoltaic module; the surface of the solar battery unit 503 is covered with an adhesive layer 504; the surface of the adhesive layer 504 is covered with a glass panel 505. The metal back plate 501 is an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate. The insulating layer 502 is polyethylene film. The adhesive layer 504 is ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive. Those skilled in the art can understand that the metal back plate 501 and the insulating layer 502 , and the insulating layer 502 and the solar battery unit 503 can also be bonded with an appropriate adhesive to enhance the connection strength. A frame 500 is arranged around the metal back plate 501 , the insulating layer 502 , the solar battery unit 503 and the glass panel 505 . The frame 500 fixes the layers as a unit. Any one of Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 can be adopted for the arrangement of solar cells.

The solar photovoltaic module and the novel solar photovoltaic module in the present invention have low voltage and are safe to use. Each solar cell unit works independently. Even if a solar cell unit is blocked or damaged, it is only a single failure of the blocked or damaged solar cell, which will not cause other solar cells to fail, nor will it cause other solar cells to fail. The circuit where it is located fails, so it is more suitable for outdoor use and is not easily affected by the external environment. When a certain part of the solar battery unit is damaged, the assembly in the invention will not produce hot spots or catch fire. In the solar cell of the present invention, since each solar cell works independently and does not affect each other, even if a certain solar cell unit is damaged, its voltage will not rise to reach the breakdown voltage, so the metal back plate can be used without being damaged. Breakdown, increasing the diversity of backplane material selection. Since the present invention can use the aluminum plate as the back plate, the aluminum plate has better sealing performance and extremely low water permeability, so it can more effectively protect the internal components of the solar cell, and the product has better reliability and a longer service life. When the metal back sheet is used, the metal back sheet can also be directly used as a roof panel, which enriches the performance of the solar cell module and is easier to popularize. With metal back plate, it can be fireproof. Multiple strings or groups of solar cell units are arranged up and down, and the positive and negative electrodes are located on the side, which can prevent the whole module from being damaged when foreign objects such as leaves and dust fall on the bottom.

The embodiments in the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the scope of the claims. Other substantially equivalent substitutions that can be thought of by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. solar energy photovoltaic component, which is characterized in that it includes metal backing, and the metal backing surface is provided with insulation Layer；Mat formation on the insulating layer solar battery cell；Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell cell surface is mated formation gluing oxidant layer；The gluing Oxidant layer is Nian Jie with glass panel by solar battery cell.

2. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solar battery cell setting Mode is：

Multiple solar battery cells are composed in series a string；

The solar battery cell is set as more than two strings, and solar battery cells more than two strings is in parallel as unit of going here and there；

Each solar battery cell in every a string is in parallel with one of solar battery cell in other strings.

3. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that solar-electricity more than two string Cell stack into each solar battery cell in one group, every a string with one of them in other each strings in group too Positive energy battery units in parallel.

4. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the solar battery cell setting To be more than two, solar battery cell more than two is connected as unit of group.

5. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 4, which is characterized in that later multigroup solar-electricity of connecting Pool unit output cathode and output negative pole are located at the same side.

6. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 4, which is characterized in that solar cell list more than two Member is connected by busbar.

7. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the output cathode and output negative pole It is connected with conducting wire.

8. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that solar battery cell passes through conduction Adhesive tape is electrically connected.

9. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that solar cell lists more than two strings First upper and lower directions arrangement.

10. the solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 2 or 9, which is characterized in that the solar cell list Member has anode and cathode, the side of the anode and cathode distribution in above-below direction.

11. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal backing for aluminium sheet or Aluminium alloy plate.

12. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the insulating layer is polyethylene film.

13. solar energy photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gluing oxidant layer is ethylene-vinegar Sour adhesive ethylene.

14. building integrated photovoltaic component, which is characterized in that novel described in including claim 1 to 13 any claim Solar photovoltaic assembly, the metal backing are building roof.