CN108150122B - Shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108150122B CN108150122B CN201810171877.5A CN201810171877A CN108150122B CN 108150122 B CN108150122 B CN 108150122B CN 201810171877 A CN201810171877 A CN 201810171877A CN 108150122 B CN108150122 B CN 108150122B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler and a sampling method thereof, wherein the sampler consists of a reducing joint, a split joint, an adjusting single-acting mechanism, an outer pipe, a core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism, a reamer, a core clamping mechanism and a drill bit; the invention has the function of fracture prevention, and is particularly suitable for core sampling of easily-broken stratums such as shale, oil shale, shale gas, natural gas hydrate, coalbed methane and the like; when sampling is performed on different rock layers and different depths, only different refrigerating capacity and valve pressure values are required to be set according to the needs, the operation is simple, and the device is suitable for various cold sources and has wide application range; by adopting the hole bottom self-starting type freezing method, manual operation can be reduced, and the efficiency is improved; the invention has the alarm function after freezing, and is simple to disassemble and operate after being lifted to the ground surface, thereby being convenient for the subsequent analysis and test work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of freeze coring of a breakable stratum, in particular to a shale anti-breakage self-starting type freeze sampler and a sampling method thereof.
Background
The rock core is the complete first-hand data obtained in the oil and gas exploration and development process, and a large amount of analysis and research on the rock core can provide basis for formulating a reasonable development scheme, accurately calculating oil and gas field reserves and formulating production-increasing measures. Searching oil gas in a deposit basin, sampling and testing core from a target layer to analyze various oil (gas) indexes, selecting the target layer and favorable region for exploring the oil and gas reservoir from the angle of the oil (gas) according to the result of testing, and further knowing the distribution condition of oil, gas and water in the reservoir layer, the porosity, permeability, saturation and effective thickness of the oil and gas layer by analyzing the core taken out so as to determine the industrial exploitation value of the oil and gas layer. Therefore, in each stage of oil and gas field exploration and development, in order to find out the property of a reservoir oil and gas layer or check the development effect of the oil and gas field from formation comparison of a large area, any research step is not separated from observation and research on a rock core.
Shale oil gas has typical self-generation and self-storage characteristics, and is a novel unconventional oil gas resource with huge resource potential. At present, shale gas exploration and development are made a series of major breakthroughs in Sichuan basin and peripheral regions thereof in China, shale gas producing areas such as Fuling, changning, weiyuan and the like are formed, particularly, the first large shale gas field of nearly four trillion sides in Sichuan southeast is found, shale belongs to the transitional rock type between shale and shale, the imperfect development of the shale is seen, the shale is generally the sediment product from shallow lakes to deep lakes, the common shale types are shale, carbonaceous shale, siliceous shale, calcareous shale and the like, when a certain amount of sand component is mixed in the shale, the sand shale is formed, the organic shale is the main rock type for forming the shale oil gas, the shale oil gas is one of unconventional oil gas, and the shale oil reservoir has become an exploration breakthrough target.
The microcosmic pore structure and distribution characteristics of the oil-gas reservoir play a decisive role in the rules of the reservoir capacity, the seepage mechanism and the like, the reservoir properties, microcosmic pore structure characteristics and distribution rules of shale and shale reservoirs in different deposition environments are generally greatly different, and the shale is easy to crack, peel off, collapse and sensitive to water, so that samples with complete reservoir properties are difficult to obtain in the drilling and sampling process.
At present, the sampling technology of shale gas comprises conventional coring and special coring, and the special coring technology mainly comprises a closed coring technology, a pressure-maintaining closed coring technology and a horizontal well coring technology; when the core is closed, sealing liquid is generally adopted, the cost is relatively high, and the core is easily eroded by flowing drilling liquid, so that pollution is caused; the sealing is completed by means of ball valves, the reliability is improved, the whole set of mechanism is complex, a plurality of vulnerable parts are easy to cause sealing failure, the success rate is still low, the cold source starting mode of freezing sampling is mainly realized by adopting external ground surface ball throwing and cold source, and the cold source starting mode is difficult to control due to the fact that human factors are more. Therefore, the development of the novel coring device and the coring method which are suitable for the property of the shale has practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of easiness in breaking, easiness in pollution, low sampling rate, poor cold source starting controllability and the like of the core of the conventional sampler, and provides a shale anti-breaking self-starting type freezing sampler and a sampling method thereof.
The invention relates to a shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler which consists of a reducing joint, a split joint, an adjusting single-acting mechanism, an outer pipe, a core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism, a reamer, a core clamping mechanism and a drill bit, wherein the reducing joint, the split joint, the adjusting single-acting mechanism, the core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism and the core clamping mechanism are sequentially connected together in a threaded manner;
The upper part of the reducing joint is in threaded connection with the drill rod, and the lower part of the reducing joint is in threaded connection with the diverting joint;
the upper part of the split joint is in threaded connection with the reducing joint, and the lower part of the split joint is in threaded connection with the single-acting shaft and the outer pipe respectively;
the adjusting single-acting mechanism comprises an adjusting nut, a single-acting shaft, an O-shaped sealing ring, a bearing upper joint, a bearing support sleeve, a gasket, a nut and a bearing lower joint, wherein the adjusting nut is screwed into threads at the upper part of the single-acting shaft;
The upper part of the outer tube is in threaded connection with the lower part of the diverting joint, and the lower part of the outer tube is in threaded connection with the reamer;
The core breakage-proof and cold source starting coring mechanism comprises a cold source injection valve, a heat preservation layer, a bearing lower joint, a freezing cavity blocking head, a freezing control valve path, a buffer air valve, a core taking pipe, heat insulation paint and a sealing baffle, wherein the freezing control valve path comprises a positioning nut, a spring, a control block and a starting valve;
The upper part of the reamer is connected with the lower part of the outer tube through threads, and the lower part of the reamer is connected with the drill bit through threads;
The core clamping mechanism comprises a clamping spring seat, a clamping spring retainer ring and a clamping spring, wherein the clamping spring retainer ring and the clamping spring are sequentially positioned in the clamping spring seat from top to bottom, and the upper part of the clamping spring seat is in threaded connection with the lower part of the core taking pipe;
the upper part of the drill bit is in threaded connection with the lower part of the reamer.
The invention relates to a shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampling method, which comprises the following steps:
1. Before coring begins, firstly assembling a drilling tool on the surface, adjusting the position of an adjusting nut to adjust the gap between a clamping spring seat and a drill bit, simultaneously injecting a cold source into a cold source storage chamber through a cold source injection valve, setting the freezing capacity of the cold source according to the type of a core to be cored, the size of an inner pipe and the distance from the inner pipe to the drill bit at the bottom, setting the opening pressure of a starting valve according to the type of the core to be cored, injecting inert gas (nitrogen, argon and the like) into the core to enable the air pressure to be equal to the liquid column pressure at the bottom of a drilled hole through a buffer air valve, and determining the gas compression capacity in the core to be the coring height by the pressure difference between the opening pressure and the liquid column pressure, wherein a sealing baffle is pressed on a preset step at the lower part of the core to be cored;
2. In the process of lowering the drilling tool, drilling fluid in the hole is filled with the clamping spring seat and contacts the sealing baffle plate, the pressure of the drilling fluid at the lower part is always smaller than the pressure born by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate, and the pressure is equal to the pressure born by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate when the drilling fluid reaches the hole bottom, so that the sealing baffle plate is always in the original position, after the drilling tool reaches the hole bottom, a slurry pump is started, and the drilling fluid enters the annular space of the adjusting single-acting mechanism and the inner pipe and the outer pipe from the inside of the drill rod through the reducing joint and the diversion channel and is sprayed out through a water gap of the drill bit;
3. In the drilling process, an adjusting single-acting system is formed by an adjusting nut, a single-acting shaft, an O-shaped sealing ring, an upper bearing joint, a bearing support sleeve, a gasket, a nut and a lower bearing joint, so that the clearance between a clamping spring seat and a drill bit can be adjusted, the single-acting shaft and the upper part can rotate along with a drill rod, and the upper bearing joint and the lower bearing joint remain stationary;
4. Meanwhile, in the coring process, as the rock core continuously enters, the clamping spring seat and the original drilling fluid in the coring pipe are extruded from the hole at the lower part of the coring pipe, the original drilling fluid is discharged, then the rock core is upwards compressed to form a sealing baffle plate, the upper air pressure of the sealing baffle plate is continuously increased in the compressed process, so that the rock core is subjected to an increasing confining pressure to prevent the fragmentation of the rock core, when the coring height is reached, the pressure value at the upper part of the sealing baffle plate exceeds the opening pressure of a starting valve, the starting valve is opened, gas enters a channel in a control valve path, a control block, a compression spring is pushed, an opening on the control block is communicated with a cold source channel, the cold source is downwards moved into the inner annular space of the coring pipe, the rock core is frozen, the annular space of the rock core pipe and an outer pipe cannot be frozen due to the effect of heat insulation paint, the drilling fluid at the upper part cannot be downwards moved, the pressure is continuously increased, and the surface pump indicates that the coring is completed, and the core is subjected to extraction operation is prompted;
5. after the sampler is lifted to the earth surface, the inner tube can be detached only by melting ice between the clamping spring seat and the annular space of the inner tube to obtain a frozen core, so that the subsequent operation is convenient.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention has simple and reasonable structure, safety and reliability, convenient installation and disassembly and relatively low cost. The anti-cracking function is particularly suitable for core sampling of easily-cracked stratum such as shale, oil shale, shale gas, natural gas hydrate, coalbed methane and the like, and has good effect. When different rock layers and different depths are sampled, only different refrigerating capacity and valve pressure values are required to be set according to the needs, the operation is simple, and the device is suitable for various cold sources and has wide application range. By adopting the in-hole (in-well) self-starting type freezing method, manual intervention is not needed, manual operation can be reduced, efficiency is improved, an alarm function is provided after freezing is finished, drilling lifting operation is prompted, after the ground surface is lifted, the disassembly operation is simple, follow-up work is facilitated, practicability is improved, and working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the invention at B;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the invention at A-A';
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first portion of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second portion of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of a third portion of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention discloses a shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler, which consists of a reducing joint 1, a diverting joint 2, an adjusting single-acting mechanism 3, an outer pipe 4, a core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism 5, a reamer 6, a core breaking mechanism 7 and a drill bit 8, wherein the reducing joint 1, the diverting joint 2, the adjusting single-acting mechanism 3, the core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism 5 and the core breaking mechanism 7 are sequentially connected together in a threaded manner, and the reducing joint 1, the diverting joint 2, the outer pipe 4, the reamer 6 and the drill bit 8 are sequentially connected together in a threaded manner;
the upper part of the reducing joint 1 is in threaded connection with a drill rod, and the lower part of the reducing joint is in threaded connection with the diverting joint 2;
The upper part of the shunt joint 2 is in threaded connection with the reducing joint 1, and the lower part of the shunt joint 2 is in threaded connection with the single-acting shaft 32 and the outer tube 4 respectively;
The adjusting single-acting mechanism 3 comprises an adjusting nut 31, a single-acting shaft 32, an O-shaped sealing ring 33, a bearing upper joint 34, a bearing 35, a bearing support sleeve 36, a gasket 37, a nut 38 and a bearing lower joint 53, wherein the adjusting nut 31 is screwed into threads on the upper part of the single-acting shaft 32, the upper part of the single-acting shaft 32 is in threaded connection with the shunt joint 2, the O-shaped sealing ring 33 is positioned in a groove on the inner wall of the bearing upper joint 34, the bearing 35, the bearing support sleeve 36 and the gasket 37 are sequentially arranged on the single-acting shaft 32 from top to bottom, and are locked on the single-acting shaft 32 through the threads of the nut 38, and the bearing upper joint 34 is in threaded connection with the bearing lower joint 53;
the upper part of the outer tube 4 is in threaded connection with the lower part of the diverting joint 2, and the lower part is in threaded connection with the reamer 6;
The core breakage-proof and cold source starting coring mechanism 5 comprises a cold source injection valve 51, a heat preservation layer 52, a bearing lower joint 53, a freezing cavity blocking head 54, a freezing control valve path 55, a buffer air valve 56, a coring pipe 57, a heat insulation paint 571 and a sealing baffle plate 58, wherein the freezing control valve path 55 comprises a positioning nut 551, a spring 552, a control block 553 and a starting valve 554, the cold source injection valve 51 is positioned in a hole of the upper part of the bearing lower joint 53, which is connected with an inner and outer pipe annulus and a cold source storage chamber 531, the heat preservation layer 52 covers the outer wall of the cold source storage chamber 531, the lower part of the bearing lower joint 53 is in threaded connection with the upper part of the coring pipe 57, the freezing cavity blocking head 54 is positioned in the upper part of the coring pipe 57, the freezing control valve path 55 is positioned in the freezing cavity blocking head 54, the positioning nut 551 is in threaded connection with the freezing cavity blocking head 54, the spring 552 and the control block 553 are closed in the inner channel of the freezing cavity blocking head 54, the starting valve 554 is positioned in the lower channel of the freezing cavity blocking head 54, the upper part of the coring pipe 57 is in threaded connection with the lower part of the bearing lower joint 53, the lower part of the bearing lower joint 57 is in the threaded connection with the upper part of the coring pipe 57, the lower part of the freezing cavity blocking head 57 is in the threaded connection with the clamping seat 71, the upper part is positioned in the upper part of the coring pipe 57, the sealing baffle plate 57 is positioned in the sealed hollow pipe 57, and the inner space is sealed inside the upper part of the hollow pipe 57;
the upper part of the reamer 6 is in threaded connection with the lower part of the outer tube 4, and the lower part of the reamer is in threaded connection with the drill bit 8;
The core clamping mechanism 7 comprises a clamping spring seat 71, a clamping spring retainer ring 72 and a clamping spring 73, wherein the clamping spring retainer ring 72 and the clamping spring 73 are sequentially positioned in the clamping spring seat 71 from top to bottom, and the upper part of the clamping spring seat 71 is in threaded connection with the lower part of the core taking pipe 57;
The upper part of the drill bit 8 is in threaded connection with the lower part of the reamer 6.
The invention relates to a shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampling method, which comprises the following steps:
1-6, selecting a breakage-proof self-starting type freezing sampler with proper size according to the coring requirement, wherein the outer diameters of the drilling tool size specifications are 89mm, 114mm, 131mm and 140mm respectively;
1. Before the anti-cracking self-starting type frozen sampler is used, a drilling tool is assembled on the ground, the position of an adjusting nut 31 is adjusted to adjust the gap between a clamping spring seat 71 and a drill bit 8, meanwhile, a cold source is injected into a cold source storage chamber 531 through a cold source injection valve 51, the freezing capacity of the cold source is determined according to the type of a core to be obtained, the size of an inner pipe and the distance from the inner pipe to the drill bit at the bottom, an opening pressure P 1 of a starting valve 554 is set according to the type of the core to be obtained, inert gas (nitrogen, argon and the like) is injected into the core to be obtained 57 through a buffer air valve 56, so that the air pressure P 2 of the inert gas is equal to the liquid column pressure at the bottom of a drilling hole, the pressure difference deltap between the opening pressure P 1 and the liquid column pressure P 2 determines the gas compression capacity in the core to be obtained 57, namely the core obtaining height, and the sealing baffle 58 is pressed on a preset step at the lower part of the core to be obtained 57;
2. In the process of lowering the drilling tool, drilling fluid in the hole is filled with the clamping spring seat 71 and contacts the sealing baffle plate 58, the pressure of the drilling fluid at the lower part is always smaller than the pressure born by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate 58 and equal to the pressure born by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate 58 when the drilling tool reaches the hole bottom, so that the sealing baffle plate 58 is always in the original position, a slurry pump is started after the drilling tool reaches the hole bottom, and the drilling fluid enters the annular space of the adjusting single-acting mechanism 3 and the inner pipe and the outer pipe 4 through the reducing joint 1 and the diversion channel 21 and is sprayed out through a water gap of the drill bit 8;
3. In the drilling process, an adjusting nut 31, a single-acting shaft 32, an O-shaped sealing ring 33, a bearing upper joint 34, a bearing 35, a bearing support sleeve 36, a gasket 37, a nut 38 and a bearing lower joint 53 form an adjusting single-acting system, so that the clearance between a clamping spring seat 71 and a drill bit 8 can be adjusted, the single-acting shaft 32 and above can rotate along with a drill rod, and the bearing upper joint 34 and below keep still;
4. Meanwhile, in the coring process, as the core continuously enters, the jump ring seat 71 and the original drilling fluid in the core 57 are extruded from the hole 572 at the lower part of the core 57 to discharge the original drilling fluid, then the core moves upwards to compress the sealing baffle 58, the upper air pressure of the sealing baffle 58 is continuously increased in the compression process, so that the core is subjected to an increasing confining pressure to prevent the fragmentation of the core, when the core reaches a certain coring height, the pressure value P 3 at the upper part of the sealing baffle 58 exceeds the opening pressure P 1 of the starting valve 554, the starting valve 554 is opened, the gas enters a channel in the control valve circuit 55 to push the control block 553, the compression spring 552, the opening 555 on the control block 553 is communicated with the cold source channel 59, the cold source moves downwards and enters the inner annular space of the core 57, the core is frozen, the annular space between the core 57 and the outer pipe 4 is not frozen due to the effect of the heat insulation paint 571, the annular space between the jump ring seat 71 and the outer pipe 4 is not coated with the heat insulation paint, the upper drilling fluid cannot move downwards, the pressure is not increased, the mud is represented, and the drilling operation is carried out by the pumping is carried out, and the core is carried out, the drilling pump is carried out, the number is represented by the number is carried out;
5. after the sampler is lifted to the ground surface, the inner pipe can be dismounted only by melting ice between the clamping spring seat 71 and the annular space of the outer pipe 4 to obtain a frozen core, so that the subsequent operation is convenient.
Claims (1)
1. A shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampling method is characterized in that: the shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler comprises a reducing joint (1), a diverting joint (2), an adjusting single-acting mechanism (3), an outer tube (4), a core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism (5), a reamer (6), a core clamping mechanism (7) and a drill bit (8), wherein the reducing joint (1), the diverting joint (2), the adjusting single-acting mechanism (3), the core anti-fragmentation and cold source starting coring mechanism (5) and the core clamping mechanism (7) are sequentially connected together in a threaded manner, and the reducing joint (1), the diverting joint (2), the outer tube (4), the reamer (6) and the drill bit (8) are sequentially connected together in a threaded manner;
The upper part of the reducing joint (1) is in threaded connection with the drill rod, and the lower part of the reducing joint is in threaded connection with the diverting joint (2);
The upper part of the diverting joint (2) is in threaded connection with the reducing joint (1), and the lower part of the diverting joint is in threaded connection with the single-acting shaft (32) and the outer tube (4) respectively;
The adjusting single-acting mechanism (3) comprises an adjusting nut (31), a single-acting shaft (32), an O-shaped sealing ring (33), a bearing upper joint (34), a bearing (35), a bearing support sleeve (36), a gasket (37), a nut (38) and a bearing lower joint (53), wherein the adjusting nut (31) is screwed into threads at the upper part of the single-acting shaft (32), the upper part of the single-acting shaft (32) is in threaded connection with the split joint (2), the O-shaped sealing ring (33) is positioned in a groove in the inner wall of the bearing upper joint (34), the bearing (35), the bearing support sleeve (36) and the gasket (37) are sequentially arranged on the single-acting shaft (32) from top to bottom, and are locked on the single-acting shaft (32) through the threads of the nut (38), and the bearing upper joint (34) is in threaded connection with the bearing lower joint (53);
The upper part of the outer tube (4) is in threaded connection with the lower part of the diverting joint (2), and the lower part is in threaded connection with the reamer (6);
The core shatter prevention and cold source starting coring mechanism (5) comprises a cold source injection valve (51), an insulating layer (52), a bearing lower joint (53), a freezing cavity plugging head (54), a freezing control valve path (55), a buffer air valve (56), a core taking pipe (57), heat insulation paint (571) and a sealing baffle plate (58), wherein the freezing control valve path (55) comprises a positioning nut (551), a spring (552), a control block (553) and a starting valve (554), the cold source injection valve (51) is positioned in a hole of an inner and outer pipe annular space and a cold source storage chamber (531) which are connected with the upper part of the bearing lower joint (53), the insulating layer (52) covers the outer wall of the cold source storage chamber (531), the lower part of the bearing lower joint (53) is in threaded connection with the upper part of the core taking pipe (57), the freezing cavity plugging head (54) is positioned in the upper part of the core taking pipe (57), the freezing control valve path (55) is in threaded connection with the bearing lower joint (53), the positioning nut (551) is in the interior of the freezing cavity plugging head (54), the positioning nut (551) is in threaded connection with the freezing cavity plugging head (54), the spring (552) and the control block (54) are in threaded connection with the inner part of the freezing cavity plugging head (54) in the inner part of the closed channel lower joint (53), the lower part is in threaded connection with the clamp spring seat (71), the buffer air valve (56) is positioned in an opening of the pipe wall at the upper part of the core tube (57), and the sealing baffle (58) is positioned in the core tube (57) so as to form a sealing space in the core tube (57);
the upper part of the reamer (6) is in threaded connection with the lower part of the outer tube (4), and the lower part of the reamer is in threaded connection with the drill bit (8);
the core clamping mechanism (7) comprises a clamping spring seat (71), a clamping spring retainer ring (72) and a clamping spring (73), wherein the clamping spring retainer ring (72) and the clamping spring (73) are sequentially positioned inside the clamping spring seat (71) from top to bottom, and the upper part of the clamping spring seat (71) is in threaded connection with the lower part of the core taking pipe (57);
the upper part of the drill bit (8) is in threaded connection with the lower part of the reamer (6);
The specific sampling method is as follows:
1. Before the anti-cracking self-starting type frozen sampler is used, according to the coring requirement, selecting an anti-cracking self-starting type frozen sampler with a proper size, firstly assembling a drilling tool on the ground, adjusting the position of an adjusting nut (31) to adjust the gap between a clamping spring seat (71) and a drill bit (8), simultaneously injecting a cold source into a cold source storage chamber (531) through a cold source injection valve (51), setting the freezing capacity of the cold source according to the type of a core to be taken, the size of an inner pipe and the distance from the drill bit at the bottom, setting the opening pressure P 1 of a starting valve (554) according to the type of the core to be taken, injecting inert gas into the core to enable the gas pressure P 2 to be equal to the liquid column pressure at the bottom of a drilling hole, and determining the gas compression quantity in the core to be the coring height by the pressure difference deltap between the opening pressure P 1 and the liquid column pressure P 2, wherein the sealing baffle (58) is pressed on a preset upper core pipe (57) under the pressure action in the core to be coring height;
2. In the process of lowering the drilling tool, drilling fluid in the hole is filled with a clamping spring seat (71), contacts with the sealing baffle plate (58), and the pressure of the drilling fluid at the lower part is always smaller than the pressure borne by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate (58) and equal to the pressure borne by the upper part of the sealing baffle plate when the drilling tool reaches the hole bottom, so that the sealing baffle plate (58) is always in the original position, after the drilling tool reaches the hole bottom, a slurry pump is started, and the drilling fluid enters the annular space of the adjusting single-acting mechanism (3) and the inner pipe and the outer pipe (4) through the reducing joint (1) and the diversion channel (21) and is sprayed out through the water gap of the drill bit (8);
3. In the drilling process, an adjusting nut (31), a single-acting shaft (32), an O-shaped sealing ring (33), an upper bearing joint (34), a bearing (35), a bearing support sleeve (36), a gasket (37), a nut (38) and a lower bearing joint (53) form an adjusting single-acting system, so that a gap between a clamping spring seat (71) and a drill bit (8) can be adjusted, the single-acting shaft (32) and above can rotate along with a drill rod, and the upper bearing joint (34) and the lower bearing joint remain stationary;
4. Meanwhile, in the coring process, as the core continuously enters, original drilling fluid in a clamp spring seat (71) and a core taking pipe (57) is extruded from a hole (572) at the lower part of the core taking pipe (57) and is discharged, then the core moves upwards to compress a sealing baffle plate (58), the upper air pressure of the sealing baffle plate (58) is continuously increased in the compression process, so that the core is subjected to an increasing confining pressure to prevent the fragmentation of the core, when the core reaches a certain coring height, the pressure value P 3 at the upper part of the sealing baffle plate (58) exceeds the opening pressure P 1 of a starting valve (554), the starting valve (554) is opened, the gas enters a channel in a control valve circuit (55), a control block (553) is pushed, a compression spring (552), the hole (555) in the control block (553) is communicated with a cold source channel (59), the cold source moves downwards and enters the inner annular space of the core taking pipe (57), the core is frozen due to the effect of a heat insulation paint (571), the annular space between the core and the clamp spring (58) is not blocked, when the upper annular space (71) and the drilling fluid is not coated with the heat insulation paint (571), and the drilling fluid cannot be lifted, and the drilling fluid cannot flow from the annular space is not lifted, and the drilling fluid is completely;
5. After the sampler is lifted to the earth surface, the inner pipe can be detached only by melting ice between the clamping spring seat (71) and the annular space of the outer pipe (4), so that a frozen core is obtained, and the subsequent operation is convenient.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810171877.5A CN108150122B (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler and sampling method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810171877.5A CN108150122B (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Shale anti-fragmentation self-starting type freezing sampler and sampling method thereof |
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| CN108150122B true CN108150122B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109113614B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-03-06 | 四川大学 | Constant temperature and constant pressure core fidelity chamber |
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