CN108425661B - Coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum drilling and production, and particularly relates to a coiled tubing steel shot jet perforation device which comprises a perforation liquid storage tank, a sand mixing pump, a steel shot storage tank, a screw conveyor, a fracturing pump, a liquid inlet valve body, a liquid discharge valve body, a cable car, a coiled tubing, a whipstock, an anchoring device, a righting device, a perforating device, a nozzle and the like.

Description

Coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device

Technical field

The invention relates to a coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device, belonging to the field of oil drilling and production.

Background technique

In recent years, oil wells in my country's old oilfields have generally entered the late stages of production. How to ensure stable production of old oilfields is very important. However, the reserves of new oilfields are mostly tight, low-permeability, heavy oil reservoirs, which are difficult to exploit. At present, unconventional resources such as shale oil and gas and coalbed methane have gradually become a hot spot for development. In order to increase oil and gas production, perforation and fracturing are currently used to increase production in reservoirs. However, conventional perforation has the problems of small perforation diameter and The shallow depth and long construction time can easily cause reservoir compaction damage, resulting in low reservoir permeability in the perforation area and poor production stimulation effect. With the continuous development of coiled tubing technology, this technology has been widely used in petroleum engineering fields such as sand washing, gas lift, wax removal, acidification, waxing, drilling, perforating, and descaling. Coiled tubing technology can significantly improve construction The mobility of operations can improve the degree of automation, greatly improve operation efficiency, reduce costs, and make operations safer and more environmentally friendly. With the update and improvement of special equipment for coiled tubing technology, coiled tubing technology will play an important role in the field of oil and gas drilling. Greater advantage. Particle impact drilling technology is one of the effective ways to solve the current problems of slow drilling speed and high cost in deep well hard formations and highly abrasive formations. This technology adds a certain proportion of steel particles to the drilling fluid, and the steel particles are added to the drilling fluid. Carried by the drill bit, it is accelerated and ejected from the downhole drill bit nozzle, and impacts the formation rocks at high speed, which can effectively improve the rock breaking efficiency, increase the mechanical penetration rate, and reduce drilling costs.

Based on the above analysis, the present invention proposes a coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device. This method can use the improved liquid inlet valve body and liquid discharge valve body structure on the ground to realize the fracturing pump mixing with large diameter and high density. The high-pressure and effective sealing of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid by the steel particles increases the working life of the inlet and discharge valve bodies of the fracturing pump. The coiled tubing is used to transport the steel particles and fluid to the downhole perforation tool to improve tripping efficiency. Steel particles and fluid are ejected from the optimized nozzle downhole, achieving high-speed and high-frequency impact of the steel particles on the casing and formation rocks. Compared with conventional hydraulic sandblasting perforation (quartz sand), the density of the steel particles is High, large in diameter and regular in shape, it carries high energy, which can effectively improve the penetration efficiency of casing and cement sheaths, increase the diameter of casing holes, greatly increase the perforation depth and diameter of the formation, thereby increasing the reservoir oil drainage area. , improve oil and gas flow capacity and increase reservoir production.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a fracturing pump that can effectively seal large-diameter, high-density steel grains, solid-liquid two-phase fluid at high pressure, transport steel grains and fluids through coiled tubing, improve tripping efficiency, and steel It is a coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device in which particles and fluids are ejected from an optimized nozzle downhole, quickly penetrate the casing and cement sheath, effectively increase the perforation depth and diameter, and increase reservoir production.

The coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device of the present invention includes a perforating fluid storage tank, a sand mixing pump, a steel particle storage tank, a screw conveyor, a fracturing pump, a liquid inlet valve body, a liquid discharge valve body, a cable car, It consists of injector, blowout preventer, coiled tubing, whipstock, anchoring device, cement ring, casing, connecting sub-joint, centralizing device, perforating device, nozzle, perforation hole, packer and positioning device. The perforating fluid storage tank is cylindrical and can store perforating fluid. The perforating fluid in the perforating fluid storage tank is transported to the sand mixing pump through pipelines. The steel particle storage tank has an upper and lower hemisphere and a middle cylindrical structure, which can carry steel particles. storage, and can realize the smooth fall of steel particles to prevent steel particles from being deposited and blocked in the steel particle storage tank. A screw conveyor is installed at the lower outlet of the steel particle storage tank. The screw conveyor can pass the steel particles in the steel particle storage tank through the blades. The spiral action of the sand mixing pump mixes the perforating fluid and steel particles evenly, and then transports the steel particles and perforating fluid to the fracturing pump through the pipeline. There are three liquid inlet valve bodies and three inlet valves at the front end of the fracturing pump. There are three drain valve bodies. The liquid inlet valve body is set at the lower part of the fracturing pump. The drain valve body is set at the upper part of the fracturing pump. The surface of the liquid inlet valve seat inside the liquid inlet valve body is provided with grooves spaced at a certain distance. When the liquid valve seat is in contact with the liquid inlet valve ball, if there are large-diameter and high-density steel particles blocking it, the steel ball will be pressed into the groove, which can achieve high-pressure and effective sealing between the liquid valve seat and the liquid inlet valve ball. After the liquid valve seat and the liquid inlet valve ball are separated, the steel particles in the groove can leave the groove carried by the fluid. The fracturing pump is connected to the cable car through a pipeline. The mixture of steel balls and perforating fluid output by the fracturing pump passes through the pipeline. The coiled tubing transported to the cable car passes through the injector and blowout preventer in sequence. The whipstock is set at the lower part of the vertical well section. The whipstock is fixed in the casing through the lower anchoring device. The whipstock can guide the coiled tubing into the designed track. The connecting nipple is set at the end of the coiled tubing to realize the coiled tubing and centralizing device. The connection, the centralizing device can ensure that the coiled tubing and the perforating device are centered, so that the coiled tubing and the perforating device can pass smoothly in the wellbore, and at the same time ensure the smooth progress of the perforating operation. The perforating device is set at the lower part of the centralizing device, and the nozzle settings are distributed Around the perforating device, steel particles and perforating fluid enter the connecting nipple, centralizing device, and perforating device in sequence, and then eject at high speed through the nozzle, penetrating the casing and cement ring, forming perforations inside the formation, achieving In order to quickly penetrate the casing and cement sheath, the depth and diameter of the perforation hole are increased. Multiple nozzle installation ports are provided on the perforation device. The number of nozzle installations can be selected. The remaining nozzles are blocked with blind nozzles, and the packer is set At the lower part of the perforating device, the fluid and pressure inside the hole can be isolated. The positioning device is installed at the lower part of the packer to locate the perforating position and orientation. The direction of movement of the steel particles and perforating fluid mixture is, steel After the particles and perforating fluid are mixed by the sand mixing pump, they are pressurized by the fracturing pump and then enter the coiled tubing on the cable car. Then they pass through the injector and blowout preventer, reach the underground connection joint, and pass through the centralizing device and perforating device in turn. The nozzle jets out at high speed to impact the casing, cement sheath and formation.

The liquid inlet valve body can realize on/off control of the liquid inlet of the fracturing pump. The liquid inlet valve spring is installed on the upper part of the liquid inlet valve body. The spring elastic force is used to control the reciprocating movement of the lower liquid inlet valve ball to control the entry of fluid. The lower part of the liquid inlet valve ball is set The inlet valve seat achieves sealing of the inlet fluid through the cooperation of the inlet valve ball and the contact spherical surface of the inlet valve seat. A series of grooves spaced at a certain distance are set on the surface of the inlet valve seat. When the inlet valve ball contacts the inlet When the liquid valve seat is in contact, if there are large-diameter steel particles in the middle, the steel particles will enter the groove on the surface of the liquid inlet valve seat due to the mutual pressure between the liquid inlet valve ball and the liquid inlet valve seat, ensuring the liquid inlet. The close contact between the valve ball and the sealing surface of the liquid inlet valve seat achieves high-pressure sealing of the liquid inlet valve body. The drainage valve body can realize on/off control of the fracturing pump drainage. The drainage valve spring is installed on the upper part of the drainage valve body, and uses elastic force to control the reciprocating movement of the lower drainage valve ball to control the discharge of fluid. The lower part of the drainage valve ball The drain valve seat is set, and the drain fluid is sealed through the cooperation of the drain valve ball and the drain valve seat contact spherical surface. A series of grooves spaced at a certain distance are set on the surface of the drain valve seat. When the drain valve ball and the drain valve seat contact the spherical surface, the drain valve seat is When the drain valve seat is in contact, if there are large-diameter steel particles in the middle, the steel particles will enter the groove on the surface of the drain valve seat due to the mutual pressure of the drain valve ball and the drain valve seat, ensuring that The close contact between the drain valve ball and the sealing surface of the drain valve seat achieves high-pressure sealing of the drain valve body.

The nozzle is set on the surface of the perforating device and is connected to the perforating device through threads. By changing the angle and direction of the threaded hole of the perforating device, the direction of the steel particle jet ejected from the nozzle can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the perforating direction. The material of the nozzle body It is a cemented carbide. The flow channel in the nozzle consists of four parts. From top to bottom, they are the arc section, the cone angle section, the straight line section, and the expansion section. The length ratio of the arc section, the cone angle section, the straight line section, and the expansion section is 1:3:2:0.4, the cone angle of the cone angle section is 30°~40°, the ratio of the nozzle length to the inner diameter of the straight line section is 4~6, the cone angle of the expansion section is 100°~120°, the expansion section can pass through the straight section The accelerated steel particles and fluid are ejected from the nozzle more smoothly, optimizing the flow field of the steel particle jet.

The specific operating steps of a coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device mentioned in the present invention are as follows:

The first step: clean the wellbore, connect the surface pipelines, and after passing the pressure test, open the tubing and casing valves;

Step 2: Start the cable car, use coiled tubing to transport the connecting sub, centralizing device, perforating device, packer, and positioning device downhole, and perform positioning and depth calibration;

Step 3: Start the sand mixing pump and fracturing pump, and open the perforating fluid storage tank valve. After the perforating fluid passes through the sand mixing pump and fracturing pump, it enters the wellbore until the perforating fluid fills the wellbore;

Step 4: Open the valve of the steel granule storage tank, start the screw conveyor, and transport the perforating fluid and steel granules to the sand mixing pump. After being pressurized by the fracturing pump, they are transported to the downhole perforation device through the coiled tubing. The steel granules and The perforating fluid is ejected from the nozzle and impacts the casing, cement sheath, and formation to complete the perforating process;

Step 5: Close the valve of the steel granule storage tank, close the screw conveyor, and only inject perforating fluid into the wellbore. After carrying the remaining steel granules in the wellbore, close the sand mixing pump and fracturing pump, close the well and blowout, and complete the construction. Operation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can realize effective high-pressure sealing of large-diameter, high-density steel grains, solid-liquid two-phase fluid by a fracturing pump, transport steel grains and fluids through coiled tubing, improve tripping efficiency, and remove steel grains downhole The fluid is ejected from the optimized nozzle to achieve rapid penetration of the casing and cement sheath, effectively increasing the perforation depth and diameter of the formation, increasing the oil drainage area of the reservoir, and increasing the production of the reservoir.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Perforating fluid storage tank 2, sand mixing pump 3, steel granule storage tank 4, screw conveyor 5, fracturing pump 6, liquid inlet valve body 7, liquid discharge valve body 8, cable car 9, injector 10. Blowout preventer 11, coiled tubing 12, whipstock 13, anchoring device 14, cement ring 15, casing 16, connecting nipple 17, centralizing device 18, perforating device 19, nozzle 20, perforation hole 21 , packer 22, positioning device 23, formation.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid inlet valve body and the liquid discharge valve body of the present invention.

In the picture: 6-1, inlet valve spring 6-2, inlet valve ball 6-3, inlet valve seat 7-1, drain valve spring 7-2, drain valve ball 7-3, drain valve seat.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the nozzle of the present invention.

In the figure: 19-1, nozzle body 19-2, arc segment 19-3, cone angle segment 19-4, straight line segment 19-5, expansion segment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figure 1, the coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device according to the present invention includes a perforating fluid storage tank 1, a sand mixing pump 2, a steel particle storage tank 3, a screw conveyor 4, a fracturing pump 5, an inlet Liquid valve body 6, drain valve body 7, cable car 8, injector 9, blowout preventer 10, coiled tubing 11, whipstock 12, anchoring device 13, cement ring 14, casing 15, connecting nipple 16, Centralizing device 17, perforating device 18, nozzle 19, perforation hole 20, packer 21, positioning device 22, formation 23. The perforating fluid storage tank 1 is cylindrical and can store perforating fluid. The perforating fluid in the perforating fluid storage tank 1 is transported to the sand mixing pump 2 through pipelines. The steel grain storage tank 3 has an upper and lower hemisphere and a middle cylindrical structure. The steel granules can be stored and the steel granules can fall smoothly to prevent the steel granules from being deposited and blocked in the tank. A screw conveyor 4 is provided at the lower outlet of the steel granule storage tank 3. The screw conveyor 4 can transport the steel granules into the tank 3. The steel particles are transported to the sand mixing pump 2 through the blade spiral action. The sand mixing pump 2 mixes the perforating fluid and steel particles evenly, and then transports the steel particles and perforating fluid to the fracturing pump 5 through the pipeline. The front end of the fracturing pump 5 Three liquid inlet valve bodies 6 and three liquid discharge valve bodies 7 are provided. The liquid inlet valve body 6 is provided at the lower part of the fracturing pump 5 , and the liquid discharge valve body 7 is provided at the upper part of the fracturing pump 5 . The surface of the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 is provided with a series of grooves spaced at a certain distance. When the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 is in contact with the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2, if there are large-diameter and high-density steel particles blocking it, the steel ball will will be pressed into the groove to achieve high-pressure sealing of the liquid inlet valve body 6. When the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 and the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2 are separated, the steel particles in the groove can be carried by the fluid. Leaving the groove, the fracturing pump 5 is connected to the cable car 8 through a pipeline. The mixture of steel balls and perforating fluid output by the fracturing pump 5 is transported to the coiled tubing 11 on the cable car 8 through the pipeline, and passes through the injector 9 and the blowout preventer 10 in sequence. . The whipstock 12 is arranged at the lower part of the vertical well section. The whipstock 12 is fixed in the casing 15 through the lower anchoring device 13. The whipstock 12 can guide the coiled tubing 11 into the designed track, and the connecting nipple 16 is arranged on the coiled tubing. 11 tail, realizes the connection between the coiled tubing 11 and the centralizing device 17. The centralizing device 17 can ensure that the coiled tubing 11 and the perforating device 18 are centered, so that the coiled tubing 11 and the perforating device 18 can pass smoothly in the wellbore, while ensuring the perforating operation. The perforating device 18 is arranged at the lower part of the centralizing device 17. The perforating device 18 can realize the change of the flow direction of steel particles and fluid. The nozzle 19 is arranged on the surface of the perforating device 18, and the steel particles and perforating fluid enter the connection in sequence. After the sub-joint 16, the centralizing device 17, and the perforating device 18, it is ejected at high speed through the nozzle 19, penetrates the casing 15 and the cement sheath 14, and forms a perforation hole 20 inside the formation, realizing the connection between the casing 15 and the cement sheath 14. Penetrate quickly and increase the depth and diameter of the perforation hole 20. The perforation device 18 is provided with multiple installation openings for the nozzles 19. The number of installation openings of the nozzles 19 can be selected. The installation openings of the remaining nozzles 19 can be blocked with blind nozzles. The packer 21 is installed at the lower part of the perforating device 18, which can isolate the fluid and pressure inside the hole. The positioning device 22 is installed at the lower part of the packer 21, which can locate the position and direction of the perforation, steel particles and perforations. The movement direction of the fluid mixture is: after the steel particles and perforating fluid are mixed by the sand mixing pump 2, they are pressurized by the fracturing pump 5 and then enter the coiled tubing 11 on the cable car 8, and then pass through the injector 9 and the blowout preventer 10. It reaches the downhole connecting short circuit 16, passes through the centralizing device 17 and the perforating device 18 in sequence, and ejects the impact casing 15, the cement sheath 14 and the formation 23 from the nozzle 19 at high speed.

As shown in Figure 2, the structure of the liquid inlet valve body and the liquid discharge valve body includes the liquid inlet valve spring 6-1, the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2, the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3, the liquid discharge valve spring 7-1, Drain valve ball 7-2, drain valve seat 7-3. The liquid inlet valve body 6 can realize on/off control of the liquid inlet of the fracturing pump 5. The liquid inlet valve spring 6-1 is installed on the upper part of the liquid inlet valve body 6, and uses the elastic force of the spring to control the reciprocating movement of the lower liquid inlet valve ball 6-2. When fluid enters, the lower part of the inlet valve ball 6-2 is provided with an inlet valve seat 6-3. Through the cooperation of the contact spherical surfaces of the inlet valve ball 6-2 and the inlet valve seat 6-3, the sealing of the inlet fluid is achieved. The contact surface between the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 and the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2 is provided with a series of grooves spaced at a certain distance. When the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2 contacts the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3, if there is Large-diameter steel particles block the steel particles. Under the pressure between the liquid inlet valve ball 6-2 and the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3, the steel particles will enter the groove on the surface of the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 to ensure the liquid inlet. The sealing surfaces of the valve ball 6-2 and the liquid inlet valve seat 6-3 are in close contact to achieve high-pressure sealing of the liquid inlet valve body 6. The drainage valve body 7 can realize on/off control of the drainage of the fracturing pump 5. The drainage valve spring 7-1 is installed on the upper part of the drainage valve body 7, and uses the elastic force of the spring to control the reciprocating movement of the lower drainage valve ball 7-2, controlling For the discharge of fluid, a drain valve seat 7-3 is provided under the drain valve ball 7-2. Through the cooperation of the drain valve ball 7-2 and the drain valve seat 7-3 contacting the spherical surface, the sealing of the drain fluid is achieved. The contact surface between the drain valve seat 7-3 and the drain valve ball 7-2 is provided with a series of grooves spaced at a certain distance. When the drain valve ball 7-2 comes into contact with the drain valve seat 7-3, if there is Blocked by large-diameter steel particles, the steel particles will enter the groove on the surface of the drain valve seat 7-3 under the action of the drain valve ball 7-2 and the drain valve seat 7-3 pressing into each other, ensuring the drainage. The sealing surfaces of the liquid valve ball 7-2 and the drain valve seat 7-3 are in close contact to achieve high-pressure sealing of the drain valve body 7.

As shown in Figure 3, the nozzle structure includes a nozzle body 19-1, an arc segment 19-2, a cone angle segment 19-3, a straight line segment 19-4, and an expansion segment 19-5. The nozzle 19 is arranged on the surface of the perforating device 18 and is connected to the perforating device 18 using threads. By changing the angle and direction of the threaded hole of the perforating device 18, the direction of the steel particle jet ejected from the nozzle 18 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the perforation direction. Adjustment, the nozzle body 19-1 is made of cemented carbide, and the flow channel in the nozzle 19 includes four parts, from top to bottom, the arc section 19-2, the cone angle section 19-3, the straight section 19-4, and the expansion section 19-5, the length ratio of arc section 19-2, cone angle section 19-3, straight line section 19-4, and expansion section 19-5 is 1:3:2:0.4, and the cone angle of cone angle section 19-3 is 30°～40°, the ratio of the length of the nozzle 19 to the inner diameter of the straight section 19-4 is 4～6, the cone angle of the expansion section 19-5 is 100°～120°, the expansion section 19-5 can accelerate the steel after the straight section The particles and fluid are ejected from the nozzle 19 more smoothly, optimizing the flow field of the steel particle jet.

The specific operating steps of a coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device mentioned in the present invention are as follows:

The first step: clean the wellbore, connect the surface pipelines, and after passing the pressure test, open the tubing and casing valves;

Step 2: Start the cable car 8, use the coiled tubing 11 to transport the connecting sub 16, the centralizing device 17, the perforating device 18, the packer 21, and the positioning device 22 to the underground well, and perform positioning and depth calibration;

Step 3: Start the sand mixing pump 2 and fracturing pump 5, and open the valve of the perforating fluid storage tank 1. After the perforating fluid passes through the sand mixing pump 2 and the fracturing pump 5, it enters the wellbore until the perforating fluid fills the wellbore. ;

Step 4: Open the valve of the steel granule storage tank 3, start the screw conveyor 4, and transport the perforating fluid and steel granules to the sand mixing pump 3. After being pressurized by the fracturing pump 5, they are transported to the underground injection pipe through the coiled tubing 11. Hole device 18, steel particles and perforating fluid are sprayed from the nozzle 19 to impact the casing 15, cement sheath 14, and formation 23 to complete the perforating process;

Step 5: Close the valve of the steel granule storage tank 3, close the screw conveyor 4, inject only the perforating fluid into the wellbore, and after carrying the remaining steel granules in the wellbore, close the sand mixing pump 2 and the fracturing pump 5, shut down the well and let out the blast. , complete the construction work.

Claims (4)

1. A coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device, including a perforating fluid storage tank (1), a sand mixing pump (2), a steel particle storage tank (3), a screw conveyor (4), and a fracturing pump (5 ), liquid inlet valve body (6), liquid discharge valve body (7), cable car (8), injector (9), blowout preventer (10), coiled tubing (11), whipstock (12), anchor Fixing device (13), cement ring (14), casing (15), connecting nipple (16), centralizing device (17), perforating device (18), nozzle (19), perforating hole (20), Packer (21), positioning device (22), and formation (23) are characterized in that: the perforating fluid storage tank (1) is cylindrical and can store perforating fluid, and the perforating fluid storage tank (1) is stored through a pipeline. The perforating fluid in the pump (2) is transported to the sand mixing pump (2). The steel grain storage tank (3) has an upper and lower hemisphere and a middle cylindrical structure, which can store steel grains and achieve smooth falling of steel grains to prevent steel grains from being trapped inside. Due to sedimentation and blockage in the tank, a screw conveyor (4) is installed at the lower outlet of the steel granule storage tank (3). The screw conveyor (4) can transport the steel granules in the steel granule storage tank (3) to the sand mixing pump through the spiral action of the blades. (2), the sand mixing pump (2) mixes the perforating fluid and steel particles evenly, and then transports the steel particles and perforating fluid to the fracturing pump (5) through the pipeline. There are three inlets at the front end of the fracturing pump (5). Liquid valve body (6) and three drain valve bodies (7), the liquid inlet valve body (6) is set at the lower part of the fracturing pump (5), and the drain valve body (7) is set at the upper part of the fracturing pump (5) , a groove is provided on the surface of the liquid inlet valve seat (6-3) inside the liquid inlet valve body (6). When the liquid inlet valve seat (6-3) contacts the liquid inlet valve ball (6-2), if there is steel When the particles are blocked, the steel ball will be pressed into the groove, achieving high-pressure sealing of the liquid inlet valve body (6). When the liquid inlet valve seat (6-3) and the liquid inlet valve ball (6-2) are separated, the groove The steel particles in the groove can be carried out of the groove by the fluid. When the next time the liquid inlet valve seat (6-3) contacts the liquid inlet valve ball (6-2) and there is obstruction by the steel particles, the steel particles can continue to be pressed in. In the groove, the fracturing pump (5) is connected to the cable car (8) through a pipeline, and the mixture of steel balls and perforating fluid output by the fracturing pump (5) is transported to the coiled tubing (11) on the cable car (8) through the pipeline. Passing through the injector (9) and blowout preventer (10) in sequence, the whipstock (12) is installed at the lower part of the vertical well section, and the whipstock (12) is fixed to the casing (15) through the lower anchoring device (13) Inside, the whipstock (12) can guide the coiled tubing (11) into the designed track, and the connecting nipple (16) is set at the end of the coiled tubing (11) to realize the connection between the coiled tubing (11) and the centralizing device (17). The device (17) can ensure that the coiled tubing (11) and the perforating device (18) are centered, so that the coiled tubing (11) and the perforating device (18) can pass smoothly in the wellbore, and at the same time ensure the smooth progress of the perforating operation. The perforating device (18) is arranged at the lower part of the centralizing device (17). The perforating device (18) can change the flow direction of steel particles and fluid. The nozzle (19) is arranged on the surface of the perforating device (18). The steel particles and the perforating device (18) After the bore fluid enters the connecting nipple (16), the centralizing device (17), and the perforating device (18) in sequence, it is ejected at high speed through the nozzle (19), and penetrates the casing (15) and the cement sheath (14), and in the formation A perforation hole (20) is formed inside, realizing rapid penetration of the casing (15) and cement sheath (14), increasing the depth and diameter of the perforation hole (20), and multiple nozzles are provided on the perforation device (18) (19), you can select the number of installation nozzles (19). The installation openings of the remaining nozzles (19) can be blocked with blind nozzles. The packer (21) is set at the lower part of the perforating device (18). To achieve isolation of the fluid and pressure inside the hole, the positioning device (22) is installed at the lower part of the packer (21), which can locate the perforation position and orientation. The movement direction of the steel particles and perforation fluid mixture is, steel After the particles and perforating fluid are mixed by the sand mixing pump (2), they are pressurized by the fracturing pump (5) and then enter the coiled tubing (11) on the cable car (8), and then pass through the injector (9) and the blowout preventer ( 10), reaches the underground connecting nipple (16), passes through the centralizing device (17) and the perforating device (18) in sequence, and ejects the impact casing (15), cement sheath (14) and formation (15) from the nozzle (19) at high speed twenty three). 2. A coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid inlet valve body (6) and the liquid discharge valve body (7) include a liquid inlet valve spring (6-1), Inlet valve ball (6-2), inlet valve seat (6-3), drain valve spring (7-1), drain valve ball (7-2), drain valve seat (7-3), The liquid inlet valve body (6) can realize on/off control of the liquid inlet of the fracturing pump (5). The liquid inlet valve spring (6-1) is installed on the upper part of the liquid inlet valve body (6), and uses the elastic force of the spring to control the lower liquid inlet valve. The ball (6-2) reciprocates to control the entry of fluid. The lower part of the inlet valve ball (6-2) is provided with an inlet valve seat (6-3). Through the inlet valve ball (6-2) and the inlet valve seat (6-3) The contact spherical surface cooperates to achieve sealing of the incoming fluid. The drain valve body (7) can realize on/off control of the drain of the fracturing pump (5). The drain valve spring (7-1) is installed on The upper part of the drain valve body (7) uses spring elasticity to control the reciprocating movement of the lower drain valve ball (7-2) to control the discharge of fluid. The lower part of the drain valve ball (7-2) is provided with a drain valve seat (7- 3), through the cooperation of the drain valve ball (7-2) and the drain valve seat (7-3) contacting the spherical surface, the sealing of the drain fluid is achieved, and the drain valve seat (7-3) and the drain valve ball (7-2) The contact surface is provided with a groove. When the drain valve ball (7-2) contacts the drain valve seat (7-3), if there are steel particles in the middle, the steel particles will be in the drain valve ball. (7-2) and the drain valve seat (7-3) are pressed into each other and enter the groove on the surface of the drain valve seat (7-3), ensuring that the drain valve ball (7-2) and The close contact of the sealing surface of the drain valve seat (7-3) realizes high-pressure sealing of the drain valve body (7). 3. A coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nozzle (19) includes a nozzle body (19-1), an arc section (19-2), a cone angle section ( 19-3), straight section (19-4), expansion section (19-5), the nozzle (19) is arranged on the surface of the perforating device (18), and is connected to the perforating device (18) by using threads. By changing the perforating The angle and direction of the threaded hole of the device (18) can adjust the direction of the steel particle jet ejected from the nozzle (19), thereby adjusting the perforation direction. The nozzle body (19-1) is made of cemented carbide, and the nozzle (19) The inner flow channel consists of four parts, from top to bottom, arc section (19-2), cone angle section (19-3), straight line section (19-4), expansion section (19-5), arc section The length ratio of (19-2), cone angle section (19-3), straight line section (19-4), and expansion section (19-5) is 1:3:2:0.4, and the length ratio of cone angle section (19-3) The cone angle is 30° to 40°, the ratio of the length of the nozzle (19) to the inner diameter of the straight section (19-4) is 4 to 6, the cone angle of the expansion section (19-5) is 100° to 120°, and the expansion section (19- 5) The steel particles and fluid accelerated through the straight line section can be ejected from the nozzle (19) more smoothly, optimizing the flow field of the steel particle jet. 4. A coiled tubing steel particle jet perforating device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, the specific operating steps of which are as follows: The first step: clean the wellbore, connect the surface pipelines, and after passing the pressure test, open the tubing and casing valves; Step 2: Start the cable car (8), and use the coiled tubing (11) to transport the connecting sub-joint (16), centralizing device (17), perforating device (18), packer (21), and positioning device (22) Go underground and perform positioning and depth calibration; Step 3: Start the sand mixing pump (2) and fracturing pump (5), and open the valve of the perforating fluid storage tank (1). After the perforating fluid passes through the sand mixing pump (2) and fracturing pump (5), it enters in the wellbore until the perforating fluid fills the wellbore; Step 4: Open the valve of the steel granule storage tank (3), start the screw conveyor (4), and transport the perforating fluid and steel granules to the sand mixing pump (2). After being pressurized by the fracturing pump (5), The coiled tubing (11) is transported to the perforating device (18) downhole, and the steel particles and perforating fluid are ejected from the nozzle (19) to impact the casing (15), cement sheath (14), and formation (23) to complete the perforating process; Step 5: Close the valve of the steel grain storage tank (3) and the screw conveyor (4). Only inject the perforating fluid into the wellbore. After carrying the remaining steel grains in the wellbore, turn off the sand mixing pump (2) and the fracturing pump. (5), close the well and release the blowout to complete the construction work.