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CN108136686A - 塑料焊接方法和设备 - Google Patents

塑料焊接方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108136686A
CN108136686A CN201680044783.0A CN201680044783A CN108136686A CN 108136686 A CN108136686 A CN 108136686A CN 201680044783 A CN201680044783 A CN 201680044783A CN 108136686 A CN108136686 A CN 108136686A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gland
plug
plastics material
welding tool
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201680044783.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
威廉·亨利·李
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of CN108136686A publication Critical patent/CN108136686A/zh
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/18—Means for removing cut-out material or waste
    • B26D7/1845—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means
    • B26D7/1863—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means by suction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7443—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc by means of ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/749—Removing scrap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/126—Tenon and mortise joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
    • B29C66/53241—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles
    • B29C66/53242—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to tubes
    • B29C66/53243—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to tubes said spouts comprising flanges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81425—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being stepped, e.g. comprising a shoulder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/006—Cutting members therefor the cutting blade having a special shape, e.g. a special outline, serrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7158—Bottles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供本发明的工具10，其用于将PET压盖12焊接至PET瓶14以供分配龙头适配。在图中，工具10一般地被描绘为超声变幅杆或超声波发生器。超声波变幅器具有锥形锯齿部16以及刀部20(在需要时)，锥形锯齿部16具有导入锥形部18以引起待焊接塑料的熔化，作为切割区的刀部20在使用中切开密封的孔堵22，使得变幅杆能够进入孔堵22以进行焊接操作。

Description

塑料焊接方法和设备
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料的焊接，更具体地，本发明涉及PET到PET屏的焊接。
背景技术
发明人意识到，到目前为止，即便能够将分配龙头固定到PET瓶(诸如5L水瓶)上，这也是非常困难的，因为需要将某种背衬板插入瓶中并随后固定能够在上面固定瓶的分配龙头或压盖。
考虑到这个问题，发明人现在提出以下解决方案。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供了一种锥形超声波焊接工具或变幅杆，其被设计成将塑料材料的压盖焊接到压盖能够被焊接到的、由塑料材料制成的孔堵上，所述工具包括锯齿状锥形部，在使用中，锯齿状锥形部被驱使从外部进入孔堵的开口并在孔堵、压盖和焊接工具之间的接触点处熔化孔堵和压盖的塑料材料，使得压盖被焊接至孔堵的外侧。
孔堵可以是吹塑塑料瓶的一部分。
龙头部可以根据需要被固定至压盖。
孔堵因而是用于压盖的背衬支撑件，该背衬支撑件在之前从未被使用过。
压盖和/或孔堵的塑料材料可以是热塑性材料，诸如PET、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙等。
本发明还包括包括切割工具部，切割工具部设置在焊接工具的引导边缘或引导面上，使得当孔堵通常由于制造过程而在一端处封闭时，焊接工具在其引导面处具有切割工具部以在孔堵内切出开口从而允许焊接工具进入孔堵以进行压盖至孔堵上的焊接操作。
工具的锥形部被驱使进入孔堵开口的速率是能够调整的且与切割工具部的前进速率无关，也就是说，锥形部和切割工具部具有可独立调整的位移速率。
焊接工具和切割工具部可以在径向和轴向方向上位移。
孔堵的已经被切割工具切下的一部分不应继续留在瓶上，因此，抽吸装置可被设置在焊接工具的引导边缘以将孔堵的被切下的盘形部吸起并将其固定至焊接工具，直至焊接工具在完成焊接之后从孔堵收回。
抽吸可通过在焊接工具的引导边缘处提供孔来实现，该孔与真空源连接从而引起抽吸。
在切割工具是超声的且焊接工具是超声的情况下，切割需要与焊接非常不同的超声振幅，因此超声的振幅可被编程为能够在切割步骤与焊接步骤之间发生变化。
因此，切割通常需要比焊接振幅更大的振幅。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供了一种将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的孔堵上的方法，该方法包括驱使包括锯齿状锥形部的焊接工具进入孔堵的开口并在孔堵和焊接工具之间的接触点处熔化孔堵和压盖的塑料材料，使得压盖被焊接至孔堵的外侧。
该方法可以包括在孔堵内切出开口以允许焊接工具进入孔堵以进行压盖至孔堵上的焊接操作，该切割由切割工具部来实现，切割工具部设置在焊接工具的引导边缘或引导面上，使得当孔堵通常由于制造过程而在一端处封闭时，焊接工具在其引导面处具有切割工具部以切出开口进入孔堵，其中切割工具部可以是超声的。
该方法可包括独立地调节焊接工具的锥形部被驱使进入孔堵开口的速率以及切割工具部位移的速率。
焊接工具和切割工具部的前进速率由切割工具部所需的速率或焊接工具所需的速率来决定。
焊接工具和切割工具部各自在径向或轴向上进行位移。
根据本发明的进一步的方面，提供了一种吹塑瓶，该吹塑瓶具有口孔和位于瓶的侧壁或底部且远离口孔的孔堵。
本领域技术人员应理解，在常规超声焊接应用中，焊接工具的引导边缘或引导面被用于焊接，而在本发明中，该焊接是在其锯齿状锥形侧上完成，且引导边缘或引导面被用于切割孔堵的封闭端。
具体实施方式
现在将仅通过非限制性实施例参照根据本发明概括地示出了焊接和切割工具的所附示意图来描述本发明。
在附图中：
图1示出了本发明的焊接工具；以及
图2示出了通过本发明的方法和工具焊接有压盖的典型瓶。
在图1中示出的是本发明的工具10，其处于将PET压盖12焊接至PET瓶14以供分配龙头适配的过程中。在图中，工具10一般地被描绘为超声变幅杆(ultrasonic horn)或超声波发生器。
因此，超声波变幅器具有锥形锯齿部16以及刀部20(在需要时)，锥形锯齿部16具有导入锥形部18以引起待焊接塑料的熔化，作为切割区的刀部20在使用中切开密封的孔堵(spigot)22，使得变幅杆能够进入孔堵22以进行焊接操作。
孔堵是瓶的底壁的一部分，并且压盖通过工具放置在孔堵上，工具切割孔堵的封闭端，随后锯齿部进入孔堵开口，使得孔堵和压盖由锯齿部16在焊接区26处焊接在一起，从而将压盖12固定到位，而无需在瓶内在孔堵24后方提供背衬板或支撑件。
连接至真空源28的管穿过变幅杆通向切割刀部，使得孔堵一旦被切开，已被移除的盘就被吸在变幅杆上并随着焊接变幅杆在焊接完成后的收回而被带出。
图2示出了瓶30，瓶30包括孔堵24，压盖12可通过图1的工具10焊接至孔堵24。
本发明的优点在于，单个超声焊接工具可用于同时切割开口并将压盖焊接至孔堵，而无需在瓶内在孔堵后方提供背衬板或支撑件。

Claims (19)

1.一种被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，所述工具包括锯齿状锥形部，在使用中，所述锯齿状锥形部被驱使从外部进入所述孔堵的开口并在所述孔堵、所述压盖和所述焊接工具之间的接触点处熔化所述孔堵和所述压盖的塑料材料，使得所述压盖被焊接至所述孔堵的外侧。
2.如权利要求1所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述孔堵是吹塑塑料瓶的一部分。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求1所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中龙头部被固定至所述压盖。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述孔堵是用于所述压盖的背衬支撑件。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述压盖和/或所述孔堵的塑料材料是选自PET、聚丙烯、聚乙烯和尼龙的热塑性材料。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，包括切割工具部，所述切割工具部设置在所述焊接工具的引导边缘或引导面上，使得当所述孔堵通常由于制造过程而在一端处封闭时，所述焊接工具在其引导面处具有切割工具部以在所述孔堵内切出开口从而允许所述焊接工具进入所述孔堵以进行所述压盖至所述孔堵上的焊接操作。
7.如权利要求6所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述切割工具部是超声波切割机。
8.如权利要求6和7中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述工具的所述锥形部被驱使进入所述孔堵开口的速率是能够调整的且与所述切割工具部的位移速率无关。
9.如权利要求8所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述焊接工具和所述切割工具部在径向和轴向方向上位移。
10.如前述权利要求6至9中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，包括抽吸装置，所述抽吸装置设置在所述焊接工具的所述引导边缘以将所述孔堵的被切下的盘形部吸起并将其固定至所述焊接工具，直至所述焊接工具在完成焊接之后从所述孔堵收回。
11.如权利要求10所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述抽吸通过在所述焊接工具的所述引导边缘处提供孔来实现，所述孔与真空源连接从而引起抽吸。
12.如前述权利要求6至11中任一项所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中在所述切割工具是超声的且所述焊接工具是超声的情况下，切割需要与焊接非常不同的超声振幅，因此所述超声的振幅可被编程为能够在切割步骤与焊接步骤之间发生变化。
13.如权利要求12所述的被设计为将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的、所述压盖所能够被焊接至的孔堵上的锥形超声焊接工具或变幅杆，其中所述切割需要比所述焊接振幅更大的振幅。
14.一种将塑料材料的压盖焊接至由塑料材料制成的孔堵上的方法，所述方法包括驱使包括锯齿状锥形部的焊接工具进入所述孔堵的开口并在所述孔堵和所述焊接工具之间的接触点处熔化所述孔堵和所述压盖的塑料材料，使得所述压盖被焊接至所述孔堵的外侧。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，包括在所述孔堵内切出开口以允许所述焊接工具进入所述孔堵以进行所述压盖至所述孔堵上的焊接操作，所述切割由切割工具部来实现，所述切割工具部设置在所述焊接工具的引导边缘或引导面上，使得当所述孔堵通常由于制造过程而在一端处封闭时，所述焊接工具在其引导面处具有切割工具部以切出所述开口进入所述孔堵，其中所述切割工具部可以是超声的。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法，包括独立地调节所述焊接工具的锥形部被驱使进入所述孔堵开口的速率以及所述切割工具部位移的速率。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述焊接工具和所述切割工具部的前进速率由所述切割工具部所需的速率或所述焊接工具所需的速率来决定。
18.如权利要求16或17所述的方法，其中所述焊接工具和所述切割工具部各自在径向或轴向上进行位移。
19.一种吹塑瓶，所述吹塑瓶具有口孔和位于所述瓶的侧壁或底部且远离所述口孔的孔堵。
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