CN108014926B - Electrostatic dust collection device and method with adjustable voltage - Google Patents
Electrostatic dust collection device and method with adjustable voltage Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
- B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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Abstract
The invention provides a voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collection device and a voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collection method, wherein the voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collection device comprises a BUCK circuit control part, a display circuit, a laser PM2.5 sensor, a voltage sensor arranged on a dust collection plate and a DSP control system; the power supply supplies power to the above components. The invention processes the detection signal of the PM2.5 concentration of the laser PM2.5 sensor through the DSP control system, so as to set target voltage values under different PM2.5 concentrations, and the actual voltage between dust collecting plates is measured through the voltage sensor; the voltage difference is processed through the comparator and is input into the PI controller, meanwhile, a control signal is output, the DSP adjusts the duty ratio of the output PWM pulse according to the control signal, and the duty ratio is acted on a power switch of the BUCK circuit to realize voltage adjustment. The invention solves the problem that excessive ozone is generated due to the fact that voltage cannot be regulated, saves electric energy and reduces cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and relates to an electrostatic dust collection device and method with adjustable voltage.
Background
In recent years, the indoor air environment is seriously damaged by the influence of outdoor haze weather. When haze weather occurs, indoor content of outdoor inhalable particles can be remarkably increased through an air conditioning ventilation system or building envelope gaps and other ways. Wherein, the fine particles (namely PM 2.5) with the particle diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5 μm are rich in a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, have long residence time in the atmosphere and long conveying distance, can be deposited in the lower respiratory system of a human body and even enter the lung and the blood circulation system, and further influence important organs such as heart, brain and the like. The smaller the particle size of the particulate matter, the larger the specific surface area thereof, and the more harmful substances the opposite surface can adsorb. Therefore, the problem of controlling the PM2.5 concentration in the indoor environment is not relaxed, and the problem of improving the indoor air quality by adopting the air purifying device is an economic, reasonable, efficient and energy-saving method.
In the prior art, a filter screen type air purifier and an electrostatic type air purifier are adopted for air purification, but the following problems exist: firstly, a filter screen with high-medium efficiency level is at least needed for the filter screen type air purifier to realize the purification efficiency of PM2.5 more than or equal to 90 percent, the filter screen is required to be cleaned or updated regularly, the later cost is higher, and meanwhile, the resistance is higher in the running process; second, the electrostatic air cleaner uses high-voltage static electricity in the purifying process, and cannot adjust the voltage according to the concentration of PM2.5, so that excessive ozone is generated by the high voltage, and the excessive ozone is extremely harmful to human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an electrostatic dust collection device and method with adjustable voltage, which solves the problems of high cost, large running resistance and excessive ozone production caused by incapability of automatically adjusting voltage according to PM2.5 concentration of indoor air in the process of using an electrostatic air purifier due to the use of a filter screen type air purifier in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide the electrostatic dust collection device with adjustable voltage, which is characterized by comprising a BUCK circuit control part, a display circuit, a laser PM2.5 sensor, a voltage sensor and a DSP control system; the BUCK circuit control part is connected with the dust collecting plate; the voltage sensor is connected with the DSP control system, the laser PM2.5 sensor and the display circuit; the power supply supplies power to the above components.
Further, the power supply is divided into a strong current control module and a weak current control module; the strong electric control module is used for adjusting the voltage on the dust collecting plate, is powered by 220V alternating voltage, and outputs 8000V high-voltage direct current through a high-frequency oscillating circuit, a boosting circuit and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit; the weak current control module adopts an S-100-5 voltage-stabilized power supply module which effectively outputs 5V direct current voltage and an AMS1117-3.3V voltage-stabilized power supply module which effectively outputs 3.3V direct current voltage.
Further, the DSP control system (10) adopts a TMS320F28335 chip comprising an ADC module and an ePWM module and a corresponding minimum system circuit in a hardware circuit, and adopts an incremental PI controller in a software algorithm; the laser PM2.5 sensor adopts a ZH03A laser dust sensor.
Further, the dust removing method of the electrostatic dust removing device with adjustable voltage comprises the following steps:
1) Calculating a target voltage value, namely calculating a target voltage value Vref of the dust collecting plate by a DSP (digital signal processor) control system according to the current indoor PM2.5 concentration level measured by a laser PM2.5 sensor;
2) The DSP control system performs voltage acquisition on the voltage between the dust collecting plates through a voltage sensor at the same time to obtain the actual voltage Vo of the dust collecting plates in the AD sampling period of the current kth period;
3) Comparing the voltages, and calculating a difference value between a target voltage value and an actual voltage value by using the DSP control system to obtain a voltage difference value error (k) of the current period; when the next period is carried out, the error (k) becomes an automatic storage of the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period, and the voltage difference value error (k) of the current period and the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period are subjected to difference again to obtain an integral difference value delta error; the voltage difference error (k) and the integral difference delta error are input to an incremental PI controller in the DSP program, and the working formula is as follows:
Δu(k)＝u(k)-u(k-1)＝Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k)
Where u (k) is the current k-th cycle control amount, u (k-1) is the (k-1) -th cycle control amount, Δu (k) is the difference between the current k-th cycle control amount and the (k-1) -th cycle control amount, kp is a proportional adjustment coefficient, and Ki is an integral adjustment coefficient. The foregoing formula may be written in the form:
u(k)＝u(k-1)+Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k)
4) The voltage of the integrated board is regulated, the DSP control system transmits u (k) to a PWM modulation module in the DSP to generate PWM waveforms, and the duty ratio of the PWM waveforms is regulated along with the change of the actual voltage of the dust collecting board through a BUCK circuit at the moment, so that the PWM waveforms are stabilized at a target voltage value; when the target voltage is consistent with the actual voltage, the voltage difference value error (k) and the integral difference value delta error are simultaneously 0, and the PWM waveform duty ratio is the theoretical duty ratio; when the actual voltage is less than the target voltage, error (k) >0, u (k) > u (k-1), i.e., the PWM duty cycle will increase until the actual voltage equals the target voltage; conversely, when the actual voltage is greater than the target voltage, the PWM duty cycle will decrease, causing the final dust collection plate voltage to be equal to the target voltage.
Further, in step 1), the correspondence between the PM2.5 concentration value detected by the laser PM2.5 sensor and the target voltage Vref is: the target voltage Vref corresponding to the PM2.5 concentration less than 75 mug/m 3 is 0V; PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 75 mug/m 3 and less than 115 mug/m 3, and the corresponding target voltage Vref is 4000V; PM2.5 concentration is between 115 mug/m 3 and 150 mug/m 3, and the corresponding target voltage Vref is 6000V; when the PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 mug/m 3, the corresponding target voltage Vref is 8000V.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The electrostatic air purifying device automatically controls and adjusts the voltage of the dust collecting plate according to the indoor PM2.5 concentration level. Because the existing electrostatic air purifier does not have the function of automatically adjusting voltage, once the electrostatic air purifier is started, the electrostatic air purifier is always in a high-voltage electrostatic discharge state, and the dust collection effect is enhanced, but the residual ozone generation amount and the electric energy loss are caused. The present invention solves this contradiction by enabling control of the discharge of static electricity at different voltages.
2. The invention optimizes the voltage regulating part of the electrostatic air purifier with adjustable voltage, if in practical application, the open loop control can not realize the stable output of the target voltage due to the influence of errors of a control system and environmental factors, the invention selects the traditional PI controller for control, so that the voltage of the dust collecting plate can be regulated more stably according to the indoor PM2.5 concentration level, the reliability is high, and the invention has certain capability of resisting voltage abrupt change interference.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrostatic precipitator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the electrostatic precipitator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrostatic precipitator circuit and its topology.
Fig. 4 is an overall control diagram of the electrostatic precipitator system of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a purifier housing, 2, a power supply, 3, BUCK circuit control, 4, wires, 5, display circuitry, 6, laser PM2.5 sensor, 7, dust plate, 8, dust plate frame, 9, voltage sensor, 10, DSP control system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The utility model provides a voltage-adjustable electrostatic precipitator device, includes BUCK circuit control portion 3, sets up display circuit 5, laser PM2.5 sensor 6 on purifier casing 1, sets up voltage sensor 9 and DSP control system 10 on album dirt board frame 8; the BUCK circuit control part 3 is connected with the dust collecting plate 7; the voltage sensor 9 is connected with the DSP control system 10, the laser PM2.5 sensor 6 and the display circuit 5 through the lead 4; the power supply 2 supplies power to the above components through the wire 4.
Further, the power supply 2 is divided into a strong current control module and a weak current control module; the strong electric control module is used for adjusting the voltage on the dust collecting plate 7, is powered by 220V alternating voltage, outputs 4000V-8000V high-voltage direct current signals through the high-frequency oscillating circuit, the boosting circuit and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, and outputs 8000V high-voltage direct current; the weak current control module adopts an S-100-5 direct current stabilized voltage supply module to effectively output 5V direct current voltage, supplies power to the laser PM2.5 sensor 6, the voltage sensor 9 and the display circuit 5, and simultaneously adopts an AMS1117-3.3V stabilized voltage chip to input 5V direct current voltage for 3.3V stabilized voltage operation and supplies power to the DSP control system 10; further, the DSP control system 10 employs a TMS320F28335 chip including an ADC module and an ePWM module and its corresponding minimum system circuit in hardware circuits, and employs an incremental PI controller in software algorithms.
Further, the BUCK circuit control section 3 is provided with a BUCK circuit, a comparator, and a PWM modulation section; further, the laser PM2.5 sensor 6 employs a ZH03A laser dust sensor.
A dust removing method of an electrostatic dust removing device with adjustable voltage, comprising the following steps:
1) Calculating a target voltage value, wherein in the execution process of a DSP program, the DSP calculates a target voltage value Vref of the dust collecting plate 7 according to the current indoor PM2.5 concentration level;
2) The DSP control system 10 performs voltage acquisition on the voltage between the dust collecting plates 7 through the voltage sensor 9 at the same time to obtain the actual voltage Vo of the dust collecting plates in the AD sampling period of the current kth period;
3) The DSP control system 10 performs a difference calculation Vref-Vo between the target voltage value and the actual voltage value. Obtaining a current period voltage difference error (k); when the next period is carried out, the error (k) becomes an automatic storage of the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period, and the voltage difference value error (k) of the current period and the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period are subjected to difference again to obtain an integral difference value delta error; the voltage difference error (k) and the integral difference delta error are input to an incremental PI controller, and the working formula is as follows:
Δu(k)＝u(k)-u(k-1)＝Kp*Δerror+Ki*error
where u (k) is the current kth cycle control amount, u (k-1) is the (k-1) th cycle control amount, Δu (k) is the difference between the current kth cycle control amount and the (k-1) th cycle control amount, kp is a proportional adjustment coefficient, ki is an integral adjustment coefficient, and the foregoing formula may be written as follows:
u(k)＝u(k-1)+Kp*Δerror+Ki*error
4) And regulating the voltage of the integrated plate, conveying u (k) to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) unit in the DSP to generate PWM waveforms, and at the moment, regulating the duty ratio of the PWM waveforms along with the actual voltage of the dust collecting plate to stabilize the PWM waveforms at a target voltage value. For example, when the target voltage is consistent with the actual voltage, the voltage difference error (k) and the integral difference Δerror will be 0 at the same time, and the pwm waveform duty cycle is the theoretical duty cycle. When the actual voltage is less than the target voltage, error (k) >0, u (k) > u (k-1), i.e., the PWM duty cycle will increase until the actual voltage equals the target voltage; conversely, when the actual voltage is greater than the target voltage, the PWM duty cycle will decrease, causing the final dust collection plate 7 voltage to be equal to the target voltage.
Further, the correspondence between the PM2.5 concentration value detected by the laser PM2.5 sensor 6 in step 1) and the target voltage is: the corresponding target voltage for PM2.5 concentration less than 75 μg/m3 is set to 0V, PM2.5 concentration is between greater than or equal to 75 μg/m3 and less than 115 μg/m3, the corresponding target voltage is set to 4000V, PM2.5 concentration is between greater than or equal to 115 μg/m3 and less than 150 μg/m3, the corresponding target voltage is set to 600V, and PM2.5 concentration is greater than 150 μg/m3, the corresponding target voltage is set to 8000V.
The working principle and the function of the invention are introduced:
the voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collector can remove PM2.5 with different indoor concentrations by adjusting the voltages at the two ends of the dust collecting plate, so that high-concentration PM2.5 can be effectively removed by high-voltage discharge, and when the indoor PM2.5 concentration is not very high, the electrostatic discharge pressure is reduced, thereby reducing the ozone discharge amount and simultaneously reducing the resistance loss. As shown in figure 2, after the device is started, when the indoor PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 mug/m 3, the voltage at two ends of the dust collecting plate can be automatically adjusted to 8000V; the PM2.5 concentration will decrease after the voltage increases, and when 115 mug/m 3 < PM2.5 concentration <150 mug/m 3, the voltage will automatically adjust to 6000V; when 75 μg/m 3 < PM2.5 concentration <115 μg/m 3, the voltage will automatically adjust to 4000V; when the PM2.5 concentration is <15115 μg/m 3, the voltage is zero.
1. Introduction to dust collector of the invention
The dust collecting device consists of three groups of dust collecting plates and corona poles, so that the distance between the dust collecting plates is reduced, the distance between the dust collecting plates is only a few millimeters, the ozone generation amount is effectively controlled, and the dust collecting efficiency is improved. The positive electrode wire of the power supply is connected with the dust collecting plate, and the negative electrode wire is connected with the corona electrode. When the electric field is in operation, the power supply supplies power to enable the corona electrode to be negatively charged, air entering the electric field is ionized into positive and negative ions, and the negative ions adsorb fine particles in the air to move to the dust collecting plate in a directional manner and finally be adsorbed on the dust collecting plate.
2. The whole control part of the invention introduces:
The overall control block diagram of the system is shown in fig. 4. The strong current part in the power supply part supplies power to the dust collecting plate, and the weak current part supplies power to the DSP control system, the sensor, the liquid crystal display and the like. The working process is that the DSP measures the concentration level of PM2.5 in the air through a PM2.5 concentration sensor to control the voltage of the corresponding electrode of the dust collecting plate. And feedback control is performed according to the real-time voltage value between the dust collecting plates measured by the voltage sensor, so that the output voltage between the dust collecting plates is more accurate. And finally, displaying the current indoor PM2.5 concentration level through a liquid crystal display module.
3. The power supply part of the invention introduces:
The power supply part is divided into a strong electric control module and a weak electric control module, wherein the strong electric control module mainly aims at voltage regulation on the dust collecting plate, and the weak electric control module supplies power to elements such as a central controller, a sensor and the like. Optical coupling isolation is needed between strong current and weak current ground signals so as to achieve the purpose of protecting a circuit.
(1) Strong electric control module
The strong electric control module is a high-voltage power supply, is powered by 220V alternating voltage in life, and can output 4000-8000V high-voltage direct current signals after passing through the high-frequency oscillating circuit, the boosting circuit and the voltage doubling rectifying circuit. In the design, 8000V high-voltage direct current is output.
(2) Weak current control module
The weak current control module adopts an S-100-5 direct current stabilized power supply module, is also powered by 220V alternating current voltage in life, can effectively output 5V direct current voltage, supplies power to sensors and the like, and simultaneously adopts an AMS1117-3.3V stabilized voltage chip to input 5V direct current voltage for 3.3V stabilized voltage operation and supplies power to the DSP minimum system.
4. Introduction to the sensor and the LCD of the present invention
(1) PM2.5 concentration sensor
The ZH03A laser dust sensor of Zhengzhou Wei containing company is adopted, ZH03A is a miniaturized module, and dust particles in the air are detected by utilizing the laser scattering principle. When laser irradiates the particles at the detection position, weak light scattering is generated, the light scattering waveform in a specific direction is related to the particle diameter, the number concentration of the real-time particles with different particle diameters can be obtained through waveform classification statistics and conversion formulas with different particle diameters, the mass concentration unified with an official unit is obtained according to a calibration method, the sensor is provided with a DAC analog output pin, PM2.5 concentration range is 0-1000 mug/m 3, the analog voltage is 0-2V, the pin is connected with an A1 sampling pin in an AD module in the DSP, and the real-time dust concentration in the air can be obtained through program operation processing.
(2) Voltage sensor
The CHV-10000V Hall voltage sensor is adopted, the sensor can accurately measure the primary side voltage value, and the secondary side voltage output range can be changed through setting the primary side resistance and the secondary side resistance, and when the primary side voltage is 0-10000V, the secondary side voltage is correspondingly output to be 0-3V. And the secondary side voltage pin is connected with an A2 sampling pin in an AD module in the DSP, and the primary side voltage compaction time value can be obtained through data processing and the corresponding voltage proportion relation of the primary side and the secondary side.
(3) Liquid crystal display part
The LCD mainly selects 320 x 240 lattice LCD display module of LCM320240 model, the working power supply is 3.3V, compatible with DSP. In the process of program initialization, the functional configuration of the I/O port connected with the LCD by the DSP and the setting of the working mode and display mode of the LCD are configured, the time sequence matching of the liquid crystal display and the DSP is mainly completed in the control process, and the DSP control program matched with the time sequence can be compiled according to the time sequence table and the time sequence diagram of the LCM 320240. As an executive function element, the indoor PM2.5 concentration can be displayed in real time, and a user can know the indoor PM2.5 pollution condition in real time.
5. Introduction to the control section of the invention
(1) Processor selection
The CPU selects a TMS320F28335 chip with a clock frequency of 150MHz, has a kernel design of 1.8V/3.3V and an I/O port design of 3.3V, and is a 32-bit CPU with higher performance. The design system focuses on two modules: ADC module and ePWM module.
① ADC module: the DSPAD sampling module has 12 sampling precision, the number of AD sampling channels is 16, and the voltage in the range of 0-3V can be accurately measured through the work of analog-to-digital conversion. The fastest sampling time is 80ns, and the output voltage signal of the sensor can be converted, so that the system design requirement is completely met.
② EPWM module: 28335 the PWM module is an enhanced module, controlled by an event manager. The number of the PWM output pins is 6, and the duty ratio of the output waveform can be independently regulated, so that the design requirement is completely met.
(2) Pressure regulating part of dust collecting plate
The voltage regulating part of the dust collecting plate is mainly controlled by a BUCK chopper circuit-BUCK circuit. The circuit and its topology are shown in fig. 3; in the figure, V in is 8000V high-voltage dc power supply generated by power supply, S is power switch device, D is freewheeling diode, L, C is inductance and capacitance, respectively, and V O is dc voltage between positive and negative electrodes of dust collecting plate, i.e. voltage applied across the dust collecting plate. According to BUCK circuit characteristics, the inter-dust-collecting-plate voltage V O and the power supply voltage V in have the following relationship:
Vo＝DVin (1)
Wherein D is the duty ratio of the PWM waveform output by the DSP, and the range interval is [0,1]. For voltage control on the dust collecting plate, the PWM duty ratio of the power device in the BUCK circuit is actually controlled, for example, the target voltage on the dust collecting plate is 4000V, according to formula (1), the PWM duty ratio D is only controlled to be 50%, and when the indoor pollution index is detected to be severe pollution, the PWM duty ratio is only controlled to be 100%, that is, the power switch is operated in a constantly conducting state.
The pollution index corresponding to the average PM2.5 day concentration in China is classified in GB/T3095-2012 environmental air quality Standard, as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| PM2.5 concentration (μg/m 3) | ＜75 | 75～115 | 115～150 | ＞150 |
| Pollution index | Good quality | Light pollution | Moderate contamination | Severe contamination |
The invention controls the voltage of the dust collecting plate according to the classification, and the corresponding relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the voltage at two ends of the dust collecting plate is shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
| PM2.5 concentration (μg/m 3) | ＜75 | 75～115 | 115～150 | ＞150 |
| Target voltage of dust collecting board (V) | 0 | 4000 | 6000 | 8000 |
According to the PM2.5 concentration sensor, the indoor PM2.5 concentration is 0-1000 mug/m 3, which corresponds to the sensor output analog voltage, namely the DSP input analog voltage is 0-2V, and when the PM2.5 concentration is 75 mug/m 3、115μg/m3、150μg/m3, the corresponding DSP input analog voltage is 0.15V, 0.23V and 0.3V respectively. According to formulas 1 and 2, the input analog voltage and the output theoretical duty ratio of the dsp are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
However, in practical applications, the theoretical duty ratio output by the DSP cannot output the target voltage on the dust collecting plate due to environmental and device operating conditions, and voltage feedback control is necessary to achieve a stable output target voltage on the dust collecting plate. In the invention, the voltage feedback controller is a traditional PID controller. However, since differential control in PID is mainly applied to a slower inertia system, providing an advanced control amount for the inertia system, but the system does not have a larger hysteresis characteristic, the voltage PI controller is selected in the selection of the controller to adjust the voltage of the dust collecting plate. Referring to fig. 3, vo is a voltage applied across the dust collecting plate, and the operation is as follows (since the CPU selects the DSP in the present invention):
(1) In the execution process of the DSP program, according to the current indoor PM2.5 concentration level, the DSP calculates a dust collecting plate target voltage value Vref, at the moment, voltage collection is carried out on voltages among the dust collecting plates to obtain a dust collecting plate actual voltage Vo in a current AD sampling period (k period), and a difference value between the target voltage value and the actual voltage value is calculated to obtain Vref-Vo. And obtaining a current period voltage difference error (k). When the next period is carried out, the error (k) becomes an automatic storage of the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period, and the voltage difference value error (k) of the current period and the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period are subjected to difference again to obtain an integral difference value delta error.
(2) The method comprises the steps that a traditional PI controller is applied to DSP program control, a voltage difference value error (k) and an integral difference value delta error are input to the PI controller, wherein the PI controller is divided into a position type and an increment type, an increment type PI requirement executing mechanism has a control quantity accumulating function, and in consideration of the actual condition of DSP operation, the increment type PI controller which is easy to realize by a program is selected, and a working formula of the increment type PI controller is shown in a formula (2):
Δu(k)＝u(k)-u(k-1)＝Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k) (2)
where u (k) is the current k-th cycle control amount, u (k-1) is the (k-1) -th cycle control amount, Δu (k) is the difference between the current k-th cycle control amount and the (k-1) -th cycle control amount, kp is a proportional adjustment coefficient, and Ki is an integral adjustment coefficient. Then formula (2) can be written in the form of formula (3):
u(k)＝u(k-1)+Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k) (3)
(3) And u (k) is transmitted to a PWM modulation module in the DSP to generate PWM waveforms, and the duty ratio of the PWM waveforms is regulated along with the actual voltage of the dust collecting plate at the moment, so that the actual voltage of the dust collecting plate is stabilized at a target voltage value. For example, when the target voltage is consistent with the actual voltage, the voltage difference error (k) and the integral difference Δerror will be 0 at the same time, and the pwm waveform duty cycle is the theoretical duty cycle (for details, refer to table 3). When the actual voltage is less than the target voltage, error (k) >0, u (k) > u (k-1), i.e. the PWM duty cycle, will increase until the actual voltage equals the target voltage. Conversely, when the actual voltage is greater than the target voltage, the PWM duty cycle will decrease, causing the final dust collection plate voltage to be equal to the target voltage.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dust removing method of an electrostatic dust removing device with adjustable voltage is characterized in that,
The electrostatic dust collection device with adjustable voltage comprises a BUCK circuit control part (3), a display circuit (5), a laser PM2.5 sensor (6), a voltage sensor (9) and a DSP control system (10); the BUCK circuit control part (3) is connected with the dust collecting plate (7); the voltage sensor (9) is connected with the DSP control system (10), the laser PM2.5 sensor (6) and the display circuit (5); a power supply (2) supplies power to the above components;
Then comprises the following steps:
1) Calculating a target voltage value, namely calculating a target voltage Vref of the dust collecting plate (7) by a DSP (digital signal processor) control system (10) according to the current indoor PM2.5 concentration level measured by the laser PM2.5 sensor (6);
2) The DSP control system (10) performs voltage acquisition on the voltage between dust collecting plates through the voltage sensor (9) at the same time to obtain the actual voltage Vo of the dust collecting plates in the AD sampling period of the current kth period;
3) Comparing the voltages, and calculating Vref-Vo by using the difference value between the target voltage value and the actual voltage value by using the DSP control system (10) to obtain a voltage difference error (k) of the current period; when the next period is carried out, the error (k) becomes an automatic storage of the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period, and the voltage difference value error (k) of the current period and the voltage difference value error (k-1) of the previous period are subjected to difference again to obtain an integral difference value delta error; the voltage difference error (k) and the integral difference delta error are input to an incremental PI controller in the DSP program, and the working formula is as follows:
Δu(k)＝u(k)-u(k-1)＝Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k)
where u (k) is the current kth cycle control amount, u (k-1) is the (k-1) th cycle control amount, Δu (k) is the difference between the current kth cycle control amount and the (k-1) th cycle control amount, kp is a proportional adjustment coefficient, ki is an integral adjustment coefficient, and the foregoing formula may be written as follows:
u(k)＝u(k-1)+Kp*Δerror+Ki*error(k)
4) The voltage of the integrated board is regulated, a DSP control system (10) transmits u (k) to a PWM modulation module in the DSP to generate PWM waveforms, and the duty ratio of the PWM waveforms is regulated along with the change of the actual voltage of the dust collecting board through a BUCK circuit at the moment, so that the PWM waveforms are stabilized at a target voltage value; when the target voltage is consistent with the actual voltage, the voltage difference value error (k) and the integral difference value delta error are simultaneously 0, and the PWM waveform duty ratio is the theoretical duty ratio; when the actual voltage is less than the target voltage, error (k) >0, u (k) > u (k-1), i.e., the PWM duty cycle will increase until the actual voltage equals the target voltage; conversely, when the actual voltage is greater than the target voltage, the PWM duty cycle will decrease, causing the final dust collection plate voltage to be equal to the target voltage.
2. The method for removing dust of a voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust removal device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply (2) is divided into a strong current control module and a weak current control module; the strong electric control module is powered by 220V alternating voltage aiming at voltage regulation on the dust collecting plate (7), and outputs 8000V high-voltage direct current through a high-frequency oscillation circuit, a booster circuit and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit; the weak current control module adopts an S-100-5 voltage-stabilized power supply module which effectively outputs 5V direct current voltage and an AMS1117-3.3V voltage-stabilized power supply module which effectively outputs 3.3V direct current voltage.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the DSP control system (10) uses a TMS320F28335 chip including an ADC module and an ePWM module and its corresponding minimum system circuit in a hardware circuit, and uses an incremental PI controller in a software algorithm.
4. The method for removing dust from a voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the laser PM2.5 sensor is a ZH03A laser dust sensor.
5. The method for removing dust from a voltage-adjustable electrostatic dust collection device according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the correspondence between the PM2.5 concentration value detected by the laser PM2.5 sensor (6) and the target voltage Vref is: the target voltage Vref corresponding to the PM2.5 concentration less than 75 mug/m 3 is 0V; PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 75 mug/m 3 and less than 115 mug/m 3, and the corresponding target voltage Vref is 4000V; PM2.5 concentration is between 115 mug/m 3 and 150 mug/m 3, and the corresponding target voltage Vref is 6000V; when the PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 mug/m 3, the corresponding target voltage Vref is 8000V.
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| CN112827655B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-03-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Dust removal module calibration method, device and equipment |
| CN114042531A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-15 | 中电国核(北京)节能环保科技有限公司 | High-efficient combination collection moulding piece |
| CN114985110B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-10-25 | 深圳市中航大记股份有限公司 | Electrostatic dust removal control method and system and electrostatic dust removal device |
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