CN108005791B - Low-temperature plasma ignition system of internal combustion wave rotor - Google Patents
Low-temperature plasma ignition system of internal combustion wave rotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108005791B CN108005791B CN201711373566.9A CN201711373566A CN108005791B CN 108005791 B CN108005791 B CN 108005791B CN 201711373566 A CN201711373566 A CN 201711373566A CN 108005791 B CN108005791 B CN 108005791B
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- electrode sleeve
- wave rotor
- internal combustion
- negative electrode
- positive electrode
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
- F02C7/264—Ignition
- F02C7/266—Electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
- F23Q3/008—Structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a low-temperature plasma ignition system of an internal combustion wave rotor, which comprises an internal combustion wave rotor, a plasma chamber and a high-voltage power supply, wherein the internal combustion wave rotor comprises an inlet sealing disk, a wave rotor channel, an outlet sealing disk and a rotating shaft, the wave rotor channel is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and the outlet sealing disk is provided with a plasma chamber mounting hole for fixedly mounting the plasma chamber; the plasma chamber comprises a negative electrode sleeve, a positive electrode sleeve and outer ring ceramics, wherein the positive electrode sleeve and the negative electrode sleeve are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a high-voltage power supply through wires, the outer ring ceramics are arranged between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve and used for realizing insulation and fixation between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve, a discharge tip is radially outwards arranged near one end of the positive electrode sleeve, which is close to an internal combustion wave rotor, and a gap delta is formed between the discharge tip and the inner wall of the negative electrode sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an internal combustion wave rotor low-temperature plasma ignition system, and belongs to the technical field of ignition and unsteady combustion of aeroengines.
Background
The internal combustion wave rotor is a novel unsteady combustion device, has potential advantages in improving the overall performance of a propulsion system, has been determined by the national defense pre-research institute (DARPA) to be one of effective ways for meeting the requirement of a 'quiet supersonic speed air platform (QSP)' to reduce the supersonic speed cruise flight fuel consumption, and has been widely studied by students at home and abroad in recent years.
In the working process of the internal combustion wave rotor, on one hand, as a series of wave rotor channels work sequentially, the ignition system is required to have a high enough working frequency; on the other hand, in order to achieve rapid combustion in the wave rotor channels, the ignition system is required to have high ignition energy, and the conventional ignition system cannot meet the above requirements.
In order to meet the requirements of high ignition frequency and high ignition energy of an internal combustion wave rotor, a continuous thermal jet ignition device for the ignition of the internal combustion wave rotor is provided, which is a thermal jet generating device based on the continuous combustion of rotational flow blending and gaseous fuel, provides high ignition energy, is beneficial to promoting the rapid propagation of flame, and solves the problems of low working frequency of the electric nozzle ignition and the existing intermittent working thermal jet device.
However, experimental studies have found that such continuous thermal jet ignition devices suffer from several problems: firstly, high-temperature high-pressure gas in a channel of an internal combustion wave rotor can leak along a jet flow port on an outlet sealing disk, and the working performance of the internal combustion wave rotor is seriously affected; secondly, in the ignition process, the thermal jet enters the internal combustion wave rotor channel to generate jet shock waves, and unpredictable influence is generated on the wave system development in the internal combustion wave rotor channel; again, the flow of high temperature and high pressure gas within the internal combustion wave rotor channels may have a non-negligible effect on the stability of the thermal jet, even impeding the thermal jet from entering the internal combustion wave rotor channels.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a low-temperature plasma ignition system of an internal combustion wave rotor, which adopts an electrode to form an electric arc in a plasma chamber and combines high-temperature fuel gas residing in the plasma chamber to realize the ignition process of the internal combustion wave rotor. Because the ignition system does not need extra working medium, the influence of the extra medium on the wave system development process in the internal combustion wave rotor channel is avoided, and meanwhile, the leakage of high-temperature high-pressure gas in the internal combustion wave rotor channel along the extra medium channel is also avoided, and the ignition system is not influenced by the working process of the internal combustion wave rotor.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the application are as follows: the jet shock wave existing in the prior ignition technology affects the wave system development in the wave rotor channel, the leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas in the wave rotor channel along the jet port and the flow of the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas affect the jet flame stability.
The technical proposal adopted by the application for solving the technical problems is to provide the low-temperature plasma ignition system of the internal combustion wave rotor, which comprises the internal combustion wave rotor, a plasma chamber and a high-voltage power supply,
the internal combustion wave rotor comprises an inlet sealing disc, a wave rotor channel, an outlet sealing disc and a rotating shaft, wherein the wave rotor channel is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and a plasma chamber mounting hole is formed in the outlet sealing disc and used for fixedly mounting the plasma chamber;
the plasma chamber comprises a negative electrode sleeve, a positive electrode sleeve and outer ring ceramics, wherein the positive electrode sleeve and the negative electrode sleeve are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a high-voltage power supply through wires, the outer ring ceramics are arranged between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve and used for realizing insulation and fixation between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve, a discharge tip is radially outwards arranged near one end of the positive electrode sleeve, which is close to an internal combustion wave rotor, and a gap delta is formed between the discharge tip and the inner wall of the negative electrode sleeve;
the voltage provided by the high voltage power supply can ensure that the gas mixture between the positive electrode sleeve and the negative electrode sleeve breaks down to form an electric arc, and the energy of the electric arc can ignite the gas mixture around the electric arc to form an initial flame.
Preferably, the internal combustion wave rotor low-temperature plasma ignition system further comprises a frequency controller, wherein the frequency controller is connected with a control signal terminal on the high-voltage power supply through a signal wire so as to control on-off and discharge frequency of the high-voltage power supply.
Preferably, after the plasma chamber is mounted on the outlet sealing disk, there is a gap σ between the end face of the anode sleeve and the end face of the outlet sealing disk, the σ being larger than the thermal deformation amount of the anode sleeve during combustion.
Preferably, δ is about 0.5mm.
Preferably, the plasma chamber mounting hole is provided with internal threads, and the outer wall surface of the negative electrode sleeve of the plasma chamber is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads.
Preferably, the inner core ceramic and the outer ring ceramic are formed by casting.
Preferably, 4-8 discharge tips are uniformly arranged radially outwards near one end of the positive electrode sleeve, which is close to the internal combustion rotor.
Preferably, the plasma chamber further comprises a core ceramic disposed within the positive electrode sleeve.
Preferably, the core ceramic is formed by casting.
The main working principle of the application is that a plasma electrode is adopted to break down surrounding mixed gas in a plasma chamber to form an electric arc, and the energy of the electric arc can ignite the surrounding mixed gas to form initial flame, and the initial flame propagates into a rotating internal combustion wave rotor channel and is used as an indirect ignition source to realize the reliable ignition of the internal combustion wave rotor.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
1. the ignition system does not need extra working medium, has simple structure, and does not have the influence of the extra working medium on the development of the internal combustion wave rotor channel internal wave system;
2. the ignition port of the traditional internal combustion wave rotor system is not needed, and an additional working medium flow path is not needed, so that the leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas in the wave rotor channel to the ignition port is avoided;
3. the plasma discharge process is not influenced by the air flow in the wave rotor channel, and the working stability is good;
4. residual fuel gas of the previous cycle in the resident part of the plasma chamber preheats mixed gas in the rotor channel of the next cycle or adjacent wave entering the plasma chamber, so that the mixed gas is easier to ignite by an electric arc to form an initial flame, and the ignition process is more reliable.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an outlet seal disk of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a plasma chamber of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a plasma chamber of the present application mounted on an internal combustion wave rotor;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the ignition process of the internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of the present application.
In the figure: 1 is an internal combustion wave rotor, 1a is an inlet sealing disc, 1b is a wave rotor channel, 1c is an outlet sealing disc, 1d is a rotating shaft, 2 is a plasma chamber, 3 is a high-voltage power supply, 4 is a frequency controller, 5 is a plasma chamber mounting hole, 6 is an internal thread, 7 is a negative electrode sleeve, 8 is a positive electrode sleeve, 9 is an inner core ceramic, 10 is an outer ring ceramic, 11 is an external thread, 12 is a discharge tip, 13 is a lead wire, 14 is a control signal terminal, 15 is a signal wire, 16 is a negative electrode sleeve end face, and 17 is an outlet sealing disc end face.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the substances, and not restrictive of the application. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Aiming at the problems encountered by the ignition technology of the current internal combustion wave rotor, the application provides a low-temperature plasma ignition system of the internal combustion wave rotor, which is described with reference to figures 1-5:
as shown in fig. 1, the internal combustion wave rotor low-temperature plasma ignition system includes an internal combustion wave rotor 1, a plasma chamber 2, and a high-voltage power supply 3. The internal combustion wave rotor 1 includes an inlet sealing disk 1a, a wave rotor passage 1b, an outlet sealing disk 1c, and a rotating shaft 1d, and the wave rotor passage 1b is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 1d so that a series of wave rotor passages 1b can operate sequentially.
In the present embodiment, the internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system further preferably includes a frequency controller 4, and the frequency controller 4 is connected to a control signal terminal 14 on the high voltage power supply 3 through a signal line 15 to control the on-off and discharging frequencies of the high voltage power supply.
As shown in fig. 2, the outlet sealing plate 1c is provided with a plasma chamber mounting hole 5 for fixedly mounting the plasma chamber 2. In the present embodiment, the plasma chamber mounting hole 5 is provided with an internal thread 6, and the internal thread 6 is engaged with an external thread 11 on the outer wall surface of the negative electrode sleeve of the plasma chamber 2 to mount and fix the plasma chamber 2 to the outlet seal disk 1c of the internal combustion rotor 1. The manner of mounting the plasma chamber 2 on the outlet sealing disk 1c is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 3, the plasma chamber 2 includes a negative electrode sleeve 7 and a positive electrode sleeve 8, in this embodiment, the negative electrode sleeve 7 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply 3 through a wire 13, the positive electrode sleeve 8 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage power supply 3 through a wire 13, an outer ring ceramic 10 is provided between the negative electrode sleeve 7 and the positive electrode sleeve 8 for achieving insulation and fixation between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve, and an inner core ceramic 9 is provided in the positive electrode sleeve, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The voltage provided by the high voltage source 3 ensures that the gas mixture between the positive electrode sleeve 8 and the negative electrode sleeve 7 breaks down to form an electric arc, and the energy of this arc can ignite the gas mixture around it to form an initial flame. In addition, the residual fuel gas of the previous cycle in the resident part of the plasma chamber 2 preheats the mixed gas in the rotor channel of the next cycle or adjacent wave in the plasma chamber, so that the mixed gas is more easy to be ignited by the electric arc to form an initial flame, thereby ensuring more reliable ignition process.
In the present embodiment, the outer ring ceramic 10 is formed by casting ceramic between the negative electrode sleeve 7 and the positive electrode sleeve 8, and the concentricity of the negative electrode sleeve 7 and the positive electrode sleeve 8 is maintained during casting. The core ceramic 9 is formed by casting inside the positive electrode sleeve 8.
As shown in fig. 4, a discharge tip 12 is disposed radially outwardly near one end of the positive electrode sleeve 8 near the internal combustion rotor, and the discharge tip 12 concentrates the discharge energy more, facilitating reliable breakdown of the surrounding gas mixture to form an arc. In the present embodiment, the discharge tips 12 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the positive electrode sleeve 8, with a gap δ between the discharge tips 12 and the inner wall of the negative electrode sleeve 7. If delta is too large, the mixed gas is not easy to break down, and an electric arc cannot be formed; if delta is too small, the energy of the mixed gas breakdown ionization is too small, and the mixed gas around it is not easy to ignite to form an initial flame. Preferably, δ is about 0.5mm.
After the plasma chamber 2 is mounted on the outlet seal disk 1c, there is a gap σ between the end face 16 of the anode sleeve 7 and the end face 17 of the outlet seal disk 1c, which σ is larger than the thermal deformation amount of the anode sleeve 7 during combustion, so as to prevent the thermal deformation of the plasma chamber 2 from affecting the normal operation of the internal combustion wave rotor 1.
The working process of the low-temperature plasma ignition system of the internal combustion wave rotor is described in detail as follows:
first at t 0 At the moment, the frequency controller 4 is regulated, so that the high-voltage power supply 3 discharges at a certain frequency, and an arc is formed between the discharge tip 12 and the negative electrode sleeve 7;
with the rotation of the wave rotor channel 1b, at t 1 At the moment, the mixed gas in the wave rotor channel 1b starts to enter the plasma chamber 2, and when the electrode breaks down the mixed gas to form an electric arc, the electric arc ignites the surrounding mixed gas to form an initial flame;
immediately at t 2 At the moment, the initial flame further develops and gradually propagates into the wave rotor channel 1b, so that the ignition of the internal combustion wave rotor 1 is realized;
at t 3 At the moment, stable propagating flame is formed in the wave rotor channel 1b, and residual fuel gas of the previous cycle exists in the resident part of the plasma chamber 2 at the moment, so that when mixed gas in the next cycle or adjacent wave rotor channels 1b enters the plasma chamber 2, the mixed gas is preheated by the resident fuel gas, and is more easily ignited by an electric arc to form initial flame, so that the ignition process is more reliable.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Other variations or modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and such variations or modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The low-temperature plasma ignition system of the internal combustion wave rotor comprises an internal combustion wave rotor (1), a plasma chamber (2) and a high-voltage power supply (3), wherein the internal combustion wave rotor comprises an inlet sealing disc (1 a), a wave rotor channel (1 b), an outlet sealing disc (1 c) and a rotating shaft (1 d), the wave rotor channel is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and the outlet sealing disc is provided with a plasma chamber mounting hole (5) for fixedly mounting the plasma chamber;
the plasma chamber comprises a negative electrode sleeve (7), a positive electrode sleeve (8) and an outer ring ceramic (10), wherein the positive electrode sleeve and the negative electrode sleeve are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply (3) through wires, the outer ring ceramic is arranged between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve and used for realizing insulation and fixation between the negative electrode sleeve and the positive electrode sleeve, a discharge tip (12) is radially arranged outwards near one end of the positive electrode sleeve, which is close to the internal combustion wave rotor, and a gap delta is formed between the discharge tip and the inner wall of the negative electrode sleeve;
the voltage provided by the high-voltage power supply can ensure that the mixed gas between the positive electrode sleeve and the negative electrode sleeve breaks down to form an electric arc, and the energy of the electric arc can ignite the mixed gas around the electric arc to form an initial flame;
the device also comprises a frequency controller (4), wherein the frequency controller is connected with a control signal terminal (14) on the high-voltage power supply (3) through a signal wire (15) so as to realize the control of the on-off and discharge frequency of the high-voltage power supply;
after the plasma chamber is mounted on the outlet sealing disk, a gap sigma is formed between the end face (16) of the negative electrode sleeve and the end face (17) of the outlet sealing disk, and the sigma is larger than the thermal deformation amount of the negative electrode sleeve in the combustion process;
the plasma chamber mounting hole is provided with an internal thread (6), and an external thread (11) matched with the internal thread is arranged on the outer wall surface of the negative electrode sleeve of the plasma chamber.
2. The internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of claim 1, wherein δ is about 0.5mm.
3. The internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of claim 1, wherein the outer ring ceramic is formed by casting.
4. The internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of claim 1, wherein 4-8 discharge tips are uniformly disposed radially outwardly near one end of the positive electrode sleeve adjacent to the internal combustion wave rotor.
5. The internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of claim 1, wherein the plasma chamber further comprises a core ceramic disposed within a positive electrode sleeve.
6. The internal combustion wave rotor low temperature plasma ignition system of claim 5, wherein the core ceramic is formed by casting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711373566.9A CN108005791B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Low-temperature plasma ignition system of internal combustion wave rotor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711373566.9A CN108005791B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Low-temperature plasma ignition system of internal combustion wave rotor |
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| CN108005791A CN108005791A (en) | 2018-05-08 |
| CN108005791B true CN108005791B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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| CN201711373566.9A Active CN108005791B (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Low-temperature plasma ignition system of internal combustion wave rotor |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110131048B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-06-26 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | Self-contained internal combustion wave rotor ignition device and method |
| CN112067311B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-11-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A Visual Diagnosis System of Internal Combustion Wave Rotor Jet Ignition Process |
| CN112098132B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-11-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of internal combustion wave rotor ignition and combustion simulation device and method |
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| JP2011150830A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-08-04 | Denso Corp | High frequency plasma ignition device |
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| AU2013201613A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2013-04-11 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | System, method and apparatus for lean combustion with plasma from an electrical arc |
| CN103133138A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-06-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internal combustion wave rotor based on non-constant combustion and with pressurization function and working method thereof |
| CN203081581U (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internal combustion wave rotor with pressurization function based on nonsteady combustion |
| CN207598358U (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-10 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | internal combustion wave rotor low-temperature plasma ignition system |
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2017
- 2017-12-19 CN CN201711373566.9A patent/CN108005791B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2479380Y (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-02-27 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Plasma guide pipe for plasma igniter |
| AU2013201613A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2013-04-11 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | System, method and apparatus for lean combustion with plasma from an electrical arc |
| JP2011150830A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-08-04 | Denso Corp | High frequency plasma ignition device |
| CN102705108A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 北京大学 | Periodic alternating current drive low-temperature plasma ignition method and system |
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| CN207598358U (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-10 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | internal combustion wave rotor low-temperature plasma ignition system |
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