CN109361154A - A self-excited jet spark igniter - Google Patents
A self-excited jet spark igniter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109361154A CN109361154A CN201811328320.4A CN201811328320A CN109361154A CN 109361154 A CN109361154 A CN 109361154A CN 201811328320 A CN201811328320 A CN 201811328320A CN 109361154 A CN109361154 A CN 109361154A
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
- F02C7/264—Ignition
- F02C7/266—Electric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/04—Means providing electrical connection to sparking plugs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/34—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter is provided, its shape is identical as conventional ignition device, by metal shell (201), insulator (202), discharge electrode-include that external discharge electrode forms (203) and internal electrode to (301), conducting wire (204) and jet hole (205).This igniter can be effectively improved the reliability of regnition in the extreme condition lower combustion chamber of high-altitude.Compared with the igniting of conventional spark discharge, stable strong hard shower spark can be generated, forms large area heating region, effectively increase the initial fiery core of igniting, the penetration depth of spark is improved, ignition ability is improved, provides a kind of strong hard shower spark lighter without gas source for aviation regnition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aeroengine combustor buring room design fields, and in particular to a kind of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter,
Suitable for the indoor reliable ignition of aeroengine combustor buring under the extreme condition of high-altitude.
Background technique
When military flight height is more than 11km, engine faces low temperature, low pressure, the atmospheric conditions of low-density；Together
When, Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle flight Mach number reduces, and the air mass flow for flowing through engine is caused to reduce.These special flights
Condition produces many adverse effects to engine operation, as compressor surge nargin reduces, fuel nozzle atomizing effect deteriorates
Deng, and then engine stabilization is caused to be deteriorated.But the stability to keep unmanned plane height and table speed, and must be continually
Maneuvering engine, so that the flame-out problem in high-altitude easily occurs in engine.
After high-altitude is flame-out, compressor acting reduced capability, incoming flow heats reduction, and incoming air temperature reduces, thus
Accelerated combustion room temperature reduces.These variations will cause a series of problems, as air mass flow reduction causes combustion chamber oxygen content to drop
Low, fuel oil temperature reduces viscosity increase and fuel nozzle atomizing effect is caused to deteriorate.These factors cause burner inner liner velocity field and
Concentration field deviates design conditions, the mixture region in stoichiometric ratio reduces, fuel oil chemical reaction rate reduces, smallest point
Fiery energy increases, flame propagation is difficult, proposes requirements at the higher level to igniter performance.However, routine electric spark used at present
Discharge igniting, spark discharge concentrate on an arc channel between central high pressure electrode and outer rim low-field electrode, heating zone
Domain area is small, and the initially fiery core that causes to light a fire is small.As air pressure reduces, spark discharge releases energy reduction, and fiery core penetration capacity subtracts
Weak, igniter performance is not only reduced without increasing instead.The reduction of the increase of ignition ability demand and ignition ability supply, is caused
The deficiency of aero-engine ignition device high-altitude ignition ability.Under altitude low temperature, low pressure extreme condition, after engine misses,
Conventional electric spark igniter is difficult to realize effectively light a fire.
Summary of the invention
For the reliability for improving aero-engine high-altitude regnition, for the deficiency of conventional spark discharge igniting
Place, the present invention propose a kind of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter, hereinafter referred to as " igniter ", shape and conventional ignition device phase
Together, by metal shell 201, insulator 202, discharge electrode-is including external discharge electrode to 203 and internal electrode to 301, conducting wire
204 and jet hole 205 form；Wherein
Igniter is flashlight barrel shape, and conducting wire 204 is located at igniter tail portion；Metal shell 201 is located at igniter first half
Point, it is hollow cylindrical；Insulator 202 is cylinder, is located inside metal shell, excircle and metal shell 201
Inner tight contact, inside processing groove and hole, are used as jet hole 205, discharge cavity 302, and for installing external discharge electrode
To 203 and internal electrode to 301；External discharge electrode is all located at the same diameter of insulator 202 to 203 and jet hole 205
On, wherein jet hole 205 is located at the center location of insulator 202, and external discharge electrode is to 203 centered on jet hole 205, pass
It is symmetrically placed in symmetry axis AA；Jet hole 205 is placed in 202 center of insulator, and penetration insulator 202 leads to discharge cavity 302；It is external
Discharge electrode is located inside insulator 202, connect with conducting wire 204 to 203 penetration insulators 202, one end；The other end leads to insulation
Outside body 202；Discharge cavity 302 is located inside insulator 202, close to the position of jet hole 205, and two internal discharges are arranged at both ends
Electrode is to 301；External discharge electrode is connected to 203 electrode with the low-pressure end of priming supply, another electrode and inside
One electrode of discharge electrode pair is connected after passing through one capacitor of series connection after being connected with the low-pressure end of priming supply, internal discharge electricity
Another electrode extremely pair is then connected with the high-voltage end of priming supply.
In one embodiment of the invention, end face 0.2~2mm of the external discharge electrode to 203 prominent insulators 202；
External discharge electrode is made of to 203 two sub- electrodes, and each sub-electrode shape is identical, is cylindrical structure, and diameter 0.5~
2mm, electrode spacing match with jet stream bore dia, are 1~3mm；Using tungsten or molybdenum as metal material；Jet hole 205 is circle
Shape, diameter are 0.5~2mm, 0.5~2mm of depth；Internal electrode is made of to 301 two sub- electrodes, each sub-electrode shape phase
It together, is strip cylindrical structure, it is 1~3mm, electrode that the length of 0.5~2mm of diameter, electrode spacing and discharge cavity, which match,
Prominent discharge cavity height is 0.5~2mm；Discharge cavity 302 is cylinder, 0.5~2mm of diameter, long 1.5~3mm.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, end face 1mm of the external discharge electrode to 203 prominent insulators 202；Outside
Portion's discharge electrode is 1.5mm, electrode spacing 2mm to 203 diameter；Using tungsten as metal material；205 diameter of jet hole is
1mm, depth 1mm；Internal electrode is 1.5mm to 301 diameters, and electrode spacing 2mm, the prominent discharge cavity height of electrode is 1mm；
302 diameter of discharge cavity is 1mm, a length of 2mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, insulator 202 is wrapped up by metal shell 201, using nested type close installation,
Material selection ceramics insulator resistant to high temperature.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, insulator 202 is aluminium oxide ceramics.
In one embodiment of the invention, mutually to fix with outer wall of combustion chamber, 201 outside middle section of metal shell has spiral shell
Stud structure, specific thread parameter are subject to the erection joint of outer wall of combustion chamber；It is used for and aviation electricity close to the screw thread of conductor wire end
Cable is connected, and specific thread parameter is subject to the erection joint of Aviation cable.
In one embodiment of the invention, external lead wire 205 is three independent high-voltage-resistant electromagnetic shielding lines, Mei Yigen
External lead wire corresponds to a discharge electrode；Wherein external discharge electrode is to a certain electrode in 203 and internal electrode in 301
Any electrode be connected after be used as an electric discharge sub-electrode, after being connect with conducting wire directly with derided capacitors C01It is connected；It puts another inside
Electrode then pass through three leads second is connected with the high-voltage end of power supply, another external discharge electrode then with the low pressure of power supply
End is connected；The metal conduction portions of lead are in contact with the discharge electrode for being built in insulator 202.
The course of work of above-mentioned self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter are as follows:
Increase impedance behind electrode discharge gap and adjusts derided capacitors C01, realize the process point of high-voltage breakdown and capacitor electric discharge
From；Self-excitation type jet initiation device includes 2 grades of electrode gaps；First order electrode gap and derided capacitors C01After series winding with low-pressure end phase
Even；Second level electrode gap and derided capacitors C01It is in parallel；First order electrode gap is considered as capacitor, capacitor before not puncturing
Value is about 1pF；Derided capacitors C01Capacitance value range is 50~500pF；According to the law of partial pressure of series capacitance, firstly, from height
Most high voltages of pressure side are loaded into first order electrode gap both ends；It is empty between gap after the breakdown of first order electrode gap
Gas becomes conductor from insulator；Entire circuit becomes through discharge channel being derided capacitors C at this time01Charging；Derided capacitors C01With
Second level electrode gap is in parallel, therefore derided capacitors C01It is identical as second level electrode gap both end voltage；The breakdown of electrode gap
Voltage is much smaller than derided capacitors C01Pressure voltage, the low second level electrode gap of pressure voltage are breakdown first；At this point, power supply is by hitting
The discharge loop to be formed is worn to release energy；In entire discharge loop, other than the flame path that electric discharge is formed, what is only connected is led
Line, there is no the dissipative cells such as extra resistance are introduced, discharging efficiency is high.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, derided capacitors C01Capacitance is 100pF.
In one embodiment of the invention, discharge cavity 302 and jet hole 205 are designed on igniter head；Work as ignition power
When source works, to air breakdown between 301, electric discharge releases energy heating electric discharge intracavity gas strip internal electrode；Discharge cavity
Interior gas heating temperature, pressure increase rapidly, and jet hole 205 is sprayed under the action of pressure difference, form jet stream；Jet stream is straight after spraying
It connects and acts on the spark that external discharge electrode is generated to 203, discharge spark form can be changed, jet stream spark is formed, to mention
The penetration depth of high spark increases fiery core size.
Self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter of the invention can be effectively improved secondary point in the extreme condition lower combustion chamber of high-altitude
The reliability of fire.Compared with the igniting of conventional spark discharge, the present apparatus can generate stable strong hard shower spark, be formed big
Area heater region effectively increases the initial fiery core of igniting, improves the penetration depth of spark, improve ignition ability, be that aviation is secondary
Igniting provides a kind of strong hard shower spark lighter without gas source.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is the three-dimensional of igniter
Outline drawing perspective view, Fig. 1 (b) are the cross-sectional view of igniter apical head key position；
Fig. 2 is the discharge principle circuit of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the operation schematic diagram and real work for the jet flow type spark that self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter of the present invention generates
Image, wherein Fig. 3 (a) is operation schematic diagram, and Fig. 3 (b) is the spark image generated under work；
Fig. 4 is the spark image under the work of commercially available igniter；
Fig. 5 is the power supply circuit schematic diagram of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
C01--- derided capacitors,
C1--- capacitor between first electrode,
C2--- capacitor between second electrode,
201 --- igniter metal shell,
202 --- insulator,
203 --- external discharge electrode,
204 --- igniter lead,
205 --- jet hole,
301 --- internal discharge electrode,
302 --- internal discharge chamber
Specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with attached drawing 1~3, the invention will be further described.
The present invention provides a kind of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter.When igniting, which can be realized two channel high energy fire
Flower electric discharge.One channel energy can effectively be turned by reasonable distribution energy in conjunction with unique geometry designs of igniter simultaneously
Mechanical energy is turned to, synthesizing jet-flow is formed.Synthesizing jet-flow acts on the discharge spark in another channel, can effectively change electric discharge shape
State enhances the penetration depth and initial fiery core size of spark.
As shown in Figure 1, self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter (hereinafter referred to as " igniter ") shape is identical as conventional ignition device,
Mainly by metal shell 201, insulator 202, discharge electrode (external discharge electrode is to 203 and internal electrode to 301), conducting wire
204 and jet hole 205 form.As shown in Fig. 1 (a), igniter is flashlight barrel shape, and conducting wire 204 is located at igniter tail portion.Metal
Shell 201 is located at igniter first half, is hollow cylindrical.Insulator 202 is cylinder, is located inside metal shell,
Its excircle is contacted with the inner tight of metal shell 201, and inside processing groove and circular hole are used as jet hole 205, discharge cavity
302, and for installing external discharge electrode to 203 and internal electrode to 301.External discharge electrode to 203 and jet hole 205 all
Positioned at insulator 202 same diametrically, wherein jet hole 205 is located at the center location of insulator 202, external discharge electrode
To 203 centered on jet hole 205, it is symmetrically placed about symmetry axis AA.Jet hole 205 is placed in 202 center of insulator, penetrates absolutely
Edge body 202 leads to discharge cavity 302.External discharge electrode can be cylindrical electrode to 203, and penetration insulator 202, one end is located at
Inside insulator 202, it is connect with conducting wire 204；The other end leads to outside insulator 202.External discharge electrode to 203 an electricity
Pole is connected with the low-pressure end of priming supply, another electrode passes through series connection one after being connected with an electrode of internal discharge electrode pair
Be connected after a capacitor with the low-pressure end of priming supply, another electrode of internal discharge electrode pair then with the high-voltage end phase of priming supply
Even.
It is a feature of the present invention that forming jet stream to be mechanical energy by partial discharge effective energy transformation, it is different from conventional
Igniter, the present invention designs discharge cavity 302 and jet hole 205 on igniter head.Discharge cavity 302 is located in insulator 202
Portion, both ends arrange two strip internal electrodes to 301.When priming supply work, strip internal electrode is to empty between 301
Gas breakdown, electric discharge, which releases energy, heats electric discharge intracavity gas.Electric discharge intracavity gas heating temperature, pressure increase rapidly, in pressure difference
Under the action of spray jet hole 205, formed jet stream.Jet stream directly acts on the fire that external discharge electrode is generated to 203 after spraying
Flower can change discharge spark form, form jet stream spark, to improve the penetration depth of spark, increase fiery core size.
The schematic circuit of electric discharge is as shown in Fig. 2, the basic principle is that increasing impedance behind electrode discharge gap adjusts partial pressure
Capacitor realizes the process separation of high-voltage breakdown and capacitor electric discharge.As shown in Fig. 2, self-excitation type jet initiation device is including between 2 grades of electrodes
Gap；First order electrode gap and derided capacitors C01It is connected after series winding with low-pressure end；Second level electrode gap and derided capacitors C01And
Connection.First order electrode gap is considered as capacitor before not puncturing, and measures through impedance analyzer, and capacitance is about 1pF.It selects
Derided capacitors C01Capacitance value range is 50~500pF, preferably 100pF.According to the law of partial pressure of series capacitance, firstly, coming from
Most high voltages of high-voltage end are loaded into first order electrode gap both ends.After the breakdown of first order electrode gap, between gap
Air becomes conductor from insulator.Entire circuit becomes through discharge channel being derided capacitors C at this time01Charging.Derided capacitors C01
It is in parallel with second level electrode gap, therefore derided capacitors C01It is identical as second level electrode gap both end voltage.Electrode gap is hit
Voltage is worn much smaller than derided capacitors C01Pressure voltage, the low second level electrode gap of pressure voltage are breakdown first.At this point, power supply passes through
The discharge loop that breakdown is formed releases energy.In entire discharge loop, other than the flame path that electric discharge is formed, only connect
Conducting wire, there is no introduce the dissipative cells such as extra resistance, therefore discharging efficiency height.
In one embodiment of the invention, external discharge electrode is prominent exhausted to 203 (exposed on 202 surface of insulator)
The end face of edge body 202 about 0.2~2mm, preferably 1mm.External discharge electrode is made of to 203 two sub- electrodes, each sub-electrode shape
Shape is identical, is cylindrical structure, 0.5~2mm of diameter, preferably 1.5mm, and electrode spacing matches with jet stream bore dia, and about 1
~3mm, preferably 2mm；Using the metal material of high temperature resistant good conductivity, such as tungsten, molybdenum, preferably tungsten.Jet hole 205 is circle
Shape, diameter are about 0.5~2mm, preferably 1mm, 0.5~2mm of depth, preferably 1mm.Internal electrode is to 301 by two sub- electrode groups
At each sub-electrode shape is identical, is strip cylindrical structure, 0.5~2mm of diameter, preferably 1.5mm, electrode spacing and electric discharge
The length of chamber matches, about 1~3mm, preferably 2mm, and the prominent discharge cavity height of electrode is about 0.5~2mm, preferably 1mm.Electric discharge
Chamber 302 is cylinder, 0.5~2mm of diameter, preferably 1mm, long 1.5~3mm, preferably 2mm.
Insulator 202 first is that discharge electrode and metal shell 201 are effectively insulated, transport in the way of design by guarantee electric discharge
Row；Two are to provide the geometry of jet hole 205 Yu discharge cavity 302.As shown in Fig. 1 (a), insulator 202 is by metal shell 201
Package, using nested type close installation, material selection ceramics insulator resistant to high temperature, preferably Al2O3Ceramics.
201 contour structures of metal shell, generally cylindrical structure, inner hollow, hollow portion is for placing insulator 202
(discharge electrode is to 203 and 301 inside insulator 202).Mutually to be fixed with outer wall of combustion chamber, 201 outside middle section of metal shell
With bolt arrangement, specific thread parameter is subject to the erection joint of outer wall of combustion chamber, generally M18 screw thread.Close to conducting wire
The screw thread at end is used to be connected with Aviation cable, usually M18 screw thread.
External lead wire 205 is three independent high-voltage-resistant electromagnetic shielding lines, and each external lead wire corresponds to an electric discharge
Electrode.As one after wherein external discharge electrode is connected to a certain electrode in 203 and internal electrode to any electrode in 301
Discharge sub-electrode, after being connect with conducting wire directly with derided capacitors C01It is connected.Another internal discharge electrode then passes through three leads
Second is connected with the high-voltage end of power supply, and another external discharge electrode is then connected with the low-pressure end of power supply.The metallic conduction of lead
Part is in contact with the discharge electrode for being built in insulator 202, is connected using plug-in type, is separated by between electrode by insulator
From.
Spark image of the market common spark lighter on sale under high speed camera shooting is penetrated as shown in figure 4, penetrating by force
Shown in the operation schematic diagram of flow pattern spark lighter such as Fig. 3 (a), shown in jet flow type spark such as Fig. 3 (b) that high speed camera obtains.
As seen from the figure, igniter of the invention can effectively improve the penetration depth and fiery core size of fiery core, can effectively improve ignition energy
Power.
The power supply circuit of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as shown in figure 5, the energy supply of igniter by currently used
The high-energy ignition power supply of aero-engine provides (or other high-energy spark ignition powers such as fuel oil priming supply, pulverized coal ignition power supply
Source), high-voltage output end, the low pressure, input end of priming supply are separately connected the high-voltage end of power supply system, low-pressure end.Power supply system
High-voltage end is connected with a discharge electrode in internal discharge electrode group, and low-pressure end is then connected with any external discharge electrode, remaining
Under discharge electrode be connected after be connected with derided capacitors, the other end of derided capacitors is then connected with the low-pressure end of power supply system.
Compared with the igniting of conventional spark discharge, self-excitation type jet stream spark ignition has significant technical advantage: passing through increase
Discharge channel effectively increases the capacity usage ratio of power supply, by converting jet action in spark, Neng Gouyou for portion of energy
Effect increases the penetration depth and fiery core size of spark, therefore can effectively improve the ignition ability under the conditions of low-temperature and low-pressure.
Specific embodiment
It is the tungsten needle of 1.5mm that discharge electrode, which selects diameter,.203 spacing 2mm of external discharge electrode, is installed on jet hole two
Side, prominent 202 Partial Height of insulator are 1mm.Internal discharge electrode spacing is 2mm, is installed on discharge cavity two sides.Jet hole
205 be diameter 1mm, the round hole of high 1mm.Discharge cavity 302 is diameter 1mm, the circular cavity of long 2mm.Insulator is by Al2O3Ceramics
It fires.Metal shell 201 is designed with reference to aviation electric spark igniter used at present, and firing tip diameter is 18mm.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter, hereinafter referred to as " igniter ", shape is identical as conventional ignition device, by metal
Shell (201), insulator (202), discharge electrode-is including external discharge electrode to (203) and internal electrode to (301), conducting wire
(204) it is formed with jet hole (205)；Wherein
Igniter is flashlight barrel shape, and conducting wire (204) is located at igniter tail portion；Metal shell (201) is located at igniter first half
Point, it is hollow cylindrical；Insulator (202) is cylinder, is located inside metal shell, excircle and metal shell
(201) inner tight contact, inside processing groove and hole, are used as jet hole (205), discharge cavity (302), and outer for installing
Portion's discharge electrode is to (203) and internal electrode to (301)；External discharge electrode is all located at insulation to (203) and jet hole (205)
Diametrically, wherein jet hole (205) is located at the center location of insulator (202), external discharge electrode pair to the same of body (202)
(203) symmetrically placed centered on jet hole (205), about symmetry axis AA；Jet hole (205) is placed in insulator (202) center,
Penetration insulator (202) leads to discharge cavity (302)；External discharge electrode is located at exhausted to (203) penetration insulator (202), one end
Edge body (202) is internal, connect with conducting wire (204)；It is external that the other end leads to insulator (202)；Discharge cavity (302) is located at insulator
(202) internal, close to the position of jet hole (205), both ends arrange two internal discharge electrodes to 301；External discharge electrode pair
(203) a electrode is connected with the low-pressure end of priming supply, an electrode phase of another electrode and internal discharge electrode pair
Even after by series connection one capacitor after be connected with the low-pressure end of priming supply, another electrode of internal discharge electrode pair then with igniting
The high-voltage end of power supply is connected.
2. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein
End face 0.2~2mm of the external discharge electrode to (203) prominent insulator (202)；External discharge electrode is to (203) by two
A sub- electrode composition, each sub-electrode shape is identical, is cylindrical structure, 0.5~2mm of diameter, and electrode spacing is straight with jet hole
Diameter matches, and is 1~3mm；Using tungsten or molybdenum as metal material；Jet hole (205) is circle, and diameter is 0.5~2mm, deep
Spend 0.5~2mm；Internal electrode is made of (301) two sub- electrodes, and each sub-electrode shape is identical, is strip cylindrical type knot
The length of structure, 0.5~2mm of diameter, electrode spacing and discharge cavity matches, and is 1~3mm, the prominent discharge cavity height of electrode is 0.5
~2mm；Discharge cavity (302) is cylinder, 0.5~2mm of diameter, long 1.5~3mm.
3. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein external discharge electrode is to (203) prominent insulator
(202) end face 1mm；External discharge electrode is 1.5mm, electrode spacing 2mm to the diameter of (203)；Using tungsten as metal
Material；Jet hole (205) diameter is 1mm, depth 1mm；Internal electrode to (301) diameter be 1.5mm, electrode spacing 2mm,
The prominent discharge cavity height of electrode is 1mm；Discharge cavity (302) diameter is 1mm, a length of 2mm.
4. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein insulator (202) is wrapped by metal shell (201)
It wraps up in, using nested type close installation, material selection ceramics insulator resistant to high temperature.
5. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein insulator (202) is aluminium oxide ceramics.
6. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein mutually to be fixed with outer wall of combustion chamber, outside metal
The external middle section of shell (201) has a bolt arrangement, and specific thread parameter is subject to the erection joint of outer wall of combustion chamber；Close to conducting wire
For the screw thread at end for being connected with Aviation cable, specific thread parameter is subject to the erection joint of Aviation cable.
7. self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in claim 1, wherein external lead wire 205 is three independent resistance to height
Electromagnetic shielding line is pressed, each external lead wire corresponds to a discharge electrode；Wherein external discharge electrode is to a certain electricity in (203)
Pole be connected with internal electrode to any electrode in (301) after as an electric discharge sub-electrode, after being connect with conducting wire directly with divide
Voltage capacitance C01It is connected；Another internal discharge electrode then pass through three leads second is connected with the high-voltage end of power supply, another outer
Portion's discharge electrode is then connected with the low-pressure end of power supply；The metal conduction portions of lead and the electric discharge electricity for being built in insulator (202)
Pole is in contact.
8. the course of work of the self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 are as follows:
Increase impedance behind electrode discharge gap and adjusts derided capacitors C01, realize the process separation of high-voltage breakdown and capacitor electric discharge；
Self-excitation type jet initiation device includes 2 grades of electrode gaps；First order electrode gap and derided capacitors C01It is connected after series winding with low-pressure end；
Second level electrode gap and derided capacitors C01It is in parallel；First order electrode gap is considered as capacitor, capacitance before not puncturing
About 1pF；Derided capacitors C01Capacitance value range is 50~500pF；According to the law of partial pressure of series capacitance, firstly, coming from high pressure
Most high voltages at end are loaded into first order electrode gap both ends；After the breakdown of first order electrode gap, air between gap
Conductor is become from insulator；Entire circuit becomes through discharge channel being derided capacitors C at this time01Charging；Derided capacitors C01With
Secondary electrodes gap is in parallel, therefore derided capacitors C01It is identical as second level electrode gap both end voltage；The breakdown potential of electrode gap
Pressure is much smaller than derided capacitors C01Pressure voltage, the low second level electrode gap of pressure voltage are breakdown first；At this point, power supply passes through breakdown
The discharge loop of formation releases energy；In entire discharge loop, other than the flame path that electric discharge is formed, what is only connected is led
Line, there is no the dissipative cells such as extra resistance are introduced, discharging efficiency is high.
9. the course of work of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as claimed in claim 8, wherein derided capacitors C01Capacitance is
100pF。
10. the course of work of self-excitation type jet stream spark lighter as claimed in claim 8, wherein designed on igniter head
Discharge cavity (302) and jet hole (205)；When priming supply work, strip internal electrode to air breakdown between (301),
Electric discharge, which releases energy, heats electric discharge intracavity gas；Electric discharge intracavity gas heating temperature, pressure increase rapidly, under the action of pressure difference
It sprays jet hole (205), forms jet stream；Jet stream directly acts on the spark that external discharge electrode generates (203), energy after spraying
Enough change discharge spark form, form jet stream spark, to improve the penetration depth of spark, increases fiery core size.
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| CN201811328320.4A CN109361154B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Self-excitation type jet flow spark igniter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111022192A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A multi-cathode sliding arc plasma igniter |
| CN111308262A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A plasma igniter generator discharge counter |
| CN111734531A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-10-02 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A self-excited multi-point jet plasma igniter |
| CN111817140A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | A spark plug based on the principle of excitation and discharge of metal beams |
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