CN107963890B - 一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明是一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,即:先将分散剂、胶凝剂配置为组合助剂,加入陶瓷粉体及烧结助剂,搅拌混合均匀后制备出陶瓷料浆,再注入模具中,经固化成型、干燥,制备得到陶瓷坯体,再在特定的排胶制度下进行排胶热处理,选用场助烧结或无压烧结中的一种,在设定的温度及气氛下进行烧结,得到所述的TiN多孔导电陶瓷。该多孔陶瓷的孔隙率为30~70%,孔径尺寸1~20μm,抗弯强度为15~150MPa,电导率为8~25×103S/m。本发明在制备过程中避免了高温氮化过程,所得氮化钛多孔陶瓷纯度更高,孔隙率高,孔径分布均匀,结构可控,且可降低烧结温度,成本低廉,工艺简单,操作方便。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于结构材料制备领域,具体涉及一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法。
技术背景:
氮化钛是一种新型结构功能一体化的工程陶瓷材料,具有优良的化学稳定性和抗氧化性能,以及较高的导电性、导热性和超导临界温度,可用于电子器件中做热阻材料和超导材料;同时,它又有熔点高(3223K)、硬度大、密度小、摩擦系数小等特性,目前已成为一种有广泛用途的结构陶瓷。氮化钛陶瓷涂层可以提高刀具的硬度,改善切削工具的耐磨性能,提高切削工具使用寿命;氮化钛陶瓷还可以用于热电偶保护套、热交换器等化学装置,同时还可用作熔盐电解的电极以及电触头等材料。氮化钛多孔陶瓷是近年来在研究氮化钛陶瓷和多孔陶瓷基础上逐渐兴起的一种新型陶瓷材料,因其充分发挥氮化钛和多孔陶瓷两者的优异性能而引人注目,制备具有高气孔率的氮化钛多孔陶瓷更是目前研究的焦点。
传统氮化钛多孔陶瓷的制备方法是以直接氮化法为主,即以钛粉为主要原料先制备出多孔钛,然后通入氮气气氛,直接氮化制备得到氮化钛多孔陶瓷。但是在氮化过程中,钛粉表面会形成一层氮化钛薄膜,抑制钛粉的进一步氮化,导致很难氮化完全。有研究发现,通过将钛粉进行特殊处理,可以实现完全氮化,但成本明显增加。所以直接氮化法生产工艺复杂,成本过高,且制备得到的氮化钛多孔陶瓷纯度不高,不利于工业化生产。中国专利文献(CN105565815A)公开了一种氮化钛多孔陶瓷的制备方法,其中以二氧化钛粉末和碳黑为主要原料,通过碳热还原氮化法制备得到氮化钛多孔陶瓷。该方法原料低廉,制备得到的氮化钛多孔陶瓷气孔率高,但通过反应合成氮化钛的方法仍存在较多问题。为提高二氧化钛氮化率,必须升高烧结温度,但仍然无法保证氮化完全,降低氮化钛多孔陶瓷纯度,从而影响陶瓷性能。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,以克服上述现有技术中氮化钛的制备及应用局限性。
本发明解决其技术问题采用以下的技术方案:
本发明提供的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,具体是通过以下3个步骤实现的:
(1)陶瓷料浆的制备:
先按质量配比将分散剂(3~8wt.%)和胶凝剂(2~10wt.%)配置为组合助剂,再按质量配比加入陶瓷原料粉(97~95wt.%)及烧结助剂(3~5wt.%),然后经搅拌混合后制备得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)陶瓷坯体的制备:
将陶瓷料浆注入模具中,经固化成型、干燥,制备得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)在设定的排胶制度下将陶瓷坯体进行热处理,经烧结后得到氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷材料。
所述制备方法步骤(1)中的陶瓷料浆由以下方法制成:
①称取3~8wt.%的分散剂、2~10wt.%的胶凝剂溶于去离子水中,制备得到组合助剂;
②称取3~5wt.%的烧结助剂、与陶瓷原料粉体一起加入到组合助剂中;
③将混合液至于搅拌台上24~48h,搅拌速率为500~700r/min。
本发明所述制备方法步骤(2)中,是将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具中,其固化成型时间为10~30min,干燥时间为1~3天。
本发明所述氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所用烧结方式为场助烧结或无压烧结中的一种。具体烧结工艺为:烧成温度为1300~1600℃,升温速率为2~10℃/min,保温时间为4~8h;所用气氛为氩气或氮气中的一种。
本发明所述制备方法步骤(3)中排胶温度为350~650℃,升温速率为0.5~5℃/min,保温时间为1~4h,所用气氛为空气。
本发明所述制备方法步骤(1)中的陶瓷原料粉体为TiN,其平均粒径为2~10μm,所用烧结助剂为Y2O3、MgO、Al2O3、CeO2、B2O3、SiO2中的一种或多种,其平均粒径为2~5μm。
本发明所述制备方法步骤(1)中的分散剂包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、柠檬酸铵(C6H17N3O7)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酸铵(PAA-NH4)中的一种。
本发明所述制备方法步骤(1)中的胶凝剂包括丙烯酰胺(AM)体系、甲基丙烯酰胺(MAM)体系、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)体系中的一种。
本发明制备的氮化钛多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为30~70%,抗弯强度为15~150MPa,孔径尺寸1~20μm,电导率为8~25×103S/m,孔隙分布均匀,孔隙结构可控。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下的主要优点:
相比于传统的直接氮化法及碳热还原氮化法,本发明制备过程中避免了高温氮化过程,所获得的氮化钛多孔陶瓷纯度更高,且可降低烧结温度,成本低廉,工艺简单,操作方便,所制备得到的氮化钛多孔陶瓷孔隙率高(~60%),孔径分布均匀,结构可控;同时本发明所提及的方法可制备出满足各种需求的特殊形状的氮化钛多孔陶瓷,并首次研究了其导电性能,电导率高达25×103S/m,扩大了其应用范围。
本发明首次对氮化钛多孔陶瓷的电学性能进行研究,发明所采用制备方法相对于传统的直接氮化法和碳热还原法而言,所获得氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷孔径分布均匀、孔隙结构可控,具有较高的力学性能及电学性能,同时氮化钛本身具有较强的电化学稳定性及耐腐蚀性,能有效替代多孔金属在电极材料中的应用,且该制备方法简单、成本低廉,易于实现工业化。
附图说明
图1是实施例1、实施例2和实施例6中TiN多孔陶瓷的XRD图片。
图2是实施例3中TiN多孔陶瓷的低倍SEM图片。
图3是实施例3中TiN多孔陶瓷的高倍SEM图片。
图4是实施例2~5中TiN多孔陶瓷的孔隙率及抗弯强度变化趋势图。
图5是实施例2~5中TiN多孔陶瓷的电导率变化趋势图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种氮化钛多孔陶瓷的制备方法,具体是:以TiN陶瓷粉体为初始原料,Y2O3、MgO、Al2O3、CeO2、B2O3、SiO2中的一种或多种为烧结助剂,选用聚乙二醇(PEG)、柠檬酸铵(C6H17N3O7)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酸铵(PAA-NH4)中的一种作为分散剂,丙烯酰胺(AM)体系、甲基丙烯酰胺(MAM)体系、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)体系中的一种作为胶凝剂,首先将分散剂、胶凝剂配置为组合助剂,然后加入陶瓷粉体和烧结助剂,在500~700r/min的搅拌速率下搅拌混合24~48h后制备出陶瓷料浆,再将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,脱模制备得到陶瓷坯体,再以0.5~5℃/min的升温速率在350~650℃下进行排胶热处理,最后以2~10℃的升温速率在1300~1600℃下保温4~8h进行烧结,制备得到孔隙率为30~70%,孔径尺寸1~20μm,抗弯强度为15~150MPa,电导率为8~25×103S/m,孔隙分布均匀,孔隙结构可控的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷。
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明,但不限定本发明。
实施例1:
(1)分别称取0.75gPEG、0.45gAM、0.05gMBAM溶于15mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以1℃/min的升温速率升至450℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以5℃/min的升温速率升至1500℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为52.6%,孔径平均尺寸12.5μm,抗弯强度为18.6MPa,电导率为1.25×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
实施例2:
(1)分别称取0.75gPEG、0.45gAM、0.05gMBAM溶于15mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以0.5℃/min的升温速率升至400℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以6℃/min的升温速率升至1600℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为46.05%,孔径平均尺寸10.5μm,抗弯强度为23.56MPa,电导率为1.89×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
实施例3:
(1)分别称取0.60gPEG、0.40gAM、0.05gMBAM溶于12.3mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以0.5℃/min的升温速率升至450℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以5℃/min的升温速率升至1600℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为43.25%,孔径平均尺寸8.5μm,抗弯强度为27.86MPa,电导率为2.26×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
实施例4:
(1)分别称取0.6gPEG、0.35gAM、0.045gMBAM溶于10mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以0.5℃/min的升温速率升至450℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以5℃/min的升温速率升至1600℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为41.75%,孔径平均尺寸6.5μm,抗弯强度为32.27MPa,电导率为2.26×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
实施例5:
(1)分别称取0.80gPEG、0.50gAM、0.06gMBAM溶于18mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以0.5℃/min的升温速率升至450℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以8℃/min的升温速率升至1600℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为47.63%,孔径平均尺寸7.5μm,抗弯强度为20.7MPa,电导率为1.68×104S/m孔隙分布均匀。
实施例6:
(1)分别称取0.75gPEG、0.45gAM、0.05gMBAM溶于15mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以0.5℃/min的升温速率升至400℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以8℃/min的升温速率升至1400℃/min进行烧结,保温时间6h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为55.8%,孔径平均尺寸15.5μm,抗弯强度为17.5MPa,电导率为1.02×104S/m孔隙分布均匀。
实施例7:
(1)分别称取0.70gPEG、0.40gAM、0.05gMBAM溶于12.3mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以1℃/min的升温速率升至400℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以8℃/min的升温速率升至1500℃/min进行烧结,保温时间4h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为49.38%,孔径平均尺寸14.5μm,抗弯强度为20.25MPa,电导率为1.36×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
实施例8:
(1)分别称取0.65gPEG、0.45gAM、0.06gMBAM溶于10mL去离子水中,待混合均匀后称取0.45gY2O3、14.5gTiN加入其中。将混合溶液置于搅拌台上,搅拌速率为700r/min,搅拌时间24h,得到陶瓷料浆;
(2)称取0.01gAPS溶于陶瓷料浆中,再加入1~3滴TEMED,混合均匀后将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具之中,经10~30min固化成型,在室温下干燥1~3天,得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)将陶瓷坯体以1℃/min的升温速率升至400℃进行排胶预处理,保温2h,此过程在空气中进行;再以8℃/min的升温速率升至1400℃/min进行烧结,保温时间6h,此过程在氩气气氛中进行。
本实施例制备得到的TiN多孔陶瓷,其孔隙率为46.31%,孔径平均尺寸9.5μm,抗弯强度为23.65MPa,电导率为1.28×104S/m,孔隙分布均匀。
Claims (6)
1.一种氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是采用包括以下步骤的方法:
(1)陶瓷料浆的制备:
先按质量配比将分散剂3~8wt.%和胶凝剂2~10wt.%配置为组合助剂,再按质量配比加入陶瓷原料粉97~95wt.%及烧结助剂3~5wt.%,然后经搅拌混合后制备得到陶瓷料浆;
所述陶瓷原料粉体为TiN,其平均粒径为2~10μm,所用烧结助剂为Y2O3、MgO、Al2O3、CeO2、B2O3、SiO2中的一种或多种,其平均粒径为2~5μm;
(2)陶瓷坯体的制备:
将陶瓷料浆注入模具中,经固化成型、干燥,制备得到陶瓷坯体;
(3)在设定的排胶制度下将陶瓷坯体进行热处理,经烧结后得到氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷材料;所用烧结方式为场助烧结或无压烧结中的一种,具体烧结工艺为:烧成温度为1300~1600℃,升温速率为2~10℃/min,保温时间为4~8h,所用气氛为氩气或氮气中的一种;
制备出的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷,其孔隙率为30~70%,孔径尺寸1~20μm,抗弯强度为15~150MPa,电导率为8~25×103S/m,且孔径分布均匀,孔隙结构可控。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中制备陶瓷料浆是通过以下步骤实现的:
(1)称取3~8wt.%的分散剂、2~10wt.%的胶凝剂溶于去离子水中,制备得到组合助剂;
(2)称取3~5wt.%的烧结助剂、与陶瓷原料粉体一起加入到组合助剂中;
(3)将混合液至于搅拌台上24~48h,搅拌速率为500~700r/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中,是将陶瓷料浆倒入陶瓷、金属或聚合物材质模具中,其固化成型时间为10~30min,干燥时间为1~3天。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(3)所述排胶制度具体为:排胶温度为350~650℃,升温速率为0.5~5℃/min,保温时间为1~4h,所用气氛为空气。
5.根据权利要求1所述的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的分散剂包括聚乙二醇、柠檬酸铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酸铵中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的氮化钛多孔导电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)所述的胶凝剂包括丙烯酰胺体系、甲基丙烯酰胺体系、甲基丙烯酸体系中的一种。
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