CN107941652A - A kind of detection method and device of irregular shape nonporous solid density - Google Patents

Abstract

A detection method for the density of irregular-shaped non-porous solids is to add deionized water into the polytetrafluoroethylene container, stop adding after the water has submerged the overflow pipe, and close the ball valve after the deionized water stops flowing out of the water container. Weighing, dry and weigh the sample to be tested, evenly coat the solid surface with a layer of vaseline, and weigh, place the sample under the solid test baffle in the container; after the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve, and wait for the water to drain. After completion, weigh the water container, calculate the solid density, prepare 3 pieces of each sample for testing, and take the average value of the test results. The invention has the advantages of being fast, accurate, and able to handle any irregular shape.

Description

A method and device for detecting the density of an irregular-shaped non-porous solid

technical field

The invention belongs to a method and a device for detecting the density of an irregular-shaped non-porous solid.

Background technique

Solid density is an important physical property of solid, which is closely related to solid mechanical properties and solid utilization. It is an important index to evaluate the characteristics of solid quality and strength. Density definition ρ=m/V (m, V are the mass and volume of the solid, respectively). For objects with irregular shapes, it is difficult to accurately calculate the volume V, so the calculated density ρ is rough and imprecise. For the commonly used drainage method, the measurement of mass is relatively accurate, but the measurement error of volume is relatively large, and the sample is easily contaminated when binding the sample, resulting in a decrease in accuracy. Some solid samples will absorb water, resulting in inaccurate volume measurements; there are also solid samples that float on the water surface during detection, which is more troublesome to measure.

Therefore, it is still necessary to explore a new method that can be fast, accurate, and capable of detecting the density of non-porous solids of any irregular shape.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device capable of detecting the density of non-porous solids of any irregular shape quickly and accurately.

In the present invention, vaseline is first coated on the solid surface, and since the vaseline and deionized water are not infiltrated, the solid drainage volume can be ensured accurately; then the density of deionized water is accurately calculated through temperature testing, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the drainage volume; secondly, the selected container And the solution does not infiltrate each other, and there is a valve at the end of the overflow to ensure the stability and smoothness of the drainage; finally, the equipment is also equipped with a solid baffle, which can also test solid substances with a density lower than water. It can quickly and accurately measure the density of various irregular-shaped non-porous solids, shorten the test period, and improve the detection accuracy.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme adopted by the detection method of the present invention is as follows:

(1) Slowly add deionized water into the polytetrafluoroethylene container, stop adding after the water has submerged the overflow pipe, and close the ball valve after the deionized water stops flowing out;

(2) Place the sample to be tested in an oven, set the temperature at 105-150°C, dry for 2 hours, weigh 3 times and the error is less than 0.001, take the average mass meter as m, coat the solid surface with a layer of Vaseline evenly, and weigh it 3 times the error is less than 0.001, take the average mass meter as m ₀ ;

(3) Clamp the sample with polytetrafluoroethylene tweezers, exhaust the adsorption air bubbles on the surface of the sample, and slowly place it under the solid test baffle in the polytetrafluoroethylene container;

(4) After the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve. After the water is completely drained, measure the mass of the water container before and after the water is drained and make m ₁ and m ₂ respectively, and then calculate the density ρ ₀ of the deionized water by measuring the temperature T. And query the vaseline density meter to do ρ where, _the calculation formula of deionized water density ρ ₀ and solid density ρ is:

ρ ₀ =0.999972×{1-[(T-3.9846) ² /510113.5][(T+289.7991)(T+68.11615)]} (g/cm ³ ).

ρ=ρ ₀ × _ρfan ×m/[ _ρfan ×(m ₂ -m ₁ )-ρ ₀ ×(m ₀ -m)];

(5) Prepare 3 pieces of each sample for testing, and take the average value of the test results.

A detection device for the density of an irregularly shaped non-porous solid, including a polytetrafluoroethylene container, a temperature measuring port, a solid test block, an overflow pipe, a ball valve and a water container, characterized in that there is a solid test object in the polytetrafluoroethylene container There is an overflow pipe on the wall of the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1 located above the solid test block, and there is a ball valve at the bottom of the overflow pipe. The outlet of the overflow pipe enters the inlet of the water container, and the temperature measurement port is located on the solid test baffle. and overflow pipe.

Adopt the beneficial effect brought by the present invention as follows:

The present invention only needs to weigh and dry the solid mass, and coat the surface with vaseline, use tweezers that are not wetted by the solution, put the solid sample into the solution at the solid baffle, and accurately calculate the temperature of the solid discharged from the solution. Volume, which can accurately calculate the density of the solid to be measured (including solids with a density less than that of the solution). It can be seen that the method for measuring the solid density by the present invention is simple and accurate, and can realize the detection of the density of any irregular-shaped non-porous solid.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of an irregular-shaped non-porous solid density device according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, 1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene container, 2 is a temperature measuring port, 3 is a solid test block, 4 is deionized water, 5 is an overflow pipe, 6 is a ball valve, and 7 is a water container.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A device for detecting the density of an irregularly shaped non-porous solid, comprising a polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, a temperature measuring port 2, a solid test block 3, an overflow pipe 5, a ball valve 6 and a water container 7. It is characterized in that there is a solid test block 3 in the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, an overflow pipe 5 is arranged on the wall of the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1 above the solid test block 3, and a ball valve 6 is arranged at the bottom of the overflow pipe 5, and the overflow pipe The outlet of 5 enters the inlet of the water container 7, and the temperature measuring port 2 is located between the solid test baffle plate 3 and the overflow pipe 5.

A kind of detection method of the non-porous solid density of irregular shape of the present invention, selects solid to be the pine wood of density less than water, comprises the following steps:

(1) Slowly add deionized water 4 into the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, stop adding after the deionized water 4 has not passed the overflow pipe 5, and close the ball valve 6 after the deionized water 4 stops flowing out;

(2) Place the sample to be tested in an oven, set the temperature at 110°C, bake for 2 hours, weigh 3 times, the weights are 1.2544g, 1.2541g, 1.2538g, the error is less than 0.001, take m=1.2541g, and evenly weigh the solid surface Apply a layer of vaseline, and weigh it three times, the weights are 1.2655g, 1.2652g, 1.2649g respectively, take m ₀ =1.2652g;

(3) Clamp the sample with polytetrafluoroethylene tweezers, exhaust the adsorption air bubbles on the surface of the sample, and slowly place it under the solid test baffle plate 3 in the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1;

(4) After the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve 6, and after the deionized water 4 is completely drained, weigh the mass of the water container 7 before and after draining, and weigh it three times respectively, and take the average value, wherein m ₁ =38.1245g , m ₂ =41.0496g, and the temperature for passing the test is 25°C, according to the calculation formula of deionized water density ρ ₀ ρ ₀ =0.999972×{1-[(T-3.9846) ² /510113.5][(T+289.7991) (T+68.11615)]}(g/cm ³ ) Accurately calculate ρ ₀ =0.997044g/cm ³ , and query the vaseline density meter to make ρ where = _0.81g /cm ³ , so as to calculate the drainage volume, which is the solid volume, Thus, the solid density ρ=ρ ₀ × _ρfan ×m/[ _ρfan ×(m ₂ -m ₁ )-ρ ₀ ×(m ₀ -m)] can be obtained, by calculating ρ=0.4295g/cm ³ ;

(5) Three pieces of each sample were prepared for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 present invention tests pine density and drainage method measures pine density comparison

Compared with the result of testing pine density by the present invention and the drainage method, the test result of the present invention is more precise and accurate, and it is applicable to different temperatures and various irregular shapes and density of non-porous solids less than water. detection.

Example 2

A method for detecting the density of an irregular-shaped non-porous solid of the present invention selects the solid as a plastic having a similar density to water, comprising the following steps:

(1) Slowly add deionized water 4 into the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, stop adding after the deionized water 4 has passed through the overflow pipe 5, and close the ball valve 6 after the deionized water 4 stops flowing out;

(2) Place the sample to be tested in an oven, set the temperature at 110°C, bake for 2 hours, weigh 3 times, the weight is 2.3642g, 2.3645g, 2.3648g, the error is less than 0.001, take m=2.3645g, and evenly coat the solid surface Cover with a layer of vaseline, and weigh it three times, the weights are 2.3726g, 2.3725g, 2.3727g respectively, take m ₀ =2.3725g;

(3) Clamp the sample with polytetrafluoroethylene tweezers, exhaust the adsorption air bubbles on the surface of the sample, and slowly place it under the solid test baffle plate 3 in the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1;

(4) After the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve 6, and after the deionized water 4 is completely drained, measure the mass of the water container 7 before and after draining as m ₁ and m ₂ respectively, weigh them three times, and take the average value, where m ₁ =36.2346g, m ₂ =38.5932g, and the temperature for passing the test is 15°C, according to the calculation formula of deionized water density ρ ₀ ρ ₀ =0.999972×{1-[(T-3.9846) ² / 510113.5][(T+289.7991)/(T+68.11615)]}(g/cm ³ ) to accurately calculate ρ ₀ =0.999099g/cm ³ , and query the vaseline density meter to do ρ where = _0.81g /cm ³ , so as to calculate The drainage volume is the solid volume, so the solid density ρ=ρ ₀ × _ρfan ×m/[ _ρfan ×(m ₂ -m ₁ )-ρ ₀ ×(m ₀ -m)] can be obtained, by calculating ρ = 1.0058g/cm ³ ;

(5) Three pieces of each sample were prepared for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 The present invention tests plastic density and drainage method to measure plastic density comparison

Compared with the result of testing the plastic density of the present invention and the drainage method, the test result of the present invention is more precise and accurate, and is suitable for non-porous solids with different temperatures and various irregular shapes and densities close to water detection.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Example 3

A method for detecting the density of an irregular-shaped non-porous solid according to the present invention, wherein the solid is selected as a metal-based composite material with a density greater than that of water, comprising the following steps:

(1) Slowly add deionized water 4 into the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1, stop adding after the deionized water 4 has passed through the overflow pipe 5, and close the ball valve 6 after the deionized water 4 stops flowing out;

(2) Place the sample to be tested in an oven, set the temperature at 110°C, bake for 2 hours, weigh 3 times, the weight is 5.6793g, 5.6798g, 5.6795g, the error is less than 0.001, take m=5.6795g, and evenly coat the solid surface Cover with a layer of vaseline, and weigh it three times, the weights are 5.6834g, 5.6838g, 5.6840g respectively, take m ₀ =5.6837g;

(3) Clamp the sample with polytetrafluoroethylene tweezers, exhaust the adsorption air bubbles on the surface of the sample, and slowly place it under the solid test baffle plate 3 in the polytetrafluoroethylene container 1;

(4) After the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve 6, and after the deionized water 4 is completely drained, measure the mass of the water container 7 before and after draining as m ₁ and m ₂ respectively, weigh them three times, and take the average value, where m ₁ =79.5325g, m ₂ =80.6328g, and the temperature for passing the test is 5°C, according to the calculation formula of deionized water density ρ ₀ ρ ₀ =0.999972×{1-[(T-3.9846) ² / 510113.5][(T+289.7991)/(T+68.11615)]}(g/cm ³ ) to accurately calculate ρ ₀ =0.999965g/cm ³ , and query the vaseline density meter to do ρ where = _0.81g /cm ³ , so as to calculate The drainage volume is the solid volume, so the solid density ρ=ρ ₀ × _ρfan ×m/[ _ρfan ×(m ₂ -m ₁ )-ρ ₀ ×(m ₀ -m)] can be obtained, by calculating ρ = 5.1860g/cm ³ ;

(5) Three pieces of each sample are prepared for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 3

Table 3 The present invention tests the metal matrix composite material density and the drainage method measures the metal matrix composite material density comparison

Compared with the results of testing the density of metal matrix composite materials by the method of the present invention and the results of testing the density of metal matrix composite materials by the drainage method, the test results of the present invention are more precise and accurate, and are suitable for different temperatures and various irregular shapes with a density greater than that of water. Density detection of nonporous solids.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Claims (2)

1. a detection method of irregular shape non-porous solid density, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1) Slowly add deionized water into the polytetrafluoroethylene container, stop adding after the water has submerged the overflow pipe, and close the ball valve after the deionized water stops flowing out; (2) Place the sample to be tested in an oven, set the temperature at 105-150°C, dry for 2 hours, weigh 3 times and the error is less than 0.001, take the average mass meter as m, coat the solid surface with a layer of Vaseline evenly, and weigh it 3 times the error is less than 0.001, take the average mass meter as m ₀ ; (3) Clamp the sample with polytetrafluoroethylene tweezers, exhaust the adsorption air bubbles on the surface of the sample, and slowly place it under the solid test baffle in the polytetrafluoroethylene container; (4) After the liquid level is stable, open the ball valve. After the water is completely drained, measure the mass of the water container before and after the water is drained and make m ₁ and m ₂ respectively, and then calculate the density ρ ₀ of the deionized water by measuring the temperature T. And query the vaseline density meter to do ρ where, _the calculation formula of deionized water density ρ ₀ and solid density ρ is: ρ ₀ =0.999972×{1-[(T-3.9846) ² /510113.5][(T+289.7991)/(T+68.11615)]} (g/cm ³ ). ρ=ρ ₀ × _ρfan ×m/[ _ρfan ×(m ₂ -m ₁ )-ρ ₀ ×(m ₀ -m)]; (5) Prepare 3 pieces of each sample for testing, and take the average value of the test results. 2. A detection device for the density of an irregularly shaped non-porous solid, which includes a polytetrafluoroethylene container (1), a temperature measuring port (2), a solid test block (3), an overflow pipe (5), a ball valve (6 ) and a water container (7), it is characterized in that there is a solid test block (3) in the polytetrafluoroethylene container (1), and there is an overflow on the wall of the polytetrafluoroethylene container (1) above the solid test block (3). There is a ball valve (6) at the bottom of the flow pipe (5), the overflow pipe (5), the outlet of the overflow pipe (5) enters the inlet of the water container (7), and the temperature measuring port (2) is located on the solid test baffle (3) and overflow pipe (5).