CN1078390C - Antenna array calibration - Google Patents
Antenna array calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN1078390C CN1078390C CN95193418A CN95193418A CN1078390C CN 1078390 C CN1078390 C CN 1078390C CN 95193418 A CN95193418 A CN 95193418A CN 95193418 A CN95193418 A CN 95193418A CN 1078390 C CN1078390 C CN 1078390C
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- antenna segment
- correction factor
- aerial array
- signal
- correct
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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- Radio Transmission System (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本文揭示了用于校正在移动无线通信系统中所使用的天线阵列的发送的方法和设备，以提高天线波束的波束形状和方向的精度。首先，把输入信号输入到每个天线段，一次一个天线段。然后由每个天线段发送的信号被测量，且对每个天线段可形成校正因子。然后通过使用校正因子调整天线段以便确保每段都被正确地校正。
Methods and apparatus are disclosed herein for correcting the transmissions of antenna arrays used in mobile wireless communication systems to improve the accuracy of the beam shape and direction of antenna beams. First, an input signal is input to each antenna segment, one antenna segment at a time. The signal transmitted by each antenna segment is then measured and a correction factor can be formed for each antenna segment. The antenna segments are then adjusted by using the correction factors to ensure that each segment is correctly corrected.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to be used for the aerial array of cellular communication system base station, relate more specifically to be used to improve the antenna array calibration system of base station performance.
Background of invention
Cellular communication industry has obtained outstanding progress in other regional business management in the U.S. and the world.In the number of users of the cellular communication of metropolitan area considerably beyond expected results and will be above power system capacity.If this trend continues, even on the market of minimum, the effect that increases will reach very soon fast.Therefore the solution that needs innovation satisfies the capacity requirement of these growths and keeps high quality services and avoid improving price.And when the cellular communication number of users increased, the problem relevant with common-channel interference became more and more important.
Fig. 1 has shown ten cell C1-C10 in typical cellular mobile radio communications system.Usually, cellular mobile radio system will be implemented with the cell more than ten.Yet for simplicity, but the present invention's mat uses reduced representation shown in Figure 1 to be illustrated.For each cell, C1-C10 has a base station B1-B10, and it has and the corresponding same reference number of cell.Fig. 1 has shown and has been positioned near the cell center, and had the base station of omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 1 has also shown nine travelling carriage M1-M9, and they can move in cell, and moves to another cell from a cell.In typical cellular wireless system, the cellular mobile station more than nine will be arranged usually.The number of the travelling carriage that in fact, has typically is the manyfold of the number of base stations that has.Yet for purpose of the present invention is described, the travelling carriage that reduces number is enough.
On Fig. 1, also shown moving exchanging center MSC.Moving exchanging center MSC shown on Fig. 1 is connected to all ten base station B1-B10 by cable.Moving exchanging center MSC also is connected to fixedly switched telephone or similarly fixed network by cable.Not shown all cables and the cable from MSC to the fixed network on figure from moving exchanging center MSC to base station B1-B10.
Except the moving exchanging center MSC shown in scheming to go up, another mobile switching centre can also be arranged, it connects the base station of envelope except that base station shown in Figure 1 by cable.Except cable, also can use other device, for example, fixing Radio Link is connected to mobile switching centre to the base station.Moving exchanging center MSC, base station and travelling carriage all are computer-controlled.
In traditional cellular mobile radio system, as shown in Figure 1, each base station has antenna isotropic directivity or direction-sense, is used for signal broadcasting to zone that the base station covered.Therefore, by using this system that the signal broadcasting of giving specific travelling carriage is arrived whole overlay areas.And no matter the relative position of this travelling carriage.In the base station, transmitter has a power amplifier to each carrier frequency.Amplifying signal is combined and is connected to a common antenna with narrow orientation wave beam.Because the broad beam of common antenna for example covers 120 ° or 360 ° on the orientation, antenna gain is lower and do not have spatial selectivity to can be used to reduce interference problem.
Up-to-date technology concentrates on uses linear power amplifier to amplify the composite signal by several carrier frequency, then it is fed to common antenna.In these systems, common antenna also has wide orientation wave beam.Thereby these systems also run into interference problem.
In order to overcome these problems, antenna system has been designed to increase the gain that transmits has been reduced and the relevant interference problem in typical base station simultaneously.Such antenna system is described in U.S. Patent application No.08/253, and 484, be entitled as " micro-strip antenna array ", quote for your guidance herein.The micro-strip antenna array that is disclosed uses the wave beam of several band narrow beam width covers is provided service by the base station zone.Thereby the gain of wave beam can be higher than the gain by the employed typical broad beam of traditional antenna separately.And, can use polarization diversity and without space diversity, change and interference problem to reduce decline.Yet in order to be shaped more accurately and the directional antenna wave beam, these array antennas need accurately be calibrated.
Brief summary of the invention
The precision that an object of the present invention is beam shape by improving antenna beam and sensing is improved the performance of travelling carriage.This is to measure and proofread and correct and finish by the sum of errors element characteristic that occurs in the antenna array elements between beam shaping device and radiation field is changed.As a result, antenna array elements does not need to reach as accurate coupling, but because all the application of the invention and obtain proofreading and correct of any difference.And the present invention also can be used to the test antenna array and normally work to confirm aerial array array element before being used by communication system.
According to one embodiment of the present of invention, disclosed the method and apparatus that is used for proofreading and correct in the transmission of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system.At first, input signal is imported into each antenna segment, next antenna segment.Signal by each antenna segment transmission is measured then, and can form correction factor to each antenna segment.Then by using correction factor to adjust antenna segment so that guarantee that every section is all correctly proofreaied and correct.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, disclosed the method and apparatus that is used to proofread and correct in the reception of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system.At first, produce an input signal and inject each antenna segment of aerial array.Measured by the signal that each antenna segment received, then by comparing and can form a correction signal to each antenna segment injecting signal and measuring-signal.All correctly proofreaied and correct so that guarantee each antenna segment by using correction factor to adjust antenna segment then.The known features that correction factor also can be the separate antenna unit is carried out adjustment.
The accompanying drawing summary
Describe the present invention in more detail now with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, these embodiment only provide by way of example and are shown in the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown typical cellular radio Communication system;
Fig. 2 has shown the configuration that is used to draw the correction factor that receives for aerial array according to one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 3 has shown the configuration that is used to draw the correction factor that sends for aerial array according to one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 4 has shown that the wave beam according to one embodiment of the present of invention forms correction; And
Fig. 5 has shown the figure adjustment according to the wave beam formation of one embodiment of the present of invention.
The detailed description of content of the present invention
The present invention mainly is intended for use the base station of cellular communication system, though will be appreciated that for those skilled in the art, the present invention can be used to other various communications applications.
According to one embodiment of the present of invention, correcting network is used to proofread and correct the element relevant with each antenna segment of aerial array.Fig. 2 has shown the configuration that is used for proofreading and correct in the reception of the aerial array of architecture of base station.Receiving correction is to finish from the output of each antenna segment to each antenna segment and measurement by injecting known signal.As shown in Figure 2, transmitter 18 produces a signal, and it is corrected network 16 and is added to each antenna segment 10, and correcting network 16 is passive distribution networks, and it is distributed to the signal that is produced the correction port of each antenna segment.Then, each signal is by its low noise amplifier 12 separately, and consequent signal is detected in beam-forming device 14.Then, beam-forming device 14 transmits by handle and received signal is compared produces correction factor, so that proofread and correct each antenna segment of aerial array 10 individually.If the received signal from each antenna segment is consistent with the known signal that is injected into this antenna segment, then needn't use correction factor.The appearance that the sum of errors element characteristic changes will change these relations, and this will be detected by the measuring element in the beam-forming device.Calculate then and be described in each antenna to compensating the correction factor of needed correcting value.Correction factor can be described to the correction among amplitude and phasing or I and the Q.
Shown the configuration that is used for proofreading and correct in the emission of the aerial array of base station among Fig. 3.According to present embodiment, beam-forming device 34 produces one and sends signal, and it is added to each antenna segment of aerial array 30, next antenna segment.Sending signal by after the power amplifier 32 separately, 36 pairs of consequent signals from each antenna segment of correcting network are sampled.Consequent then signal is sent to receiver 38, calculation element 40 from the received signal of receiver 38 with for original transmission aligned phase signal of each antenna segment.The appearance that the sum of errors element characteristic changes will change these relations, and this will be detected by calculation element, and calculate that to be described in each antenna segment be the correction factor that compensates needed correcting value.Correction factor can be described to amplitude and phasing, or the correction of I and Q.
Aerial array uses the correction factor of measuring to form the narrow antenna beam that has preferred Low Sidelobe level.Several methods of correction factor with the adjustment aerial array that are used to use can be arranged.As shown in Figure 4, correction factor can be used to be adjusted at the phase place and/or the amplitude of the signal between beam-forming device 42 and the aerial array 44.In this example, correction factor can be added to amplifier 46 with the amplitude that changes signal and/or be added to phase shifter 48 to change the phase place of signal.And as shown in Figure 5, if used digital beam to form by digitlization ground addition I and Q correction factor before the A/D conversion, correction factor can be used by beam-forming device so.
Because the present invention is for being measured and proofreaied and correct by the error that element produced that is connected to each antenna segment, so the present invention has reduced widely to the desired precision of these elements.In addition, correcting network has been tested the device relevant with each antenna segment simultaneously, is normally working so that confirm aerial array.
Can see that for those skilled in the art the present invention can not deviated from spirit of the present invention and central idea by embodiment with other concrete form.Therefore, can be looked at as all be illustrative and not restrictive to the present embodiment that discloses in all respects.Scope of the present invention represented by additional claim rather than limited by above description, and the institute that is done in the meaning of equivalent of the present invention and scope changes and also plans to be included in the claim.
Claims (24)
1. be used for proofreading and correct the method in the transmission of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system, described aerial array comprises a plurality of antenna segment, said method comprising the steps of:
Input signal is input to each antenna segment, next antenna segment;
The signal that measurement is sent by each antenna segment;
Form correction factor from the signal of described measurement to each antenna segment, and
Adjust the output of described antenna segment with described correction factor.
2. according to the method for transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the phase place of the output of antenna segment.
3. according to the method for transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the amplitude of the output of antenna segment.
4. according to the method for transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the phase place and the amplitude of the output of antenna segment.
5. according to the method for transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein correction factor is added on the signal between beam-forming device and the antenna segment.
6. according to the method for transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein correction factor digitally is added to beam-forming device.
7. be used for proofreading and correct the method in the reception of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system, described aerial array comprises a plurality of antenna segment, said method comprising the steps of:
Produce input signal;
Described input signal is injected each antenna segment;
Measurement is by the signal of each antenna segment output;
Form correction signal by relatively injecting signal and described measuring-signal to each antenna segment; And
Adjust described antenna segment with described correction factor.
8. according to the method for reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the phase place of signal received on each antenna segment.
9. according to the method for reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the amplitude of signal received on each antenna segment.
10. according to the method for reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the phase place and the amplitude of signal received on each antenna segment.
11. according to the method for reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein correction factor is added on the signal between beam-forming device and the antenna segment.
12. according to the method for reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 1, wherein correction factor digitally is added to beam-forming device.
13. be used for proofreading and correct the system in the transmission of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system, described aerial array comprises a plurality of antenna segment, described system comprises:
Be used for input signal is input to the device of each antenna segment one next antenna segment;
Be used to measure the signal that sends by each antenna segment and form device the correction factor of each antenna segment from the signal of described measurement; And
Be used for adjusting the device of the output of described antenna segment with described correction factor.
14. according to the system of transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 13, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the phase place of the output of antenna segment.
15. according to the system of transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 13, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the amplitude of the output of antenna segment.
16. according to the system of transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 13, wherein said correction factor is adjusted the phase place and the amplitude of the output of antenna segment.
17. according to the system of transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 13, wherein correction factor is added on the signal between beam-forming device and the antenna segment.
18. according to the system of transmission that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 13, wherein correction factor digitally is added to beam-forming device.
19. be used for proofreading and correct the system in the reception of the employed aerial array of mobile radio communications system, described antenna comprises a plurality of antenna segment, described system comprises:
Be used to produce the device of input signal;
Be used for described input signal is injected the device of each antenna segment;
Be used to measure by the signal of each antenna segment output and by relatively injecting signal and described measuring-signal and form device the correction signal of each antenna segment; And
Be used for adjusting the device of described antenna segment with described correction factor.
20. according to the system of reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 19, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the phase place of signal received on each antenna segment.
21. according to the system of reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 19, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the amplitude of signal received on each antenna segment.
22. according to the system of reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 19, wherein said correction factor is adjusted at the phase place and the amplitude of signal received on each antenna segment.
23. according to the system of reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 19, wherein correction factor is added on the signal between beam-forming device and the antenna segment.
24. according to the system of reception that is used to proofread and correct aerial array of claim 19, wherein correction factor digitally is added to beam-forming device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US25329594A | 1994-06-03 | 1994-06-03 | |
| US08/253,295 | 1994-06-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1150499A CN1150499A (en) | 1997-05-21 |
| CN1078390C true CN1078390C (en) | 2002-01-23 |
Family
ID=22959670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95193418A Expired - Fee Related CN1078390C (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1995-06-01 | Antenna array calibration |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0763266A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10503892A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1078390C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU691295B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9507801A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2190258A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI964654A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9605934A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2147753C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995034103A1 (en) |
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| RU172722U1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский институт радиосвязи" (ФГУП "РНИИРС") | A device for correcting the amplitude-phase distribution of a disclosed annular antenna array |
| CN108736161B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2021-10-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Mobile device and mobile device directional antenna adjusting method |
| CN109495189B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2020-08-28 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Array antenna calibration method and device |
| WO2020064128A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Systems and methods for correction of beam direction due to self-coupling |
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| US5063529A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-11-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method for calibrating a phased array antenna |
| US5248982A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-09-28 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method and apparatus for calibrating phased array receiving antennas |
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| US5027127A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1991-06-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Phase alignment of electronically scanned antenna arrays |
| DE3934155C2 (en) * | 1988-10-13 | 1999-10-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method for measuring an amplitude and a phase of each antenna element of a phase-controlled antenna arrangement and antenna arrangement for performing the method |
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1995
- 1995-06-01 WO PCT/SE1995/000627 patent/WO1995034103A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-06-01 JP JP8500753A patent/JPH10503892A/en active Pending
- 1995-06-01 MX MX9605934A patent/MX9605934A/en unknown
- 1995-06-01 BR BR9507801A patent/BR9507801A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-01 CA CA002190258A patent/CA2190258A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-01 RU RU97100131A patent/RU2147753C1/en active
- 1995-06-01 AU AU25836/95A patent/AU691295B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-06-01 CN CN95193418A patent/CN1078390C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-01 EP EP95920362A patent/EP0763266A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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1996
- 1996-11-21 FI FI964654A patent/FI964654A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5063529A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-11-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method for calibrating a phased array antenna |
| US5248982A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-09-28 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method and apparatus for calibrating phased array receiving antennas |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004059868A1 (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-15 | Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. | A method for calibrating smart antenna array systems in real time |
| CN103140985A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2013-06-05 | 阿尔卡特朗讯 | Antenna array calibration |
| US9113346B2 (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2015-08-18 | Alcatel Lucent | Calibration |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2583695A (en) | 1996-01-04 |
| RU2147753C1 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
| CA2190258A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| FI964654L (en) | 1996-11-21 |
| FI964654A0 (en) | 1996-11-21 |
| CN1150499A (en) | 1997-05-21 |
| AU691295B2 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| WO1995034103A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| MX9605934A (en) | 1997-12-31 |
| EP0763266A1 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
| BR9507801A (en) | 1998-05-26 |
| JPH10503892A (en) | 1998-04-07 |
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