CN107769416A - Rotate electricapparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

One kind rotation electricapparatus, more reliably can be fastened rotor core and drive shaft.Possess：There is axis hole (12a) rotor core (12) at center；Be formed as cylindrical shape, with the outer peripheral face cylinder part (60) chimeric with the axis hole (12a) of rotor core (12)；And it is inserted into the drive shaft (50) of the hollow bulb (60b) of cylinder part (60) (collar).Collar (60) is using the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than rotor core (12) and rotary shaft (50), and inner peripheral surface is formed as taper surface (60a).The taper surface (54a) for contacting as face with the taper surface of collar (60) (60a) and being fitted together to therewith is formd in the periphery of drive shaft (50).

Description

Rotate electricapparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to rotation electricapparatus, more particularly to rotor structure.

Background technology

A kind of known rotation electricapparatus for implementing rotation driving to compression mechanism etc..This rotation electricapparatus possesses peace The rotor of dress on the driving shaft and stator of the configuration in the periphery of the rotor, by making drive shaft rotation implement compression mechanism Rotation driving.As the rotor of the rotation electricapparatus used in high speed electric rotating motivation, there is a kind of rotor to overcome rotation Centrifugal force, sleeve or collar are sandwiched between rotor core and rotary shaft so as to which three is made into press-in fastening structure (with reference to specially Sharp document 1).

Prior art literature

Patent document

Patent document 1：No. 4586531 publications of Japanese invention patent

The content of the invention

Invention technical problems to be solved

However, simple press-in fastening structure possibly when the rotary speed of rotor turns into high speed can not ensure it is enough tight Gu power.And the temperature of rotor can rise in operation process, therefore rotor core can be to radially expanded, and this is also fastening force drop The reason for low.

The present invention is precisely in order to solve the above problems, it is therefore intended that more reliably can be subject to rotor core and drive shaft Fastening.

Technical scheme used by solution technical problem

In order to solve the above problems, the first invention is characterised by possessing：

Rotor core 12, there is axis hole 12a at the center of the rotor core；

Cylinder part 60, the cylinder part 60 are formed as cylindric, and with outer peripheral face and the axis hole of the rotor core 12 12a is fitted together to；And

Drive shaft 50, the drive shaft 50 are inserted into the hollow bulb 60b of the cylinder part 60,

The cylinder part 60 uses the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than the rotor core 12 and the rotary shaft 50, And inner peripheral surface is formed as taper surface 60a,

Formed with taper surface 54a on the periphery of the drive shaft 50, taper surface 54a in a manner of face contacts with it is described The taper surface 60a of cylinder part 60 is fitted together to.

Using this structure, due to being that taper surface 54a, 60a are in contact with each other between drive shaft 50 and cylinder part 60, therefore If drive shaft 50 will be deformed from cylinder part 60, cylinder part 60 is axially forced to and increase its external diameter.Now, The deformation extent of drive shaft 50 is smaller than cylinder part 60, or hardly deforms.Because the side of cylinder part 60 1 uses The tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than drive shaft 50 is formed.Once the enlarged outside diameter of cylinder part 60, the cylinder part 60 Just more firmly fastened with rotor core 12.Because the side of cylinder part 60 1 compares rotor core with tensile modulus of elasticity 12 low materials are formed.

Second invention is on the basis of the rotation electricapparatus of the first invention, it is characterised in that

The external diameter of the cylinder part 60 is bigger than the axis hole 12a of rotor core 12 internal diameter.

Using this structure, the method for press-in or shrink fit can be utilized to be subject to cylinder part 60 and rotor core 12 It is fixed.

3rd invention is on the basis of the rotation electricapparatus of the first invention or the second invention, it is characterised in that

Embedment has permanent magnet 14 in the rotor core 12.

, just can be in the rotation electricapparatus of so-called magnet flush type by drive shaft 50, cylinder part using this structure 60 and rotor core 12 this three firmly fasten.

4th invention is on the basis of the rotation electricapparatus of the 3rd invention, it is characterised in that

The rotor core 12 is by the way that electromagnetic steel plate is laminated to form.

, just can be in the rotor core of stepped construction by drive shaft 50, cylinder part 60 and rotor using this structure 12 this three unshakable in one's determination firmly fasten.

5th invention is on the basis of the rotation electricapparatus of the 4th invention, it is characterised in that

The permanent magnet 14 be by by the drive shaft 50 it is chimeric with the cylinder part 60 when by the cylinder part The rotor core 12 caused by 60 caliber expansion is deformed and is fixed in the rotor core 12.

This structure is to be expanded in so-called magnet flush type rotates electricapparatus by the caliber of cylindrical portion 60 to make forever Magnet 14 is fixed in rotor core 12.

Invention effect

According to the first invention, drive shaft 50, cylinder part 60 and 12 triangular fastening of rotor core are more logical than simple It is more firm to overheat the conventional rotors that press-fit manner is fixed.Thereby, it is possible to requiring the field of rotation electricapparatus high speed rotation The occasion that the temperature of rotor (rotor core 12) easily rises in conjunction or operation process reliably plays the work(of rotation electricapparatus Energy.

According to the second invention, cylinder part 60 and rotor core 12 can be fixed in advance.

According to the 3rd invention, by using the structure of so-called magnet flush type, the heat dissipation characteristics of rotor surface can be improved, Effectively magnet is cooled down from rotor surface, therefore can improve and release energy density.

According to the 4th invention, the vortex on rotor core surface can be reduced.

According to the 5th invention, it is possible to increase the contact between permanent magnet 14 and rotor core 12 improves the cold of permanent magnet 14 But property.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of the structure for the compressor for representing the motor using embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the structure for the motor for representing embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the figure for the structure for illustrating rotor, represents the state before each composition assembling parts.

Fig. 4 is to represent that rotor set installs the sectional view of complete state.

Embodiment

Illustrate embodiments of the present invention referring to the drawings.But, implementation below is preferable examples substantially, Be not intended to the present invention, its be applicable the limitation of thing or its purposes scope.

《The embodiment of invention》

Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of the structure for the compressor 1 for representing the motor 10 using embodiment.Compressor 1 with There is refrigerant circulation and carry out the refrigerant loop connection of kind of refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant to being flowed in the refrigerant loop enters Row compression.Compressor 1 is so-called turbocompressor, as shown in figure 1, possessing motor 10, housing 30 and impeller 40.

Housing 30 is cylindrical container closed at both ends.Space in housing 30 is divided by wall portion 31.In wall portion 31 Impeller 40 is housed in the space on right side, motor 10 is housed in the space in the left side of wall portion 31.In addition, housing 30 in be provided with pair The Bearning mechanism 36 that the rotary shaft 50 of motor 10 is supported.Bearning mechanism 36, which possesses, bottoms out bearing 37,37 and magnetic force axle Hold 38,38.Magnetic bearing 38,38 is using magnetic force and with contactless state supporting rotating shaft 50.Bottom out bearing 37,37 and for example use ball Bearing is formed, the supporting rotating shaft 50 in 38 no power of magnetic bearing.

<The structure of motor>

Motor 10 is used to be driven impeller 40.

Motor 10 is one of the rotation electricapparatus of the present invention.In this embodiment, motor 10 is brush-less Dc motor Machine.More specifically, motor 10 is so-called magnet flush type motor (Interior Permanent MagnetMotor, hereinafter also referred to IPM motor).Motor 10 possesses rotor 11 and stator 21, and is housed in compressor 1 In housing 30.

In present embodiment, so-called axial direction refers to the axis direction of the rotary shaft 50 of rotor 11, so-called radial direction, refer to The orthogonal direction in the axial direction of rotary shaft 50.In addition, so-called outer circumferential side, refers to the side in the axle center away from rotary shaft 50, it is so-called interior The week side of boss, refer to close to the side in the axle center of rotary shaft 50.

<The structure of stator>

Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the structure for the motor 10 for representing embodiment.Stator 21 possesses the stator core of cylindrical shape 22 and coil 20 (in Fig. 2 omit diagram).Stator core 22 is stacked iron core, and it is added by carrying out punching press to electromagnetic steel plate Work produces plywood, then multi-disc plywood is laminated vertically and formed.Stator core 22 possesses back of the body yoke 23, multiple Teeth portion 24,24 ... and multiple flange parts 25,25 ....Back of the body yoke 23 is formed at the peripheral part of stator core 22, and is It is circular.The periphery of back of the body yoke 23 is fixed on the inner surface of housing 30.Teeth portion 24 is formed as the inner circumferential from back of the body yoke 23 The rectangular-shape that face radially extends.Teeth portion 24,24 ... form the coil groove that houses coil 20.In teeth portion 24 On wrapped around coil 20.The coil 20 of winding is housed in coil groove.Thus each teeth portion 24,24 ... above form electromagnetism Body.Flange part 25 is formed continuously in the inner circumferential side of teeth portion 24.The width (length of circumferencial direction) of flange part 25 is than teeth portion 24 Greatly, the face of the inner circumferential side of flange part 25 is formed as barrel surface.The barrel surface of flange part 25 at a certain distance (air gap G) with turn The outer peripheral face (barrel surface) of son 11 is relative each other.

<The structure of rotor)

Fig. 3 is the figure for the structure for illustrating rotor 11, represents the state before each composition assembling parts.Fig. 4 is to represent rotor 11 Assemble the sectional view of the state finished.Rotor 11 possesses rotor core 12, permanent magnet 14, collar 60, rotary shaft 50 and end plate 70。

- rotor core-

Rotor core 12 is stacked iron core, and it is to produce plywood by carrying out punch process to electromagnetic steel plate, then Multi-disc plywood is laminated vertically and formed.In rotor core 12, as shown in figure 3, axis hole 12a has been formed centrally within, For inserting the rotary shaft 50 (drive shaft) being driven to compressor 1.In addition, multiple permanent magnetism are embedded in rotor core 12 Body 14 (reference picture 4).In addition, stator core 22 and rotor core 12 may use mutually different material.For example, it may be possible in the presence of Situations below：Stator core 22 is using the low electromagnetic steel plate of iron loss (the preferably low electromagnetic steel plate of eddy-current loss), rotor core 12 use high-strength magnetic steel sheet.It is less that turbo-compressor as the compressor 1 of present embodiment belongs to production quantity Kind, and the cost ratio unshakable in one's determination of rotor core 12 or stator core 22 shared by whole motor 10 is smaller.So as to that is, Make stator core 22 and different materials be respectively adopted in rotor core 12, and implement punch process to stator core 22 and by internal diameter Side part is washed out, and the influence for cost is also smaller.In addition, though the general iron of high-strength magnetic steel sheet for rotor core 12 Damage characteristic is bad, but because of the iron loss occurred on rotor than small on stator, therefore even if the use of rotor core 12 is high-strength Electromagnetic steel plate is spent, also hardly influences motor efficiency.

- collar-

As shown in figure 3, collar 60 is to form hollow bulb 60b drum.Collar 60 is the cylinder part of the present invention One.The external diameter of collar 60 is identical in the range of whole length, and more slightly larger than the axis hole 12a of rotor core 12 internal diameter. But, the outside dimension of collar 60 is set as to be pressed into collar 60 with less strength the axis hole 12a of rotor core 12.By Both fastening strengths that this press-in is formed intensity required when can be used than rotor 11 is small.

In addition, the inner peripheral surface of collar 60 is the taper surface 60a that internal diameter reduces to the right from Fig. 3 left.Form the collar 60 material is using the tensile modulus of elasticity material all lower than rotor core 12 and rotary shaft 50.

- rotary shaft-

Rotary shaft 50 possesses straight body portion 52, stopper portions 53 and tapered portion 54 (reference picture 3).Rotary shaft 50 for example uses chrome molybdenum Steel is formed.Straight body portion 52 is the part at the both ends of rotary shaft 50, a straight body portion 52 by Bearning mechanism 36 support and with impeller 40 Connection.And another straight body portion 52 is then supported by another Bearning mechanism 36.Stopper portions 53 are the external diameter circles bigger than straight body portion 52 Stylolitic part.

Stopper portions 53 are used to limit the position of end plate 70 in the axial direction.Tapered portion 54 is then to form a left side of the internal diameter from Fig. 3 The part (reference picture 3) for the taper surface 54a that direction right reduces.For the taper surface 54a of tapered portion 54, with can be with collar 60 Taper surface 60a make the mode that face contacts and is fitted together to and define its outside diameter d 1, d2 and cone angle.

- end plate-

End plate 70 is cylinder-like part, and two pieces are set in rotary shaft 50.End plate 70 can prevent from inserting rotor core 12 Permanent magnet 14 afterwards comes off.In addition, by being cut end plate 70 or being added on end plate 70 counterweight, additionally it is possible to which amendment is whole to be turned The imbalance of son.

<The manufacture of rotor>

In order to produce the rotor 11 of present embodiment, first have to rotor core 12 being fixed in collar 60, produce Rotor core 12 with collar 60.Present embodiment is to incite somebody to action the two by being pressed into collar 60 in the axis hole 12a of rotor core 12 It is fixed.It is of course also possible to the two is fixed by other methods, such as shrink fit.

Then one end plate 70 is inserted into the position of the stopper portions 53 of rotary shaft 50.And by the tapered portion of rotary shaft 50 54 insert the hollow bulb 60b of collar 60 from Fig. 3 left, and pressurize vertically so that it to be pressed into.Tapered portion 54 and collar 60 Hollow bulb 60b both sides are in contact with each other (face contact) with taper surface 54a, 60a, therefore by the way that axial press-in, such as Fig. 4 is implemented Shown in middle arrow, collar 60 is set to deform and make its enlarged outside diameter.On the other hand, the deformation extent of rotary shaft 50 is than collar 60 It is small, or hardly deform.Because the side of collar 60 1 is formed with the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than rotary shaft 50.

Once the enlarged outside diameter (caliber expansion) of collar 60, the collar 60 is just more firmly fastened with rotor core 12. Because the side of collar 60 1 is formed with the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than rotor core 12.

Then permanent magnet 14 is inserted into rotor core 12 and covered with end plate 70.Thus the assembling of rotor 11 is completed (reference picture 4).

Permanent magnet 14 is fixed on rotor alternatively, it is also possible to be deformed using rotor core 12 caused by the expansion of the caliber of collar 60 In iron core 12.In such a occasion, such as it is previously inserted in the magnet slot (permanent magnet patchhole) being formed in rotor core 12 Permanent magnet 14, then collar 60 is inserted into (such as press-in) rotor core 12.Then, as long as by the way that rotary shaft 50 is inserted (press-in) Collar 60 expands the caliber of collar 60, and permanent magnet 14 will extrude the outer circumferential side of magnet slot and be fixed.

By so being fixed permanent magnet 14 as the caliber expansion of collar 60 deforms rotor core 12, with regard to energy Improve the contact between permanent magnet 14 and rotor core 12 and improve the cooling of permanent magnet 14.

In addition, be to be pressed into rotary shaft 50 with the structure with taper, therefore rotor core 12 can be uniform in stacked direction Ground deforms.Therefore, permanent magnet 14 will not occur (in process of press in) in the deformation process of rotor core 12 to rupture.In addition, also The fixation of permanent magnet 14 can be completed simultaneously in the integrated process of rotor core 12 and rotary shaft 50.That is, assembling can be simplified Process.

<The effect of present embodiment>

As described above, be to form collar 60 with the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than rotor core 12 and rotary shaft 50, The fastening face of collar 60 and rotary shaft 50 is made into taper surface 54a, 60a simultaneously.Therefore according to present embodiment, rotary shaft 50, Collar 60 and 12 triangular fastening of rotor core are more firm than the conventional rotors fixed by shrink fit mode merely Gu.And rotary shaft 50, collar 60 and 12 triangular fastening strength of rotor core can use the mechanical property of the material of collar 60 (tensile modulus of elasticity) and each taper surface 54a, 60a cone angle is adjusted.

For example, traditional turborefrigerator compressor or Large Copacity (major diameter) motor use more by high-speed driving Surface magnet formula motor (Surface Permanent Magnet Motor, hereinafter also referred to SPM motor), this kind of SPM Motor will typically set enhancing ring in the periphery of magnet.SPM motor strengthen ring due to being provided with periphery, therefore in order to ensure Strengthen ring and magnet sufficiently fastening amount, have plenty of and be pressed into rotary shaft, so that rotor core of the configuration in magnet inner diameter side is sent out Change shape.In addition, some SPM motor make the magnet of rotor surface expand laterally to be kept with enhancing ring, make simultaneously Rotary shaft, rotor core, magnet and enhancing annular are integrally formed.This structure has plenty of in rotary shaft and rotor core respectively Tapered portion is set, to realize axially uniform fastening amount in press-in.

However, in the occasion of IPM motor as the present embodiment, rotor core often uses the stacking knot of steel plate Structure, the insert port of ordinary circumstance Shaft is same internal diameter.Therefore, it is impossible to the rotary shaft insert port in rotor core sets cone Shape structure, if rotary shaft merely is pressed into rotor core, just it is difficult to obtain uniform fastening amount in the axial direction.

And present embodiment is that tensile modulus of elasticity is set between rotary shaft 50 and rotor core 12 than rotor core 12 And the collar 60 that rotary shaft 50 is also low, and the inner surface of collar 60 and rotary shaft periphery are made into taper, therefore can press It is fashionable to obtain uniform fastening amount vertically.

In addition, when the structure of rotor core uses the stepped construction of steel plate, if used in the process of steel plate Punch process, punch process may result in turned-down edge or burr occurs, and easily make the aperture surface in the hole of insertion rotary shaft coarse.It is another Aspect, rotary shaft is typically using high intensity materials such as chrome-molybdenum steel, if rotor core directly fastened with rotary shaft, because of both sides Deformation it is small and be difficult to ensure that inlay resultant force.Result is that the exposure level of the two is low, hardly results in enough fastening forces.

However, tensile modulus of elasticity ratio is once set between rotor core 12 and rotary shaft 50 as in the present embodiment Their low collars 60, then collar 60 itself can deform, triangular order of contact is improved, so as to realize three Sufficiently fastened between person.If order of contact is improved, moreover it is possible to improves the thermal conduction characteristic between rotary shaft 50 and rotor core 12, energy Caused heat on rotor 11 is enough set effectively to be transmitted to the side of rotary shaft 50.That is, can be rotated at a high speed requiring motor 10 Occasion or operation process in the occasion that easily rises of temperature of rotor reliably play the function of motor.

In addition, present embodiment is to form rotor core by the stacking of steel plate, therefore rotor core table can be reduced The vortex in face.

《Other embodiment》

In addition, rotor core 12 can also be formed with so-called dust core.

And the structure of rotor 11 is not limited to motor 10, applies also for generator.

In addition, the mounting structure of permanent magnet 14 is example.What end plate 70 nor is it necessary that.

And the processing method for forming the electromagnetic steel plate of rotor core 12 and stator core 22 is not limited to punch process.Such as Also wire cutting or Laser Processing can be used.

In addition, the fastening structure of rotary shaft 50, collar 60 and rotor core 12 can be additionally used in SPM motor.SPM electricity Motivation is also to form rotor core after both electromagnetic steel plate can be laminated, and can also be formed with dust core.

And when using IPM motor, there is the following benefit different from SPM motor.

For example, SPM motor will strengthen ring in the periphery of magnet using the tubular of metal sometimes, can so strengthen in tubular The surface eddy generation loss of ring.If ring is strengthened using CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) tubular, although will not occur Vortex, but defined thickness is needed in order to ensure being able to take the intensity of centrifugal force, magnetic air gap can be increased.Once magnetic Air gap increases, and may produce baneful influence to the performance of motor.

And IPM motor are then (such as heat-resisting resistance to CFRP, SUS (stainless steel), nickel chromium iron without the enhancing ring of these peripheries Alloy etc. is lost to form), magnetic air gap can be reduced.Therefore, compared with SPM motor, IPM motor can be with less magnet Amount realizes same performance.

In addition, the CFRP enhancing ring thermal conduction characteristics used in SPM motor are bad, and CFRP has temperature limiting (one As be 100 DEG C or so), therefore releasing for motor can not be improved can density.However, by using IPM motor, it can improve and turn The heat dissipation characteristics in sublist face, effectively cooled down from rotor surface by magnet, therefore can improve and release energy density.

As described above, by using above-mentioned fastening structure, as example hundreds of kW outputs, tens thousand of rpm turbo-compressor , can with motor or turbogenerator with generator (including motor and generator with rotation this title of electricapparatus) Realize IPM motor or IPM generators (magnet flush type generator), at the same time, the electric rotating mechanism of qi with surface magnet formula Tool is compared, and can realize that height releases energy density with less magnet amount by using the rotation electricapparatus of magnet flush type.

Industrial utilizability

The present invention is applied to the rotor structure of rotation electricapparatus (such as motor or generator).

Symbol description

10 motor (rotation electricapparatus)

12 rotor cores

12a axis holes

14 permanent magnets

50 rotary shafts

50 rotary shafts (drive shaft)

54a taper surfaces

60 collars (cylinder part)

60a taper surfaces

60b hollow bulbs

70 end plates.

Claims (5)

1. one kind rotation electricapparatus, it is characterised in that possess：Rotor core (12), there is axis hole at the center of the rotor core (12a)；Cylinder part (60), the cylinder part (60) are formed as cylindric, and with outer peripheral face and the rotor core (12) Axis hole (12a) is chimeric；And drive shaft (50), the drive shaft (50) are inserted into the hollow bulb (60b) of the cylinder part (60), The cylinder part (60) uses the tensile modulus of elasticity material lower than the rotor core (12) and the rotary shaft (50), and And inner peripheral surface is formed as taper surface (60a), formed with taper surface (54a), the taper surface on the periphery of the drive shaft (50) (54a) is chimeric with the taper surface (60a) of the cylinder part (60) in a manner of face contacts.

2. rotation electricapparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the external diameter of the cylinder part (60) is than rotor iron The internal diameter of the axis hole (12a) of the heart (12) is big.

3. rotation electricapparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that embedment has in the rotor core (12) Permanent magnet (14).

4. rotation electricapparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the rotor core (12) is by by electromagnetic steel What plate was laminated and formed.

5. rotation electricapparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet (14) is by by the driving The rotor core as caused by the caliber expansion of the cylinder part (60) when axle (50) is chimeric with the cylinder part (60) (12) deform and be fixed in the rotor core (12).