CN107731934A - A kind of optical-electrical converter and its conversion method - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a photoelectric converter and a conversion method thereof, wherein the photoelectric converter includes: a cathode substrate, an anode substrate and a vertical carbon nanotube film; wherein each carbon on the vertical carbon nanotube film The nanotubes are vertically connected to the cathode substrate and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in parallel; the upright carbon nanotube film is used to absorb the energy of incident light beams of different wavelengths, and excite negative charges under the action of the incident light beams; The anode substrate is used to receive the negative charges excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and form a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate; the cathode substrate is used to receive the excitation of the vertical carbon nanotube film The positive charges left after the negative charges are discharged form a positive potential on the surface opposite to the anode substrate. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention can improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion.

Description

A photoelectric converter and conversion method thereof

technical field

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of photoelectric energy conversion, and in particular to a photoelectric converter and a conversion method thereof.

Background technique

With the development of society, human beings' demand for energy continues to grow, while the depletion of traditional resources and the environmental problems caused by it are becoming more and more serious, making the search for sustainable clean energy an important issue in the current global development. The solar energy in nature is one of the effective ways to solve the energy problems faced by the current human development.

In the prior art, there are mainly the following two technologies for photoelectric conversion of solar energy:

Option 1, in the process of photovoltaic power generation, it mainly uses the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. To the electric field, when the energy of the incident sunlight is greater than the energy band gap of the battery material, the valence band electrons in the battery material absorb energy and undergo a transition, so that holes appear in the valence band, and the photogenerated electrons and holes are built into the electric field. Reverse movement to the N region and the P region respectively, causing a potential difference at both ends, thereby generating electron-hole pairs, but electrons and holes are prone to recombination in a short period of time, thus greatly restricting the light energy. conversion efficiency into electricity.

Option two, in the photothermal power generation technology, mainly uses the concentrating system to collect solar energy into the internal heat transfer medium, uses high-temperature steam to drive the steam turbine unit to generate electricity, or uses the thermoelectromotive force effect to obtain electric energy. Due to the need to transmit solar energy into the heat transfer medium, part of the light energy is reduced, thereby reducing the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy.

Yet existing technical scheme has following deficiency:

(1) The PN junction prepared by Scheme 1 has the problem of recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes during the power generation process, which reduces the efficiency of photoelectric conversion.

(2), Option 2 In the process of photothermal power generation, it is necessary to transfer heat to the heat transfer medium to reduce the efficiency of photoelectric conversion.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a photoelectric converter and a conversion method thereof, which can improve photoelectric conversion efficiency.

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photoelectric converter, which includes: a cathode substrate, an anode substrate, and a vertical carbon nanotube film; wherein, each carbon nanotube on the vertical carbon nanotube film vertically connected to the cathode substrate and arranged in parallel between each carbon nanotube;

The vertical carbon nanotube film is used to absorb the energy of incident light beams of different wavelengths, and excite negative charges under the action of the incident light beams;

The anode substrate is used to receive the negative charge excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and form a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate;

The cathode substrate is used to receive the positive charges left after the negative charges are excited from the vertical carbon nanotube film, and form a positive potential on the surface opposite to the anode substrate.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a photoelectric conversion method, the method comprising:

The vertical carbon nanotube film absorbs the energy of incident light beams of different wavelengths, and excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beams;

The anode substrate receives the negative charge excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and forms a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate;

The cathode substrate receives the positive charge left after the negative charge is excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and forms a positive potential on the surface opposite to the anode substrate; wherein, each of the vertical carbon nanotube films The carbon nanotubes are vertically connected to the cathode substrate and each carbon nanotube is arranged in parallel.

The embodiment of the present invention can absorb the incident light beam efficiently by using the upright carbon nanotube film. Due to the high density of the prepared carbon nanotubes, it is easier to be heated to a high temperature to emit negative charges. After receiving the negative charges, the anode substrate and the cathode A potential difference is generated between the substrates to drive the load and realize the conversion process of photoelectric energy; the process of electron excitation only involves the emission of negative charges, and the positive charges are transferred to the cathode substrate, and no positive and negative charges are generated during the emission of negative charges. Problems such as charge recombination and carrier balance, and in the process of photoelectric conversion, avoid light energy from being transmitted to the heat medium, so that the efficiency of photoelectric conversion is improved.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical connection of carbon nanotubes and cathode substrates provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a photoelectric conversion method provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings but not all structures.

Embodiment one

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the photoelectric converter provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the situation of photoelectric conversion in a vacuum environment or a non-vacuum environment. The vacuum environment includes a vacuum chamber and outer space, where the anode If the distance between the substrate and the carbon nanotubes is less than 100 nm and there is no short circuit, the vacuum chamber may not be provided (no vacuum). The photoelectric conversion can be the energy of natural light (sunlight), or it can be converted into a laser beam with high energy density.

As shown in Figure 1, the concrete structure of this photoelectric converter comprises as follows: cathode substrate 1, anode substrate 3 and upright carbon nanotube film; Wherein, each carbon nanotube 2 on the upright carbon nanotube film is vertically connected with cathode substrate 1 And each carbon nanotube 2 is arranged in parallel; the upright carbon nanotube film is used to absorb the energy of incident light beams of different wavelengths, and excites negative charges 4 under the action of the incident light beam, and the carbon nanotubes 2 have a light intensity similar to that of a black body. Absorption characteristics, it is the material with the highest light absorption rate at present; the dense carbon nanotubes 2 prepared on the cathode substrate 1 can easily absorb heat and heat up to 1000 ° C, to realize the excitation of negative charges 4 (electrons), on the surface of the carbon nanotubes 2 or Positive charges (holes) are formed inside; the anode substrate 3 is used to receive the negative charges 4 excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and forms a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate 1; the cathode substrate 1 is used to receive the vertical carbon nanotubes. The positive charge left after the negative charge is excited by the tube film forms a positive potential on the surface opposite to the anode substrate 3, so that a potential difference of positive potential and negative potential is formed between the cathode substrate 1 and the anode substrate 3, and the formed potential difference can drive the load 5 jobs.

The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention can absorb incident light with high efficiency by utilizing the light absorption characteristics of carbon nanotubes close to black bodies. Since the prepared upright carbon nanotube film has a high density, it is easy to be heated to high temperature to realize electronic When the anode substrate receives negative charges, a potential difference is generated between the cathode substrate and a current is formed, thereby driving the load to work and realizing the conversion of photoelectric energy; the process of electron excitation only involves the emission of negative charges to the anode substrate, without positive charges Participation can solve the problems of positive and negative charge recombination and carrier balance in the power generation process of traditional PN junction cells; and in the process of photoelectric conversion, it avoids the transmission of heat from light energy to the heat transfer medium, and the above processes improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion; At the same time, the photoelectric converter and the conversion method have high environmental adaptability.

Among them, the process of photoelectric conversion occurs in a vacuum environment. The required vacuum environment is to exclude gas molecules in the air from blocking the negative charge (electron) emission process. The vacuum environment includes setting a vacuum cavity and an outer space environment. The vacuum cavity can be glass package, metal package, ceramic package or a composite package structure of the above materials, wherein a high-transparency optical window is opened at an appropriate position of the vacuum cavity, which can ensure low-loss transmission of the incident beam, and the optical window material can be Choose glass, quartz, sapphire and diamond, etc. At the same time, the vacuum chamber can add an appropriate amount of getter to maintain a high vacuum inside.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical connection of carbon nanotubes and cathode substrates provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, carbon nanotubes 2 can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition, arc discharge or microwave plasma. The shape of the grown carbon nanotubes 2 includes patterns such as rectangle, circle, ellipse or array. Optionally, metal molybdenum is used as the growth substrate of the carbon nanotubes 2, wherein the growth substrate can be used as the cathode substrate 1 of the photoelectric converter, and the molybdenum sheet is pretreated, and the carbon nanotubes are deposited on the surface of the molybdenum sheet by electron beam evaporation technology Growth catalysts, vertical carbon nanotubes are grown by chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) 2 . After putting the growth substrate deposited with the carbon nanotube growth catalyst into the growth equipment, first feed 200-700 sccm of hydrogen as a reducing gas, then rapidly heat up the growth equipment to 500-750 °C, and then feed 20-100 sccm of acetylene The growth time is maintained for 10-30 minutes after the gas is released, and the growth equipment is cooled to obtain carbon nanotubes 2 vertically grown on the surface of the metal molybdenum substrate, wherein the diameter of the carbon nanotubes 2 is 0.1-50 nm.

Optionally, the anode substrate includes: planar transparent anode substrate, perforated transparent anode substrate, planar opaque anode substrate or perforated opaque anode substrate; the cathode substrate includes: planar transparent cathode substrate or planar opaque cathode substrate.

Among them, the selected anode substrate and cathode substrate all have good conductivity. According to the structural requirements of the device, the anode substrate and the cathode substrate can be made into transparent substrates (materials can be ITO, graphene or metal grids, etc.), or It can be an opaque metal substrate (materials can be copper, silver, molybdenum, carbon cloth, stainless steel, etc.) or an opaque heavily doped silicon substrate. The shape of the cathode substrate is a planar structure, and the shape of the anode substrate can be a planar structure or in order to meet the needs of beam transmission, the planar anode substrate is opened in-plane to form a perforated anode substrate. Finally, the anode substrate includes: planar transparent anode substrate, perforated transparent anode substrate, planar opaque anode substrate or perforated opaque anode substrate; the cathode substrate includes: planar transparent cathode substrate or planar opaque cathode substrate.

Embodiment two

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1. Specifically, the photoelectric converter according to the embodiment of the present invention also includes: vertical carbon nanotube film absorbing passing light The incident light beam formed by the converging system excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beam; wherein, the incident light beam passes through the planar transparent cathode substrate.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in the vacuum chamber of the ground environment, the natural light gathered by the light concentrating system can pass through the planar transparent cathode substrate and irradiate the surface or inside of the carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes will emit stable negative charges and be absorbed by the carbon nanotubes. The positive charge on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotubes is received by the anode substrate and transferred to the cathode substrate, avoiding the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate, which improves the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, and can also be used for Harvesting solar energy from the ground.

As shown in Figure 3, the photoelectric converter provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for collecting solar light energy on the ground. The nanotube 2 forms the incident beam 9 through the light beam radiated by the radiation source 8 (sun) through the light converging system 7, and the incident beam 9 passes through the transparent cathode substrate 1 and irradiates the surface of the carbon nanotube 2 growing upright, so that the carbon nanotube 2 A local high-temperature area appears on the surface or inside, and the local high-temperature area can be located at the center or edge of the carbon nanotube 2. After the temperature of the local high-temperature area exceeds 600°C, the carbon nanotube 2 will have a stable negative charge 4 (Electron) emission, so that a potential difference is generated between the anode substrate 3 and the cathode substrate 1 after receiving the emitted negative charges (electrons), so as to drive the load 5 to work and realize the process of photoelectric conversion.

Embodiment three

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the photoelectric converter provided by the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, natural light (sunlight) is photoelectrically converted. Optimizing on the basis of Embodiment 1, specifically, the photoelectric converter of the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the vertical carbon nanotube film absorbs the incident light beam formed after being converged by the light converging system, and excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beam ; Wherein, the incident light beam passes through the opening of the opaque anode substrate.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in the environment of outer space, the sunlight collected by the light concentrating system passes through the open-hole opaque anode substrate and irradiates the surface or interior of the carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes will emit stable negative charges and be received by the anode substrate. The positive charges formed on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotubes are transferred to the cathode substrate, avoiding the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the photoelectric converter provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for absorbing and converting energy from sunlight or other radiation sources in outer space. In this embodiment, the incident light beam 9 formed after the radiation light from the radiation source 8 (sunlight) is converged by the light converging system 7 can pass through the opening of the opaque anode substrate 3 and focus on the carbon nanotube The local area of 2 forms a local high-temperature area, wherein the local high-temperature area can be located at the center or edge of a plurality of carbon nanotubes 2, so that the carbon nanotubes 2 receive light energy and make the local area heat up. After exceeding 600 ° C, The carbon nanotubes 2 will emit stable negative charges 4 (electrons) and be received by the anode substrate 3, so that the positive charges formed on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotubes 2 are transferred to the cathode substrate 1, so that a potential difference is generated between the anode substrate 3 and the cathode substrate 1, Further, the photoelectric conversion process is verified by driving the load 5 .

Embodiment four

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the photoelectric converter provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention; it is optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1, specifically, the photoelectric converter of the embodiment of the present invention also includes: vertical carbon nanotube film receiving and emitting devices The generated incident light beam excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beam; wherein, the incident light beam passes through the opening of the perforated opaque anode substrate.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the incident light beam generated from the light-emitting device passes through the opening of the opaque anode substrate to radiate on the surface and inside of the carbon nanotube, so that the carbon nanotube excites negative charges to the anode substrate, so that the carbon nanotube The positive charges formed on the surface or inside of the nanotubes are transferred to the cathode substrate to avoid the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate, which improves the efficiency of photoelectric conversion. At the same time, this structure can also be used in the field of photodetection.

As shown in Figure 5, the photoelectric converter provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for converting laser beams or particle beams with high energy density. Radiation to the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2 forms a local high-temperature zone, wherein the local high-temperature zone can be located at the center or edge of a plurality of carbon nanotubes 2. Since the carbon nanotube 2 is similar to the light absorption characteristics of a black body, it is very easy to Heating itself to a very high temperature has a very high photothermal conversion efficiency, thereby exciting negative charges 4 (electrons), which are received by the anode substrate 3 to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. The selected open-hole opaque anode substrate 3 can allow the incident light beam 9 to pass through while ensuring the collection of electrons. In addition, this structure is not only used for photoelectric conversion of high-energy laser beams, but also can be used for laser energy transmission and laser signal transmission. and laser detection and other optoelectronic fields.

There are two situations where there is no need to set up a vacuum chamber: first, when the distance between the anode substrate and the carbon nanotube is less than 100nm and there is no short circuit; second, when the photoelectric converter works in the vacuum environment of outer space, A vacuum cavity may not be provided.

Embodiment five

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a photoelectric conversion method provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention also provides a photoelectric conversion method, and the specific steps include:

S610, the upright carbon nanotube film absorbs the energy of incident light beams of different wavelengths, and excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beams.

The first choice is to prepare vertical carbon nanotubes vertically connected to the growth substrate on the growth substrate. The growth substrate can be the cathode substrate of the photoelectric converter. The prepared high-density vertical carbon nanotubes have abundant nano-gap and extremely low mass density. After absorbing the incident light beam, it is easily heated to above 1000°C, excites negative charges (electrons) and generates positive charges (holes) for transport. The incident light beam can be concentrated sunlight or high-energy laser beam, etc.

S620, the anode substrate receives the negative charges excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and forms a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate.

The anode substrate can receive the negative charges (electrons) excited by each carbon nanotube, and form a negative potential on the surface opposite to the cathode substrate to generate a potential difference between it and the cathode substrate.

The anode substrate can be a planar transparent anode substrate, a perforated transparent anode substrate, a planar opaque anode substrate or a perforated opaque anode substrate. The shape of the anode substrate is different, and the role of the different light transmittance is not the same.

S630, the cathode substrate receives the positive charge left after the negative charge is excited by the vertical carbon nanotube film, and forms a positive potential on the surface opposite to the anode substrate; wherein, each carbon nanotube on the vertical carbon nanotube film is vertically connected to the cathode substrate And the carbon nanotubes are arranged in parallel.

When the carbon nanotubes excite negative charges (electrons), positive charges (holes) will be formed and transported along the carbon nanotubes to the cathode substrate, forming a positive potential on the opposite surface of the anode substrate, thus forming a positive charge (hole) between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate. Potential difference, so that the load can be driven to verify the photoelectric conversion process. Among them, the photoelectric conversion method is usually a process based on materials emitting thermal electrons at high temperatures (including solar cells), when the energy of the incident photons is greater than the work function of carbon nanotubes (about 4.5eV), electrons are emitted. In order to make a local high-temperature region appear on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube, it is necessary to irradiate the incident light beam so that the local temperature exceeds 600°C to ensure that the carbon nanotube emits stable electrons.

Wherein, the cathode substrate includes a planar transparent cathode substrate or a planar opaque cathode substrate. The carbon nanotube film includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes, each carbon nanotube is vertically connected to the cathode substrate, and each carbon nanotube is arranged in parallel, which indicates that the prepared carbon nanotubes are vertically arranged in parallel. Carbon nanotubes are an excellent electron emission material, and also the material closest to a black body. They have excellent broad-spectrum absorption characteristics and are widely used in the field of optoelectronics.

The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention can absorb light with high efficiency by utilizing the light absorption characteristics of carbon nanotubes close to black bodies. Since the prepared upright carbon nanotubes have extremely low mass density, they are easier to be heated to high temperatures to achieve negative For the emission of charges, a potential difference is generated between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate after receiving negative charges to form a current, thereby driving the load to work and realizing the conversion process of photoelectric energy; the process of electron excitation only involves the emission of negative charges, no positive charges Participation can solve the problems of positive and negative charge recombination and carrier balance in the traditional PN junction battery power generation process, and in the photoelectric conversion process, avoid light energy from transferring heat to the heat transfer medium. The above processes are conducive to improving the efficiency of photoelectric conversion.

Optionally, the vertical carbon nanotube film absorbs the incident light beam formed by the light converging system, and excites negative charges under the action of the incident light beam; wherein, the incident light beam passes through the planar transparent cathode substrate.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 3 exemplarily, the sunlight condensed by the light converging system 7 forms an incident beam 9, and penetrates from the planar transparent cathode substrate 1 to the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2, and the carbon nanotube 2 emits a stable The negative charges 4 (electrons) are received by the anode substrate 3, so that positive charges are formed on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2 and transferred to the cathode substrate 1, avoiding the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate 3 and the cathode substrate 1 , improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, and can also be used to collect solar energy on the ground.

Optionally, the erected carbon nanotube film absorbs the incident beam formed by the light converging system, and excites negative charges under the action of the incident beam; wherein, the incident beam passes through the opening of the opaque anode substrate.

Exemplarily continue to refer to FIG. 4 , the sunlight condensed by the light concentrating system 7 forms an incident light beam 9, and passes through the perforated opaque anode substrate 3 to irradiate the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2, and the carbon nanotube 2 emits a stable The negative charges 4 (electrons) are received by the anode substrate 3, so that positive charges are formed on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2 and transferred to the cathode substrate 1, avoiding the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate 3 and the cathode substrate 1 , improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Optionally, the vertical carbon nanotube film receives incident light beams generated by the light-emitting device, and negative charges are excited under the action of the incident light beams; wherein the incident light beams pass through the openings of the opaque anode substrate with holes.

Exemplarily continue to refer to FIG. 5 , the incident light beam 9 generated by the light-emitting device passes through the opening of the opaque anode substrate 3 to radiate on the surface and inside of the carbon nanotube 2, so that the carbon nanotube 2 excites a negative Charge 4 (electrons) to the anode substrate 3, so that positive charges are formed on the surface or inside of the carbon nanotube 2 and transferred to the cathode substrate 1, avoiding the recombination of positive and negative charges, so that a current is formed between the anode substrate 3 and the cathode substrate 1, improving the The efficiency of photoelectric conversion is high, and the structure can also be used in the field of photodetection.

Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention The scope is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of 1. optical-electrical converter, it is characterised in that including：Cathode base, anode grid substrate and Aligned carbon nanotubes film；Its In, each CNT on the Aligned carbon nanotubes film and the cathode base vertical connection and each CNT it Between parallel arrangement；

   Aligned carbon nanotubes film, the energy of the incident beam for absorbing different wave length, in the presence of the incident beam Inspire negative electrical charge；

   The anode grid substrate, the negative electrical charge inspired for receiving the Aligned carbon nanotubes film, with the negative electrode The relative surface of substrate forms negative potential；

   The cathode base, the positive charge left after the negative electrical charge is inspired for receiving the Aligned carbon nanotubes film, Positive potential is formed on the surface relative with the anode grid substrate.
2. 2. optical-electrical converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anode grid substrate includes：Planar transparent anode Substrate, perforate transparent anode substrate, the opaque anode grid substrate of planar or the opaque anode grid substrate of perforate；The cathode base bag Include：Planar transparent cathode substrate or the opaque cathode base of planar.
3. 3. optical-electrical converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film absorption passes through light The incident beam formed after the convergence of line collecting system, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Its In, the incident beam passes through from the planar transparent cathode substrate.
4. 4. optical-electrical converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film absorption passes through light The incident beam formed after the convergence of line collecting system, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Its In, the incident beam passes through from the tapping of the opaque anode grid substrate of the perforate.
5. 5. optical-electrical converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film receives photophore The incident beam caused by part, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Wherein, the incident beam Passed through from the tapping of the opaque anode grid substrate of the perforate.
6. A kind of 6. opto-electronic conversion method, it is characterised in that including：

   The energy of the incident beam of Aligned carbon nanotubes film absorption different wave length, is inspired in the presence of the incident beam Negative electrical charge；

   Anode grid substrate receives the negative electrical charge that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film inspires, on the surface relative with cathode base Form negative potential；

   The cathode base receives the Aligned carbon nanotubes film and inspires the positive charge left after the negative electrical charge, with institute State the relative surface of anode grid substrate and form positive potential；Wherein, each CNT on the Aligned carbon nanotubes film and institute State parallel arrangement between cathode base vertical connection and each CNT.
7. 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the anode grid substrate includes：Planar transparent anode substrate, open Hole transparent anode substrate, the opaque anode grid substrate of planar or the opaque anode grid substrate of perforate；The cathode base includes：Planar Transparent cathode substrate or the opaque cathode base of planar.
8. 8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film absorption passes through light collection The incident beam formed after system convergence, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Wherein, it is described Incident beam passes through from the planar transparent cathode substrate.
9. 9. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film absorption passes through light collection The incident beam formed after system convergence, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Wherein, it is described Incident beam passes through from the tapping of the opaque anode grid substrate of the perforate.
10. 10. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the Aligned carbon nanotubes film receives luminescent device production The raw incident beam, inspires the negative electrical charge in the presence of the incident beam；Wherein, the incident beam is from institute The tapping for stating the opaque anode grid substrate of perforate passes through.