CN107728401A - Controllable liquid crystal lens of a kind of pitch and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and a manufacturing method thereof. The lens includes a first control layer, a second control layer, a liquid crystal layer and a control module; the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the first control layer , between the second control layers; one output of the control module is connected to the first control layer, and the other output of the control module is connected to the second control layer; the first control layer includes a first transparent substrate, a first driving electrode, A first insulating layer, a second driving electrode, a first alignment layer, and a first high impedance layer; the second control layer includes a second transparent substrate, a third common electrode, and a second high impedance layer and a second alignment layer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing process of the liquid crystal lens is simple, and not only the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted, but also the pitch of the liquid crystal lens can be controlled to achieve Dynamic LCD lens effect.

Description

A liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and its preparation method

technical field

The invention relates to a liquid crystal lens, in particular to a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Two-dimensional (Two-dimension, 2D) image information can bring people clear and colorful 2D visual effects, but the real world in which people live is three-dimensional (There-dimension, 3D), and two-dimensional images cannot provide real The depth information or disparity image information of the world cannot meet the needs of human society. Recreating the real three-dimensional world is the dream of human beings, and it is also the goal pursued by scientific and technological researchers. 3D images can reproduce depth information or parallax image information, which is in line with the human visual habit of observing the objective world. With the continuous development of 3D image information acquisition and display technology, people's reproduction of depth image information or the real world is bound to require 3D image information to replace 2D image information to restore or reproduce the real world. People place optical splitting devices in front of sensors or display screens, and 3D image information can be reproduced without vision aids. It can be widely used in entertainment, medical, military, education and business fields. In recent years, with the development of optical spectroscopic devices and image processing technology, people use cylindrical lens gratings or microlens arrays to obtain different 3D depth information or display parallax images, which have received extensive attention due to their simple structure and improved reproducibility. The liquid crystal lens array can realize 2D/3D switching, is compatible with liquid crystal display technology, and occupies an important place in the field of microscope and stereoscopic display technology.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing liquid crystal lens. The structure includes a first control layer 10 , a second control layer 20 , spacers 30 for sealing the liquid crystal layer 40 between the first alignment layer 103 and the second alignment layer 203 , and a control module 50 . The control module 50 directly applies different voltages to the common electrode 203 and the drive electrode 103 to control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules 40 to form a liquid crystal lens with an adjustable focal length. The structure of the liquid crystal lens is simple, the focal length can be adjusted under the applied voltage, and the focus plane can be moved by moving the position of the driving electrode; however, the electric field distribution inside the driving electrode of the liquid crystal lens is not uniform, and the driving voltage of the device is high; Because there is a gap between the driving electrodes of the lens, the lens pitch cannot be moved and switched at equal intervals.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and a manufacturing method thereof. The pitch of the liquid crystal lens can be switched seamlessly at equal intervals to achieve the effect of a dynamic liquid crystal lens, thereby realizing the acquisition of different parallax images or depth information.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch, which includes a first control layer, a second control layer, a liquid crystal layer and a control module; the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the first control layer, Between the second control layers; one output of the control module is connected to the first control layer, and the other output of the control module is connected to the second control layer; the first control layer includes a first transparent substrate, a first driving electrode, a The first insulating layer, a second driving electrode, a first alignment layer and a first high resistance layer; the second control layer includes a second transparent substrate, a third common electrode, a second high resistance layer and a second alignment layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first driving electrodes are arranged in a staggered parallel manner on the lower surface of the first transparent substrate; the first insulating layer is disposed on the lower surface of the first driving electrodes; the second The driving electrodes are arranged on the lower surface of the first insulating layer at equal intervals in parallel and alternately, and the second driving electrodes are arranged in parallel and interlaced with the first driving electrodes; The gap center points of the electrodes coincide, the width of the second driving electrode is equal to the gap width of two adjacent first driving electrodes, and the gap width of two adjacent second driving electrodes is equal to the width of the first driving electrode ; The first high-impedance layer is disposed on the lower surface of the second driving electrode; the first alignment layer is disposed on the lower surface of the first high-impedance layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the third common electrode is a surface electrode and is disposed on the upper surface of the second transparent substrate; the second high-impedance layer is disposed on the upper surface of the third common electrode; the second The alignment layer is disposed on the upper surface of the second high resistance layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is parallel to the first driving electrode direction or the second driving electrode direction; the alignment direction of the second alignment layer is parallel to the first alignment direction The orientation of the layers is antiparallel.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the control module controls several first driving electrodes and third common electrodes; the control module applies a voltage between several first driving electrodes and the third common electrodes to form a node A distance from the liquid crystal lens of P=2KW, wherein K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and W is the width of the driving electrode; the control module moves the width of N first driving electrodes, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1 , forming a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+N)W, thereby realizing a liquid crystal lens with a controllable pitch.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the control module controls several second driving electrodes and the third common electrodes, and applies a voltage between the several second driving electrodes and the third common electrodes to form a grid with a pitch of P=2KW. A liquid crystal lens, wherein K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and W is the width of the driving electrode; the control module moves the width of N first driving electrodes, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, forming a pitch of P=(2K+N)W liquid crystal lens, so as to realize the liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the control module controls a plurality of first driving electrodes and the third common electrodes or controls a plurality of second driving electrodes and the third common electrodes. A voltage is applied between the third common electrodes or between the second driving electrodes and the third common electrodes to form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch P=(2K+1)W, where K is a natural number and W is the width of the driving electrodes; the control By moving the width of N first driving electrodes or second driving electrodes, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, the module forms a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+N+1)W, so as to realize adjustable pitch Controlled LCD lens.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a sealing frame is also included, which is arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and is used to seal the liquid crystal layer between the first alignment layer and the second transparent substrate. Between the two orientation layers.

In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a base material, which is arranged between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, and is used to ensure that the distance between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is a predetermined distance .

The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the aforementioned liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch, which includes the following steps:

S1: The production of the first control layer, which specifically includes the following steps:

S11: Provide a transparent conductive glass, perform scribing, cleaning, and drying on the glass, and use photolithography technology to manufacture the first driving electrode;

S12: Depositing a transparent insulating layer with a thickness of 30-240 nm on the surface of the clean first driving electrode by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation;

S13: On the surface of the transparent insulating layer, deposit a layer of transparent conductive film with a thickness of 50-300 nanometers by using magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation technology, and use photolithography technology to make the second driving electrode;

S14: Depositing a high-impedance layer with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers on the surface of the clean second driving electrode by using magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation technology;

S15: Make a layer of transparent material on the surface of the clean high-impedance layer by spin coating, printing or inkjet printing technology, and form an alignment layer film after high-temperature baking, and place the alignment layer film along the direction of the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode Rubbing alignment to form a first alignment layer;

S2: making the second control layer, which specifically includes the following steps:

S21: providing a transparent conductive glass, scribing, cleaning and drying the glass, and making a third common electrode by photolithography;

S22: On the surface of the clean third common electrode, deposit a high-impedance layer with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers by using magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation technology;

S23: Make a layer of transparent material on the surface of the clean high-impedance layer by spin coating, printing or inkjet printing technology, form an alignment layer film after high-temperature roasting, rub the alignment layer film along the opposite direction of the first alignment layer, and form second alignment layer;

S3: liquid crystal lens is made, and it specifically comprises the following steps:

S31: using powder spraying equipment on the surface of the clean second control layer to make a transparent spacer with a thickness of 4-100 microns and a density of 50-200/mm ² , the spacer is round or square;

S32: Use printing or inkjet printing technology to coat the frame sealant around the clean first control layer; the thickness of the frame sealant is greater than the thickness of the spacer;

S33: reversely align the first control layer and the second control layer according to the alignment layer, and melt the sealing glue to form a sealing glue frame after passing through 200°C;

S34: Use the crystal filling equipment to pour liquid crystal molecules into the liquid crystal cell along the sealing opening, and seal the filling opening with UV glue to form a liquid crystal lens.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing process of the liquid crystal lens is simple, and not only the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted, but also the pitch of the liquid crystal lens can be controlled to achieve Dynamic LCD lens effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the existing liquid crystal lens.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the specific steps of the method for manufacturing the first control layer of the pitch controllable liquid crystal lens according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the specific steps of the method for manufacturing the second control layer of the pitch controllable liquid crystal lens in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of control of a pitch-controllable liquid crystal lens in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 Test effect diagram of pitch controllable liquid crystal lens.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and related drawings. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity, but should not be considered as strictly reflecting the proportional relationship of geometric dimensions as a schematic diagram. Here, the referenced figures are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments of the present invention, and the illustrated embodiments of the present invention should not be considered limited to the particular shapes of the regions shown in the figures, but include resulting shapes, such as those caused by manufacturing. deviation. All are represented by rectangles in this embodiment, and the representation in the figure is schematic, but this should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch, which includes a first control layer, a second control layer, a liquid crystal layer and a control module; wherein, the first control layer includes a first transparent substrate, A first driving electrode, a first insulating layer, a second driving electrode, a first alignment layer, and a first high-impedance layer; the second control layer includes a second transparent substrate, a third common electrode, A second high resistance layer and a second alignment layer.

As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment provides a pitch-controllable liquid crystal lens, including: including a first control layer 11, a second control layer 22, a liquid crystal layer 33 and a control module 55; wherein, the The first control layer 11 includes a first transparent substrate 111, a first driving electrode 112, a first insulating layer 113, a second driving electrode 114, a first alignment layer 115, and a first high resistance layer 116; The second control layer 22 includes a second transparent substrate 221 , a third common electrode 222 , a second high resistance layer 223 and a second alignment layer 224 .

The first driving electrodes 112 are arranged in a staggered, parallel and equidistant manner on the lower surface of the first transparent substrate 111; the first insulating layer 113 is disposed on the lower surface of the first driving electrodes 112; the second driving electrodes 114 are staggered Parallel and equally spaced on the lower surface of the first insulating layer 113, and the second driving electrodes 114 are arranged in parallel with the first driving electrodes 112; The center points of the gaps of the electrodes 112 coincide, the width of the second driving electrode 114 is equal to the gap width of two adjacent first driving electrodes 112, and the gap width of two adjacent second driving electrodes 114 is equal to the first driving electrode 114. The width of the driving electrode 112 ; the first high-impedance layer 115 is disposed on the lower surface of the second driving electrode 114 ; the first alignment layer 116 is disposed on the lower surface of the first high-impedance layer 115 .

The third common electrode 222 is disposed on the upper surface of the second transparent substrate 221; the second high resistance layer 223 is disposed on the upper surface of the third common electrode 221; the second alignment layer 224 is disposed on the second high The upper surface of the resistive layer 223 . Preferably, the third common electrode 222 is a surface electrode,

The control module 55 controls several first driving electrodes 112 and the third common electrodes 222, and applies a voltage between the several first driving electrodes 112 and the third common electrodes 222 to form a pitch P=2KW (K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, W is the width of the driving electrode); the control module 55 moves the width of N driving electrodes in sequence (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), forming a pitch of P =(2K+N)W liquid crystal lens to realize pitch controllable liquid crystal lens.

The control module 55 can also control the plurality of second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222, and apply a voltage between the plurality of second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222 to form a pitch P =2KW liquid crystal lens (K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, W is the width of the driving electrode); the control module moves the width of N driving electrodes in sequence (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), forming a pitch of The liquid crystal lens with P=(2K+N)W realizes the liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch.

The control module 55 can also control several first driving electrodes 112/second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222, and between the several first driving electrodes 112/second driving electrodes 114 and the first driving electrodes 114 A voltage is applied between the three common electrodes 222 to form a liquid crystal lens with pitch P=(2K+1)W (K is a natural number, W is the width of the driving electrode); the control module 55 sequentially moves N first driving electrodes 112/ The width of the second driving electrode 114 (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) forms a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+1+N)W, realizing a liquid crystal lens with a controllable pitch.

The alignment direction of the first alignment layer 115 is parallel to the direction of the first driving electrode 112 or the direction of the second driving electrode 114; the alignment direction of the second alignment layer 224 is parallel to the direction of the first alignment layer 116 antiparallel.

It also includes a sealing frame 44, which is arranged between the first transparent substrate 111 and the second transparent substrate 221, and is used to seal the liquid crystal layer 44 between the first alignment layer 116 and the second alignment layer. Between 224.

It also includes a base material (not shown in the figure), which is arranged between the first alignment layer 116 and the second alignment layer 224 to ensure the distance between the first alignment layer 116 and the second alignment layer 224 for the predetermined distance.

Please refer to FIG. 2, and in combination with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a method for manufacturing a pitch-controllable liquid crystal lens provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

S1: The production of the first control layer, which specifically includes the following steps:

S11: Provide a transparent substrate. The first transparent substrate 111 with an ITO transparent conductive layer is selected, the glass is scribed, cleaned, dried, and the first driving electrode is produced by photolithography; the specific process is as follows: RZJ-304 is photoetched by spin coating The glue was transferred to the surface of the glass substrate with the ITO film, and kept at 110°C for 25 minutes; exposed for 11 seconds on a photolithography machine with a light intensity of 4.4mW/cm ² , and developed with a 3% RZX-3038 solution; after curing, the volume A mixed solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and water with a ratio of 50:(3-9):50 is heated to 50-60° C. for spray etching; the acetone solution removes the photoresist to form the first driving electrode 112 .

S12: Deposit a transparent insulating layer 113 with a thickness of 30-240 nanometers on the surface of the (clean) first driving electrode 112 using magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation technology, such as silicon oxide (SiOx) or Silicon nitride (SiNx) is not listed here. In the embodiment of the present invention, magnetron sputtering is preferred to fabricate the SiO ₂ insulating layer 113 with a thickness of 60 nanometers. The specific process conditions are as follows: a Si target with a purity of 99.95% is used, the distance between the substrate and the Si target is 5 cm, the vacuum degree is 2.0×10 ^-3 Pa, the oxygen/argon gas flow ratio is 50SCCM/150SCCM, and the sputtering power is 1000W.

S13: On the surface of the transparent insulating layer 113, deposit a layer of transparent conductive film with a thickness of 50-300 nm by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation technology, such as indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO) or Al-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), which are not listed here one by one, and the second driving electrode 114 is fabricated by photolithography technology. In the embodiment of the present invention, magnetron sputtering and photolithography are preferred to produce the second driving electrode with a thickness of 180 nanometers. The specific process conditions are as follows: AZO target with a purity of 99.95%, the distance between the substrate and the AZO target is 5 cm, and the vacuum degree is 2.0× 10 ^-3 Pa, argon gas flow rate 10SCCM, sputtering power 1000W. Transfer the RZJ ^- 304 photoresist to the surface of the glass substrate with AZO film by spin coating process, keep it at 110°C for 25 minutes; After development and curing, spray etching with a volume ratio of HCl:H ₂ O=1:200, and acetone to remove the photoresist to form the second driving electrode 114.

S14: On the surface of the (clean) second driving electrode 114, deposit a high-impedance layer 115 with a thickness of 1-100 nanometers, such as AZO, IGZO, Nb ₂ O _X , here Not one by one. In the embodiment of the present invention, magnetron sputtering is preferably used to produce Nb ₂ O ₅ with a thickness of 30 nanometers. The specific process conditions are as follows: use a Nb ₂ O ₅ target with a purity of 99.99%, the distance between the substrate and the Nb ₂ O ₅ target is 5 cm, and the vacuum degree 2.0×10 ^-4 Pa, argon gas flow rate 10SCCM, sputtering power 60W.

S15: Make a layer of transparent material, such as polyimide (PI), on the surface of the (clean) high-resistance layer 115 by spin-coating, printing or inkjet printing technology, which are not listed here; after high-temperature roasting After forming the alignment layer film, the alignment layer film is rubbed and aligned along the direction of the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode to form the first alignment layer 116 .

S2: making the second control layer 22, which specifically includes the following steps:

S21: Provide a transparent substrate. Selecting the second transparent substrate 111 with an ITO transparent conductive layer, scribing the glass, cleaning, drying, and using photolithography technology to make the third common electrode 222;

S22: On the surface of the (clean) third common electrode 222, deposit a high-impedance layer 223 with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers, such as AZO, IGZO, Nb ₂ O _X , here Not one by one. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of Nb ₂ O ₅ produced by magnetron sputtering is preferably 30 nanometers, and the specific process conditions are as in S14.

S23: Make a layer of transparent material, such as polyimide (PI), on the surface of the (clean) high-resistance layer 223 by spin-coating, printing or ink-jet printing technology, which are not listed here; after high-temperature roasting After forming the alignment layer film, the alignment layer film is rubbed and oriented along the opposite direction of the first alignment layer 116 to form the second alignment layer 224 .

S3: Fabrication of liquid crystal lens, which specifically includes the following steps:

S31: Using powder spraying equipment on the surface of the (clean) second control layer 22 to make transparent spacers with a thickness of 4-100 microns and a density of 50-200/mm ² , the spacers are round or square. In the embodiment of the present invention, circular spacers with a diameter of 45 microns are preferred to be evenly sprayed into the surface of the ^second alignment layer 224 of the second control layer 22 at a density of 120/mm to form spacers (not marked in the figure), ensuring The distance between the first alignment layer 116 and the second alignment layer 224 is a predetermined distance.

S32: Coating a frame sealant around the (clean) first control layer 11 by printing or inkjet printing technology; the thickness of the frame sealant is greater than the thickness of the spacer;

S33: Align the first control layer 11 and the second control layer 22 against the first alignment layer 116 and the second alignment layer 224, and melt the sealing glue at 200°C to form the sealing frame 40;

S34: Use the crystal filling equipment to pour the liquid crystal molecules 30 into the liquid crystal cell along the sealing opening, and seal the filling opening with UV glue to form a liquid crystal lens.

The control module 55 controls several first driving electrodes 112 and the third common electrodes 222, and applies a voltage between the several first driving electrodes 112 and the third common electrodes 222 to form a pitch P=2KW (K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, W is the width of the driving electrode); the control module 55 moves the width of N driving electrodes in sequence (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), forming a pitch of P =(2K+N)W liquid crystal lens to realize pitch controllable liquid crystal lens. The control module 55 can also control the plurality of second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222, and apply a voltage between the plurality of second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222 to form a pitch P =2KW liquid crystal lens (K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, W is the width of the driving electrode); the control module moves the width of N driving electrodes in sequence (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), forming a pitch of The liquid crystal lens with P=(2K+N)W realizes the liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch. The control module 55 can also control several first driving electrodes 112/second driving electrodes 114 and the third common electrode 222, and between the several first driving electrodes 112/second driving electrodes 114 and the first driving electrodes 114 A voltage is applied between the three common electrodes 222 to form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch P=(2K+1)W (K is a natural number, W is the width of the driving electrodes); the control module 55 sequentially moves the width of the N driving electrodes (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+1+N)W, and realize a liquid crystal lens with a controllable pitch. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the control module 55 applies a driving voltage to the second driving electrode 114 and the third common electrode 222 to form a liquid crystal lens; by moving the width of one driving electrode, the control module 55 Applying a driving voltage to the first driving electrode 112 and the third common electrode 222 forms a liquid crystal lens again; sequentially moving the width of a single driving electrode, so as to realize equidistant and seamless scanning switching of the focal plane of the liquid crystal lens, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .

So far, a liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been fabricated.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, when the functional effect produced does not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch is characterized in that: it comprises a first control layer, a second control layer, a liquid crystal layer and a control module; the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the first control layer, the second Between the control layers; one output of the control module is connected to the first control layer, and the other output of the control module is connected to the second control layer; The first control layer includes a first transparent substrate, a first drive electrode, a first insulating layer, a second drive electrode, a first alignment layer, and a first high-impedance layer; the second control layer It includes a second transparent substrate, a third common electrode, a second high resistance layer and a second alignment layer. 2. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first driving electrodes are arranged in a staggered, parallel and equidistant manner on the lower surface of the first transparent substrate; the first insulating layer is arranged on The lower surface of the first driving electrodes; the second driving electrodes are disposed on the lower surface of the first insulating layer at staggered parallel intervals, and the second driving electrodes are arranged in parallel and interlaced with the first driving electrodes; the The center point of the second driving electrode coincides with the center point of the gap between the first driving electrodes, the width of the second driving electrode is equal to the gap width of two adjacent first driving electrodes, and the width of the gap between two adjacent second driving electrodes The electrode gap width is equal to the width of the first driving electrode; the first high impedance layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second driving electrode; the first alignment layer is arranged on the lower surface of the first high impedance layer. 3. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third common electrode is a surface electrode arranged on the upper surface of the second transparent substrate; the second high-impedance layer It is arranged on the upper surface of the third common electrode; the second alignment layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second high resistance layer. 4. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is parallel to the first driving electrode direction or the second driving electrode direction; The alignment direction of the second alignment layer is antiparallel to the direction of the first alignment layer. 5. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: said control module controls several first drive electrodes and third common electrodes; said control module controls several first drive electrodes and third common electrodes; A voltage is applied between the third common electrodes to form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=2KW, where K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and W is the width of the driving electrode; the control module moves N pieces of the first driving The width of the electrode, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, forms a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+N)W, thereby realizing a liquid crystal lens with a controllable pitch. 6. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: said control module controls several second driving electrodes and said third common electrodes, and between several second driving electrodes and third common electrodes A voltage is applied between the common electrodes to form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=2KW, where K is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and W is the width of the driving electrode; the control module moves the width of N first driving electrodes, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, forming a liquid crystal lens with a pitch of P=(2K+N)W, thereby realizing a liquid crystal lens with a controllable pitch. 7. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control module controls several first driving electrodes and the third common electrode or controls several second driving electrodes and the third common electrode A third common electrode, applying a voltage between the first drive electrode and the third common electrode or between the second drive electrode and the third common electrode to form a liquid crystal lens with a pitch P=(2K+1)W, wherein K is a natural number, and W is the width of the driving electrode; the control module moves the width of N first driving electrodes or second driving electrodes, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, forming a pitch of P=(2K+N +1) W liquid crystal lens, so as to realize pitch controllable liquid crystal lens. 8. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a sealing frame, which is arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and is used to enclose the The liquid crystal layer is sealed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. 9. The liquid crystal lens with controllable pitch according to claim 1, further comprising a base material disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer to ensure that the first alignment layer The distance between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is a predetermined distance. 10. A method for manufacturing a pitch-controllable liquid crystal lens based on claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1: The production of the first control layer, which specifically includes the following steps: S11: Provide a transparent conductive glass, perform scribing, cleaning, and drying on the glass, and use photolithography technology to manufacture the first driving electrode; S12: Depositing a transparent insulating layer with a thickness of 30-240 nm on the surface of the first driving electrode by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation; S13: On the surface of the transparent insulating layer, deposit a layer of transparent conductive film with a thickness of 50-300 nanometers by using magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation technology, and use photolithography technology to make the second driving electrode; S14: On the surface of the second driving electrode, deposit a high-impedance layer with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers by using magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation technology; S15: Make a layer of transparent material on the surface of the clean high-impedance layer by spin coating, printing or inkjet printing technology, and form an alignment layer film after high-temperature baking, and place the alignment layer film along the direction of the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode Rubbing alignment to form a first alignment layer; S2: making the second control layer, which specifically includes the following steps: S21: providing a transparent conductive glass, scribing, cleaning and drying the glass, and making a third common electrode by photolithography; S22: On the surface of the clean third common electrode, deposit a high-impedance layer with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers by using magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation technology; S23: Make a layer of transparent material on the surface of the high-resistance layer by spin coating, printing or inkjet printing technology, form an alignment layer film after high-temperature roasting, and rub the alignment layer film along the opposite direction of the first alignment layer to form a second alignment layer. orientation layer; S3: liquid crystal lens is made, and it specifically comprises the following steps: S31: on the surface of the second control layer, adopt powder spraying equipment to make a transparent spacer with a thickness of 4-100 microns and a density of 50-200/mm ² , and the spacer is round or square; S32: Adopting printing or inkjet printing technology to coat the frame sealant around the first control layer; the thickness of the frame sealant is greater than the thickness of the spacer; S33: reversely align the first control layer and the second control layer according to the alignment layer, and melt the sealing glue to form a sealing glue frame after passing through 200°C; S34: Use the crystal filling equipment to pour liquid crystal molecules into the liquid crystal cell along the sealing opening, and seal the filling opening with UV glue to form a liquid crystal lens.