CN107654639A - The shifting system that pole-changing motor used for electric vehicle is integrated with secondary gear reducer - Google Patents
The shifting system that pole-changing motor used for electric vehicle is integrated with secondary gear reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107654639A CN107654639A CN201711009919.7A CN201711009919A CN107654639A CN 107654639 A CN107654639 A CN 107654639A CN 201711009919 A CN201711009919 A CN 201711009919A CN 107654639 A CN107654639 A CN 107654639A
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors , actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
- H02P25/20—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays for pole-changing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H2061/2892—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted other gears, e.g. worm gears, for transmitting rotary motion to the output mechanism
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors , actuators or related electrical control means therefor
- F16H2061/326—Actuators for range selection, i.e. actuators for controlling the range selector or the manual range valve in the transmission
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2716/00—Control devices for speed-change mechanisms of planetary gearings, with toothed wheels remaining engaged, e.g. also for devices to simplify the control or for synchronising devices combined with control devices
- F16H2716/08—Control devices for speed-change mechanisms of planetary gearings, with toothed wheels remaining engaged, e.g. also for devices to simplify the control or for synchronising devices combined with control devices the control being electric
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
电动汽车用变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体的换挡系统，包括一体化的变极电机、二级行星减速箱，变极电机的共引出六个接线端，供外部三相电接入，通过接线端上下二种不同的连接而获得不同的转速，外部连接用双向晶闸管切换电路，双向晶闸管为无触点开关，通过一个开关电源输出俩路直流电压去控制二个双向晶闸管的控制极，二路控制电压用互锁开关切换；双向晶闸管是无触点开关元器件，耐用性更高，成本也将更低；变极电机输出轴通过二级行星减速器进行扭矩放大，通过外部的电路切换可获得二种输出扭矩，变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体大大缩小了电动汽车转速控制系统的体积，本发明具有结构简单，控制方便，体积小等优点。
The gear shifting system of the pole-changing motor and the two-stage gear reducer for electric vehicles, including the integrated pole-changing motor, the two-stage planetary gearbox, and a total of six terminals of the pole-changing motor for external three-phase electrical connection The two-way thyristor is used as a non-contact switch for the external connection, and the two-way thyristor is used to control the control of two two-way thyristors through a switching power supply. The two-way control voltage is switched by an interlock switch; the bidirectional thyristor is a non-contact switching component, which has higher durability and lower cost; the output shaft of the pole-changing motor is amplified through the second-stage planetary reducer, and the external Two kinds of output torque can be obtained by switching the circuit. The pole-changing motor and the two-stage gear reducer are integrated to greatly reduce the volume of the electric vehicle speed control system. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, and small volume.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动汽车变速换挡技术领域，具体涉及电动汽车用变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体的换挡系统。The invention relates to the technical field of gear shifting for electric vehicles, in particular to a gear shifting system in which a pole-changing motor and a two-stage gear reducer are integrated for an electric vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
电动汽车目前是国内外研究的重点，欧美国家电动汽车变速换挡主要运用交流感应电机，由于我国的稀土资源较为丰富，中国目前仍然是以永磁同步电机为主体，然而应用交流感应电机的难点在于高功率的逆变器及控制。电动汽车用高容量蓄电池供电，通过电机直驱，或者通过变频器变频实现对电机的调速，再通过减速器实现扭矩的放大，从而满足电动汽车的需求，但是电动汽车用的变频器核心元件逆变器通常非常昂贵，控制也很难，再者普通交流感应电机只可以在一种极数下调频，所以获得的转速范围也由此变窄。Electric vehicles are currently the focus of research at home and abroad. The transmission and shifting of electric vehicles in Europe and the United States mainly use AC induction motors. Due to the rich rare earth resources in my country, China still uses permanent magnet synchronous motors as the main body. However, the difficulty of applying AC induction motors It lies in the high-power inverter and control. Electric vehicles are powered by high-capacity batteries, which are directly driven by the motor, or the speed of the motor is adjusted by inverter frequency conversion, and then the torque is amplified through the reducer, so as to meet the needs of electric vehicles, but the core components of the inverter for electric vehicles Inverters are usually very expensive and difficult to control, and ordinary AC induction motors can only be frequency-tuned at one number of poles, so the speed range obtained is also narrowed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供电动汽车用变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体的换挡系统，具有结构简单，控制方便，体积小等优点。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a shift system integrating a pole-changing motor and a two-stage gear reducer for an electric vehicle, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, and small volume.
为了达到上述的目的，本发明采用了如下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
电动汽车用变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体的换挡系统，包括一体化的变极电机30、二级行星减速箱，变极电机定子3共有72槽，变极电机转子1有58槽，通过改变变极电机定子绕组的结构获得二种转速，变极电机30的共引出六个接线端，供外部三相电接入，通过接线端上下二种不同的连接而获得不同的转速，外部连接用双向晶闸管32切换电路，双向晶闸管32为无触点开关，通过一个开关电源31输出俩路直流电压去控制二个双向晶闸管32的控制极，二路控制电压用互锁开关切换。The gear shifting system for electric vehicles is an integrated pole-changing motor and a two-stage gear reducer, including an integrated pole-changing motor 30 and a two-stage planetary gearbox. The stator 3 of the pole-changing motor has a total of 72 slots, and the rotor 1 of the pole-changing motor has 58 slot, by changing the structure of the pole-changing motor stator winding to obtain two speeds, the pole-changing motor 30 has a total of six terminals for external three-phase power access, and different speeds are obtained through two different connections up and down the terminals , the external connection uses the bidirectional thyristor 32 to switch the circuit, the bidirectional thyristor 32 is a non-contact switch, and a switching power supply 31 outputs two DC voltages to control the control poles of the two bidirectional thyristors 32, and the two control voltages are switched with an interlock switch.
所述的变极电机30的变极电机转子1与变极电机输出轴10连接，和变极电机转子1配合的变极电机定子3固定在变极电机30的外壳11上，变极电机输出轴10的一端通过第一轴承9支撑在密封端盖8上，密封端盖8连接在外壳11上，变极电机输出轴10的端头连接有风扇7，风扇7外设有变极电机端盖6，变极电机端盖6和外壳11的一端连接，外壳11的另一端与减速器机架15连接固定，变极电机输出轴10的另一端与第一中心轮12连接，第一中心轮12与和它环形相布的初级行星齿轮13啮合，初级行星齿轮13与第一内齿圈14啮合，第一内齿圈14固定在减速器机架15上，初级行星齿轮13连接在初级行星轮连接轴18上，初级行星轮连接轴18固定在第一行星架19上，第一行星架19与次级输入轴20连接；次级输入轴20与第二中心轮21连接，第二中心轮21与和它环形相布的次级行星齿轮22相啮合，次级行星齿轮22与第二内齿圈23啮合，第二内齿圈23固定在减速器机架15上，次级行星齿轮22连接在次级行星轮连接轴24上，次级行星轮连接轴24与第二行星架25连接，第二行星架25固定在减速器输出轴26上，减速器机架15与减速器端盖29连接，减速器输出轴26通过第二轴承28和减速器端盖29连接。The pole-changing motor rotor 1 of the pole-changing motor 30 is connected to the pole-changing motor output shaft 10, and the pole-changing motor stator 3 matched with the pole-changing motor rotor 1 is fixed on the shell 11 of the pole-changing motor 30, and the pole-changing motor outputs One end of the shaft 10 is supported on the sealing end cover 8 through the first bearing 9, the sealing end cover 8 is connected to the casing 11, the end of the output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor is connected to the fan 7, and the fan 7 is provided with a pole-changing motor end The cover 6, the end cover 6 of the pole-changing motor is connected with one end of the housing 11, the other end of the housing 11 is connected and fixed with the reducer frame 15, the other end of the output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor is connected with the first center wheel 12, and the first center The wheel 12 meshes with the primary planetary gear 13 that is annularly distributed with it, the primary planetary gear 13 meshes with the first ring gear 14, the first ring gear 14 is fixed on the reducer frame 15, and the primary planetary gear 13 is connected to the primary On the planetary wheel connecting shaft 18, the primary planetary wheel connecting shaft 18 is fixed on the first planet carrier 19, and the first planet carrier 19 is connected with the secondary input shaft 20; the secondary input shaft 20 is connected with the second sun wheel 21, and the second The center wheel 21 is meshed with the secondary planetary gear 22 which is annularly distributed with it, the secondary planetary gear 22 is meshed with the second ring gear 23, the second ring gear 23 is fixed on the reducer frame 15, and the secondary planetary gear The gear 22 is connected to the secondary planetary wheel connection shaft 24, the secondary planetary wheel connection shaft 24 is connected to the second planetary carrier 25, the second planetary carrier 25 is fixed on the reducer output shaft 26, and the reducer frame 15 is connected to the reducer The end cover 29 is connected, and the reducer output shaft 26 is connected with the reducer end cover 29 through the second bearing 28 .
所述的变极电机定子3为双鼠笼型转子，从8U,8V,8W输入时绕组按照△接法，变极电机为8极，能够获得一个转速；当从4U,4V,4W输入时，绕组为2Y接法，变极电机变为4极电机，能够获得另一个转速。The stator 3 of the pole-changing motor is a double squirrel-cage rotor. When inputting from 8U, 8V, and 8W, the windings are connected in accordance with the delta connection method. The pole-changing motor has 8 poles and can obtain a rotational speed; , the winding is 2Y connection, the pole-changing motor becomes a 4-pole motor, and another speed can be obtained.
所述的外部控制用双向晶闸管32的接通与否，通过开关电源31去控制触发双向晶闸管32的控制极来实现，当给双向晶闸管32触发电压，则双向晶闸管32导通，当不给触发电压的时候，交流电压过零自动关闭。Whether the external control triac 32 is turned on or not is realized by switching the power supply 31 to control and trigger the control pole of the triac 32. When the trigger voltage is given to the triac 32, the triac 32 is turned on. When the voltage is low, the AC voltage will automatically shut down when it crosses zero.
所述的初级行星轮连接轴18、次级行星轮连接轴24通过弹性挡圈与第一行星架19、第二行星架25连接。The primary planetary wheel connecting shaft 18 and the secondary planetary wheel connecting shaft 24 are connected to the first planetary carrier 19 and the second planetary carrier 25 through circlips.
所述的第一中心轮12、第二中心轮21通过阶梯轴的轴肩进行定位。The first center wheel 12 and the second center wheel 21 are positioned by the shoulder of the stepped shaft.
本发明的有益效果为：1.变极电机30通过开关电源触发双向晶闸管32，用互锁开关切换二个双向晶闸管的导通与关断，从而改变电机绕组接法就可以获得二种转速，双向晶闸管是无触点开关元器件，而如今市面上大都采用接触器用作电路切换，但是接触器是有触点开关器件，时间久了可能导致触点接触不良，从而降低寿命，更换成本进一步提高，而采用双向晶闸管耐用性更高，成本也将更低。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The pole-changing motor 30 triggers the bidirectional thyristor 32 through the switching power supply, and uses the interlock switch to switch the on and off of the two bidirectional thyristors, thereby changing the connection method of the motor winding to obtain two kinds of rotating speeds, The bidirectional thyristor is a non-contact switching component, and most of the contactors are used for circuit switching on the market today, but the contactor is a contact switching device, which may lead to poor contact of the contacts after a long time, thereby reducing the service life and further increasing the replacement cost , and the use of bidirectional thyristors has higher durability and lower cost.
2.变极电机输出轴10通过二级行星减速器进行扭矩放大，通过外部的电路切换就可以获得二种输出扭矩，现在的纯电动汽车用电机都是采用变频装置调节获得连续的转速输出，系统复杂且控制成本也较高，本发明通过变极电机30与减速器为一体大大缩小了电动汽车转速控制系统的体积，为电动汽车用变极电机提供一个方向。2. The output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor is amplified by the two-stage planetary reducer, and two kinds of output torque can be obtained by switching the external circuit. The current motors for pure electric vehicles are adjusted by frequency conversion devices to obtain continuous speed output. The system is complicated and the control cost is also high. The present invention greatly reduces the volume of the electric vehicle speed control system by integrating the pole-changing motor 30 and the reducer, and provides a direction for the pole-changing motor used in electric vehicles.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是变极电机定子截面示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pole-changing motor stator.
图3是变极电机转子截面示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pole-changing motor rotor.
图4是72槽变极电机绕组原理图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the winding of a 72-slot pole-changing motor.
图5是本发明的外部控制电路图。Fig. 5 is an external control circuit diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参照图1、图2、图3、图4、图5，电动汽车用变极电机与二级齿轮减速器为一体的换挡系统，包括一体化的变极电机30、二级行星减速箱，变极电机定子3共有72槽，变极电机转子1有58槽，为双鼠笼型转子，从8U,8V,8W输入时绕组按照△接法，变极电机为8极，可以获得一个转速，当从4U,4V,4W输入时，绕组为2Y接法，变极电机30变为4极电机，可以获得另一个转速，所以可以通过改变定子绕组的结构获得二种转速，对应二种不同的输出扭矩，变极电机30的共引出六个接线端，供外部三相电接入，外部三相电输入分为六个输出接到二个双向晶闸管32的六个输入端口，双向晶闸管32的六个输出三三分别对应三相电接到变极电机30的六个输入端口，双向晶闸管32为无触点开关，通过一个开关电源31输出二路直流电压去控制二个双向晶闸管32的控制极，二路控制电压用互锁开关切换，比传统的接触器更加安全可靠，寿命更长。Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5, the gear shifting system integrating the pole-changing motor and the two-stage gear reducer for an electric vehicle includes an integrated pole-changing motor 30 and a two-stage planetary gearbox, The stator 3 of the pole-changing motor has 72 slots in total, and the rotor 1 of the pole-changing motor has 58 slots. It is a double squirrel-cage rotor. When inputting from 8U, 8V, and 8W, the windings follow the △ connection method. The pole-changing motor has 8 poles, and a speed can be obtained , when input from 4U, 4V, 4W, the winding is 2Y connection, the pole-changing motor 30 becomes a 4-pole motor, and another speed can be obtained, so two speeds can be obtained by changing the structure of the stator winding, corresponding to two different The output torque of the pole-changing motor 30 leads out six terminals altogether for external three-phase electric access, and the external three-phase electric input is divided into six output ports connected to six input ports of two bidirectional thyristors 32, and the bidirectional thyristors 32 The six outputs three and three corresponding to the three-phase electricity are respectively connected to the six input ports of the pole-changing motor 30, and the bidirectional thyristor 32 is a non-contact switch, and a switching power supply 31 outputs two-way DC voltage to control the two bidirectional thyristors 32 The control pole and the two control voltages are switched by an interlock switch, which is safer and more reliable than traditional contactors, and has a longer life.
所述的变极电机30的变极电机转子1与变极电机输出轴10通过平键连接，变极电机转子1上的槽内插有导条2，导条2俩端通过端环4焊接在一起，和变极电机转子1配合的变极电机定子3固定在变极电机30的外壳11上，变极电机输出轴10的一端通过第一轴承9支撑在密封端盖8上，密封端盖8通过螺栓连接在外壳11上，变极电机输出轴10的端头通过平键连接有风扇7，风扇7外设有变极电机端盖6，变极电机端盖6通过螺栓和外壳11的一端连接，外壳11上焊接有散热片5，外壳11的另一端与减速器机架15用螺栓连接固定，变极电机输出轴10的另一端与第一中心轮12通过平键连接，第一中心轮12与四个和它环形相布的初级行星齿轮13啮合，初级行星齿轮13与第一内齿圈14啮合，第一内齿圈14通过第一定位套筒16、外套筒17固定在减速器机架15上，初级行星齿轮13连接在初级行星轮连接轴18上，初级行星轮连接轴18固定在第一行星架19上，第一行星架19为中空结构，减轻质量，第一行星架19通过平键与次级输入轴20连接；变极电机30输出的扭矩经过第一中心轮12与初级行星齿轮13啮合将扭矩传输到初级行星轮连接轴18上，初级行星轮连接轴18的输出扭矩再通过第一行星架19将扭矩传输到次级输入轴20，次级输入轴20与第二中心轮21利用平键连接，第二中心轮21与四个和它环形相布的次级行星齿轮22相啮合，次级行星齿轮22与第二内齿圈23啮合，第二内齿圈23通过外套筒17、第一定位套筒16以及第二定位套筒27固定在减速器机架15上，次级行星齿轮22连接在次级行星轮连接轴24上，次级行星轮连接轴24与第二行星架25连接，第二行星架25固定在减速器输出轴26上，从而将次级输入轴20输出的扭矩传输到减速器输出轴26上输出，减速器机架15通过螺栓与减速器端盖29连接，减速器输出轴26通过第二轴承28和减速器端盖29连接；从而通过切换电机的绕组结构，获得俩种不同的转矩和转速输出。The pole-changing motor rotor 1 of the pole-changing motor 30 is connected to the output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor through a flat key, and a guide bar 2 is inserted into the slot on the pole-changing motor rotor 1, and both ends of the guide bar 2 are welded through the end ring 4 Together, the pole-changing motor stator 3 matched with the pole-changing motor rotor 1 is fixed on the casing 11 of the pole-changing motor 30, and one end of the output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor is supported on the sealing end cover 8 through the first bearing 9, and the sealing end The cover 8 is connected to the shell 11 by bolts, and the end of the output shaft 10 of the pole-changing motor is connected to the fan 7 through a flat key. One end of the housing 11 is welded with a cooling fin 5, the other end of the housing 11 is bolted to the reducer frame 15, and the other end of the pole-changing motor output shaft 10 is connected to the first center wheel 12 through a flat key. A sun gear 12 meshes with four primary planetary gears 13 that are annularly distributed with it, the primary planetary gears 13 mesh with the first ring gear 14, and the first ring gear 14 passes through the first positioning sleeve 16 and the outer sleeve 17 Fixed on the reducer frame 15, the primary planetary gear 13 is connected to the primary planetary wheel connecting shaft 18, and the primary planetary wheel connecting shaft 18 is fixed on the first planetary carrier 19, the first planetary carrier 19 is a hollow structure, which reduces the mass, The first planetary carrier 19 is connected with the secondary input shaft 20 through a flat key; the torque output by the pole-changing motor 30 is transmitted to the primary planetary gear connecting shaft 18 through the meshing of the first sun gear 12 and the primary planetary gear 13, and the primary planetary gear The output torque of the connecting shaft 18 is then transmitted to the secondary input shaft 20 through the first planet carrier 19, and the secondary input shaft 20 is connected with the second center wheel 21 using a flat key, and the second center wheel 21 is connected to four and other ring-shaped The secondary planetary gears 22 are meshed with each other, and the secondary planetary gears 22 are meshed with the second ring gear 23, and the second ring gear 23 passes through the outer sleeve 17, the first positioning sleeve 16 and the second positioning sleeve 27 Fixed on the reducer frame 15, the secondary planetary gear 22 is connected to the secondary planetary gear connecting shaft 24, the secondary planetary gear connecting shaft 24 is connected to the second planetary carrier 25, and the second planetary carrier 25 is fixed on the output of the reducer shaft 26, so that the torque output by the secondary input shaft 20 is transmitted to the reducer output shaft 26 for output, the reducer frame 15 is connected with the reducer end cover 29 by bolts, and the reducer output shaft 26 passes through the second bearing 28 and The reducer end cover 29 is connected; thereby by switching the winding structure of the motor, two different torque and rotational speed outputs are obtained.
所述的外部控制用双向晶闸管32的接通与否，通过开关电源31去控制触发双向晶闸管32的控制极来实现，当给双向晶闸管32触发电压，则双向晶闸管32导通，当不给触发电压的时候，交流电压过零自动关闭。Whether the external control triac 32 is turned on or not is realized by switching the power supply 31 to control and trigger the control pole of the triac 32. When the trigger voltage is given to the triac 32, the triac 32 is turned on. When the voltage is low, the AC voltage will automatically shut down when it crosses zero.
所述的初级行星轮连接轴18、次级行星轮连接轴24通过弹性挡圈与第一行星架19、第二行星架25连接。The primary planetary wheel connecting shaft 18 and the secondary planetary wheel connecting shaft 24 are connected to the first planetary carrier 19 and the second planetary carrier 25 through circlips.
所述的第一中心轮12、第二中心轮21通过阶梯轴的轴肩进行定位。The first center wheel 12 and the second center wheel 21 are positioned by the shoulder of the stepped shaft.
本发明的工作原理为：外部通过双向晶闸管32切换变极电机30的绕组接入，让变极电机30在不同的极对数下工作，从而获得不同的转速和转矩，变极电机30的输出转矩带动第一中心轮12转动，进而带动初级行星齿轮13旋转，初级行星齿轮13带动第一行星架19转动，第一行星架19带动次级输入轴20转动，次级输入轴20带动第二中心轮21转动，进而带动次级行星齿轮22转动，次级行星齿轮22带动第二行星架25转动，第二行星架25将扭矩输出到减速器的输出轴26上，从而完成扭矩的放大与传递。The working principle of the present invention is: externally switch the winding access of the pole-changing motor 30 through the bidirectional thyristor 32, so that the pole-changing motor 30 works under different pole pairs, thereby obtaining different rotating speeds and torques, the pole-changing motor 30 The output torque drives the first center wheel 12 to rotate, and then drives the primary planetary gear 13 to rotate, the primary planetary gear 13 drives the first planetary carrier 19 to rotate, the first planetary carrier 19 drives the secondary input shaft 20 to rotate, and the secondary input shaft 20 drives The second center wheel 21 rotates, and then drives the secondary planetary gear 22 to rotate, and the secondary planetary gear 22 drives the second planetary carrier 25 to rotate, and the second planetary carrier 25 outputs the torque to the output shaft 26 of the reducer, thereby completing the rotation of the torque Amplify and transmit.
Claims (6)
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