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CN102710200A - Directly-drive wind power generation system composed of high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor - Google Patents

Directly-drive wind power generation system composed of high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102710200A
CN102710200A CN201210160986XA CN201210160986A CN102710200A CN 102710200 A CN102710200 A CN 102710200A CN 201210160986X A CN201210160986X A CN 201210160986XA CN 201210160986 A CN201210160986 A CN 201210160986A CN 102710200 A CN102710200 A CN 102710200A
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power generation
temperature superconducting
high temperature
control module
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CN102710200B (en
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王玉彬
孙建鑫
孙永兴
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

The invention provides a directly-drive wind power generation system composed of a high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor. The directly-drive wind power generation system comprises a wind turbine, a high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor, an uncontrollable rectifier module, a battery pack module, a direct current converter module, an inverter module, a grid-connected transformer, an operation mode control module and a central control unit. The directly-drive wind power generation system is small in volume, light in weight, high in efficiency, multiple in operation mode and good in an adaptability; as the high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor is adopted as a generator, the characteristics that a high temperature superconductive winding is adaptive to a direct current is brought into play, and the rotational connection necessary for a conventional rotor excitation type high temperature superconductive motor is avoided; the directly-drive wind power generation system is simple in structure; a generator stator adopts a modularization structure, thereby being convenient for transportation and on-site installation; as the directly-drive wind power generation system can run in a switch magnetic reluctance motor generation mode, the phenomenon of quench of the high temperature superconductive material is prevented effectively; and the reliability of the system is improved effectively.

Description

The direct-driving type wind power generation system that a kind of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor constitutes
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, be a kind of direct-driving type wind power generation system of high-temperature superconducting motor formation.
Background technology
Along with the whole society to the giving more sustained attention of the energy and environmental problem, the development and use of regenerative resource are just demonstrating the trend of accelerated development.Wind energy is as one of regenerative resource that at present the human Application and Development technology of being grasped is the most ripe, relies on them can big, the advantages such as distributed areas wide, safety and environmental protection of exploitation amount, in social economy's sustainable development, plays an important role.Take a broad view of at present and put into operation both at home and abroad and the wind generator system of researching and developing, can be classified as two big types basically.The first kind is to be the high speed winds electric system of intermediate link with the mechanical speed-increasing gear box.Usually; The wind energy conversion system that is driven by wind energy is operated in lower rotating speed (tens rev/mins); And traditional synchronous or asynchronous generator is because the number of poles restriction; Rotating speed is all higher, so the type system must adopt the multi-stage gear case that the wind energy conversion system rotating speed is carried out speedup, makes it the rated speed near asynchronous machine.But step-up gear not only volume is big, heavy, and failure rate is higher, needs often to safeguard, is link the weakest in the wind generator system; Second type is the directly-driving wind power generation system that occurs in recent years, has cancelled speed increasing gear, therefore has advantages such as efficient height, dynamic response is fast, maintenance cost is low.Yet; Directly drive generator work under the low speed that per minute tens changes usually; For guaranteeing its output voltage and frequency in normal scope, generator need adopt bigger rotor diameter and more number of pole-pairs, and volume is big; Quality is heavy, has increased difficulty for design, manufacturing, transportation and the installation etc. of generator.
It is thus clear that; High-speed wind power electricity generation system and directly-driving wind power generation system have pluses and minuses separately: advantages such as maturation, current transformer control capacity is less, variable-speed operation wider range that the former possesses skills, but the use of gear box and rotor ring has increased the probability of mechanical breakdown generation; The latter has advantages such as efficient height, no step-up gear, but large-scale direct wind-driven generator is bulky and heavy, makes transportation, the difficult installation of unit.And, directly driving the air-gap field of generator and regulate difficulty, its output voltage is very big with the fluctuation of wind speed, has increased the control difficulty of the two-way PWM grid-connected converter of total power and the cost of the device for high-power power electronic that adopts thereof.Therefore; The output voltage stabilization of high speed winds electric system is combined with the no step-up gear of directly driven wind-powered system; The advantage that collects the two is developed no step-up gear, volume is little, in light weight, and output voltage amplitude remains unchanged basically with the fluctuation of wind speed and maybe can stablize within the specific limits; Thereby make the simple direct-driving type wind power generation system of control, become current high-power wind power generation systematic research focus.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: existing large directly driven permanent magnet wind generating is bulky, heavy, makes transportation, the difficult installation of unit; And the air-gap field of permanent magnet direct-drive generator is regulated difficulty, and its output voltage is very big with the fluctuation of wind speed, has increased the control difficulty of the two-way PWM grid-connected converter of total power and the cost of the device for high-power power electronic that adopts thereof; Need a kind of existing permanent magnet direct-drive wind generator system drawback that overcome, can high power density, high efficiency, convenient, the stable direct-driving type wind power generation system of control.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the direct-driving type wind power generation system that a kind of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor constitutes; Comprise wind energy conversion system, high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor, uncontrollable rectifier module, battery module, DC converting module, inverter module, transformer is incorporated into the power networks; Operational mode control module and central control unit; Wind energy conversion system connects the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor; Uncontrollable rectifier module, battery module, inverter module; Be connected the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor and be incorporated into the power networks between the transformer, the DC converting module is connected across the battery module two ends, and central control unit links to each other with battery module, inverter module, wind energy conversion system, operational mode control module and DC converting module respectively; Wherein the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor is made up of armature winding, high-temperature superconductor excitation winding, field spider, modular stator.
Wherein, The operational mode control module is composed in parallel by high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module and switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module; Battery module connects switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module and high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module; And electric energy is provided, switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module links to each other with central control unit respectively with high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module.
The armature winding of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor of the present invention can be conventional armature winding or high-temperature superconductor winding.
The present invention possesses high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation and two kinds of operational modes of switching magnetic-resistance generator operation:
When (1) high-temperature superconductor excitation generating operating mode was worked, the rotor speed omega of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor was between rotating speed lower limit ω MinWith rotating speed higher limit ω MaxBetween, central control unit stopcock magnetic resistance generator operation control module is opened high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module; The rotor that wind energy conversion system drives the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor rotates with angular velocity omega, through the electromagnetic coupled effect, is electric energy with wind energy transformation; The electric energy that the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor sends; Be transferred to uncontrollable rectifier module by the stator armature winding, convert AC energy into direct current energy, under the control of central control unit; Convert AC energy into through battery module and inverter module again, transformer arrives electrical network with electric energy transmitting through being incorporated into the power networks.In this process, central control unit detects the rotor velocity ω of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor in real time, is lower than the rated angular velocity ω of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor as ω e(ω Min＜ω e＜ω Max) time, the terminal voltage U of the transformer that is incorporated into the power networks is lower than its rated voltage U e, under the control of central control unit, high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module increases exciting current I f, the terminal voltage U of the feasible transformer that is incorporated into the power networks reaches its rated voltage U eThe rated angular velocity ω that is higher than the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor as ω eThe time, the terminal voltage U of the transformer that is incorporated into the power networks is greater than its rated voltage U e, under the control of central control unit, high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module reduces exciting current I f, the terminal voltage U of the feasible transformer that is incorporated into the power networks reaches its rated voltage U eTherefore, system's can keep being incorporated into the power networks terminal voltage amplitude stability of transformer can reduce the control difficulty of inverter module, and because excitation winding is the high-temperature superconductor winding, its excitation loss has improved the efficient of system near zero loss.
When (2) the switching magnetic-resistance generating operating mode was worked, central control unit turn-offed high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module, and opens switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module, and battery module provides rated exciting current I for it FeBecause the high-temperature superconductor excitation winding is disconnected this moment, generator Structure also becomes the switched reluctance machines structure by high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor structure accordingly.At this moment, the rotor speed omega of motor is lower than its rotating speed lower limit ω Min, the rotor of wind energy conversion system driving switch reluctance motor rotates with angular velocity omega, through the electromagnetic coupled effect; With wind energy transformation is electric energy; The electric energy that switched reluctance machines sends is transferred to uncontrollable rectifier module by the stator armature winding, converts AC energy into direct current energy; Under the control of central control unit, convert the specified terminal voltage U that reaches the transformer that is incorporated into the power networks into through DC converting module and inverter module again eAC energy, through the transformer that is incorporated into the power networks with electric energy transmitting to electrical network.The switching magnetic-resistance generating operating mode mainly runs under the breeze conditions, and the wind field wind speed of this moment is lower, makes the rotor velocity ω of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor be lower than its design lower limit ω MinThereby the terminal voltage U of the transformer that is incorporated into the power networks is far below its rated value U e, the amplitude that therefore must increase substantially exciting current could keep the being incorporated into the power networks terminal voltage of transformer is stabilized in its rated value U e, and excessive exciting current very easily causes high-temperature superconductor excitation winding generation quench phenomenon, has a strong impact on the performance of high temperature superconducting materia, system switches to the switching magnetic-resistance generating operating mode, can effectively avoid the generation of quench phenomenon.
The present invention introduces flux switch motor as excitation winding with high temperature superconducting materia; Both brought into play the characteristic of the suitable direct current of high-temperature superconductor winding; Avoided necessary being rotationally connected in the conventional rotors excitation type high-temperature superconducting motor again; And then proposed a kind of simple in structure, volume is little, the direct-driving type wind power generation system of in light weight, high efficiency high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor and formation thereof; Can effectively reduce the volume and weight of direct-driving type wind power system, and can make output voltage keep stable, reduce the control difficulty of system; The present invention simultaneously can run on high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation and two kinds of operational modes of switching magnetic-resistance generator operation, has improved system reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system configuration sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1; The present invention includes wind energy conversion system 1, high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2, uncontrollable rectifier module 3, battery module 4, DC converting module 11, inverter module 5, the transformer 6 that is incorporated into the power networks, operational mode control module 10 and central control unit 9; Wind energy conversion system 1 connects high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2; Uncontrollable rectifier module 3, battery module 4, inverter module 5; Be connected high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2 and be incorporated into the power networks between the transformer 6; DC converting module 11 is connected across battery module 4 two ends, and operational mode control module 10 is connected between high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2 and the battery module 4, and central control unit 9 connects battery module 4, inverter module 5, wind energy conversion system 1, operational mode control module 10 and DC converting module 11 respectively; Wherein high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2 is made up of armature winding 2.1, high-temperature superconductor excitation winding 2.2, field spider 2.3 and modular stator 2.4; High-temperature superconductor excitation winding 2.2 connects high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module 8, and armature winding 2.1 connects switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module 7; Operational mode control module 10 is composed in parallel by switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module 7, high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module 8; Armature winding 2.1 links to each other with switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module 7; High-temperature superconductor excitation winding 2.2 links to each other with high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module 8; Battery module 4 connects switching magnetic-resistance generator operation control module 7 and high-temperature superconductor excitation generator operation control module 8, and electric energy is provided.
Is example with a cover based on the direct-driving type wind power generation system of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor; Wind energy conversion system 1 links to each other with high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2; Rectifier module 3 adopts three-phase diode not control rectifier bridge; It is power component that inverter module 5 adopts IGBT, and central control unit 9 adopts the DSP microprocessor.
Operational mode of the present invention comprises:
1). high-temperature superconductor excitation generating operating mode:
The rotor speed omega of high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor is between rotating speed lower limit ω MinWith rotating speed higher limit ω MaxBetween the time, the circulation path of the electrical power that wind energy is changed is: the uncontrollable rectifier module 3-of the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor 2-battery module 4-inverter module 5-transformer 6 that is incorporated into the power networks, with electric energy transmitting to electrical network.
2). the switching magnetic-resistance generating operating mode:
The rotor speed omega of switched reluctance machines is lower than rotating speed lower limit ω Min, the circulation path of the electrical power that wind energy is changed is: the uncontrollable rectifier module 3-of the switched reluctance machines 2-DC converting module 11-inverter module 5-transformer 6 that is incorporated into the power networks, with electric energy transmitting to electrical network.
Characteristic of the present invention is to have cancelled the necessary rotation of conventional used for wind power generation high-temperature superconducting motor to connect; Adopt the high-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor as generator, its advantage is mainly reflected in two aspects, on the one hand; High-temperature superconductor excitation winding and armature winding all place the electronics side; Both bring into play the characteristic of the suitable direct current of high-temperature superconductor winding, avoided necessary being rotationally connected in the conventional rotors excitation type high-temperature superconducting motor again, and; The high-intensity magnetic field characteristic of high temperature superconducting materia can effectively improve the power density of generator; Thereby reduce the weight of whole wind electric system, simultaneously, its modular stator structure also is convenient to the transportation and the on-the-spot Installation and Debugging of unit; On the other hand; Because stator side has high-temperature superconductor excitation winding and armature winding two cover windings; So can when gentle breeze, run on the switched reluctance machines power generation mode, can effectively prevent the generation of high temperature superconducting materia quench phenomenon, improved the reliability of system.

Claims (4)

1.高温超导励磁磁通切换电机构成的直驱型风力发电系统，包括风力机(1)、不可控整流器模块(3)、电池组模块(4)、直流变换模块(11)、逆变器模块(5)、并网变压器(6)，其特征是还包括高温超导励磁磁通切换电机(2)、运行模式控制模块(10)和中央控制单元(9)。风力机(1)连接高温超导励磁磁通切换电机(2)，不可控整流器模块(3)、电池组模块(4)、逆变器模块(5)，连接在高温超导励磁磁通切换电机(2)与并网变压器(6)之间，直流变换模块(11)跨接在电池组模块(4)两端，运行模式控制模块(10)连接在高温超导励磁磁通切换电机(2)与电池组模块(4)之间，中央控制单元(9)分别连接电池组模块(4)、逆变器模块(5)、风力机(1)、运行模式控制模块(10)和直流变换模块(11)。1. A direct-drive wind power generation system composed of a high-temperature superconducting excitation flux switching motor, including a wind turbine (1), an uncontrollable rectifier module (3), a battery pack module (4), a DC conversion module (11), an inverter A switch module (5), a grid-connected transformer (6), is characterized in that it also includes a high-temperature superconducting excitation flux switching motor (2), an operation mode control module (10) and a central control unit (9). The wind turbine (1) is connected to the high-temperature superconducting field flux switching motor (2), the uncontrollable rectifier module (3), the battery pack module (4), and the inverter module (5), and is connected to the high-temperature superconducting field flux switching Between the motor (2) and the grid-connected transformer (6), the DC conversion module (11) is connected across the two ends of the battery pack module (4), and the operation mode control module (10) is connected to the HTS excitation flux switching motor ( 2) Between the battery pack module (4), the central control unit (9) is respectively connected to the battery pack module (4), the inverter module (5), the wind turbine (1), the operation mode control module (10) and the DC Transformation module (11). 2.根据权利要求1所述的高温超导励磁磁通切换电机构成的直驱型风力发电系统，其特征是高温超导励磁磁通切换电机(2)由电枢绕组(2.1)、高温超导励磁绕组(2.2)、凸极转子(2.3)和模块化定子(2.4)组成，电枢绕组(2.1)、高温超导励磁绕组(2.2)均位于静止的定子侧。2. The direct-drive wind power generation system formed by the high-temperature superconducting field flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-temperature superconducting field flux switching motor (2) consists of an armature winding (2.1), a high-temperature superconducting It consists of a field-leading winding (2.2), a salient-pole rotor (2.3) and a modular stator (2.4), and the armature winding (2.1) and the high-temperature superconducting field winding (2.2) are located on the stationary side of the stator. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高温超导励磁磁通切换电机构成的直驱型风力发电系统，其特征是运行模式控制模块(10)由开关磁阻发电运行控制模块(7)、高温超导励磁发电运行控制模块(8)并联组成，电枢绕组(2.1)与开关磁阻发电运行控制模块(7)相连，高温超导励磁绕组(2.2)与高温超导励磁发电运行控制模块(8)相连，电池组模块(4)连接开关磁阻发电运行控制模块(7)和高温超导励磁发电运行控制模块(8)，并提供电能。3. The direct-drive wind power generation system formed by the high temperature superconducting field flux switching motor according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the operation mode control module (10) is composed of a switched reluctance power generation operation control module (7), The high-temperature superconducting excitation power generation operation control module (8) is connected in parallel, the armature winding (2.1) is connected with the switched reluctance power generation operation control module (7), the high-temperature superconducting excitation winding (2.2) is connected with the high-temperature superconducting excitation power generation operation control module (8) are connected, and the battery pack module (4) is connected to the switched reluctance power generation operation control module (7) and the high temperature superconducting excitation power generation operation control module (8), and provides electric energy. 4.根据权利要求2所述的高温超导励磁磁通切换电机，其特征是电枢绕组(2.1)可以为常规电枢绕组或高温超导绕组。4. The high temperature superconducting field flux switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the armature winding (2.1) can be a conventional armature winding or a high temperature superconducting winding.
CN201210160986.XA 2012-05-17 2012-05-17 Directly-drive wind power generation system composed of high temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switchover motor Expired - Fee Related CN102710200B (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103825387A (en) * 2013-10-09 2014-05-28 中国石油大学(华东) High-temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switch motor low-temperature cooling system
CN104113251A (en) * 2014-06-17 2014-10-22 曲阜师范大学 Wind power generation-used modular electro-magnetic flux switching power generator
CN105356679A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-02-24 江苏大学 Design method of flux-switching outer rotor motor based on electric heating two-way coupling
CN105634247A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-06-01 中国石油大学(华东) Six-phase static sealing high-temperature superconducting motor
CN110765640A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 Method, system and equipment for calculating effective wind speed of rotor
CN111863374A (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-30 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） High-temperature superconducting uninsulated magnet
CN113048010A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-29 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 Control method of superconducting fan
CN114938087A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-08-23 河北工业大学 High-frequency transformer integrated double-module magnetic flux switching motor

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CN101527498A (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-09 通用电气公司 Systems involving superconducting direct drive generators for wind power applications
CN101532472A (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-16 通用电气公司 Superconducting homopolar alternator for wind power applications

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WO1997047878A1 (en) * 1996-06-08 1997-12-18 Industrial Research Limited Wind turbines
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CN101532472A (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-16 通用电气公司 Superconducting homopolar alternator for wind power applications

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103825387A (en) * 2013-10-09 2014-05-28 中国石油大学(华东) High-temperature superconductive excitation magnetic flux switch motor low-temperature cooling system
CN103825387B (en) * 2013-10-09 2016-05-11 中国石油大学(华东) High-temperature superconductor magnetic flux switching motor low-temperature cooling system
CN104113251A (en) * 2014-06-17 2014-10-22 曲阜师范大学 Wind power generation-used modular electro-magnetic flux switching power generator
CN105356679A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-02-24 江苏大学 Design method of flux-switching outer rotor motor based on electric heating two-way coupling
CN105356679B (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-11-17 江苏大学 The design method of magnetic flux switching external rotor electric machine based on electric heating bidirectional couple
CN105634247A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-06-01 中国石油大学(华东) Six-phase static sealing high-temperature superconducting motor
CN111863374A (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-30 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） High-temperature superconducting uninsulated magnet
CN110765640A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 Method, system and equipment for calculating effective wind speed of rotor
CN110765640B (en) * 2019-11-05 2022-05-10 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 Method, system and equipment for calculating effective wind speed of rotor
CN113048010A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-29 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 Control method of superconducting fan
CN114938087A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-08-23 河北工业大学 High-frequency transformer integrated double-module magnetic flux switching motor
CN114938087B (en) * 2022-06-06 2024-04-23 河北工业大学 High-frequency transformer integrated two-module magnetic flux switching motor

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