CN107654246A - Tunnel the basket steel arch-shelf fitting machine of three arm three and steel arch frame construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of special mechanical equipment for mountain tunnel engineering construction. A three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels and a steel arch construction method, including a chassis, a main support arm and an auxiliary support arm, the chassis is provided with a driver's cab, a power system and a control system; the main support arm The front end of the turntable is provided with a turntable, the turntable is provided with a hanging basket and an assembly fixture head, and a self-balancing system is arranged between the turntable and the main support arm; the front end of the auxiliary support arm is provided with a turntable, and the A hanging basket and an assembly jig head are arranged on the turntable, and a self-balancing system is arranged between the auxiliary support arm and the corresponding turntable; the self-balancing system keeps the turntable always in a horizontal state. The invention greatly improves the efficiency of tunnel construction, accelerates the progress of tunnel construction, shortens the construction period, saves costs, greatly enhances the safety of tunnel construction, and promotes the development process of tunnel construction mechanization, complete set and informationization.

Description

Three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnel and steel arch construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of special mechanical equipment for mountain tunnel engineering construction, and in particular relates to a three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels and a steel arch construction method.

Background technique

In the current tunnel construction in my country, with the continuous improvement of the country's "mechanization, complete set, and informationization" requirements for tunnel construction, the complete set configuration of tunnel construction equipment has been continuously developed. A series of complete sets of equipment such as tunnel construction excavation equipment, support equipment, secondary lining equipment, and transportation equipment show their hands and feet in tunnel construction. Among a series of construction equipment, the support equipment for tunnel excavation is the one with the lowest efficiency, which restricts the efficiency of the entire tunnel construction. The arch installation machine is the initial support equipment for tunnel construction. When the surrounding rock is weak and broken seriously, the assembled arch plays a great role in controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock and preventing collapse. The steel arch frame generally adopts two structures of section steel arch frame and grid steel frame, and forms a joint support with tie bars, mesh sheets, lock-foot anchor rods and shotcrete.

The installation of the steel arch frame mainly adopts the manual installation method, which requires many construction workers, high labor intensity, low work efficiency, low installation quality and high construction risk. At present, there are single-arm arch installation machines, three-arm arch installation machines (with work baskets) and other equipment developed in China to meet the installation work of mountain tunnel steel arches. The working efficiency of the single-arm arch installation machine is low, and the work efficiency of the three-arm arch installation machine is high, but most of them are crawler chassis, which is inconvenient to move and slow, which is not conducive to the transition of the construction tunnel. There are also various steel arch installation machines developed abroad, but these machines are mainly developed according to foreign construction conditions and are not suitable for domestic construction conditions.

According to these circumstances, the present invention mainly combines the actual conditions of domestic tunnel construction to design a three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine with low cost, convenient use and reliable performance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems and deficiencies mentioned above, and provide a three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels with reasonable structural design, good stability, and effective improvement of the efficiency and accuracy of steel arch construction. and steel arch construction methods.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted are:

A three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels, comprising a chassis on which a driver's cab, a power system and a control system are arranged; The arm can perform pitching action and left-right turning action relative to the chassis; the main support arm can move telescopically along the length direction, and a turntable is arranged at the front end of the main support arm, and a hanging basket and an assembly fixture head are arranged on the turntable , a self-balancing system is provided between the turntable and the main support arm; There is a sliding frame, the auxiliary supporting arm is matched and slidably arranged on the sliding frame, and the auxiliary supporting arm can pitch relative to the sliding frame; the auxiliary supporting arm can move telescopically along the length direction, and is set There is a turntable, on which a hanging basket and an assembly jig head are arranged, and a self-balancing system is set between the auxiliary support arm and the corresponding turntable; the self-balancing system keeps the turntable always in a horizontal state.

A middle support is pivotally connected between the main support arm and the chassis, a rotary oil cylinder is arranged between the middle support and the chassis, and an arm beam pitch oil cylinder is arranged between the middle support and the main support arm.

The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for the tunnel has an upper and lower double-layer structure. A support column is arranged between the sliding frame and the chassis. A sliding seat is provided on the sliding frame for matching and sliding. The auxiliary support arm The pivot connection is arranged on the sliding seat, and an arm beam pitch oil cylinder is arranged between the sliding seat and the auxiliary support arm.

The control system includes a hydraulic control system and an electrical control system. The main support arm adopts an electric proportional control valve for electric proportional control; Electric proportional control and inching control; the power system is a diesel-electric dual power system.

The self-balancing system is a leveling oil cylinder arranged between the turntable and the corresponding main support arm or auxiliary support arm, and the leveling oil cylinder is linked in parallel with the arm beam pitching oil cylinder that drives the main support arm or auxiliary support arm to pitch. , when the jib beam pitching cylinder performs telescopic movement, the corresponding leveling cylinder moves synchronously, so that the turntable remains horizontal.

The chassis is provided with two cabs, and the two cabs are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the chassis, and respectively control the walking in two directions; the chassis is a wheeled chassis, and a telescopic Outriggers; the main support arm and the auxiliary support arm are two-stage telescopic structures, and are driven by telescopic oil cylinders.

The assembled jig head includes a jig swing arm pivotally arranged on the turret, a jig pitch oil cylinder for driving the jig swing arm to pitch, a jig head pivotally arranged at the end of the jig swing arm, and a jig head and jig swing. The lifting cylinder between the arms; the front end of the clamp head is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove, and a clamping block and a clamping cylinder for driving the clamping block are arranged on both sides of the clamping groove.

The assembled jig head includes a fixed frame fixedly arranged on the turntable, a swing frame pivotally arranged on the fixed frame, a fixture pitching oil cylinder for driving the swing frame to pitch, a clamp head and a lifting head pivotally arranged at the end of the swing frame. Oil cylinder; the clamp head includes a fixed clamp head pivotally arranged on the front end of the swing frame, a movable clamp head pivotally connected to the fixed clamp head and a clamping oil cylinder arranged between the fixed clamp head and the movable clamp head; the lifting head The oil cylinder is arranged between the fixed jig head and the swing frame.

An auxiliary assembling bracket is provided on the turntable, and the auxiliary assembling bracket includes a bracket support arranged on the turntable, a lifting rod pivotally arranged on the bracket support, and a lifting rod arranged between the lifting rod and the Lift cylinders between carriage supports.

A tunnel steel arch construction method, the tunnel steel arch construction method is a steel arch clamping and assembling method using the above-mentioned three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect that obtains is:

The invention further optimizes the installation and splicing equipment of the steel arch frame in the complete set of tunnel construction, greatly improves the efficiency of tunnel construction, speeds up the progress of tunnel construction, shortens the construction period, saves costs, greatly enhances the safety of tunnel construction, and reduces personnel Reduce labor intensity, optimize the convenience of operation in the construction process, and promote the development process of tunnel construction mechanization, complete set, and informatization.

The three arms and three baskets in this application can work at the same time, the main support arm and its upper main assembly jig head are used to snatch and support the whole arch (H or I-shaped steel arch, flower arch), the auxiliary support arm and its upper part The auxiliary assembly jig head is used to complete the assembly of other arches, and the hanging basket is used to complete the welding work between the reinforcement and the mesh between the arches. The upper auxiliary support arm and the lower main support arm cooperate with each other to quickly complete the assembly of the steel arch frame, and can complete the assembly of the full section of the surrounding rock of grade III and IV and the assembly of the two-step arch frame.

The scope of work in this application is large, the structure of the whole machine is divided into upper and lower layers, and the upper auxiliary arm has the function of sliding forward and backward, which increases the longitudinal working range of the tunnel, and at the same time increases the adaptability to the two steps when the auxiliary support arm is assembled. wider. The pitching of the auxiliary support arm, the horizontal rotation and lifting swing of the assembled fixture head are all equipped with electric proportional control and micro-control of the flow valve. Through the micro-control, it can be more flexible and complete the assembly operation. Thereby, the construction efficiency and construction accuracy can be improved.

The chassis in this application adopts tire-type chassis, which has good maneuverability, fast speed and low cost, and this application adopts full hydraulic design, proportional control plus micro-motion control, which has high controllability and small impact; its power system is diesel-electric Dual power system, using electric motors for zero emission, no pollution, low noise, and diesel engine auxiliary power; when driving, the main support arm is in a fully retracted state, and the auxiliary support arm is retracted to the shortest, and the arm is retracted to the car through the sliding frame Inside. The driving stability is high, and the front part of the chassis is equipped with a front hydraulic balance outrigger, and the front hydraulic balance outrigger is deployed during support work, so the working stability is good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the main support arm.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the working state of the auxiliary support arm.

Figure 5 is a diagram of the working range of the main support arm and the auxiliary support arm.

Fig. 6 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the assembly jig head.

Fig. 7 is the second structural schematic diagram of the assembly jig head.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the auxiliary assembly bracket.

Fig. 9 is the assembly step 1 of the tunnel steel arch of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is the second step of assembling the tunnel steel arch according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is the third step of assembling the tunnel steel arch of the present invention.

Serial numbers in the figure: 100 is the chassis, 101 is the cab, 102 is the power system, 103 is the control system, 104 is the telescopic outrigger, 200 is the main support arm, 201 is the turntable, 202 is the hanging basket, 203 is the assembly fixture head , 204 is the middle support seat, 205 is the rotary oil cylinder, 206 is the arm beam pitching oil cylinder, 207 is the leveling oil cylinder, 300 is the auxiliary support arm, 301 is the sliding frame, 302 is the supporting column, 303 is the sliding seat, 401 is The swing arm of the fixture, 402 is the pitching cylinder of the fixture, 403 is the lifting cylinder, 404 is the clamping groove, 405 is the clamping block, 406 is the clamping cylinder, 407 is the fixture head, 411 is the fixed frame, 412 is the swing frame, 413 is Fixed clamp head, 414 are movable clamp heads, 421 are bracket supports, 422 are lifting rods, and 423 are lifting oil cylinders.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1-8, a three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to the present invention includes a chassis 100, a main support arm 200 and a secondary support arm 300, wherein the chassis 100 is provided with a driver's cab 101 and a power system 102 and a control system 103, two cabs 101 are arranged on the chassis 100, and the two cabs 101 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the chassis 100, and control the walking in two directions respectively, and the cab at the rear controls the vehicle Walking facilitates the transition of the arch installation machine out of the hole, and by arranging the hydraulic system at the rear, the driving field of view at the rear is wide, and the comfort and safety are improved. The height of the front cab seat can be adjusted up and down to improve the vision when driving and facilitate the entry of the arch installation machine. Improve the driving comfort of personnel; the chassis 100 is a wheeled chassis, the weight distribution of the whole machine structure is uniform, the tires and axles are evenly stressed, the tires and the like have a long service life and good stability. The chassis adopts a tire-type chassis, which has good maneuverability, fast speed, fast transition speed, and low cost, and telescopic outriggers 104 are arranged at the bottom of the chassis 100; the main support arm 200 and the auxiliary support arm 300 are two-stage telescopic structures, and Driven by a telescopic cylinder.

The main support arm 200 is arranged in the middle of the front end of the chassis 100. The main support arm 200 can perform pitching and left-right rotation movements relative to the chassis. The main support arm is based on the horizontal line, and it can rotate 15°~25° downward and 50° upward ~70°. Specifically, a middle support 204 is pivotally connected between the main support arm 200 and the chassis 100, and a rotary oil cylinder 205 is arranged between the middle support 204 and the chassis 100. The middle support 204 and the main Both support arms 200 are provided with arm beam pitching oil cylinders 206; the two-stage telescopic structure of the main support arm 200 enables it to move telescopically along the length direction, and a turntable 201 is arranged at the front end of the main support arm 200, and on the turntable 201 A hanging basket 202 and an assembly jig head 203 are provided, and a self-balancing system is provided between the turntable and the main support arm. The main support arm can realize three actions of telescopic, pitching and swinging from side to side; the hanging basket and the assembly fixture head on the main support arm are used to grasp the various actions of the arch and the assembly arch, including horizontal rotation, vertical swing, and bowing. There are 5 actions including lifting the head and clamping. The self-balancing system is the leveling cylinder 207 installed between the turntable 201 and the corresponding main support arm 200. The leveling cylinder 207 and the arm beam that drives the main support arm are pitched. The oil cylinders are linked in parallel. When the jib pitching oil cylinders perform telescopic movements, the corresponding leveling oil cylinders synchronously extend and retract to keep the turntable in a horizontal state. S1 in Figure 5 shows the working range of the main support arm.

The auxiliary support arms 300 are two correspondingly arranged on both sides of the main support arm 200, a sliding frame 301 is arranged between the auxiliary supporting arms 300 and the chassis 100, and the auxiliary supporting arms 300 are matched and slidably arranged on the sliding frame 301, and the auxiliary The support arm 300 can move in pitch relative to the sliding frame 301, and the auxiliary support arm can rotate 15°~25° downwards and 50°~70° upwards based on the horizontal line. Specifically, the three-arm three-basket for the tunnel The steel arch installation machine adopts an upper and lower double-layer structure. A supporting column 302 is arranged between the sliding frame 301 and the chassis 100. A sliding seat 303 is provided for matching sliding on the sliding frame 301. The auxiliary support arm 300 is pivotally arranged on the sliding On the seat 303, and between the sliding seat 303 and the auxiliary support arm 300, an arm beam pitching oil cylinder 206 is arranged; the auxiliary support arm can also move telescopically along the length direction, and a turntable 201 is also arranged at the front end of the auxiliary support arm. The platform 201 is provided with a hanging basket 202 and an assembly fixture head 203, and a self-balancing system is arranged between the auxiliary support arm and the corresponding turntable, and the self-balancing system is set between the turntable 201 and the corresponding auxiliary support arm 300. Leveling oil cylinder 207, leveling oil cylinder 207 is linked in parallel with the boom pitching oil cylinder that drives the auxiliary support arm, when the boom pitching oil cylinder performs telescopic movement, the corresponding leveling oil cylinder telescopically moves synchronously, so that the turntable maintains a horizontal state, as shown in Figure 5 S2 in middle shows the working range of the auxiliary support arm.

The sliding frame in the present application is connected with the chassis through the supporting column, and the sliding frame and the auxiliary supporting arm constitute the upper structure, which can be disassembled and assembled as a whole, and is convenient for transportation. The upper auxiliary support arm and the assembled fixture head can slide forward and backward through the sliding frame. In the driving state, the auxiliary supporting arm slides to the rear through the sliding frame, and the auxiliary supporting arm is in a fully retracted state. The weight of the whole machine is evenly distributed, and the chassis Good force resistance and high driving stability. In the assembled state, the auxiliary support arm slides to the front side through the sliding frame and is located on the upper part of the chassis, which is more conducive to the assembly of the two-step arch frame, and the geological adaptability of the tunnel construction is stronger. The lower structure includes the chassis and the main support arm. The main support arm is arranged in the middle of the front end of the car body, and can swing left and right at a certain angle to realize the assembly and positioning of the arch frame. The chassis is equipped with front and rear telescopic outriggers, and the front telescopic outriggers can also expand and contract in the width direction of the car body. In the working state, the front and rear props are fully extended to increase the stability during work.

The control system in this embodiment includes a hydraulic control system and an electrical control system. The main support arm 200 adopts an electric proportional control valve for electric proportional control; , to achieve electric proportional control and micro-control, which is more conducive to the assembly of arches and the docking of bolt holes; its power system is a diesel-electric dual power system.

The assembly jig head in this embodiment has multiple structures. The assembly jig head on the main support arm and the assembly jig head structure on the auxiliary support arm adopt different or the same structure of the assembly jig head for different working conditions and functions. One of the structures of the assembled jig head in this embodiment is: the assembled jig head includes a jig swing arm 401 pivotally arranged on the turntable 201, a jig pitch cylinder 402 for driving the jig swing arm to pitch, The clamp head 407 at the end of the clamp swing arm, and the lifting oil cylinder 403 arranged between the clamp head and the clamp swing arm; the front end of the clamp head is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove 404, and there are A clamping block 405 and a clamping oil cylinder 406 for driving the clamping block.

The structure of the second type of assembled jig head is: the assembled jig head includes a fixed frame 411 fixedly arranged on the turntable 201, a swing frame 412 pivotally arranged on the fixed frame, a jig pitch cylinder 402 for driving the swing frame to pitch, The clamp head and the lifting cylinder 403 which are pivotally arranged at the end of the swing frame; and the clamping cylinder 405 between the movable clamp head; the lifting cylinder 403 is arranged between the fixed clamp head and the swing frame.

In this embodiment, the clamping block, the fixed clamp head, and the movable clamp head are all nylon or rubber blocks, which can effectively increase the clamping friction, and the assembled clamp head can achieve a rotation within the range of 100°~130° relative to the rotary table. Rotate to adjust.

In this embodiment, during the steel arch assembly process, in order to facilitate the operation and construction, an auxiliary assembly bracket can be provided on the turntable 201, and the auxiliary assembly bracket includes a bracket support 421, a pivot Connect the lifting rod 422 arranged on the bracket support and the lifting oil cylinder 423 arranged between the lifting rod and the bracket support.

Further, as shown in Figures 9-11, this application also discloses a tunnel steel arch construction method. The tunnel steel arch construction method is to use the steel arch of the above-mentioned three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels. The clamping and assembling method of the rack.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only the principles of the present invention. Variations and improvements, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels, characterized in that it comprises: Chassis, the chassis is provided with cab, power system and control system; The main support arm, the main support arm is arranged in the middle of the front end of the chassis, and the main support arm can perform pitching and left-right rotation movements relative to the chassis; A turntable is provided with a hanging basket and an assembly fixture head on the turntable, and a self-balancing system is arranged between the turntable and the main support arm; and the auxiliary support arm, the auxiliary support arms are two correspondingly arranged on both sides of the main support arm, a sliding frame is arranged between the auxiliary supporting arm and the chassis, and the auxiliary supporting arm is matched and slidably arranged on the sliding frame, And the sub-support arm can pitch relative to the sliding frame; the sub-support arm can move telescopically along the length direction, and a turntable is arranged at the front end of the sub-support arm, and a hanging basket and an assembly fixture head are arranged on the turntable , a self-balancing system is provided between the secondary support arm and the corresponding turntable; The self-balancing system keeps the turntable in a horizontal state all the time. 2. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, a middle support is pivotally connected between the main support arm and the chassis, and the distance between the middle support and the chassis is There are rotary oil cylinders between them, and arm beam pitching oil cylinders between the middle support and the main support arm. 3. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, the three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels is an upper and lower double-layer structure, and the sliding frame and A support column is set between the chassis, and a sliding seat is matched and slidably arranged on the sliding frame, and the auxiliary support arm is pivotally arranged on the sliding seat, and an arm beam pitching oil cylinder is arranged between the sliding seat and the auxiliary supporting arm . 4. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the control system includes a hydraulic control system and an electrical control system, and the main support arm adopts an electric proportional control valve for electric control. Proportional control; the auxiliary support arm and the assembly fixture head are both controlled by electric proportional control valves and flow valves to realize electric proportional control and inching control; the power system is a diesel-electric dual power system. 5. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the self-balancing system is a leveling system installed between the turntable and the corresponding main support arm or auxiliary support arm. Oil cylinder, the leveling oil cylinder is linked in parallel with the arm beam pitching oil cylinder that drives the main support arm or the auxiliary support arm to pitch. When the arm beam pitching oil cylinder performs telescopic movement, the corresponding leveling oil cylinder synchronously telescopically moves, so that the turntable remains horizontal state. 6. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that two cabs are arranged on the chassis, and the two cabs are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the chassis , and control the walking in two directions respectively; the chassis is a wheeled chassis, and telescopic outriggers are arranged at the bottom of the chassis; the main support arm and the auxiliary support arm are two-stage telescopic structures, and are driven by telescopic oil cylinders. 7. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the assembly jig head includes a jig swing arm pivotally arranged on the turntable, and a device for driving the jig swing arm to pitch. The jig pitch cylinder, the jig head pivotally arranged at the end of the jig swing arm, and the head-up cylinder set between the jig head and the jig swing arm; the front end of the jig head is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove. A clamping block and a clamping oil cylinder for driving the clamping block are arranged on both sides of the groove. 8. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the assembly jig head includes a fixed frame fixed on the turntable, and a swinging frame pivotally arranged on the fixed frame. Frame, the jig pitching cylinder that drives the swing frame to pitch, the jig head and head oil cylinder that are pivotally arranged at the end of the swing frame; the jig head includes a fixed jig head that is pivotally arranged The upper movable clamp head and the clamping cylinder arranged between the fixed clamp head and the movable clamp head; the lifting cylinder is arranged between the fixed clamp head and the swing frame. 9. The three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary assembly bracket is provided on the turntable, and the auxiliary assembly bracket includes a The bracket support, the lifting rod pivotally arranged on the bracket support and the lifting oil cylinder arranged between the lifting rod and the bracket support. 10. A tunnel steel arch construction method, characterized in that: said tunnel steel arch construction method is to use the steel arch of the three-arm three-basket steel arch installation machine for tunnels according to any one of claims 1-9 The clamping and assembling method.