CN107585016A - A kind of four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system for configuring open winding electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with an open-winding motor. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current four-wheel drive hybrid power system with complex power split configuration structure and difficult control, a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system equipped with an open-winding motor The power combination system includes a front axle drive part and a rear axle drive part; the front axle drive part includes a planetary gear mechanism, a torque coupling transmission shaft, an engine drive shaft and an engine clutch; the rear axle drive part includes a rear axle drive gear (30); the engine transmission One end of the shaft is connected to the output shaft of the engine by a flange, the other end of the engine transmission shaft is connected to the active part of the clutch by a spline pair, and the torque coupling transmission shaft is connected to the second motor of the front axle through a flange coupling. The planetary gear mechanism is sleeved on the output shaft of the first motor of the front axle, and the planetary carrier in the planetary gear mechanism is connected with the front drive axle through gear meshing; the transmission gear of the rear axle is connected with the rear drive axle through gear meshing.

Description

A hybrid power system for a four-wheel drive vehicle with an open-winding motor

technical field

The invention relates to a vehicle hybrid system equipped with an open-winding motor, more precisely, the invention relates to a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system equipped with an open-winding motor.

Background technique

With the continuous consumption of non-renewable fuels, the gradual warming of the global climate and the intensification of environmental pollution in recent years, hybrid vehicles, as one of the important product forms of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, have received widespread attention and application. With the increasing popularization of hybrid vehicles and the continuous improvement of people's comprehensive performance requirements for vehicle power, economy, passability, and comfort, four-wheel drive hybrid vehicles, especially four-wheel drive hybrid sports utility vehicles, are becoming more and more popular. increasingly favored by the market. In general, the reserve power of traditional fuel four-wheel drive vehicles is usually high, and the fuel consumption and emissions in urban working conditions are not ideal; in addition, since the power of the front and rear axles all comes from the engine, the power distribution of the front and rear axles often adopts a fixed ratio distribution method. It cannot be flexibly adapted to various working conditions. The four-wheel drive hybrid system configuration can effectively avoid the above problems. On the one hand, it has the economic advantages of hybrid vehicles, and on the other hand, it can flexibly distribute the torque of the front and rear axles. In terms of performance, it has certain advantages.

In addition, in terms of vehicle motors, with the continuous development and application of new energy vehicle technology, vehicle motors have gradually developed from being replaced by industrial motors to vehicle-specific motors designed for permanent magnetization, high speed, high efficiency, and miniaturization. To meet the requirements of vehicle working conditions and operating environment. The traditional motor system generally adopts the form of a single motor and a single inverter, and its external characteristics are summarized as low-speed high-torque and high-speed constant power, which is more in line with the driving force requirements of the vehicle. However, in order to take into account the two dynamic indicators of the vehicle's maximum gradient and maximum speed, it is often necessary to be equipped with a two-speed transmission to better meet the requirements. And a new type of winding variable motor system technology adopts a single motor and double inverter system, which can realize the transformation of the external characteristics of the motor and the movement of the high-efficiency zone by changing the winding connection mode. Therefore, applying it to the vehicle power system, on the one hand, helps to meet the power requirements of the vehicle, replacing the two-speed transmission; on the other hand, it helps to improve the economy of the vehicle.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the current four-wheel-drive hybrid power system with complex power split configuration and difficult control, and to provide a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid power system equipped with an open-winding motor.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions: the hybrid power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with an open-winding motor includes a front axle drive part and a rear axle drive part;

The front axle driving part includes a planetary gear mechanism, a torque coupling transmission shaft, an engine transmission shaft and an engine clutch;

The rear axle driving part includes a rear axle transmission gear;

One end of the engine transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the engine by a flange, the other end of the engine transmission shaft is connected to the active part of the clutch by a spline pair, and the torque coupling transmission shaft is connected to the first front shaft through a flange coupling. The two motors are connected, and the planetary gear mechanism is set on the output shaft of the first motor of the front axle. The planet carrier in the planetary gear mechanism is connected to the front drive axle through gear meshing; the transmission gear of the rear axle is connected to the rear drive axle through gear meshing. .

The front axle driving part described in the technical solution also includes the engine shaft transmission gear, the second gear of the speed coupling shaft, the speed coupling transmission shaft, the speed coupling shaft clutch, the first gear of the speed coupling shaft, the second gear of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling Shaft first gear, torque coupling shaft clutch and ring gear transmission gear; said torque coupling shaft second gear, torque coupling shaft first gear and driving disc of torque coupling shaft clutch are installed on the torque coupling shaft clutch from left to right On the coupling transmission shaft, the second gear of the torque coupling shaft and the first gear of the torque coupling shaft cooperate with the inner splines on the drive disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch and the outer splines on the torque coupling transmission shaft and adopt the snap ring The axial limit is fixedly connected, the driving disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch is located at the right end of the torque coupling transmission shaft, the driven disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch is installed at the left end of the output shaft of the first motor of the front axle, and the torque coupling transmission shaft and The axis of rotation of the output shaft of the first motor of the front axle is collinear; the axis of rotation of the torque coupling transmission shaft is parallel to the axis of rotation of the engine transmission shaft.

The driving disc and the driven disc of the speed coupling shaft clutch are connected with the speed coupling transmission shaft through a spline pair, and the right and left ends of the speed coupling transmission shaft are respectively connected with the first gear of the speed coupling shaft and the second gear of the speed coupling shaft. The gears are connected, the speed coupling transmission shaft and the speed coupling shaft The first gear and the speed coupling shaft second gear are fixedly connected by the cooperation of internal and external splines and the axial limit of the snap ring, the speed coupling transmission shaft and the torque coupling transmission The shafts are parallel, the ring gear transmission gear is set in the center of the planetary gear ring gear in the planetary gear mechanism, the ring gear transmission gear is meshed with the first gear of the speed coupling shaft, and the second gear of the speed coupling shaft is connected with the first torque coupling shaft The gear meshing connection; the driven disc of the engine clutch is connected with the engine shaft transmission gear through the spline shaft, and the engine shaft transmission gear is meshing connection with the second gear of the torque coupling shaft.

The planetary gear mechanism described in the technical solution also includes a planetary ring gear, 4 planetary planetary gears with the same structure, a planetary sun gear and a locking mechanism; the planetary sun gear is located at the center of the planetary ring gear , 4 planetary planetary gears with the same structure are located between the planetary ring gear and the planetary sun gear, the inner gear teeth of the 4 planetary planetary gears with the same structure are meshed with the planetary sun gear, and the 4 planetary gears with the same structure The outer gear teeth of the planetary gear are meshed with the planetary ring gear, and the 4 planetary planetary gears with the same structure are installed on the planetary planetary carrier through the central shaft, so that the locking mechanism for the planetary gear ring to stop rotating is installed. outside of the ring gear.

The rear axle driving part described in the technical solution also includes the transmission gear of the rear axle motor output shaft, the output shaft of the rear axle motor, the rear axle drive shaft and the variable winding motor of the rear axle; the output shaft of the variable winding motor of the rear axle and the One end of the output shaft of the rear axle motor is connected by a flange coupling. The variable winding motor of the rear axle is in line with the rotation axis of the output shaft of the rear axle motor. The transmission gear of the output shaft of the rear axle motor is installed on the output shaft of the rear axle motor. The transmission gear of the output shaft of the rear axle motor is closely matched with the external spline of the output shaft of the rear axle motor through the inner spline hole on it, and the axial limit of the snap ring is used to form a fixed connection. The transmission gear of the output shaft of the rear axle motor and the rear axle The rear axle transmission gear on the transmission shaft is meshed, and the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rear axle transmission shaft.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. According to the present invention, a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor is controlled by three clutches and the locking mechanism of the planetary gear, and the dual motors can realize both torque coupling and rotational speed coupling; thus it can Under the premise of maintaining high efficiency, the system can flexibly respond to various working conditions with different torque requirements at different speeds, effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of the motor at high speed, and at the same time make the motor miniaturized.

2. A four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention solves the speed difference when the power source is connected to the sun gear and to the ring gear by setting different transmission ratios during torque coupling and speed coupling The problem of being too large makes the power source always work near the high-efficiency area.

3. A four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention adopts a simple single-row planetary gear mechanism and three clutches, and uses a variable-winding motor to drive the rear axle; therefore, compared with other power The structure of the four-wheel drive hybrid power system in the split configuration is relatively simple, and the difficulty of control is correspondingly reduced, and the power distribution ratio of the front and rear axles can be continuously changed.

4. The hybrid power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with an open-winding motor according to the present invention uses a variable-winding motor to replace the traditional transmission, making it easier for the vehicle to reach the high-efficiency zone; The motor is not easy to wear and has stronger durability, and the driver's shifting operation is also eliminated.

5. The hybrid power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention can realize the pure electric drive mode of the front axle, the pure electric drive mode of the rear axle, the pure electric drive mode of the four-wheel drive, and the speed coupling drive of the double motors of the front axle Mode, ground torque coupling, front axle dual motor speed coupling driving mode, front axle engine and motor speed coupling driving mode, ground torque coupling, front axle engine and motor speed coupling driving mode, front axle dual motor torque coupling driving mode, ground torque Coupling, front axle dual motor torque coupling drive mode, front axle engine and motor torque coupling drive mode, ground torque coupling, front axle engine and motor torque coupling drive mode, front axle engine individual drive mode, ground torque coupling, front axle engine alone Drive mode, series drive mode, ground torque coupling, series drive mode, parking charging mode and multiple working modes.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid power system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front axle pure electric drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rear axle pure electric drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a four-wheel drive pure electric drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front-axle dual-motor speed coupling drive mode of a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of ground torque coupling and front axle double motor speed coupling driving mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the coupled driving mode of the front axle engine and the motor speed of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of ground torque coupling, front axle engine and motor rotational speed coupling driving mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a front axle dual motor torque coupling drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of ground torque coupling and front axle double motor torque coupling driving mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a front axle engine and motor torque coupling drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of ground torque coupling, front axle engine and motor torque coupling driving mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the independent drive mode of the front axle engine of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention, with ground torque coupling and front-axle engine independent drive mode;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a series drive mode of a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of ground torque coupling and series drive mode of a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a parking charging mode of a hybrid power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention;

18 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a variable winding motor in a four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open winding motor according to the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Four-wheel drive hybrid power system, 2. Engine, 3. First motor of front axle, 4. Second motor of front axle, 5. Variable winding motor of rear axle, 6. Planetary gear mechanism, 7. Front drive Axle, 8. Front wheel, 9. Front half shaft, 10. Torque coupling transmission shaft, 11. Speed coupling transmission shaft, 12. Engine transmission shaft, 13. Rear axle motor output shaft, 14. Rear axle transmission shaft, 15. Planetary Sun gear, 16. planetary planetary gear, 17. planetary planetary carrier, 18. planetary ring gear, 19. locking mechanism, 20. ring gear transmission gear, 21. torque coupling shaft clutch, 22. torque coupling shaft First gear, 23. Torque coupling shaft second gear, 24. Speed coupling shaft clutch, 25. Speed coupling shaft first gear, 26. Speed coupling shaft second gear, 27. Engine clutch, 28. Engine shaft transmission gear, 29. Rear axle motor output shaft drive gear, 30. Rear axle drive gear, 31. First DC power supply, 32. First relay switch, 33. First capacitor, 34. First voltage sensor, 35. First inverter Transformer, 36. electronic switch group, 37. open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, 38. torque sensor, 39. second current sensor, 40. second inverter, 41. second voltage sensor, 42. second Capacitor, 43. second relay switch, 44. second DC power supply, 45. motor controller, 46. rear drive axle, 47. rear wheel, 48. rear axle shaft.

detailed description

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Referring to FIG. 1 , a four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system 1 configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention includes a front axle drive part and a rear axle drive part.

The front axle driving part includes engine transmission shaft 12, engine clutch 27, engine shaft transmission gear 28, speed coupling shaft second gear 26, speed coupling transmission shaft 11, speed coupling shaft clutch 24, speed coupling shaft first gear 25 , the torque coupling shaft second gear 23, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, the torque coupling shaft first gear 22, the torque coupling shaft clutch 21, the ring gear transmission gear 20 and the planetary gear mechanism 6; wherein: the planetary gear mechanism 6 includes Planetary gear ring gear 18, planetary planetary gear 16, planetary planetary carrier 17, planetary sun gear 15, locking mechanism 19;

The described rear axle driving part comprises rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 , rear axle transmission gear 30 , rear axle motor output shaft 13 , rear axle transmission shaft 14 , and rear axle variable winding motor 5 .

The flywheel of the engine 2 is fixedly connected with the active part of the clutch 27; the output shaft of the first motor 3 of the front axle is processed with two external splines, and the tight fit of the internal and external splines and the axial limit of the snap ring are respectively connected with the The sun gear 15 is connected with the driven disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch 21; the second motor 4 of the front axle is connected with the torque coupling transmission shaft 10 through a flange coupling; the torque coupling transmission shaft 10 is processed with three external splines, The tight fit of the key and the axial limit of the snap ring are fixedly connected with the driving disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch 21, the first gear 22 of the torque coupling shaft, and the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft; the rear axle variable winding motor 5 and the rear axle The motor output shaft 13 is connected through a flange coupling; the rear axle motor output shaft 13 is processed with an external spline, through the tight connection between the external spline of the rear axle motor output shaft 13 and the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 Cooperate with the axial limit of the snap ring to connect the two, the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 meshes with the rear axle transmission gear 30 on the rear axle transmission shaft 14, and the rear axle transmission gear 30 and the rear drive axle through the gear Mesh connection.

The planetary gear mechanism 6 is sleeved on the output shaft of the first motor 3 of the front axle, the planetary carrier 17 in the planetary gear mechanism 6 is connected with the front front drive axle 7 through gear meshing, and the planetary ring gear 18 is connected with the ring gear transmission gear 20 is made as a whole, and is meshed with the first gear 25 of the speed coupling shaft on the speed coupling transmission shaft 11, and the planetary gear ring gear 18 can be fixed by the locking mechanism 19 through a shift fork; the locking mechanism 19 can make the planetary gear gear gear gear 18 brakes for stopping rotation or other brake units with the same function, such as wet multi-plate brakes or band brakes commonly used in automatic transmissions; when the locking mechanism 19 is closed, the engine 2 or the second motor 4 of the front axle and the The first motor 3 of the front axle is torque-coupled; when the locking mechanism 19 is released, the engine 2 or the second motor 4 of the front axle is coupled with the first motor 3 of the front axle in rotational speed.

The driving disc of the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 is connected with the torque coupling transmission shaft 10 through internal and external splines, and the driven disc is connected with the output shaft of the first motor 3 of the front axle through internal and external splines; the active part of the engine clutch 27 is connected with the engine 2. The flywheel is fixedly connected, and the driven disc is connected with the engine shaft transmission gear 28 through a spline shaft.

The driving disc of the speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is fixedly connected with the first gear 25 of the speed coupling shaft through screws, the driven disc is connected with the speed coupling transmission shaft 11 through inner and outer splines, and the speed coupling transmission shaft 11 is connected with the speed coupling transmission shaft through inner and outer splines. The second gear 26 of the speed coupling shaft is tightly fitted and connected with the axial limit of the snap ring, wherein the first gear 25 of the speed coupling shaft meshes with the ring gear transmission gear 20, and the second gear 26 of the speed coupling shaft and the first gear of the torque coupling shaft 22 are meshed.

The torque coupling transmission shaft 10 is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 4 of the front axle through a flange coupling, and the torque coupling transmission shaft 10 is coupled to the torque coupling shaft through the tight fit of the internal and external splines and the axial limit of the snap ring. The first gear 22 is fixedly connected with the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, wherein the first gear 22 of the torque coupling shaft meshes with the second gear 26 of the rotational speed coupling shaft, and the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft meshes with the engine shaft transmission gear 28 .

The rear axle variable winding motor 5 mainly includes an open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor 37 , a first inverter 35 , a second inverter 40 , an electronic switch group 36 and a motor controller 45 . Among them, the first DC power supply 31, the first relay switch 32, the first capacitor 33, the first voltage sensor 34, the first inverter 35, the second current sensor 39, the second inverter 40, the second voltage sensor 41. The second capacitor 42, the second relay switch 43, and the second DC power supply 44 respectively constitute two groups of power supply, filtering and driving circuits; the electronic switch group 7 can change the winding form of the open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor 37 by closing or opening , It is equivalent to a "Y" type connection when it is closed, and it is equivalent to a "Δ" type connection when it is opened.

The working principle of the four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid power system configured with an open-winding motor:

In the case of pure electric drive, the power sources include a first motor 3 for the front axle, a second motor 4 for the front axle and a variable winding motor 5 for the rear axle. When the front axle is driven alone, the power coupling relationship between the first motor 3 of the front axle and the second motor 4 of the front axle has two kinds of torque coupling and rotational speed coupling; Can be divided into two stalls.

When the locking mechanism 19 was closed, the power coupling relationship between the first motor 3 of the front axle and the second motor 4 of the front axle of the two power sources at the front drive axle 7 was torque coupling; when the locking mechanism 19 was released, the above two power The dynamic coupling relationship of the source is speed coupling; the power flow transfer paths of the two different coupling relationships are not the same. According to the kinematics characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism 6, when the rotational speed of the planetary planet carrier 17 changes, the speed ratio between the rotational speed of the planetary ring gear 18 and the planetary sun gear 15 also changes accordingly. Therefore, by setting two power flow transmission The path is conducive to keeping the working point of the second electric motor 4 of the front axle in its high-efficiency zone.

The rear axle variable winding motor 5 can participate in driving in good time. When there is a demand for four-wheel drive or a large power demand, the vehicle controller controls the rear axle variable winding motor 5 to enable and output drive torque. When the required torque is large, the electronic switch group 7 is closed, and a "Y" connection is adopted; when the rotational speed is high, the electronic switch group 7 is opened, and a "Δ" connection is adopted. Since the "Y" type connection and "Δ" type connection have relatively large peak torque and wide speed range, they can simulate the driving effect of a single motor with a two-speed reducer, which helps to simplify the structure and reduce the cost.

In the case of hybrid driving, the power source includes an engine 2 , a first motor 3 on the front axle, a second motor 4 on the front axle and a variable winding motor 5 . In the case of single-axis drive, the power coupling relationship between the engine 2 and the first motor 3 of the front axle has two types: torque coupling and speed coupling; stalls.

When the locking mechanism 19 is closed, the first motor 3 of the front axle is used as an auxiliary power source to help the engine 2 perform torque decoupling; while the second motor 4 of the front axle is idling. When the locking mechanism 19 is released, the second motor 4 of the front axle acts as an auxiliary power source to help the engine 2 perform torque decoupling; while the first motor 3 of the front axle helps the engine 2 to decouple the speed; The path realizes different transmission ratios in the two coupling relationships, which is beneficial to keep the working points of the engine 2 and the second motor 4 of the front axle in their respective high-efficiency zones.

The working principle and power transmission path of the hybrid power system for four-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention will be further described below in combination with specific working modes.

Front axle pure electric drive mode

Referring to FIG. 2 , the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18 , and the ring gear 18 is in a static state. All three clutches are disengaged.

The engine 2, the second motor 4 of the front axle, and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle all do not work, and the first motor 3 of the front axle drives the sun gear 15 to rotate; under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, the power is transmitted to the Front drive axle.

Rear axle pure electric drive mode

Referring to Fig. 3, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, and the three clutches are all in a disengaged state.

Engine 2, front axle first motor 3, front axle second motor 4 all do not work, rear axle variable winding motor 5 is delivered to rear drive axle by rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and rear axle transmission gear 30. The rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 and can realize the power transmission of two driving gears.

Four-wheel drive pure electric drive mode

Referring to Fig. 4, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, and the ring gear 18 is in a static state. All three clutches are disengaged.

The engine 2 and the second motor 4 of the front axle are not working, and the first motor 3 of the front axle and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle are jointly driven, and a part of the power is transmitted to the front drive axle along the sun gear 15 and the planet carrier 17 respectively; The rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30 are transmitted to the rear drive axle to realize the ground coupling of the driving force and drive the vehicle to run.

Front axle dual motor speed coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 5, the locking mechanism 19 is released, the ring gear 18 is released to rotate freely, the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in the engaged state, and the other two clutches are in the disengaged state.

The engine 2 and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle are not working, and the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through the second electric motor 4 of the front axle and the first electric motor 3 of the front axle, and the mechanical energy converted by the second electric motor 4 of the front axle is coupled through the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, the torque The first gear 22 of the coupling shaft, the second gear 26 of the speed coupling shaft, the speed coupling transmission shaft 11, the speed coupling shaft clutch 24, the first gear 25 of the speed coupling shaft, and the ring gear transmission gear 20 reach the ring gear 18 of the planetary gear mechanism 6, The mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted by the other path mentioned above through the planetary gear mechanism 6 . Due to the power output, the planet carrier 17 rotates.

Ground torque coupling, front axle dual motor speed coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 6, the locking mechanism 19 is released, the ring gear 18 is released to rotate freely, the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in the engaged state, and the other two clutches are in the disengaged state.

When the engine 2 is not working, electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through the first motor 3 of the front axle, the second motor 4 of the front axle, and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle. Shaft first gear 22, speed coupling shaft second gear 26, speed coupling transmission shaft 11, speed coupling shaft clutch 24, speed coupling shaft first gear 25, ring gear transmission gear 20 reach ring gear 18 of planetary gear mechanism 6, front The mechanical energy transformed by the shaft first motor 3 is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is rotationally coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted through the other path mentioned above through the planetary gear mechanism 6 , and the power is transmitted to the front drive axle through the planetary carrier 17 . The mechanical energy converted by the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30 . The rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 and can realize the power transmission of two driving gears. Power from the front drive axle is ground torque coupled to power from the rear drive axle.

Front axle engine and motor speed coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 7, the locking mechanism 19 is released, the ring gear 18 is released to make it rotate freely, the engine clutch 27 and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 are all in the engaged state, and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 is in the disengaged state.

The second motor 4 of the front axle and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle all do not work, and the engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy of its output passes through the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, and the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft. , torque coupling transmission shaft 10, torque coupling shaft first gear 22, speed coupling shaft second gear 26, speed coupling transmission shaft 11, speed coupling shaft clutch 24, speed coupling shaft first gear 25, ring gear transmission gear 20 to the planet The ring gear 18 of the gear mechanism 6 . The mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted by the other path mentioned above through the planetary gear mechanism 6 . Due to the power output, the planet carrier 17 rotates.

Ground torque coupling, front axle engine and motor speed coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 8, the locking mechanism 19 is released, the ring gear 18 is released to make it rotate freely, the engine clutch 27 and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 are all in the engaged state, and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 is in the disengaged state.

The second motor 4 of the front axle does not work, and the engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy of its output passes through the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, the torque coupling The shaft first gear 22 , the speed coupling shaft second gear 26 , the speed coupling transmission shaft 11 , the speed coupling shaft clutch 24 , the speed coupling shaft first gear 25 , and the ring gear transmission gear 20 reach the ring gear 18 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 . The mechanical energy transformed by the first electric motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted through the aforementioned path through the planetary gear mechanism 6 , and the power is transmitted to the front drive axle through the planetary carrier 17 . The mechanical energy transformed by the electric energy through the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30 . The rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by the electronic switch group 37 and can realize the power transmission of two driving gears; the power of the front drive axle and the power of the rear drive axle are ground torque coupled.

Front axle dual motor torque coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 9, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, and the ring gear 18 is in a static state; the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 is in an engaged state, and the other two clutches are in a disengaged state.

The engine 2 and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle are not working, and the second motor 4 of the front axle and the first motor 3 of the front axle are jointly driven; 21 reaches the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6, and the mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and torque-coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted by the aforementioned path. Under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, power is transmitted to the front drive axle via the planet carrier 17 .

Ground torque coupling, front axle dual motor torque coupling drive mode

Referring to FIG. 10 , the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18 , the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 is in an engaged state, and the other two clutches are in a disengaged state.

When the engine 2 is not working, electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through the first motor 3 of the front axle, the second motor 4 of the front axle, and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle; The shaft clutch 21 reaches the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6, and the mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is torque-coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted from the aforementioned path; Under the condition of stopping, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle through the planetary carrier 17. The mechanical energy converted by the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30; the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 to realize two drive gears The power transmission of the position; the power of the front drive axle and the power of the rear drive axle are ground torque coupled.

Front axle engine and electric motor torque coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 11, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine clutch 27 and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 are both in an engaged state, and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in a disengaged state.

The second motor 4 of the front axle and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle all do not work, and the engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy of its output passes through the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, and the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft. , the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 reach the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6; the mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is combined with the mechanical energy transmitted by the aforementioned path Perform torque coupling; under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, power is transmitted to the front drive axle via the planet carrier 17 .

Ground torque coupling, front axle engine and electric motor torque coupling drive mode

Referring to Fig. 12, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine clutch 27 and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 are both in an engaged state, and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in a disengaged state.

The second motor 4 of the front axle does not work, and the engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy of its output passes through the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, the torque coupling The shaft clutch 21 reaches the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6; the mechanical energy converted by the first motor 3 of the front axle is directly transmitted to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 and is torque-coupled with the mechanical energy transmitted from the aforementioned path; Under the condition of stopping, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle through the planetary carrier 17. The mechanical energy converted by the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30; the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 to realize two drive gears The power transmission of the position; the power of the front drive axle and the power of the rear drive axle are ground torque coupled.

Front axle engine independent drive mode

Referring to Fig. 13, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine clutch 27 and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 are in an engaged state, and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in a disengaged state.

The first motor of the front axle, the second motor 4 of the front axle, and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle all do not work. The second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 reach the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6, and under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle 7 via the planet carrier 17 .

Ground torque coupling, front axle engine independent drive mode

Referring to Fig. 14, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine clutch 27 and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 are in an engaged state, and the rotational speed coupling shaft clutch 24 is in a disengaged state.

The first motor of the front axle, the second motor of the front axle 4 do not work, the engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy output by the engine 2 passes through the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, and the torque The coupling transmission shaft 10 and the torque coupling shaft clutch 21 reach the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 6 , and under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle through the planet carrier 17 . The mechanical energy converted by the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30; the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 to realize two drive gears The power transmission of the position; the power of the front drive axle and the power of the rear drive axle are ground torque coupled.

series drive mode

Referring to Fig. 15, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine shaft clutch 27 is in an engaged state, and the other two clutches are in a disengaged state.

Rear axle variable winding motor 5 does not work, engine 2 works, and mechanical energy transmission path is engine transmission shaft 12, engine shaft clutch 27, engine shaft transmission gear 28, torque coupling shaft second gear 23, torque coupling transmission shaft 10, front axle The second motor 4. The second motor 4 of the front axle works in the power generation state, converts the mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy and transmits it to the first motor 3 of the front axle, and the first motor 3 of the front axle converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy and then directly transmits it to the sun of the planetary gear mechanism 6 wheel 15; under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle via the planet carrier 17.

Ground Torque Coupled, Series Drive Mode

Referring to Fig. 16, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine shaft clutch 27 is in an engaged state, and the other two clutches are in a disengaged state.

The engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy transmission path is the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, and the second motor 4 of the front axle. The second motor 4 of the front axle works in the power generation state, converts the mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy and transmits it to the first motor 3 of the front axle, and the first motor 3 of the front axle converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy and then directly transmits it to the sun of the planetary gear mechanism 6 wheel 15; under the condition that the ring gear 18 is locked, the power is transmitted to the front drive axle via the planet carrier 17. The mechanical energy converted by the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the rear axle motor output shaft transmission gear 29 and the rear axle transmission gear 30; the rear axle variable winding motor 5 is controlled by an electronic switch group 37 to realize two drive gears The power transmission of the position; the power of the front drive axle and the power of the rear drive axle are ground torque coupled.

Parking Charge Mode

Referring to Fig. 17, the locking mechanism 19 locks the ring gear 18, the ring gear 18 is in a static state, the engine shaft clutch 27 is engaged, and the other two clutches are in a disengaged state.

The engine 2 works, and the mechanical energy transmission path is the engine transmission shaft 12, the engine shaft clutch 27, the engine shaft transmission gear 28, the second gear 23 of the torque coupling shaft, the torque coupling transmission shaft 10, and the second motor 4 of the front axle. The second electric motor 4 of the front axle works in the state of generating electricity, and converts mechanical energy into electric energy.

The first motor 3 of the front axle and the variable winding motor 5 of the rear axle do not work, and the sun gear 15 is static, and because there is no power output, the planetary carrier 17 is static, and the vehicle stays still.

Next, the effects of the present invention will be described.

1. Through the control of the three clutches and the locking mechanism 19 of the planetary gear, the dual motors can achieve both torque coupling and speed coupling; thus, a hybrid system of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with an open-winding motor can maintain high efficiency Under the premise of flexibly responding to various working conditions with different torque requirements at different speeds, it effectively solves the problem of low efficiency of the motor at high speed, and at the same time makes the motor miniaturized.

2. By setting different transmission ratios during torque coupling and speed coupling, the problem of excessive speed difference when the power source is connected to the sun gear and the ring gear is solved, so that the power source always works near the high-efficiency area.

3. Due to the adoption of a simple single-row planetary gear mechanism and three clutches, and the use of a rear axle variable winding motor 5 to drive the rear axle; thus compared with four-wheel drive hybrid power systems of other power split configurations, the present invention A four-wheel drive vehicle hybrid system with an open-winding motor has a relatively simple structure, and the control difficulty is correspondingly reduced, and the power distribution ratio of the front and rear axles can be continuously changed.

4. The rear axle variable winding motor 5 replaces the traditional transmission, making it easier for the vehicle to reach the high-efficiency zone; compared with the mechanical shifting method, the motor is not easy to wear and has stronger durability, and it also eliminates the need for driving. operator's shift operation.

5. A four-wheel-drive vehicle hybrid system configured with an open-winding motor according to the present invention can realize parking charging, braking energy recovery, single-motor pure electric drive, dual-motor torque-coupled drive, dual-motor speed-coupled drive, and independent engine Drive, engine and motor torque coupling drive, engine and motor speed coupling drive, series drive and other working modes eliminate the fuel consumption of the engine at idle speed and ensure that the engine works in a high-efficiency zone, thereby improving the fuel economy of the vehicle.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention is described above with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any skilled person familiar with this profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the technical content disclosed above to make partial changes or modifications to become equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes; but if it does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, Any simple modifications, modifications and equivalent transformations made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system for configuring open winding electric machine, it is characterised in that a kind of described configuration is opened Putting the four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system (1) of winding electric machine includes front axle drive part and rear axle drive part；

Described front axle drive part includes planetary gears (6), torque couple power transmission shaft (10), engine driveshaft (12) With engine clutch (27)；

Described rear axle drive part includes rear axle drive gear (30)；

One end of described engine driveshaft (12) is connected with the output shaft of engine (2) using ring flange, driving engine The other end of axle (12) is connected with the active part of clutch (27) using spline pair, and torque couple power transmission shaft (10) passes through flange Shaft coupling is connected with the motor of front axle second (4), and planetary gears (6) is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor of front axle first (3), Planet row planet carrier (17) in planetary gears (6) engages connection with front driving axle (7) by gear；Rear axle drive gear (30) connection is engaged by gear with rear driving axle (46).

2. opening the four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system of winding electric machine according to a kind of configuration described in claim 1, its feature exists In described front axle drive part also includes engine shaft travelling gear (28), rotating speed coupling axle second gear (26), rotating speed coupling Close power transmission shaft (11), rotating speed coupling shaft clutch (24), rotating speed coupling axle first gear (25), torque couple axle second gear (23), torque couple axle first gear (22), torque couple shaft clutch (21) and gear ring travelling gear (20)；

Described torque coupling axle second gear (23), torque coupling axle first gear (22) and torque coupling shaft clutch (21) Driving disc spacing pressing from left to right be arranged on torque couple power transmission shaft (10) on, torque coupling axle second gear (23), torque coupling On internal spline and torque couple power transmission shaft (10) on the driving disc spacing pressing of axle first gear (22) and torque coupling shaft clutch (21) External splines with merging the axial limiting using snap ring into being fixedly connected, the driving disc spacing pressing of torque coupling shaft clutch (21) is positioned at turning round The right-hand member of square coupled drive axle (10), the clutch plate of torque coupling shaft clutch (21) export installed in the motor of front axle first (3) The left end of axle, the rotation conllinear of torque couple power transmission shaft (10) and the motor of front axle first (3) output shaft；Torque couple is driven Axle (10) is parallel with the axis of rotation of engine driveshaft (12)；

The driving disc spacing pressing of described rotating speed coupling shaft clutch (24) passes through spline pair and rotating speed coupled drive axle (11) with clutch plate It is connected, right, the left both ends of rotating speed coupled drive axle (11) couple with rotating speed coupling axle first gear (25) with rotating speed respectively Axle second gear (26) is connected, and rotating speed coupled drive axle (11) and rotating speed coupling axle first gear (25) couple axle the with rotating speed Achieved a fixed connection between two gears (26) using the cooperation of interior external splines and the axial limiting of snap ring, rotating speed coupled drive axle (11) parallel with torque couple power transmission shaft (10), gear ring travelling gear (20) is sleeved on the planet in planetary gears (6) At the center of toothrow circle (18), gear ring travelling gear (20) engages connection, rotating speed coupling with rotating speed coupling axle first gear (25) Axle second gear (26) engages connection with torque coupling axle first gear (22)；The clutch plate of engine clutch (27) passes through flower Key axle is connected with engine shaft travelling gear (28), and engine shaft travelling gear (28) is nibbled with torque couple axle second gear (23) Close connection.

3. opening the four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system of winding electric machine according to a kind of configuration described in claim 2, its feature exists Also include planet row gear ring (18), 4 structure identical planet row planetary gears (16), OK in, described planetary gears (6) Star row's sun gear (15) and lockable mechanism (19)；

Described planet row sun gear (15) is located at the center of planet row gear ring (18), 4 structure identical planet rows of planetary Wheel (16) is located between star toothrow circle (18) and planet row sun gear (15), 4 structure identical planet row planetary gears (16) The inner side gear teeth engage connection with planet row sun gear (15), the outside gear teeth of 4 structure identical planet row planetary gears (16) with Planet row gear ring (18) internal messing connects, and 4 structure identical planet row planetary gears (16) are arranged on planet row by central shaft On planet carrier (17) so that outside lockable mechanism (19) the installation planet row gear ring (18) that planet row gear ring (18) stops the rotation Side.

4. opening the four-wheel drive cars hybrid power system of winding electric machine according to a kind of configuration described in claim 1, its feature exists In described rear axle drive part also includes back axle motor output shaft travelling gear (29), back axle motor output shaft (13), back axle Power transmission shaft (14) and the variable winding electric machine of rear axle (5)；

One end of the variable winding electric machine of described rear axle (5) output shaft and back axle motor output shaft (13) uses flange coupling phase Connection, the rotation conllinear of the variable winding electric machine of rear axle (5) and back axle motor output shaft (13), the transmission of back axle motor output shaft Gear (29) is arranged on back axle motor output shaft (13), and back axle motor output shaft travelling gear (29) passes through internal spline thereon The external splines of hole and back axle motor output shaft (13) be fitted close and using snap ring axial limiting into being fixedly connected, back axle motor Output shaft transmission gear (29) is meshed with the rear axle drive gear (30) on rear axle propeller shaft (14), and back axle motor output shaft passes Moving gear (29) is parallel with the axis of rotation of rear axle propeller shaft (14).