CN107507237B - Laser interference effect simulation method based on actual measurement image - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on a measured image. The method includes: acquiring a basic laser spot image; extracting energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image; generating a spot texture of the basic laser according to the energy information Figure; calculate the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser; write and analyze the spot texture map of the target laser in the simulation software. The invention optimizes the texture of the laser spot generated by theoretical modeling according to the measured image, and performs interpolation calculation on the basis of the measured image, so that it has higher realism and flexibility.

Description

Simulation Method of Laser Interference Effect Based on Measured Image

technical field

The invention belongs to the related field of computer simulation technology, and particularly relates to a laser interference effect simulation method based on a measured image.

Background technique

In the field of photoelectric countermeasures, laser weapons use high-energy lasers to precisely strike long-distance targets or weapons for defense against missiles, which have incomparable advantages over other weapons. The photoelectric imaging system mainly uses various types of photoelectric detectors to obtain the images of the target and the scene through high-resolution imaging of the observation area, and provides it to the observer or the image processing system to identify, measure and target the target. Due to its monochromaticity, directionality and coherence, laser can also cause radiation interference and damage to infrared and visible light photoelectric imaging systems at long distances. As the high-energy spot interference acting on the detector, laser interference has attracted more and more attention in modern optoelectronic countermeasures. At present, there are two main methods for the research of laser interference effect: one is to use the imaging principle of laser interference for theoretical calculation;

The laser spot is obtained by theoretical calculation. When the laser source is in the field of view of the detector, the interference caused by the laser radiation to the detector is mainly reflected in the saturation, crosstalk and supersaturation phenomenon on the image. Through fine modeling of physical phenomena, a three-dimensional model that conforms to physical laws can be obtained, and a pre-processed, offline-calculated more realistic appearance can be obtained. If the time is too long, the appearance outline is too regular, and there is still a gap with the real light spot. Generally speaking, such an appearance model is difficult to support real-time calculation and simulation.

The laser spot is obtained by real shooting. Research institutions at home and abroad have carried out research on the effect of laser interference, and have achieved a series of research results. In the research approach, physical experiments are the main way, including field tests and laboratory experiments. Through physical experiments, laser spot images and real and detailed experimental data can be obtained. This method can compare the images before and after interference, which can be very intuitive. The performance changes of the imaging system before and after system interference are obtained, with high reliability, but high dependence on laboratory and experimental conditions, images cannot be reproduced and inflexible, and laboratory devices are easily damaged or damaged. high cost.

It can be seen that the use of theoretical calculation and laboratory real shooting to obtain the laser spot map is insufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, in order to solve the technical defects and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for simulating laser interference effects based on an actual measured image.

Specifically, a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on a measured image proposed by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

S11. Obtain a basic laser spot image;

S12, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image;

S13, generating a spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information;

S14, calculating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser;

S15, write and parse the light spot texture map of the target laser light.

Wherein, the basic laser spot image is a laser spot image generated by a set of laser incident detectors with a specific power.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the group of lasers with specific powers includes two or more lasers with specific powers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image in step S12 includes: selecting an appropriate threshold from a range of 0 to 255 according to a threshold segmentation technique, and extracting the basic laser spot The energy information of the laser spot in the image.

In an embodiment of the present invention, generating the spot texture map of the base laser according to the energy information in step S13 includes: generating a set of spot texture maps of the base laser with a specific power according to the energy information, and saving the base laser flare texture map.

In an embodiment of the present invention, calculating the spot texture of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the base laser in step S14 includes:

S141, select the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers according to the power of the target laser;

S142, performing point-by-point interpolation processing on the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers to calculate the energy information of the target laser;

S143. Generate a spot texture map of the target laser light according to the energy information of the target laser light.

Wherein, the power of the target laser in step S141 is between the powers of the two basic lasers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula for the point-by-point interpolation processing in step S142 is:

为插值计算的目标激光的光斑纹理图，

为两个基础激光的光斑纹理图。Among them, k ₂ and k ₁ are the power of the two basic lasers, k _z is the power of the target laser calculated by interpolation,

The spot texture map of the target laser calculated for the interpolation,

Spot texture map for the two base lasers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the spot texture map includes a high-energy spot texture and a smaller-energy spot texture; wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the spot of the target laser, the high-energy spot texture and the spot texture are calculated. Interpolation processing is performed on the light spot texture with smaller energy; when calculating the external energy information of the target laser light spot, interpolation processing is performed on the high energy light spot texture.

In an embodiment of the present invention, writing and parsing the spot texture map of the target laser in step S15 includes:

S151. In the three-dimensional simulation software, extract the light spot texture map of the target laser as a bulletin board primitive;

S152, using a graphic programming language to write the spot texture map of the target laser into the texture unit of the material script;

S153: Analyze the spot texture map of the target laser through the GPU, and load the spot texture of the target laser into the video memory for execution to finally obtain a GPU dynamic simulation result.

Based on this, the present invention has the following advantages:

First, because the present invention uses a set of real-shot images to restore texture details and related texture mapping during the dynamic simulation of the laser interference effect based on GPU, and extracts the theoretical model as the master, that is, the spot texture map of the basic laser, It overcomes the time-consuming manual design or theoretical calculation and various shortcomings in terms of target shape characteristics and detail level, so that the present invention meets the needs of real-time and real-life feeling in practical applications.

Second, because the present invention uses the texture of the real-shot laser spot image as the basis in the dynamic simulation of the laser interference effect based on GPU, it overcomes the shortcomings of the real-shot spot image that cannot be reproduced and is inflexible, and the experimental conditions for obtaining the real-shot image are harsh. And the cost is high, so that the present invention can be applied to the dynamic simulation of laser interference effect under various powers.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the drawings are designed for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as reference should be made to the appended claims. It should also be understood that unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and are merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and processes described herein.

1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on an actual measured image provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a flowchart of a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on an actual measured image provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart logic diagram of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on an actual measured image provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a real-shot laser spot image provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

5 is a texture map of a laser spot generated according to energy information according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a light spot texture map under 2.6 μW of interpolation calculation provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

7 is a dynamic simulation diagram of a GPU-based real-shot laser interference effect provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a dynamic simulation diagram of a laser interference effect at 2.6 μW based on GPU interpolation calculation according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on a measured image according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

S11. Obtain a basic laser spot image;

S12, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image;

S13, generating a spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information;

S14, calculating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser;

S15, write and analyze the light spot texture map of the target laser in the simulation software.

Wherein, the basic laser spot image is a laser spot image generated by a set of laser incident detectors with a specific power.

Specifically, the group of lasers with specific powers includes two or more lasers with specific powers.

Preferably, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image in step S12 may include: selecting an appropriate threshold from a range of 0 to 255 according to a threshold segmentation technique, and extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image energy information.

Preferably, generating the spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information in step S13 may include: generating a group of spot texture maps of the basic laser with a specific power according to the energy information, and saving the spot texture map of the basic laser.

Preferably, calculating the spot texture of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the base laser in step S14 may include:

S141, select the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers according to the power of the target laser;

S142, performing point-by-point interpolation processing on the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers to calculate the energy information of the target laser;

S143. Generate a spot texture map of the target laser light according to the energy information of the target laser light.

Wherein, the power of the target laser in step S141 is between the powers of the two basic lasers.

Specifically, the formula for the point-by-point interpolation processing in step S142 is shown in formula 1.1:

Equation 1.1

为插值计算的目标激光的光斑纹理图，

为两个基础激光的光斑纹理图。Among them, k ₂ and k ₁ are the power of the two basic lasers, k _z is the power of the target laser calculated by interpolation,

The spot texture map of the target laser calculated for the interpolation,

Spot texture map for the two base lasers.

Preferably, the light spot texture map includes a high-energy light spot texture and a low-energy light spot texture; wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the light spot of the target laser, the high-energy light spot texture and the low-energy light spot texture Interpolation processing is performed on all of them; when calculating the external energy information of the target laser light spot, interpolation processing is performed on the high-energy light spot texture.

Preferably, step S15 may include:

S151. In the three-dimensional simulation software, use the billboard technology to extract the light spot texture map of the target laser as a Billboard primitive;

S152, using a graphics programming language, such as Cg (C for Graphics), to write the spot texture map of the target laser into the texture unit of the material script;

S153: Analyze the spot texture map of the target laser through the GPU, and load the spot texture of the target laser into the video memory for execution to finally obtain a GPU dynamic simulation result.

The invention optimizes the texture of the laser spot generated by theoretical modeling according to the measured image, and performs interpolation calculation on the basis of the measured image, so that it has higher realism and flexibility.

Embodiment 2

Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on a measured image according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The process includes:

S21. Obtain a set of real-shot laser spot images;

S22, according to the threshold segmentation technology, by setting an appropriate threshold, extract the energy information of the laser spot in the real shot image;

S23. Generate a set of basic light spot texture maps with a specific power in the software simulation software according to the energy information, and save the texture maps in a certain format;

Among them, the basic light spot texture map is not less than two.

S24, using the linear interpolation method to obtain the light spot texture of the target power;

Specifically, the formula for interpolation processing is shown in formula 1.1 in the first embodiment.

Among them, when calculating the texture of the light spot by interpolation, the texture of the light spot consists of two parts, that is, the high-energy light spot texture and the light spot texture with lower energy. Therefore, when calculating the internal energy of the light spot, both are interpolated, and only outside the light spot Calculate the high-energy part, which is beneficial to save calculation time.

S25, using the Billboard technology to extract the light spot texture to make Billboard primitives;

S26, and utilize the graphics programming language Cg (C for Graphics) to write the texture obtained in step S25 into the texture unit of the material script;

Among them, the change of the imaging distance between the laser and the detector causes a small change in the size of the laser energy, and the laser irradiation energy received by the imaging surface does not change much. Therefore, in the dynamic simulation, it is not necessary to care about the change of the spot energy, and it can be considered that the spot Texture does not change.

S27. Combined with the three-dimensional simulation software, the programmable graphics processing unit GPU parses the material script, and loads it into the video memory for execution, and finally obtains the GPU dynamic simulation result.

According to the real-shot laser light spot, the present invention uses its real appearance to process to obtain its model, and based on it, performs interpolation calculation to the light spot model under different conditions, loads it into Billboard, and uses the graphic programming language Cg language to write Into the material script, using the advantages of the GPU's efficient parallel computing and high-performance graphics rendering, it is applied in the dynamic simulation scene to improve the realism of the simulation scene.

Embodiment 3

To facilitate a clearer understanding, a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on a measured image of the present invention is described in detail below with specific examples.

Specifically, please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for simulating a laser interference effect based on an actual measured image provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The method includes:

Step 1, read in the real shot laser spot image.

Obtain the measured image: The laser spot generated by the real laser incident detector is used as the measured image.

Among them, the measured laser spot image is captured by visible light CCD (Charge-coupled Device, charge-coupled device);

Further, please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a real-shot laser spot image provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, including: laser spot images when the laser power is 1.1 μW, 3.5 μW, and 350 μW. Among them, the resolution of the actual laser spot image is 512 × 512 pixels.

Step 2, extracting the energy information of the light spot.

Since the laser spot belongs to a collection of points with high brightness (high gray value) in the real shot, an appropriate threshold can be selected from the range of 0 to 255 according to the threshold segmentation technology to extract the laser in the real shot. The energy information of the spot;

Further, please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a laser spot texture map generated according to energy information according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, including: laser spot texture maps when the laser power is 1.1 μW, 3.5 μW, and 350 μW.

Step 3, save the light spot texture map.

The emulation supports textures for several images of PNG, JPEG, TGA, TITF and DDS.

Step 4: Determine whether the laser energy of the simulated target is consistent with the energy of the measured image.

Step 4.1, if the laser energy of the simulated target is consistent with the energy of the measured image; then convert the physical image into a spot texture image;

Step 4.2, if the laser energy of the simulated target is inconsistent with the energy of the measured image; use the linear interpolation calculation method to obtain the spot texture map of the target laser.

Specifically, the formula for interpolation processing is shown in formula 1.1 in the first embodiment.

Preferably, using formula 1.1, a laser with a power value of 2.6 μW is selected, and a texture map of 512×512 pixels is calculated by interpolation. Please refer to FIG. 6 . FIG. 6 is an interpolation calculation provided by the third embodiment of the present invention. Spot texture map.

Step 5, using the Billboard technology, add the spot texture map of the target laser to the simulation scene to realize dynamic simulation.

Step 5.1, extract the light spot texture map to make Billboard primitives.

Put the extracted spot texture map on Billboard, the distance changes little during real-time simulation, and the spot energy hardly changes. This principle can be used to achieve dynamic simulation.

Step 5.2, generate texture units.

Use the graphics programming language Cg to write the texture obtained in step 5 into the texture unit of the material script.

Step 5.3, add to the simulation scene.

The texture of the laser interference spot is loaded into the flight scene of the aircraft to achieve a dynamic simulation effect, please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a GPU-based real-shot laser interference effect dynamic simulation diagram provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Further, please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a dynamic simulation diagram of a laser interference effect under 2.6 μW based on GPU interpolation calculation according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In combination with the basic principle of the laser interference effect, the invention proposes a dynamic simulation method of the laser interference effect based on the low attenuation of the laser spot energy and the use of the real-shot laser spot diagram, which can not only save costs, but also provide result predictions for laboratory objects. It can also verify the accuracy of the laser interference theory and provide support for improving the theory. This method can significantly reduce the shortcomings of long theoretical calculation time, over-theoretical laser spot shape, unreproducible real-shot images, and inflexibility (static, over-cured posture).

To sum up, the principles and methods of the present invention are described herein using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art , according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended rights. Requirements shall prevail.

Claims (9)

1. a laser interference effect simulation method based on measured image, is characterized in that, comprises: S11. Obtain a basic laser spot image; S12, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image; S13, generating a spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information; S14, calculating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser; S15, writing and parsing the spot texture map of the target laser; Wherein, calculating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser in step S14 includes: S141, select the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers according to the power of the target laser; S142, performing point-by-point interpolation processing on the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers to calculate the energy information of the target laser; S143, generating a spot texture map of the target laser according to the energy information of the target laser; Specifically, generating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the energy information of the target laser includes: judging whether the energy of the target laser is consistent with the energy of the basic laser spot image, if the energy of the target laser and the energy of the basic laser spot image are consistent If they are consistent, the basic laser spot image is converted into a spot texture map; if the target laser energy is inconsistent with the basic laser spot image energy, a linear interpolation calculation method is used to obtain the spot texture map of the target laser. 2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the basic laser spot image is a laser spot image generated by a group of laser incident detectors with a specific power. 3 . 3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the group of lasers with specific powers comprises two or more lasers with specific powers. 4 . 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image in step S12 comprises: selecting an appropriate threshold from a range of 0 to 255 according to a threshold segmentation technique, Extract the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image. 5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein generating the spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information in step S13 comprises: generating a group of spot texture maps of the basic laser with a specific power according to the energy information, 6 . And save the spot texture map of the basic laser. 6 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein the power of the target laser in step S141 is between the powers of the two basic lasers. 7 . 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the formula for the point-by-point interpolation processing in step S142 is:

Among them, k ₂ and k ₁ are the power of the two basic lasers, k _z is the power of the target laser calculated by interpolation,

The spot texture map of the target laser calculated for the interpolation,

Spot texture map for the two base lasers. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the light spot texture map includes a high-energy light spot texture and a low-energy light spot texture; wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the light spot of the target laser, the Both the high-energy light spot texture and the low-energy light spot texture are subjected to interpolation processing; when calculating the external energy information of the target laser light spot, the high-energy light spot texture is subjected to interpolation processing. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein writing and parsing the spot texture map of the target laser in step S15 comprises: S151. In the three-dimensional simulation software, extract the light spot texture map of the target laser as a bulletin board primitive; S152, using a graphic programming language to write the spot texture map of the target laser into the texture unit of the material script; S153: Analyze the spot texture map of the target laser through the GPU, and load the spot texture map of the target laser into a video memory for execution to finally obtain a GPU dynamic simulation result.

Images