CN107507237A - Laser interference effects emulation mode based on measuring image - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser interference effect simulation method based on measured images, the method comprising: acquiring a basic laser spot image; extracting energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image; generating a basic laser spot texture according to the energy information Fig. Calculating the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser; writing and analyzing the spot texture map of the target laser in the simulation software. The invention optimizes the texture of the laser spot generated by theoretical modeling according to the measured image, and performs interpolation calculation based on it, so that it has higher sense of reality and flexibility.

Description

Simulation Method of Laser Interference Effect Based on Measured Image

technical field

The invention belongs to the related field of computer simulation technology, in particular to a laser interference effect simulation method based on measured images.

Background technique

In the field of photoelectric countermeasures, laser weapons use high-energy lasers to precisely strike long-distance targets or to defend against missiles, etc., which have incomparable advantages to other weapons. The photoelectric imaging system mainly uses various photoelectric detectors to obtain images of targets and scenes through high-resolution imaging of the observation area, and provides them to observers or image processing systems for target identification, ranging, and aiming applications. Due to its monochromaticity, directionality and coherence, laser can also cause irradiation interference and damage to infrared and visible light photoelectric imaging systems at long distances. As a high-energy spot interference acting on the detector, laser interference has attracted more and more attention in modern optoelectronic countermeasures. At present, there are mainly two methods for the research of laser interference effect: one is to use the imaging principle of laser interference to conduct theoretical calculations; the other is to use a camera to take real shots to obtain laser spot images under physical experiments.

The laser spot is obtained by theoretical calculation. When the laser source is in the field of view of the detector, among the interference caused by laser radiation to the detector, the interference on the image is mainly reflected in saturation, crosstalk and oversaturation. Through fine modeling of physical phenomena, a 3D model that conforms to physical laws can be obtained, and a preprocessed, more realistic appearance calculated off-line can be obtained, but the relationship and model established are usually complicated, and the calculation is too complicated. The time is too long, the appearance outline is too regular, and there is still a gap with the real light spot. Generally speaking, such an appearance model is difficult to support real-time calculation and simulation.

The laser spot is obtained by real shooting. Research institutions at home and abroad have carried out research on the laser interference effect and achieved a series of research results. In the research approach, the physical experiment is the main way, including the field test and the laboratory experiment. Through the physical experiment, the laser spot image and the real and detailed experimental data can be obtained. This method can compare the images before and after the interference, and can be very intuitive. Obtaining the performance changes of the imaging system before and after system interference has high reliability, but it is highly dependent on laboratory and experimental conditions, the image cannot be reproduced and is inflexible, and it is easy to damage or damage laboratory devices. high cost.

It can be seen that there are deficiencies in obtaining laser spot images by using theoretical calculations and laboratory real shots.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, in order to solve the technical defects and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a laser interference effect simulation method based on measured images.

Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a laser interference effect simulation method based on measured images, including:

S11. Acquiring a basic laser spot image;

S12. Extract energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image;

S13. Generate a spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information;

S14. Calculate the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser;

S15. Writing and analyzing the spot texture map of the target laser.

Wherein, the basic laser spot image is a laser spot image generated by a group of laser incident detectors with specific power.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the set of lasers with specific power includes two or more lasers with specific power.

In one embodiment of the present invention, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image in step S12 includes: selecting an appropriate threshold from the range of 0 to 255 according to threshold segmentation technology, and extracting the basic laser spot Energy information of the laser spot in the image.

In one embodiment of the present invention, generating the spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information in step S13 includes: generating a set of spot texture maps of the basic laser with a specific power according to the energy information, and saving the basic laser speckle texture map.

In one embodiment of the present invention, calculating the spot texture of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser in step S14 includes:

S141. Select the spot texture maps of two basic lasers according to the power of the target laser;

S142. Perform point-by-point interpolation processing on the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers to calculate energy information of the target laser;

S143. Generate a spot texture map of the target laser light according to the energy information of the target laser light.

Wherein, the power of the target laser in step S141 is between the powers of the two basic lasers.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula of point-by-point interpolation processing described in step S142 is:

Among them, k ₂ and k ₁ are the powers of the two basic lasers, k _z is the power of the target laser calculated by interpolation, Spot texture map of target laser calculated for interpolation, Spot texture maps for two basic lasers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the spot texture map includes a high-energy spot texture and a small-energy spot texture; wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the spot of the target laser, the high-energy spot texture and the All light spot textures with smaller energy are subjected to interpolation processing; when calculating the external energy information of the light spot of the target laser, interpolation processing is performed on the high-energy light spot texture.

In one embodiment of the present invention, writing and analyzing the spot texture map of the target laser in step S15 includes:

S151. In the three-dimensional simulation software, extract the spot texture map of the target laser as the bulletin board graphic element;

S152. Write the spot texture map of the target laser into the texture unit of the material script by using a graphics programming language;

S153. Analyze the speckle texture map of the target laser through the GPU, and load the speckle texture of the target laser into the video memory for execution to finally obtain a GPU dynamic simulation result.

Based on this, the present invention possesses following advantage:

First, because the present invention uses a group of real-shot images to restore texture details and related texture mapping during GPU-based dynamic simulation of laser interference effects, and extracts a theoretical model as the master, that is, the spot texture map of the basic laser, It overcomes the time-consuming manual design or theoretical calculation and various shortcomings in the target shape features and detail levels, so that the present invention meets the needs of real-time and realism in practical applications.

Second, because the present invention uses the texture of the real-shot laser spot image as the basis during the dynamic simulation of the laser interference effect based on the GPU, it overcomes the shortcomings that the real-shot spot image cannot be reproduced and is inflexible and the conditions for obtaining the real-shot image are harsh And the cost is high, so that the present invention can be applied to the dynamic simulation of laser interference effect under various powers.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without making creative efforts.

Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the drawings are designed for purposes of illustration only and not as a limitation of the scope of the invention since reference should be made to the appended claims. It should also be understood that, unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and are merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and processes described herein.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow logic diagram of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a real shot laser spot image provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a laser spot texture map generated according to energy information provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a laser interference texture map at 2.6 μW provided by an interpolation calculation provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a real-shot dynamic simulation diagram of laser interference effect based on GPU provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a dynamic simulation diagram of laser interference effect at 2.6 μW based on GPU interpolation calculation provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific implementations of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The method comprises the steps of:

S11. Acquiring a basic laser spot image;

S12. Extract energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image;

S13. Generate a spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information;

S14. Calculate the spot texture map of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser;

S15. Writing and analyzing the spot texture map of the target laser in the simulation software.

Wherein, the basic laser spot image is a laser spot image generated by a group of laser incident detectors with specific power.

Specifically, the set of lasers with specific power includes two or more lasers with specific power.

Preferably, extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image in step S12 may include: selecting an appropriate threshold from the range of 0 to 255 according to threshold segmentation technology, and extracting the energy information of the laser spot in the basic laser spot image. energy information.

Preferably, generating the spot texture map of the basic laser according to the energy information in step S13 may include: generating a set of spot texture maps of the basic laser with a specific power according to the energy information, and saving the spot texture map of the basic laser.

Preferably, calculating the spot texture of the target laser according to the spot texture map of the basic laser in step S14 may include:

S141. Select the spot texture maps of two basic lasers according to the power of the target laser;

S142. Perform point-by-point interpolation processing on the spot texture maps of the two basic lasers to calculate energy information of the target laser;

S143. Generate a spot texture map of the target laser light according to the energy information of the target laser light.

Wherein, the power of the target laser in step S141 is between the powers of the two basic lasers.

Specifically, the formula of point-by-point interpolation processing described in step S142 is shown in formula 1.1:

Formula 1.1

Among them, k ₂ and k ₁ are the powers of the two basic lasers, k _z is the power of the target laser calculated by interpolation, Spot texture map of target laser calculated for interpolation, Spot texture maps for two basic lasers.

Preferably, the spot texture map includes a high-energy spot texture and a smaller-energy spot texture; wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the spot of the target laser, the high-energy spot texture and the smaller-energy spot texture Both perform interpolation processing; when calculating the external energy information of the light spot of the target laser, interpolation processing is performed on the high-energy light spot texture.

Preferably, step S15 may include:

S151. In the three-dimensional simulation software, use billboard (Billboard) technology to extract the spot texture map of the target laser as a Billboard graphic element;

S152. Using a graphics programming language, such as Cg (C for Graphics), to write the spot texture map of the target laser into the texture unit of the material script;

S153. Analyze the speckle texture map of the target laser through the GPU, and load the speckle texture of the target laser into the video memory for execution to finally obtain a GPU dynamic simulation result.

The invention optimizes the texture of the laser spot generated by theoretical modeling according to the measured image, and performs interpolation calculation based on it, so that it has a higher sense of reality and flexibility.

Embodiment two

Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The process includes:

S21. Obtain a group of real-shot laser spot images;

S22. According to the threshold segmentation technology, by setting an appropriate threshold, extract the energy information of the laser spot in the real picture;

S23. Generate a set of basic light spot texture maps of specific power in the software simulation software according to the energy information, and save the texture maps in a certain format;

Among them, there are no less than two basic light spot texture maps.

S24. Obtain the light spot texture of the target power by using a linear interpolation method;

Specifically, for the formula of interpolation processing, see formula 1.1 in Embodiment 1.

Among them, when performing interpolation to calculate the texture of the spot, the texture of the spot is composed of two parts, namely, the high-energy spot texture and the small-energy spot texture, so when calculating the internal energy of the spot, both are interpolated, and only Calculate the high-energy part, which is beneficial to save calculation time.

S25. Using billboard (Billboard) technology to extract light spot textures to make Billboard graphic elements;

S26, and utilize the graphics programming language Cg (C for Graphics) to write the texture obtained in step S25 in the texture unit of the material script;

Among them, the change of the imaging distance between the laser and the detector will cause a small change in the laser energy, and the energy of the laser irradiation on the imaging surface will not change much. The texture is unchanged.

S27. Combining with the 3D simulation software, the programmable graphics processing unit GPU analyzes the material script, loads it into the video memory and executes it, and finally obtains a dynamic simulation result of the GPU.

According to the real laser spot, the present invention uses its real appearance to process, obtains its model, and based on it, interpolates and calculates the spot model under different conditions, loads it into the Billboard, and uses the graphic programming language Cg language to write Into the material script, using the advantages of GPU's efficient parallel computing and high-performance graphics rendering, it is applied in the dynamic simulation scene to improve the realism of the simulation scene.

Embodiment three

For a clearer understanding, a specific example is given below to describe in detail a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images in the present invention.

Specifically, please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a flow logic diagram of a method for simulating laser interference effects based on measured images provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The method includes:

Step 1, read in the real laser spot image.

Obtain the actual measurement map: the laser spot generated by the real laser incident detector is used as the actual measurement map.

Among them, the laser spot measurement map is obtained by visible light CCD (Charge-coupled Device, charge-coupled device);

Further, please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a real shot laser spot image provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention, including: laser spot images when the laser power is 1.1 μW, 3.5 μW and 350 μW. Among them, the resolution of the real-shot laser spot images is 512×512 pixels.

Step 2, extracting the energy information of the light spot.

Since the laser spot belongs to a collection of points with high brightness (high gray value) in the real picture, an appropriate threshold can be selected from the range of 0 to 255 according to the threshold segmentation technology to extract the laser light in the real picture. Energy information of the spot;

Further, please refer to FIG. 5 . FIG. 5 is a laser spot texture map generated according to energy information provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention, including: laser spot texture maps when the laser power is 1.1 μW, 3.5 μW and 350 μW.

Step 3, save the spot texture map.

The simulation supports textures of PNG, JPEG, TGA, TITF and DDS images.

Step 4, judging whether the simulated target laser energy is the same as the actual measured image energy.

Step 4.1, if the laser energy of the simulated target is consistent with the energy of the measured image; then convert the physical image into an interference texture image;

In step 4.2, if the energy of the simulated target laser is inconsistent with the energy of the measured image; use the linear interpolation calculation method to obtain the spot texture map of the target laser.

Specifically, for the formula of interpolation processing, see formula 1.1 in Embodiment 1.

Preferably, using Formula 1.1, select a laser with a power value of 2.6 μW, and interpolate and calculate a texture map of 512×512 pixels, please refer to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a kind of interpolation calculation under 2.6 μW provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention Laser interference texture map.

Step 5: Using Billboard technology, add the spot texture map of the target laser to the simulation scene to realize dynamic simulation.

Step 5.1, extract the light spot texture map to make Billboard primitives.

Put the extracted spot texture map on the Billboard, the distance does not change much during real-time simulation, and the spot energy hardly changes. This principle can be used to realize dynamic simulation.

Step 5.2, generate texture units.

Use the graphics programming language Cg to write the texture obtained in step 5 into the texture unit of the material script.

Step 5.3, add to the simulation scene.

The texture of the laser interference spot is loaded into the flight scene of the aircraft to realize the dynamic simulation effect. Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a dynamic simulation diagram of a GPU-based real shot laser interference effect provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Further, please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a dynamic simulation diagram of laser interference effect under 2.6 μW based on GPU interpolation calculation provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

The present invention combines the small attenuation of laser spot energy in the basic principle of laser interference effect and the use of real-shot laser spot images to propose a dynamic simulation method for laser interference effects based on GPU, which can not only save costs, but also provide result prediction for laboratory objects. It can also verify the accuracy of the laser interference theory and provide support for perfecting the theory. This method can significantly reduce the shortcomings of long theoretical calculation time, over-theorized laser spot shape, unreproducible real-shot images, and inflexibility (static, over-fixed attitude).

In summary, the principles and methods of the present invention have been described with specific examples in this paper, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art According to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended rights Requirements prevail.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of 1. laser interference effects emulation mode based on measuring image, it is characterised in that including：

   S11, obtain basic laser light spot image；

   The energy information of laser facula in S12, the extraction basic laser light spot image；

   S13, the hot spot texture maps according to energy information generation basic laser；

   S14, the hot spot texture maps according to the hot spot texture maps of basic laser calculating target laser；

   S15, write-in and the hot spot texture maps for parsing the target laser.
2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the basic laser light spot image is one group of certain power Representation of laser facula caused by laser light incident detector.
3. 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the laser of one group of certain power includes two or two The laser of above certain power.
4. 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that extracted in step S12 in the basic laser light spot image The energy information of laser facula includes：According to Threshold sementation, from appropriate threshold value is selected between 0~255 scope, institute is extracted State the energy information of laser facula in basic laser light spot image.
5. 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that swashed in step S13 according to energy information generation basis The hot spot texture maps of light include：The hot spot texture maps of the basic laser of one group of certain power are generated according to the energy information, and Preserve the hot spot texture maps of the basic laser.
6. 6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that according to the hot spot texture of the basic laser in step S14 The hot spot texture maps that figure calculates target laser include：

   S141, the hot spot texture maps according to the power of the target laser two basic lasers of selection；

   S142, the hot spot texture maps to described two basic lasers carry out point-by-point interpolation processing, calculate the target laser Energy information；

   S143, the hot spot texture maps according to the energy information of the target laser generation target laser.
7. 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the power of target laser is between described described in step S141 Between the power of two basic lasers.
8. 8. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that point-by-point interpolation described in step S142 processing formula be：

   <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>

   Wherein, k₂、k₁For the power of two basic lasers, k_zFor the power of the target laser of interpolation calculation,For interpolation The hot spot texture maps of the target laser of calculating,For the hot spot texture maps of two basic lasers.
9. 9. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the hot spot texture of hot spot texture maps including high-energy and The hot spot texture of smaller energy；Wherein, when calculating the energy information inside the hot spot of target laser, to the hot spot of the high-energy The hot spot texture of texture and smaller energy all carries out interpolation processing；When calculating the hot spot external energy information of target laser, to institute The hot spot texture for stating high-energy carries out interpolation processing.
10. 10. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that write in step S15 and parse the light of the target laser Spot texture maps include：

    S151, in three-dimensional artificial software, extract the hot spot texture maps of the target laser as bulletin board pel；

    S152, using graphical programming language the hot spot texture maps of the target laser are write in the texture cell of material script；

    S153, the hot spot texture maps for parsing by GPU the target laser, and the hot spot texture maps of the target laser are loaded into Performed in video memory to obtain GPU Dynamic Simulation Results eventually.