CN107414215B - Clamping head - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a chuck, and belongs to the field of fixed clamps. It has solved the problem that current chuck centre gripping scope is little. The clamping head comprises an intermediate body, an adjusting bolt and a pair of cover plates, wherein a through installation hole which is polygonal is formed in the intermediate body, a plurality of sliding blocks are arranged in the installation hole, a clamping opening is formed between the sliding blocks in a surrounding mode, inclined planes which are obliquely arranged are formed in the sliding blocks, one sliding block of the plurality of sliding blocks is recorded as a first sliding block, a clamping groove is formed in the first sliding block, a threaded hole is further formed in the intermediate body, the threaded hole is communicated with the installation hole, the adjusting bolt penetrates through the threaded hole, the inner end of the adjusting bolt is provided with a clamping portion which protrudes outwards along the radial direction of the adjusting bolt, the clamping portion is located in the clamping groove to enable the adjusting bolt to be clamped with the first sliding block, the pair of cover plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the intermediate body respectively, a through hole which is penetrated is formed in the cover plates, and the clamping opening are correspondingly arranged. The chuck has the advantage of large clamping range.

Description

a chuck

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fixed clamps and relates to a chuck, in particular to a tap chuck.

Background technique

In turning parts, large-diameter internal threads can be turned using internal thread turning tools. Small-diameter internal threads are difficult to turn using internal thread turning tools. The main thing is to drill out the thread bottom hole after the turning is completed, and then use a reamer. The bar is tapped by hand. The tapping efficiency according to the traditional processing method is low, the verticality error between the tapped thread and the workpiece is large, and the tapping quality is low.

In response to the above existing problems, people have made various improvements, and some have even applied for patents. For example, Chinese patent documents disclose a tapping tool holder for lathes [Application number: 201220217549.2; Authorization announcement number: CN202655744U ], which includes a tap, drill chuck, chuck shank, chuck base body, sliding guide rod and tool bar seat. The front end of the chuck shank protrudes from the chuck base body and is processed with a Morse No. 2 taper shank; drill The rear end face of the chuck is provided with a groove that matches the Morse No. 2 taper shank; the drill chuck and chuck shank are tight fitting parts; the tap is installed on the front end of the drill chuck; the tap, chuck shank, chuck base body, and slide Move the guide rod and tool holder seat axes to be on the same straight line.

Lathes with this structure use tapping tool arbors, which have high working efficiency and ensure geometric tolerances; however, with this type of structure lathe tapping tool arbors, the size of the clamping opening used to hold the tap in the drill chuck cannot be changed. , that is, the size of the clamping opening is certain. The drill chuck of this structure can only hold taps of a specific size. The clamping range of the drill chuck is small, resulting in the processing range of the tapping tool bar of the lathe of this structure. Small.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a chuck to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved is how to improve the clamping range of the chuck.

The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a chuck includes an intermediate body, which is characterized in that it also includes an adjusting bolt and a pair of cover plates, and the intermediate body has a through-going and polygonal mounting hole, There are several slide blocks in the installation hole, and a clamping opening is formed between the slide blocks. One side of the slide block is against the side wall of the corresponding installation hole, and the slide blocks are evenly spaced. It has an inclined surface, and the inclined surfaces of two adjacent slide blocks fit together. One of the slide blocks is marked as the first slide block. The first slide block has a slot, and the middle slide block has a slot. The body also has a threaded hole, the threaded hole is connected with the installation hole, the adjusting bolt is inserted into the threaded hole, and the inner end of the adjusting bolt has a snap-in portion that protrudes outward along the radial direction of the adjusting bolt. The clamping portion is located in the slot to connect the adjusting bolt and the first slider. A pair of cover plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the intermediate body. The cover plates have a through hole. The through holes and the clamping openings are arranged correspondingly.

The working principle of the chuck: by rotating the adjusting bolt, the first slider can be pushed to move, and the movement of the first slider can drive the remaining sliders to form a linkage to change the size of the clamping opening, so that the chuck can clamp different sizes. Tap to increase the clamping range of the chuck. The cover plate prevents the slider from falling off from the installation hole. The through hole in one cover plate is for the tap to pass through, and the through hole in the other cover plate is for the chuck handle to be embedded and fixed; the snap-in part of the adjusting bolt is embedded into the card. The adjusting bolt and the first slide block are engaged in the groove. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the first slide block can be driven to move, and one side of the slide block is pressed against the side wall of the corresponding installation hole, and the two adjacent ones are The slopes of the sliders fit together. The movement of the first slider drives the adjacent sliders to move along the slope, thereby changing the size of the clamping opening. It is convenient to adjust the size of the clamping opening, and the adjustment bolt can be rotated to make the slider align. The tap is extruded and fixed, which has a high degree of firmness and is convenient for fastening the tap.

In the above-mentioned chuck, the slot is located at one end of the first slider close to the adjusting bolt, the slot runs through the first slider, and the top of the inner wall of the slot has a pair of inwardly protruding The clamping bar, the clamping portion can abut against the clamping bar to engage the adjusting bolt and the first slider. When installing, first extend the clamping part of the adjusting bolt into the installation hole, then face one end of the slot to the adjusting bolt so that the clamping part is embedded in the slot, and then push the first slider to make the first The right-angled edge of the block is against the side wall of the installation hole. At this time, the clamping portion is located in the slot and can abut against the clamping bar, so that the adjusting bolt and the first slider are clamped together, making installation easy. .

In the above-mentioned kind of chuck, another slide block among several slide blocks is marked as the second slide block. One end of the second slide block close to the adjustment bolt has an embedding groove, and part of the adjustment bolt can be embedded in the embedding groove. in the trough. The slide block can move in the mounting hole. The setting of the embedded groove prevents the second slide block from getting stuck with the adjusting bolt, so that the slide block moves smoothly. The size of the clamping opening is adjustable, which improves the clamping capacity of the chuck. to increase the holding range and improve the firmness of the chuck.

In the above-mentioned kind of chuck, the adjusting bolt also includes a head, a rod and a transition part. The head is connected to the clamping part through the rod part and the transition part. The head, the rod part and the transition part The outer wall of the transition part is smooth, and the outer diameter of the transition part is larger than the outer diameter of the transition part along the radial direction of the rod. diameter, and the outer diameter of the clamping portion is smaller than the major diameter of the external thread. The rod part is threadedly connected to the intermediate body, and the outer diameter of the clamping part is larger than the outer diameter of the transition part, so that the clamping part can be embedded in the clamping groove and the clamping part can engage with the clamping bar. The outer diameter of the clamping part is It is smaller than the major diameter of the external thread so that the clamping part can pass through the threaded hole.

In the above-mentioned chuck, one end of the clamping part away from the transition part is hemispherical, and the bottom of the clamping groove is arc-shaped. When the clamping part is located in the clamping groove, the outside of the clamping part The wall is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the slot. This kind of structure makes the contact area between the clamping part and the first slide block large, and the fit is tight. The adjusting bolt can better drive the first slide block to move, improving the stability of the chuck and the firmness of the chuck.

In the above-mentioned clamp, the outer side wall of the intermediate body has a flat surface, and the flat surface matches the head of the adjusting bolt. The head of the adjusting bolt can rest on a flat surface and is reasonably designed.

In the above-mentioned chuck, the through hole is circular, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the clamping opening. The through hole will not hinder the insertion of the tap and improves the clamping range of this chuck.

In the above-mentioned clamp, the thickness of the cover plate is 1-2cm. The thickness of the cover plate is thicker, which improves the installation stability of the slider and makes the connection between the chuck and the chuck handle more secure.

In the above-mentioned kind of chuck, the intermediate body is provided with a plurality of penetrating fixing holes, and the cover plate and the intermediate body are fixed to each other by fasteners passing through the cover plate and being inserted into the fixing holes. The fasteners are used to secure the connection with a high degree of firmness.

In the above-mentioned chuck, the number of the slide blocks is four, namely the first slide block, the second slide block, the third slide block and the fourth slide block, and the cross section of the mounting hole is square. , the cross-sections of the first slide block, the second slide block, the third slide block and the fourth slide block are all right-angled squares, and the first slide block, the second slide block, the third slide block and the fourth slide block The right-angled sides of the block can be pressed against the two adjacent side walls corresponding to the mounting holes, and the clamping space formed between the first slide block, the second slide block, the third slide block and the fourth slide block The mouth is square. The tail end of the tap is generally square. The number of slide blocks in this chuck is exactly four, which matches the tap. This chuck is mainly used to hold the tap.

Compared with the existing technology, the chuck provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

1. This chuck changes the position of the slider by rotating the adjusting bolt, thereby changing the size of the clamping opening, so that the chuck can clamp taps of different sizes, with a wide clamping range, and can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt. Changing the size of the clamping opening and clamping the workpiece are easy to operate and the clamping is firm.

2. The inner end of the adjusting bolt of this chuck has a snap-in part, and the first slider has a snap-in slot. The snap-in part and the snap-in slot are set with a clearance, so that the adjusting bolt can drive the slider to move more stably, improving the stability of this chuck. The stability and firmness of the clamping.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck.

Figure 2 is a side view of the chuck.

Figure 3 is the status diagram 1 of this chuck.

Figure 4 is the second state diagram of this chuck.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamp adjustment bolt.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first slider of the chuck.

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the second slider of the chuck.

In the figure, 1. Intermediate body; 2. Adjusting bolt; 21. Snap-on part; 22. Head; 23. Rod part; 24. Transition part; 3. Cover plate; 4. Mounting hole; 5. Slider; 51 , first slider; 52, second slider; 53, third slider; 54, fourth slider; 6, clamping port; 7, card slot; 8, threaded hole; 9, through hole; 10, Clip; 11. Embedding groove; 12. Flat surface; 13. Fixing hole; 14. Fastener.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention combined with the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the chuck includes an intermediate body 1, an adjusting bolt 2, a pair of cover plates 3, and a slider 5. In this embodiment, the intermediate body 1 has four penetrating fixing holes 13 . In actual production, the intermediate body 1 may have six penetrating fixing holes 13 , and fasteners 14 such as bolts are passed through the cover plate 3 and The cover plate 3 is penetrated in the fixing hole 13 to fix the cover plate 3 to the intermediate body 1. A pair of cover plates 3 are respectively fixed on both sides of the intermediate body 1. The cover plate 3 has a through hole 9, and the through hole 9 is in the shape of Circular. In this embodiment, the thickness of the cover plate 3 is 1.5cm. In actual production, the thickness of the cover plate 3 can be 1cm or 2cm.

In this embodiment, the intermediate body 1 has a penetrating and regular quadrilateral mounting hole 4, and four sliders 5 are provided in the mounting hole 4, namely a first slider 51, a second slider 52, and a third slider. 53 and the fourth slider 54, the first slider 51, the second slider 52, the third slider 53 and the fourth slider 54 are arranged in a counterclockwise direction. The cross-sections of the third slide block 53 and the fourth slide block 54 are all right-angled quadrilaterals, and the right-angled edges of the first slide block 51, the second slide block 52, the third slide block 53 and the fourth slide block 54 can all be attached to the installation surface. On the two adjacent side walls corresponding to hole 4, one side of the slider 5 is against the side wall of the corresponding mounting hole 4. The number of sliders 5 is the same as the number of side walls of the mounting hole 4. In actual production , the cross section of the mounting hole 4 can be in the shape of an equilateral triangle or a regular hexagon, and the mounting hole 4 can be provided with three sliders 5 or six sliders 5 . Each slider 5 has an inclined inclined surface, and the inclined surfaces of two adjacent sliders 5 are in contact with each other, that is, the incline of the first slider 51 is in contact with the incline of the second slider 52 , and the inclines of the second slider 52 are in contact with each other. The slope of the third slider 53 is in contact with the slope of the third slider 53 , the slope of the third slider 53 is in contact with the slope of the fourth slider 54 , and the slope of the fourth slider 54 is in contact with the slope of the first slider 51 When combined, a square clamping opening 6 is formed between the first slider 51 , the second slider 52 , the third slider 53 and the fourth slider 54 . The clamping opening 6 and the through hole 9 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the through hole 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the clamping opening 6 .

There is a threaded hole 8 in the intermediate body 1. The threaded hole 8 is connected with the mounting hole 4. The adjusting bolt 2 is passed through the threaded hole 8. There is a flat surface 12 on the outer wall of the intermediate body 1. The flat surface 12 is connected to the head of the adjusting bolt 2. 22 matches. As shown in Figure 5, the adjusting bolt 2 includes a head 22, a stem 23, a transition part 24 and a snap-in part 21. The head 22 is connected to the snap-in part 21 through the stem 23 and the transition part 24. The head 22, the stem The part 23, the transition part 24 and the clamping part 21 are an integrated structure. The outer side wall of the rod part 23 has external threads. The outer wall of the transition part 24 is smooth. The clamping part 21 protrudes radially outward along the adjusting bolt 2. Along the radial direction of the rod portion 23, the outer diameter of the engaging portion 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the transition portion 24, and the outer diameter of the engaging portion 21 is smaller than the major diameter of the external thread. The end of the engaging portion 21 away from the transition portion 24 is hemispherical. In this embodiment, the head 22 has an inner hexagonal structure. In actual production, the head 22 may have an outer hexagonal structure.

As shown in Figure 6, the first slider 51 has a slot 7. The slot 7 is located at one end of the first slider 51 close to the adjusting bolt 2. The slot 7 penetrates the first slider 51 and is at the top of the inner wall of the slot 7. It has a pair of inwardly protruding clamping strips 10. The bottom of the clamping slot 7 is arc-shaped. The clamping portion 21 is embedded in the clamping slot 7. The clamping portion 21 can abut against the clamping strips 10. The clamping portion 21 has an arc-shaped bottom. The outer side wall is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the slot 7 . As shown in FIG. 7 , one end of the second slider 52 close to the adjusting bolt 2 has an embedding groove 11 , and part of the adjusting bolt 2 can be embedded in the embedding groove 11 .

During assembly, first rotate the adjusting nut so that the adjusting nut is inserted into the threaded hole 8, and the transition portion 24 and the snap-in portion 21 of the adjusting nut are located in the mounting hole 4, and then place the first slider 51 into the mounting hole 4. , and the first slider 51 is located at the left end of the adjusting nut, align the slot 7 with the transition part 24 and the clamping part 21, and move the first slider 51 in parallel so that the clamping part 21 extends into the slot 7. When the clamping part 21 and the clamping bar 10 are clamped, the first slider 51 and the adjusting bolt 2 are clamped. Continue to move the first slider 51 in parallel until a right-angled edge of the first slider 51 is against the installation on the side wall of hole 4, and then install the second slider 52, the third slider 53 and the second slider 52 in counterclockwise order, and then use the fastener 14 to secure the cover 3 to the intermediate body 1 phase is firmly connected.

When fixing the tap, first rotate the adjusting bolt 2 counterclockwise. The adjusting bolt 2 pulls the first slider 51 to move upward. The first slider 51 pushes the second slider 52 to move to the left. The second slider 52 pushes the third slider 53. Move downward, the third slider 53 pushes the fourth slider to move to the right, thereby opening and enlarging the clamping opening 6. Insert the tail end of the tap into the clamping opening 6, and then rotate the adjusting bolt 2 clockwise. The bolt 2 pushes the first slider 51 to move downward, the first slider 51 pushes the fourth slider 54 to move left, the fourth slider 54 pushes the third slider 53 to move upward, and the third slider 53 pushes the second slider 53 to move upward. Move to the right, and part of the adjusting bolt 2 is embedded in the embedding groove 11 until the first slider 51 , the second slider 52 , the third slider 53 and the fourth slider 54 clamp the tap, and then the tap is used for tapping.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in similar ways, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the definition of the appended claims. range.

Although this article uses the intermediate body 1, the adjusting bolt 2, the clamping part 21, the head 22, the rod part 23, the transition part 24, the cover plate 3, the mounting hole 4, the slider 5, the first slider 51, The second slider 52, the third slider 53, the fourth slider 54, the clamping opening 6, the clamping groove 7, the threaded hole 8, the through hole 9, the clamping strip 10, the embedding groove 11, the flat surface 12, the fixing hole 13, Fastener 14 and other terms, but this does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitations is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A chuck, including an intermediate body (1), characterized in that it also includes an adjusting bolt (2) and a pair of cover plates (3), and the intermediate body (1) has a penetrating and polygonal installation hole (4), the mounting hole (4) is provided with several slide blocks (5), and a clamping opening (6) is formed between the several slide blocks (5). One side is against the side wall of the corresponding mounting hole (4). The sliders (5) all have inclined surfaces. The slopes of the two adjacent sliders (5) are in contact with each other. Several sliders (5) are aligned with each other. One of the sliders (5) is marked as the first slider (51). The first slider (51) has a slot (7), and the intermediate body (1) also has a slot (7). It has a threaded hole (8), the threaded hole (8) is connected with the mounting hole (4), the adjusting bolt (2) is passed through the threaded hole (8), and the inner end of the adjusting bolt (2) It has a clamping portion (21) that protrudes radially outward along the adjusting bolt (2), and the clamping groove (7) is located at one end of the first slider (51) close to the adjusting bolt (2). The clamping slot (7) 7) Penetrating the first slider (51), the top of the inner wall of the slot (7) has a pair of inwardly protruding clamping strips (10), and the clamping portion (21) is located in the slot (7) In the middle, the clamping part (21) abuts against the clamping bar (10) so that the adjusting bolt (2) and the first slider (51) are clamped together, and a pair of the cover plates (3) are fixed respectively. Connected to both sides of the intermediate body (1), the cover plate (3) has a penetrating through hole (9), the through hole (9) and the clamping port (6) are arranged correspondingly, and several sliders ( The other slider (5) in 5) is marked as the second slider (52). One end of the second slider (52) close to the adjusting bolt (2) has an embedded groove (11), and part of the adjusting bolt (2) Can be embedded in the embedding groove (11). 2. A chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting bolt (2) also includes a head (22), a stem (23) and a transition portion (24), and the head (2) 22) Connected to the clamping part (21) through the rod part (23) and the transition part (24), the head part (22), the rod part (23), the transition part (24) and the clamping part (21) are Integrated structure, the outer wall of the rod part (23) has external threads, the outer wall of the transition part (24) is smooth, along the radial direction of the rod part (23), the clamping part (21) The outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the transition portion (24), and the outer diameter of the clamping portion (21) is smaller than the major diameter of the external thread. 3. A chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of the clamping portion (21) away from the transition portion (24) is hemispherical, and the bottom of the clamping groove (7) is arc-shaped. , when the clamping portion (21) is located in the clamping groove (7), the outer wall of the clamping portion (21) and the inner wall of the clamping slot (7) have a clearance fit. 4. A chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer wall of the intermediate body (1) has a flat surface (12), and the flat surface (12) is in contact with the head of the adjusting bolt (2). (22) matches. 5. A chuck according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the through hole (9) is circular and the diameter of the through hole (9) is larger than the clamping opening (6) ) inner diameter. 6. A chuck according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the thickness of the cover plate (3) is 1-2 cm. 7. A chuck according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the intermediate body (1) has several through fixing holes (13) through which fasteners (14) Pass through the cover plate (3) and pass through the fixing hole (13) to firmly connect the cover plate (3) and the intermediate body (1). 8. A chuck according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the number of the slide blocks (5) is four, which are a first slide block (51), a second slide block (51) and a second slide block (51). block (52), the third slider (53) and the fourth slider (54), the cross section of the mounting hole (4) is square, the first slider (51), the second slider (52) ), the third slider (53) and the fourth slider (54) are all right-angled quadrilaterals in cross-section, and the first slider (51), the second slider (52) and the third slider (53) The right-angled sides of the fourth slider (54) can be pressed against the two adjacent side walls corresponding to the mounting hole (4). The first slider (51), second slider (52), The clamping opening (6) formed between the third slide block (53) and the fourth slide block (54) is square.