CN107371631A - One kind is used for the simple threshing cleaning unit of sunflower seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds. The box body is provided with a hopper, and one side of the box body is provided with a drive box; the box body is provided with an impurity discharge port and a sunflower seed discharge port; the drive box There is a large sprocket and a small sprocket on the side, and the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain. There is a crank handle on the large sprocket, and a rotating shaft is provided on one side of the small sprocket. There is a threshing port, and the bottom of the drive box is provided with a threshing discharge port. The device of the present invention is energy-saving and environmentally friendly by using manual and electric switching methods, and can also meet the problem of no power supply in the field. The manufacturing cost and operating cost of the equipment are far lower than that of combined harvesting machinery. To meet the needs of small-scale and low-cost planting, it can also improve the yield rate of the sunflower seed threshing process, and can meet the needs of threshing and cleaning while replacing simple parts. Therefore, the present invention has a wide range of applications in the field of sunflower threshing and cleaning. applicability.

Description

A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the technical field of sunflower threshing and cleaning devices.

Background technique

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the five major economic crops in the world. It is resistant to salinity, drought, and barrenness. It is also the main oil crop in northern my country. It is increasingly valued as an oil or protein resource. There are quite a few dry and barren low-yield fields and saline-alkali land in China, so sunflower plays an important role in agricultural production. All countries in the world have generally carried out three-line research on the utilization of sunflower heterophylls. my country has carried out research on the utilization of sunflower heterozygous species since the 1970s, and has begun to widely use hybrids in agricultural production.

In recent years, due to the continuous rise in the price of edible sunflowers, the planting area of edible sunflowers has shown a trend of rapid expansion. Although agricultural machinery companies have developed some combine harvesters, the damage of combine harvesters to sunflower seeds is relatively large, and the cost of combine harvesters is high. The temperature in rural areas is low, and farmers spend a long time in slack. If sunflowers can be dried on the plate before harvesting, it will not only avoid a lot of wet sunflowers harvested and go home, moldy and deteriorate the quality, but also allow farmers to process during slack in winter to ensure the quality of sunflowers. , but the method of using traditional manual sticks to beat threshing and manual dustpan cleaning is inefficient, poor in effect, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Especially when conducting hybrid and parental multiplication experiments, it is necessary to distinguish sunflower seeds of different specifications, and there is no area for field planting. Using a combine harvester for threshing due to less material makes it more troublesome to deal with seed residues and is easy to mix. And waste resources.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the lack of suitable small-scale and low-cost sunflower threshing and cleaning equipment in the prior art, the present invention provides a simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds, which uses hand cranking for threshing and cleaning, which ensures both threshing and cleaning. The selection of quality can also be completed at a relatively low cost. When the sunflowers are naturally dried on the poles, the sunflower disks are cut off. The production cost is reduced, and the cleaning and threshing are completed in each equipment, the operation is simple and fast, the threshing is clean and thorough, the cleaning efficiency is high, time and effort are saved, and the enthusiasm of personnel can be effectively mobilized.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

The invention provides a simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds, which includes a box body, a driving box and a hopper. and the sunflower seed discharge port, the impurity discharge port and the sunflower seed discharge port occupy the entire bottom of the box; the side of the drive box is equipped with a large sprocket and a small sprocket, and the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain. There is a crank handle on the sprocket, and a rotating shaft on one side of the small sprocket, which is set through the drive box. The small sprocket and the rotating shaft are fixed on the drive box through bearings, and the side of the drive box away from the large sprocket is provided with a rear cover of the drive box There is a threshing port on the side of the large sprocket on the drive box, and a threshing outlet on the bottom of the drive box; a shaft groove or a protrusion is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, a motor is provided on the back cover of the driving box, and a motor is installed on the end of the drive shaft. A groove or a protrusion adapted to the rotating shaft is provided.

In the present invention, a fan is arranged on the rotating shaft, the central axis of the fan is a tubular structure, and protrusions or grooves matching the grooves of the rotating shaft are provided in the tube.

In the present invention, a detachment mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft, and the central axis of the threshing mechanism is a tubular structure, and a protrusion or a groove corresponding to the groove of the rotating shaft is provided in the tube, a spoke is provided at one end of the central shaft, and a round wheel is provided at the other end of the spoke. .

In the present invention, a feed adjustment plate is provided at the bottom of the hopper, threads are provided under the feed adjustment plate, and a feed adjustment knob is provided outside the bottom of the hopper, and a feed adjustment knob is provided with threads compatible with the feed adjustment plate.

In the present invention, the impurity discharge port and the sunflower seed discharge port occupy the entire bottom of the box body.

In the present invention, the box body and the driving box are provided with supporting legs.

In the present invention, the impurity discharge port and the sunflower seed discharge port are arranged obliquely away from both sides of the box body.

In the present invention, the drive box is cylindrical, and the drive box and the box body are welded together, and an opening is provided at the contact part between the box body and the drive box.

In the present invention, rollers are arranged under the supporting legs.

In the present invention, the spokes are staggered along the central axis.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds described in the present invention utilizes the hand-operated mode to save energy and protect the environment. The manufacturing cost and operation cost of the equipment are far lower than those of combined harvesting machines, and it can also solve the problem that large-scale harvesting machines have high requirements on the planting area and small size. There is no effective machinery for harvesting and cleaning, such as breeding experiments. Manual and electric mode switching can meet the needs of different production volumes, and solve the time-consuming and labor-intensive labor-intensive methods of manually beating threshing and dustpan fan removal Problem, low cost improves production efficiency, and the improvement of the present invention can not only meet the needs of small-scale, low-cost planting, but also improve the yield rate of sunflower seed threshing process, and can satisfy both threshing and cleaning under the condition of replacing simple parts demand, therefore, the present invention has wide applicability in the field of sunflower threshing and cleaning.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the right view structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fan of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the threshing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the small sprocket of the present invention.

In Figure 1-6, 1-box, 2-hopper, 3-drive box, 4-impurity outlet, 5-sunflower seed outlet, 6-supporting leg, 7-threshing outlet, 8-shake handle, 9-fan, 10-big sprocket, 11-chain, 12-small sprocket, 13-feed adjustment plate, 14-feed adjustment knob, 15-threshing port, 16-drive box back cover, 17- Central shaft, 18-round wheel, 19-spoke, 20-motor, 21-rotating shaft groove, 22-rotating shaft.

detailed description

The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1 to 6 and the embodiments, but the device of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component in the device of the present invention is described according to the layout method of accompanying drawing 1, such as: the positional relationship of upper, lower, left and right is based on It is determined by the layout direction of accompanying drawing 1.

Among the present invention, fan (9), large sprocket (10), chain (11), small sprocket (12), motor (20) etc. are all purchased or customized through the normal channels of the market.

Embodiment one:

Referring to accompanying drawings 1-6, the present invention provides a kind of simple and easy threshing cleaning device for sunflower seed, comprises box body (1), driving box (3) and hopper (2), and box body (1) is provided with hopper (2), a drive box (3) is provided on one side of the box body (1); an impurity discharge port (4) and a sunflower seed discharge port (5) are provided under the box body (1); the side of the drive box (3) Be provided with large sprocket (10) and small sprocket (12), be connected by chain (11) between large sprocket (10) and small sprocket (12), be provided with crank (10) on large sprocket (10) 8), one side of the small sprocket (12) is provided with a rotating shaft (22), and the rotating shaft (22) passes through the drive box (3) to set, and the small sprocket (12) and the rotating shaft (22) are fixed on the drive box (3) by bearings ), the drive box (3) is provided with a drive box rear cover (16) on the side away from the large sprocket (10), and the side of the large sprocket (10) on the drive box (3) is provided with a threshing port (15), driving The bottom of the box (3) is provided with a threshing discharge port (7); one end of the rotating shaft (22) is provided with a rotating shaft groove (21) or a protrusion, and the drive case back cover (16) is provided with a motor (20), and the motor (20 ) The drive shaft end is provided with grooves or projections compatible with the rotating shaft (22).

In the present invention, a feed adjustment plate (13) is provided at the bottom of the hopper (2), a thread is provided under the feed adjustment plate (13), and a feed adjustment knob (14) is provided outside the bottom of the hopper (2). Knob (14) is provided with the screw thread that feeds adjusting plate (13) to adapt.

In the present invention, the impurity discharge port (4) and the sunflower seed discharge port (5) occupy the entire bottom of the box body (1).

In the present invention, the box body (1) and the driving box (3) are provided with supporting legs (6).

In the present invention, the impurity discharge port (4) and the sunflower seed discharge port (5) are arranged obliquely away from both sides of the box body (1).

In the present invention, the drive box (3) is cylindrical, and the drive box (3) and the box body (1) are welded together, and an opening is provided at the contact position between the box body (1) and the drive box (3).

In the present invention, rollers are provided under the supporting legs (6).

Embodiment two:

In the present invention, a disengagement mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft (22), and the central axis (17) of the threshing mechanism is a tubular structure, and a protrusion or groove compatible with the rotating shaft groove (21) is provided in the tube, and the central axis (17) One end is provided with spoke (19), and the other end of spoke (19) is provided with round wheel (18). The center shaft (17) of the disengagement mechanism is sleeved on the rotating shaft (22) connected to the small sprocket (12), and the other end of the rotating shaft (22) is inserted into the drive shaft of the motor (20). The staggered spokes (19) are used to rub off the sunflower seeds, so that the sunflower seeds are quickly and cleanly removed, and the sunflower seeds will not be cracked and deformed, and the quality of the sunflower seeds will not be affected.

In the present invention, the spokes (19) are staggered along the central axis (17).

Embodiment three:

In the present invention, a fan (9) is arranged on the rotating shaft (22), and the central axis (17) of the fan (9) is a tubular structure, and protrusions or grooves adapted to the groove (21) of the rotating shaft are provided in the tube. After the fan is installed, the device of the present invention realizes the cleaning of sunflower seeds after separation, the central shaft (17) of the fan (9) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (22) connected to the small sprocket (12), and the other end of the rotating shaft (22) is inserted into the In the motor (20) drive shaft.

Embodiment four:

When the present invention is applied, the threshing mechanism is installed, and the sunflower seed receiving device is placed under the threshing outlet (7), and manual or electric is selected according to the amount of threshing required and the laborer's personal wishes. Put one side of the sunflower seeds on the plate close to the threshing port (15), shake the handle (8) with one hand, quickly wipe off the sunflower seeds, rotate the sunflower plate, and wipe off the handshake side, complete the threshing of one sunflower plate, and start the second one in turn. A sunflower disc threshing, if the threshing amount is large and there is power supply around, select electric for use, at this moment both hands can be constantly exchanged to place the sunflower disc to the threshing port (15), so as to improve the threshing efficiency.

After threshing, remove the rear cover (16) of the driving box, remove the threshing mechanism, replace the fan (9), and put the receiving device on the impurity discharge port (4) and the sunflower seed discharge port (5) respectively , also select manual or electric according to the amount of cleaning required, surrounding power conditions and the wishes of the laborers. When manual is selected, turn the feed knob (14) to reduce the feed speed, and add freshly threshed sunflower seeds into the hopper (2) , shake the crank handle (8) to remove the impurities with a fan. If the amount is large, select the electric mode, turn on the power, increase the feeding speed, and quickly clean, so that the device can meet small-scale production and threshing at home. , It can also quickly thresh in places where there is no power supply in the field, which is efficient and convenient.

Embodiment five:

Select mature sunflower breeding plots to be harvested in the Yili area of Xinjiang for the test, select four hybrid experimental fields of the same size, adopt the manual mode of the device of the present invention, the electric mode of the device of the present invention, manually beat threshing and dustpan cleaning, and combine harvesting of sunflowers There are four ways to harvest by machine, and compare their respective harvesting costs and harvesting efficiency.

From the above experiments, it can be seen that the sunflower combine harvester is the fastest and most efficient in harvesting, but it requires a longer cleaning process when harvesting hybrid breeding varieties, and there are more sunflower seeds left in the machine, and the experimental field is smaller Or it is difficult to turn around when it is irregular, and the cost of the sunflower combine harvester is also high. Although there is no equipment cost for manual beating threshing and dustpan cleaning, the cleaning effect is also very good. The quality of cleaning and threshing is very high, and cleaning is also omitted. The time of equipment, but the speed is very slow, it is difficult to produce in large quantities, the labor intensity of people is high, and the production efficiency is low. The device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, short equipment cleaning process, low equipment manufacturing cost, easy popularization and application, high production efficiency, and low labor intensity of farmers.

As mentioned above, the present invention can be better realized. The above-mentioned embodiment is only a description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by technicians to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection determined by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A simple and easy threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds, comprising a casing, a driving box and a hopper, characterized in that, the casing is provided with a hopper, and one side of the casing is provided with a driving box; The feed port and the sunflower seed discharge port, the impurity discharge port and the sunflower seed discharge port occupy the entire bottom of the box; the side of the drive box is equipped with a large sprocket and a small sprocket, and the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain , the large sprocket is provided with a crank, the small sprocket side is provided with a rotating shaft, which is set through the drive box, the small sprocket and the rotating shaft are fixed on the drive box through bearings, and the side of the drive box away from the large sprocket is provided with a drive box On the back cover, there is a threshing port on the side of the large sprocket on the driving box, and a threshing outlet on the bottom of the driving box; there is a shaft groove or a protrusion on one end of the rotating shaft, and a motor is installed on the back cover of the driving box, and the motor drives the shaft end The head is provided with a groove or a protrusion adapted to the rotating shaft. 2. A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a fan is provided on the rotating shaft, the central axis of the fan is a tubular structure, and a groove suitable for the rotating shaft is provided in the tube. bumps or grooves. 3. A kind of simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, said rotating shaft is provided with a detachment mechanism, the central axis of the threshing mechanism is a tubular structure, and the inside of the tube is provided with a shaft concave. A protrusion or a groove corresponding to the groove, a spoke is arranged at one end of the central axis, and a round wheel is arranged at the other end of the spoke. 4 . The simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds according to claim 3 , wherein the spokes are staggered along the central axis. 5. A kind of simple and easy threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described hopper is provided with feeding regulating plate, is provided with screw thread under the feeding regulating plate, and the outside of hopper bottom is provided with There is a feed adjustment knob, and the feed adjustment knob is provided with a screw thread suitable for the feed adjustment plate. 6 . A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds according to claim 1 , wherein the impurity outlet and the sunflower seed outlet occupy the entire bottom of the box. 7. A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein said box body and drive box are provided with supporting legs. 8 . A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 7 , wherein rollers are arranged under the supporting legs. 9. A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, the impurity discharge port and the sunflower seed discharge port are respectively arranged obliquely away from both sides of the box body. 10. A simple threshing and cleaning device for sunflower seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drive box is cylindrical, the drive box and the box body are welded together, and the position where the box body and the drive box contact Has an opening.