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CN107300294B - Carbon dioxide liquefying device and method of flue gas carbon trapping system - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide liquefying device and method of flue gas carbon trapping system Download PDF

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CN107300294B
CN107300294B CN201710658357.2A CN201710658357A CN107300294B CN 107300294 B CN107300294 B CN 107300294B CN 201710658357 A CN201710658357 A CN 201710658357A CN 107300294 B CN107300294 B CN 107300294B
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汪世清
郭东方
牛红伟
刘练波
郜时旺
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置及方法，该装置包括缓冲罐，缓冲罐入口与来自碳捕集系统的再生气管道相连，缓冲罐出口与低温除湿器高温侧入口相连，低温除湿器高温侧出口依次连接活性炭塔、分子筛塔、第一CO2压缩机、冷凝器、节流阀和气液分离器，气液分离器液体出口与升压泵入口相连，升压泵出口与液态CO2储罐入口相连，气液分离器气体出口与低温除湿器低温侧入口相连，低温除湿器低温侧出口与第二CO2压缩机入口相连，第二CO2压缩机出口与冷凝器入口相连；本发明还公开了该装置进行二氧化碳液化的方法；利用高压超临界CO2节流膨胀实现自身液化，然后通过升压泵增压实现液态CO2过冷，从而省去了独立的氨冷机制冷系统。

Figure 201710658357

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide liquefaction device and method of a flue gas carbon capture system. The device includes a buffer tank, the buffer tank inlet is connected with the regeneration gas pipeline from the carbon capture system, and the buffer tank outlet is connected to the high-temperature side inlet of a low-temperature dehumidifier. Connected, the outlet of the high temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier is connected to the activated carbon tower, the molecular sieve tower, the first CO2 compressor, the condenser, the throttle valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the booster pump The outlet is connected to the inlet of the liquid CO2 storage tank, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature dehumidifier, the outlet of the low-temperature side of the low - temperature dehumidifier is connected to the inlet of the second CO2 compressor, and the outlet of the second CO2 compressor is connected to the condensing connected to the inlet of the device; the invention also discloses a method for liquefying carbon dioxide by the device; using high-pressure supercritical CO2 throttling expansion to realize self-liquefaction, and then pressurizing the booster pump to realize supercooling of liquid CO2 , thereby eliminating the need for an independent Ammonia chiller refrigeration system.

Figure 201710658357

Description

一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置及方法Carbon dioxide liquefaction device and method for a flue gas carbon capture system

技术领域technical field

本发明属于温室气体减排以及气体液化技术领域，具体涉及一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission reduction and gas liquefaction, and in particular relates to a carbon dioxide liquefaction device and method of a flue gas carbon capture system.

背景技术Background technique

二氧化碳(CO2)是最主要的温室气体。工业生产(石油、电力、化工、水泥等)过程中向大气排放大量的二氧化碳气体，导致全球性的气候变化，威胁人类文明社会的可持续发展。Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is the most important greenhouse gas. A large amount of carbon dioxide gas is emitted into the atmosphere during industrial production (petroleum, electric power, chemical industry, cement, etc.), which leads to global climate change and threatens the sustainable development of human civilization.

烟气二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术被广泛认为是实现大规模温室气体减排、遏制气候变化的重要技术途径。采用有机胺作为二氧化碳吸收溶剂的化学吸收法是当前主流的烟气二氧化碳捕集技术，已开发百万吨级工业级示范装置。由于CCUS技术链条中的二氧化碳利用与封存往往与捕集装置的地理位置有一定的距离，需要将CO2从捕集点运输到利用/封存地点。为了便于运输，需要将捕集的CO2气体进行液化，然后通过罐车进行运输。Flue gas carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology is widely regarded as an important technical approach to achieve large-scale reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and curb climate change. The chemical absorption method using organic amines as carbon dioxide absorption solvents is the current mainstream flue gas carbon dioxide capture technology, and a million-ton industrial-scale demonstration device has been developed. Since the utilization and storage of carbon dioxide in the CCUS technology chain often have a certain distance from the geographical location of the capture device, CO2 needs to be transported from the capture point to the utilization/storage site. For ease of transportation, the captured CO2 gas needs to be liquefied and then transported by tank truck.

通过化学吸收法从烟气中捕集并再生出来的二氧化碳再生气温度约为40-50℃，压力约为150-200kPa(绝对压力)，CO2纯度约为95％，另外还有近5％的水分以及微量O2、N2、NO、氨气等杂质气体。常规的液化方式如图1所示。The temperature of the carbon dioxide regeneration gas captured and regenerated from flue gas by chemical absorption is about 40-50°C, the pressure is about 150-200kPa (absolute pressure), and the purity of CO2 is about 95%, and there is another nearly 5% moisture and traces of O 2 , N 2 , NO, ammonia and other impurity gases. The conventional liquefaction method is shown in Figure 1.

常规液化系统的工艺流程如下：The process flow of conventional liquefaction system is as follows:

来自碳捕集系统的CO2再生气(150kPa,40℃)经缓冲罐1缓冲后进入低温除湿器2降温除湿,除去再生气中约5％的水分；经过除湿后的CO2气体被CO2压缩机3压缩至约2.5MPa，压缩机自带冷却系统，将压缩后的气体冷却至35～40℃；压缩后的CO2气体进入活性炭塔4除去有机挥发物VOCs和氨气等微量杂质气体,然后进入分子筛塔5进行深度除湿，以满足工业级CO2标准；净化后的气体进入氨冷器6冷却到约‐20℃(过冷液体)，过冷CO2液体然后在系统压力的作用下被注入液态CO2储罐7进行存储。The CO 2 regeneration gas (150kPa, 40°C) from the carbon capture system is buffered by the buffer tank 1 and then enters the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 to cool down and dehumidify, and remove about 5% of the moisture in the regeneration gas; the dehumidified CO 2 gas is dehumidified by CO 2 The compressor 3 compresses to about 2.5MPa, and the compressor has its own cooling system to cool the compressed gas to 35-40°C; the compressed CO2 gas enters the activated carbon tower 4 to remove organic volatiles VOCs and ammonia gas and other trace impurity gases , and then enter the molecular sieve tower 5 for deep dehumidification to meet the industrial-grade CO 2 standard; the purified gas enters the ammonia cooler 6 to cool to about -20°C (supercooled liquid), and the supercooled CO 2 liquid is then under the action of system pressure The lower is injected into the liquid CO2 storage tank 7 for storage.

常规CO2液化方法是核心设备是氨冷系统，它由氨压缩机8、氨冷凝器9、节流阀10和氨冷器6组成。氨冷器6又称氨蒸发器，在氨冷器6中，冷侧液氨在‐33℃下蒸发吸热，将热测高压CO2气体冷凝液化。氨冷器6冷侧出口的低温氨蒸汽进入低温除湿器2，将流经低温除湿器2热测的CO2气流降温除湿；低温除湿器2冷侧出口的氨气进入氨压缩机8，压缩至约1.5～2MPa，然后经过冷凝器9冷凝至35～40℃，高压氨气经过节流阀10节流膨胀降温发生部分液化，液氨进入氨冷器6，对流经氨冷器6的CO2气体进行降温液化，完成氨制冷循环。The core equipment of the conventional CO2 liquefaction method is the ammonia cooling system, which consists of an ammonia compressor 8, an ammonia condenser 9, a throttle valve 10 and an ammonia cooler 6. The ammonia cooler 6 is also called the ammonia evaporator. In the ammonia cooler 6, the liquid ammonia on the cold side evaporates and absorbs heat at -33°C, and condenses and liquefies the thermally measured high-pressure CO 2 gas. The low-temperature ammonia vapor at the outlet of the cold side of the ammonia cooler 6 enters the low-temperature dehumidifier 2, and cools and dehumidifies the CO gas flow that flows through the thermal detector of the low-temperature dehumidifier 2; the ammonia gas at the outlet of the cold side of the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 enters the ammonia compressor 8, and compresses to about 1.5-2MPa, and then condensed to 35-40°C through the condenser 9, and the high-pressure ammonia gas is partially liquefied through the throttling valve 10, expands and cools down, and the liquid ammonia enters the ammonia cooler 6, and convects the CO flowing through the ammonia cooler 6 2 The gas is cooled and liquefied to complete the ammonia refrigeration cycle.

常规CO2液化系统采用氨冷机作为制冷系统，氨冷机需要定时补充液氨，因此，需要在电厂进行液氨的存储和运输。液氨是一种易燃、带有刺激性气味的危险化学品，因此电厂对于氨的管理和使用非常严格。可见，寻求一种不使用氨冷机的CO2液化系统，提高电厂碳捕集系统的安全性，是十分有意义的。The conventional CO 2 liquefaction system uses an ammonia cooler as the refrigeration system, and the ammonia cooler needs to replenish liquid ammonia regularly. Therefore, it is necessary to store and transport liquid ammonia in the power plant. Liquid ammonia is a flammable and dangerous chemical with a pungent smell, so the management and use of ammonia in power plants are very strict. It can be seen that it is very meaningful to seek a CO 2 liquefaction system that does not use an ammonia cooler to improve the safety of the carbon capture system of the power plant.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了克服上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置及方法，利用高压超临界CO2节流膨胀实现自身液化，然后通过升压泵增压实现液态CO2过冷，从而省去了独立的氨冷机制冷系统。In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide liquefaction device and method of a flue gas carbon capture system, which utilizes high-pressure supercritical CO2 throttling expansion to realize self-liquefaction, and then boosts the carbon dioxide through a booster pump. The liquid CO2 is subcooled by pressure, thus eliminating the need for an independent ammonia chiller refrigeration system.

为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置，包括缓冲罐1，缓冲罐1入口与来自碳捕集系统的再生气管道相连，缓冲罐1出口与低温除湿器2高温侧入口相连，低温除湿器2高温侧出口与活性炭塔3入口相连，活性炭塔3出口与分子筛塔4入口相连，分子筛塔4出口与第一CO2压缩机5入口相连，第一CO2压缩机5出口与冷凝器6入口相连，冷凝器6出口与节流阀7入口相连，节流阀7出口与气液分离器8入口相连，气液分离器8液体出口与升压泵9入口相连，升压泵9出口与液态CO2储罐10入口相连，气液分离器8气体出口与低温除湿器2低温侧入口相连，低温除湿器2低温侧出口与第二CO2压缩机11入口相连，第二CO2压缩机11出口与冷凝器6入口相连。A carbon dioxide liquefaction device of a flue gas carbon capture system, including a buffer tank 1, the inlet of the buffer tank 1 is connected to the regeneration gas pipeline from the carbon capture system, the outlet of the buffer tank 1 is connected to the high temperature side inlet of the low temperature dehumidifier 2, and the low temperature dehumidification The outlet of the high temperature side of the device 2 is connected with the inlet of the activated carbon tower 3, the outlet of the activated carbon tower 3 is connected with the inlet of the molecular sieve tower 4, the outlet of the molecular sieve tower 4 is connected with the inlet of the first CO2 compressor 5, and the outlet of the first CO2 compressor 5 is connected with the condenser 6 The inlet is connected, the outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve 7, the outlet of the throttle valve 7 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 8, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the inlet of the booster pump 9, and the outlet of the booster pump 9 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 8. The inlet of the liquid CO2 storage tank 10 is connected, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature dehumidifier 2, the outlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 is connected with the inlet of the second CO2 compressor 11, and the second CO2 compressor 11 outlets are connected with condenser 6 inlets.

所述烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置的二氧化碳液化方法：The carbon dioxide liquefaction method of the carbon dioxide liquefaction device of the flue gas carbon capture system:

来自碳捕集系统的CO2再生气(150kPa,40℃)经缓冲罐1缓冲后进入低温除湿器2降温除湿,除去再生气中约5％的水分；；经过除湿后的CO2气体进入活性炭塔3除去有机挥发物VOCs和微量杂质气体,然后进入分子筛塔4进行深度除湿，以满足工业级CO2标准；分子筛塔4流出的CO2气体被第一CO2压缩机5压缩至10～15Mpa的超临界状态，然后经过冷凝器6冷却至35～40℃，超临界CO2经过节流阀7节流膨胀，压力降至1.5～2MPa，温度降至-25℃，CO2发生部分液化；液化后的CO2经过气液分离罐8分离，然后经过升压泵9升压至2.5MPa，得到过冷的液体CO2，并压入液态CO2储罐10进行存储；气液分离罐8分离出来的未液化的低温CO2气体经过低温除湿器2，对热测CO2气体进行降温除湿，然后经第二CO2压缩机11压缩至10～15MPa的超临界，与第一CO2压缩机5出口的超临界CO2混合后进入冷凝器6，然后进行节流膨胀液化。The CO 2 regeneration gas (150kPa, 40°C) from the carbon capture system is buffered by the buffer tank 1 and then enters the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 to cool down and dehumidify, and remove about 5% of the moisture in the regeneration gas; the dehumidified CO 2 gas enters the activated carbon The tower 3 removes organic volatiles VOCs and trace impurity gases, and then enters the molecular sieve tower 4 for deep dehumidification to meet the industrial CO2 standard; the CO2 gas flowing out of the molecular sieve tower 4 is compressed by the first CO2 compressor 5 to 10-15Mpa The supercritical state, and then cooled to 35-40°C by the condenser 6, the supercritical CO 2 is throttled and expanded by the throttle valve 7, the pressure drops to 1.5-2MPa, the temperature drops to -25°C, and the CO 2 is partially liquefied; The liquefied CO 2 is separated by the gas-liquid separation tank 8, and then boosted to 2.5 MPa by the booster pump 9 to obtain supercooled liquid CO 2 , which is then pressed into the liquid CO 2 storage tank 10 for storage; the gas-liquid separation tank 8 The separated unliquefied low-temperature CO 2 gas passes through the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 to cool and dehumidify the thermal CO 2 gas, and then is compressed to a supercritical level of 10-15 MPa by the second CO 2 compressor 11, and compressed with the first CO 2 The supercritical CO 2 at the outlet of machine 5 enters condenser 6 after being mixed, and then undergoes throttling expansion and liquefaction.

与常规CO2液化装置相比，本发明有以下特点：Compared with the conventional CO2 liquefaction device, the present invention has the following characteristics:

1)常规CO2液化装置是通过独立的制冷循环，对CO2产品气进行间接换热达到冷却液化的目的；而本发明所述CO2液化装置没有独立的制冷循环，而是通过对CO2产品气进行压缩、节流膨胀达到自身降温液化。1) The conventional CO 2 liquefaction device uses an independent refrigeration cycle to perform indirect heat exchange on the CO 2 product gas to achieve the purpose of cooling and liquefying; while the CO 2 liquefaction device of the present invention does not have an independent refrigeration cycle, but uses CO 2 The product gas is compressed, throttled and expanded to achieve self-cooling and liquefaction.

2)常规CO2液化装置使用氨作为制冷工质；本发明所述CO2液化装置没有独立的制冷循环，因此不涉及制冷工质的使用。2) A conventional CO2 liquefaction device uses ammonia as a refrigerant; the CO2 liquefaction device of the present invention does not have an independent refrigeration cycle, and therefore does not involve the use of a refrigerant.

3)常规的CO2液化装置无论是CO2压缩机还是氨压缩机压力都在2.5MPa以下；本发明所述CO2液化装置涉及10MPa以上的高压系统，对压力要求较高。3) The conventional CO 2 liquefaction device, whether it is a CO 2 compressor or an ammonia compressor, has a pressure below 2.5 MPa; the CO 2 liquefaction device of the present invention involves a high-pressure system above 10 MPa, which requires relatively high pressure.

4)本发明所述CO2液化装置与常规CO2液化装置的能耗水平相当。4) The energy consumption level of the CO 2 liquefaction device of the present invention is equivalent to that of conventional CO 2 liquefaction devices.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为常规的烟气碳捕集系统二氧化碳液化装置示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide liquefaction device of a conventional flue gas carbon capture system.

图2为本发明所述的烟气碳捕集系统二氧化碳液化装置示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide liquefaction device of the flue gas carbon capture system according to the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为清楚说明本发明，下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。本领域技术人员了解，下述内容不是对本发明保护范围的限制，任何在本发明基础上做出的改进和变化，都在本发明的保护范围之内。In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art understand that the following content does not limit the protection scope of the present invention, and any improvements and changes made on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

根据本发明优选的实施例，烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置工艺流程和系统装置连接结构如图2所示。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process flow and connection structure of the carbon dioxide liquefaction device of the flue gas carbon capture system are shown in FIG. 2 .

本发明一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置，包括如下设备：A carbon dioxide liquefaction device of a flue gas carbon capture system according to the present invention comprises the following equipment:

缓冲罐1、低温除湿器2、活性炭塔3、分子筛塔4、CO2压缩机5、冷凝器6、节流阀7、气液分离罐8、升压泵9、液态CO2储罐10、CO2压缩机11。Buffer tank 1, cryogenic dehumidifier 2, activated carbon tower 3, molecular sieve tower 4, CO2 compressor 5, condenser 6, throttle valve 7, gas-liquid separation tank 8, booster pump 9, liquid CO2 storage tank 10, CO compressor 11.

所述工艺各系统和设备连接方式如下：The various systems and equipment connections of the process are as follows:

缓冲罐1入口与来自碳捕集系统的再生气管道相连，缓冲罐1出口与低温除湿器2高温侧入口相连，低温除湿器2高温侧出口与活性炭塔3入口相连，活性炭塔3出口与分子筛塔4入口相连，分子筛塔4出口与第一CO2压缩机5入口相连，第一CO2压缩机5出口与冷凝器6入口相连，冷凝器6出口与节流阀7入口相连，节流阀7出口与气液分离器8入口相连，气液分离器8液体出口与升压泵9入口相连，升压泵9出口与液态CO2储罐10入口相连，气液分离器8气体出口与低温除湿器2低温侧入口相连，低温除湿器2低温侧出口与第二CO2压缩机11入口相连，第二CO2压缩机11出口与冷凝器6入口相连。The inlet of the buffer tank 1 is connected to the regeneration gas pipeline from the carbon capture system, the outlet of the buffer tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the high temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier 2, the outlet of the high temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier 2 is connected to the inlet of the activated carbon tower 3, and the outlet of the activated carbon tower 3 is connected to the molecular sieve The inlet of the tower 4 is connected, the outlet of the molecular sieve tower 4 is connected with the inlet of the first CO2 compressor 5, the outlet of the first CO2 compressor 5 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 6, the outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve 7, and the throttle valve The outlet 7 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 8, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected to the inlet of the booster pump 9, the outlet of the booster pump 9 is connected to the inlet of the liquid CO2 storage tank 10, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected to the low temperature The inlet of the low temperature side of the dehumidifier 2 is connected, the outlet of the low temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier 2 is connected with the inlet of the second CO2 compressor 11, and the outlet of the second CO2 compressor 11 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 6.

本发明所述系统的工艺流程如下：The technological process of system of the present invention is as follows:

来自碳捕集系统的CO2再生气(150kPa,40℃)经缓冲罐1缓冲后进入低温除湿器2降温除湿,除去再生气中约5％的水分；；经过除湿后的CO2气体进入活性炭塔3除去有机挥发物VOCs和氨气等微量杂质气体,然后进入分子筛塔4进行深度除湿，以满足工业级CO2标准；分子筛塔4流出的CO2气体被第一CO2压缩机5压缩至10～15MPa(超临界)，然后经过冷凝器6冷却至35～40℃，超临界CO2经过节流阀7节流膨胀，压力降至约1.5～2MPa，温度降至约-25℃，CO2发生部分液化。液化后的CO2经过气液分离罐8分离，然后经过升压泵9升压至2.5MPa，得到过冷的液体CO2，并压入液态CO2储罐10进行存储。气液分离罐8分离出来的未液化的低温CO2气体经过低温除湿器2，对热测CO2气体进行降温除湿，然后经第二CO2压缩机11压缩至10～15MPa(超临界)，与第一CO2压缩机5出口的超临界CO2混合后进入冷凝器6，然后进行节流膨胀液化。The CO 2 regeneration gas (150kPa, 40°C) from the carbon capture system is buffered by the buffer tank 1 and then enters the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 to cool down and dehumidify, and remove about 5% of the moisture in the regeneration gas; the dehumidified CO 2 gas enters the activated carbon Tower 3 removes trace impurity gases such as organic volatiles VOCs and ammonia, and then enters molecular sieve tower 4 for deep dehumidification to meet industrial-grade CO2 standards; the CO2 gas flowing out of molecular sieve tower 4 is compressed by the first CO2 compressor 5 to 10-15MPa (supercritical), then cooled to 35-40°C through condenser 6, supercritical CO 2 throttling and expanding through throttle valve 7, the pressure drops to about 1.5-2MPa, and the temperature drops to about -25°C, CO 2 Partial liquefaction occurs. The liquefied CO 2 is separated by the gas-liquid separation tank 8 , and then boosted to 2.5 MPa by the booster pump 9 to obtain supercooled liquid CO 2 , which is then pressed into the liquid CO 2 storage tank 10 for storage. The unliquefied low-temperature CO2 gas separated by the gas-liquid separation tank 8 passes through the low-temperature dehumidifier 2 to cool and dehumidify the thermal CO2 gas, and then is compressed to 10-15MPa (supercritical) by the second CO2 compressor 11, After being mixed with the supercritical CO 2 from the outlet of the first CO 2 compressor 5, it enters the condenser 6, and then undergoes throttling expansion and liquefaction.

Claims (2)

1.一种烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置，包括缓冲罐(1)，缓冲罐(1)入口与来自碳捕集系统的再生气管道相连，其特征在于：缓冲罐(1)出口与低温除湿器(2)高温侧入口相连，低温除湿器(2)高温侧出口与活性炭塔(3)入口相连，活性炭塔(3)出口与分子筛塔(4)入口相连，分子筛塔(4)出口与第一CO2压缩机(5)入口相连，第一CO2压缩机(5)出口与冷凝器(6)入口相连，冷凝器(6)出口与节流阀(7)入口相连，节流阀(7)出口与气液分离器(8)入口相连，气液分离器(8)液体出口与升压泵(9)入口相连，升压泵(9)出口与液态CO2储罐(10)入口相连，气液分离器(8)气体出口与低温除湿器(2)低温侧入口相连，低温除湿器(2)低温侧出口与第二CO2压缩机(11)入口相连，第二CO2压缩机(11)出口与冷凝器(6)入口相连。1. A carbon dioxide liquefaction device of a flue gas carbon capture system, comprising a buffer tank (1), the inlet of the buffer tank (1) is connected with the regeneration gas pipeline from the carbon capture system, and it is characterized in that: the outlet of the buffer tank (1) It is connected to the inlet of the high temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier (2), the outlet of the high temperature side of the low temperature dehumidifier (2) is connected to the inlet of the activated carbon tower (3), the outlet of the activated carbon tower (3) is connected to the inlet of the molecular sieve tower (4), and the molecular sieve tower (4) The outlet is connected to the inlet of the first CO2 compressor (5), the outlet of the first CO2 compressor (5) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (6), and the outlet of the condenser (6) is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve (7). The outlet of the flow valve (7) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (8), the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected to the inlet of the booster pump (9), and the outlet of the booster pump (9) is connected to the liquid CO storage tank ( 10) The inlet is connected, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature dehumidifier (2), the outlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature dehumidifier (2) is connected with the inlet of the second CO2 compressor (11), and the second The outlet of the CO compressor (11) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (6). 2.权利要求1所述烟气碳捕集系统的二氧化碳液化装置的二氧化碳液化方法，其特征在于：来自碳捕集系统的CO2再生气经缓冲罐(1)缓冲后进入低温除湿器(2)降温除湿,除去再生气中约5％的水分；经过除湿后的CO2气体进入活性炭塔(3)除去有机挥发物VOCs和微量杂质气体,然后进入分子筛塔(4)进行深度除湿，以满足工业级CO2标准；分子筛塔(4)流出的CO2气体被第一CO2压缩机(5)压缩至10～15Mpa的超临界状态，然后经过冷凝器(6)冷却至35～40℃，超临界CO2经过节流阀(7)节流膨胀，压力降至1.5～2MPa，温度降至-25℃，CO2发生部分液化；液化后的CO2经过气液分离器(8)分离，然后经过升压泵(9)升压至2.5MPa，得到过冷的液体CO2，并压入液态CO2储罐(10)进行存储；气液分离器(8)分离出来的未液化的低温CO2气体经过低温除湿器(2)，对热测CO2气体进行降温除湿，然后经第二CO2压缩机(11)压缩至10～15MPa的超临界，与第一CO2压缩机(5)出口的超临界CO2混合后进入冷凝器(6)，然后进行节流膨胀液化。2. the carbon dioxide liquefaction method of the carbon dioxide liquefaction device of the flue gas carbon capture system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: from the CO of the carbon capture system regeneration gas enters the low temperature dehumidifier (2) after the buffer tank (1) buffers ) cooling and dehumidification to remove about 5% of the moisture in the regeneration gas; the dehumidified CO 2 gas enters the activated carbon tower (3) to remove organic volatiles VOCs and trace impurity gases, and then enters the molecular sieve tower (4) for deep dehumidification to meet Industrial-grade CO2 standard; the CO2 gas flowing out of the molecular sieve tower (4) is compressed by the first CO2 compressor (5) to a supercritical state of 10-15Mpa, and then cooled to 35-40°C through the condenser (6). The supercritical CO 2 is throttled and expanded by the throttle valve (7), the pressure drops to 1.5-2MPa, the temperature drops to -25°C, and the CO 2 is partially liquefied; the liquefied CO 2 is separated by the gas-liquid separator (8), Then the pressure is boosted to 2.5MPa by the booster pump (9) to obtain supercooled liquid CO 2 , which is pressed into the liquid CO 2 storage tank (10) for storage; the unliquefied low-temperature gas separated by the gas-liquid separator (8) The CO2 gas passes through the low-temperature dehumidifier (2) to cool and dehumidify the thermal CO2 gas, and then is compressed to a supercritical level of 10-15MPa by the second CO2 compressor (11), and is combined with the first CO2 compressor (5 ) outlet supercritical CO 2 enters the condenser (6) after being mixed, and then throttling and expanding to liquefy.
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