CN107294419A - Pulse power supply circuit, the pulse power, the control method of electromagnetic launch system and pulse power supply circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse power supply circuit, a pulse power supply, an electromagnetic emitting device and a control method for the pulse power supply circuit. The positive pole of the power supply is connected with the anode of the first thyristor, and the negative pole is connected with the ground pole. The second thyristor and the energy conversion capacitor are sequentially connected in series between the cathode of the first thyristor and the ground electrode. The cathode of the second thyristor is connected to the cathode of the first thyristor. The opposite ends of the first inductor and the second inductor are connected and connected between the cathode of the first thyristor and the ground electrode. One end of the third inductor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor, and the other end is connected to the anode of the third thyristor. The cathode of the third thyristor is connected to the anode of the second thyristor. The cathode of the diode is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor. The cathode of the fourth thyristor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor. The anode is connected to the anode of the second thyristor. The energy conversion capacitor can subsequently collect the residual energy of the second inductance, thereby improving the energy utilization rate.

Description

Pulse power supply circuit, pulse power supply, electromagnetic emission device and control of pulse power supply circuit method

technical field

The invention relates to the energy field, in particular to a pulse power supply circuit, a pulse power supply, an electromagnetic emission device and a control method for the pulse power supply circuit.

Background technique

Electromagnetic emission is the emerging technology of accelerating objects by electromagnetic force. Compared with traditional emission technology, electromagnetic emission has the advantages of high energy efficiency, high control precision and fast response speed. With the continuous development of science and technology (especially computer control technology and power electronics technology), the practical process of electromagnetic emission technology is constantly accelerating. The electromagnetic emission device is generally composed of a transmitter, a component to be emitted and a pulse power supply. Pulse power supplies generally need to provide megaampere-level pulse current and megajoule-level pulse energy within milliseconds. The pulse power supply used for electromagnetic emission is generally composed of three parts: power supply, intermediate energy storage link and pulse forming network. The power supply charges the intermediate energy storage link for a long time. After the charging is completed, the intermediate energy storage link transfers energy to the pulse forming network in a short period of time. The pulse forming network outputs high-power pulse current to the load through rapid compression conversion.

As far as the main disadvantage of the inductive energy storage type pulse power supply is concerned, after the fired component is out of the chamber, there is still a lot of energy remaining in the inductive coil. This part of energy accounts for a relatively high proportion of the total pre-charging energy, making the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system low. At present, the main treatment method for residual energy is to provide a freewheeling path for the inductor coil through the arc-extinguishing resistor, so that the residual energy is dissipated in the form of heat on the internal resistance of the inductor coil and the arc-extinguishing resistor, resulting in a waste of energy.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pulse power supply that can re-storage and utilize the excess energy retained in the inductance coil for the problem that the traditional inductive energy storage pulse power supply still has a lot of energy remaining in the inductance coil after the launch assembly is released. circuit.

A pulse power supply circuit, comprising a power supply, a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor, a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, an energy conversion capacitor, and a diode;

The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the anode of the first thyristor, and the negative pole of the power supply is connected to the ground electrode;

The second thyristor and the energy conversion capacitor are sequentially connected in series between the cathode of the first thyristor and the ground electrode, and the cathode of the second thyristor is connected to the cathode of the first thyristor;

The opposite ends of the first inductor and the second inductor are connected and connected between the cathode of the first thyristor and the ground electrode;

One end of the third inductor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor, the other end of the third inductor is connected to the anode of the third thyristor, and the cathode of the third thyristor is connected to the third thyristor. The anode of the second thyristor is connected;

The cathode of the diode is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor, and the anode of the diode is connected to a load;

A fourth thyristor is also included, the cathode of the fourth thyristor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor, and the anode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the anode of the second thyristor.

In one of the embodiments, the coupling coefficients of the first inductance and the second inductance are greater than 95%.

In one of the embodiments, the first thyristor is a fast recovery thyristor.

In one of the embodiments, the energy conversion capacitor is a pulse capacitor.

A pulse power supply includes the pulse power supply circuit.

In one embodiment, the pulse power supply is included, the load is a rail gun, one end of the rail gun is connected to the anode of the diode, and the other end of the rail gun is connected to the ground electrode.

A control method for a pulse power supply circuit, for controlling the pulse power supply circuit, comprising the following steps:

The energy conversion capacitor is precharged;

The power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second inductor and the energy conversion capacitor discharge to a load;

The energy conversion capacitor collects residual energy of the second inductor through the fourth thyristor.

In one of the embodiments, the form of precharging the energy conversion capacitor is:

One end of the energy conversion capacitor connected to the second thyristor is pre-charged with a negative voltage, and one end of the energy conversion capacitor connected to the ground electrode is pre-charged with a positive voltage.

In one of the embodiments, the power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor, and the step of discharging the second inductor and the energy conversion capacitor to the load includes:

triggering and turning on the first thyristor, so that the power supply charges the first inductor and the second inductor to a preset value;

triggering and turning on the third thyristor, so that the energy conversion capacitor is discharged to the load, and the third thyristor is turned off when the current passing through the third thyristor is zero;

triggering and turning on the second thyristor so that the energy conversion capacitor collects leakage inductance energy between the first inductor and the second inductor;

triggering and turning on the third thyristor, and the energy conversion capacitor discharges the collected leakage inductance energy to the load until the current passing through the third thyristor is zero to turn off the third thyristor;

The second inductor discharges directly to the load until the load is disconnected or the current through the diode drops to zero.

In one of the embodiments, the energy conversion capacitor collects the residual energy of the second inductor through the fourth thyristor as follows:

The fourth thyristor is triggered before the load is disconnected or the current passing through the diode drops to zero, and the energy conversion capacitor collects residual energy of the second inductor.

In the pulse power supply circuit provided by the present invention, the cathode of the fourth thyristor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor. The anode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the anode of the second thyristor. The energy conversion capacitor can collect the residual energy of the second inductor through the fourth thyristor after the load is disconnected or the current passing through the diode is zero for the next use, which improves the energy utilization rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the pulse power supply circuit that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

2 is a schematic diagram of a first inductance current and a second inductance current of a pulse power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the attached current and the armature speed schematic diagram of the pulse power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the current and voltage of the energy conversion capacitor of the pulse power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an acceleration device for a pulse power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of main component symbols

Pulse power supply circuit 10, power supply 110, first thyristor 120, second thyristor 130, third thyristor 140, third inductor 150, first inductor 160, second inductor 170, energy conversion capacitor 180, diode 190, fourth thyristor 200 , load 210, acceleration device 300, guide rail 310, armature 320, projectile 330.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and technical effect of the present invention clearer, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a pulse power supply circuit 10 . The pulse power supply circuit includes a power supply 110 , a first thyristor 120 , a second thyristor 130 , a third thyristor 140 , a first inductor 160 , a second inductor 170 , a third inductor 150 , an energy conversion capacitor 180 , and a diode 190 . The anode of the power supply 110 is connected to the anode of the first thyristor 120 . The negative electrode of the power supply 110 is connected to the ground electrode. The second thyristor 130 and the energy conversion capacitor 180 are sequentially connected in series between the cathode of the first thyristor 120 and the ground electrode. The cathode of the second thyristor 130 is connected to the cathode of the first thyristor 120 . The opposite ends of the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 are connected and connected between the cathode of the first thyristor 120 and the ground electrode. One end of the third inductor 150 is connected between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 , and the other end of the third inductor 150 is connected to the anode of the third thyristor 140 . The cathode of the third thyristor 140 is connected to the anode of the second thyristor 130 . The cathode of the diode 190 is connected between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 . The anode of the diode 190 is used to connect to the load 210 . The pulse power supply circuit 10 also includes a fourth thyristor 200 . The cathode of the fourth thyristor 200 is connected between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 . The anode of the fourth thyristor 200 is connected to the anode of the second thyristor 130 .

Each of the first thyristor 120 , the second thyristor 130 , the third thyristor 140 and the fourth thyristor 200 may include a cathode, an anode and a gate. The working principles of the first thyristor 120, the second thyristor 130, the third thyristor 140, and the fourth thyristor 200 are as follows:

When subjected to a forward anode voltage, the thyristor conducts only when the gate is subjected to a forward voltage. At this time, the thyristor is in the forward conduction state;

In the case of conduction, as long as there is a certain positive anode voltage, the thyristor remains on regardless of the gate voltage, that is, after the thyristor is turned on, the gate loses its function. The gate only acts as a trigger;

In the case of conduction, when the main circuit voltage or current decreases to close to zero, the thyristor is turned off.

The power source can be any DC power source, such as a dry battery, a storage battery, a DC generator, and the like. The diode 190 can be a germanium diode Ge tube or a silicon diode Si tube, as long as the diode 190 has the function of unidirectional conduction.

The opposite ends of the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 are connected and serially connected in series between the cathode of the first thyristor 120 and the ground electrode so that the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 It has the effect of mutual coupling enhancement and enhances the inductance strength.

In the pulse power supply circuit 10 , the cathode of the fourth thyristor 200 is connected between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 . The anode of the fourth thyristor 200 is connected to the anode of the second thyristor 130 . The energy conversion capacitor 180 can collect the residual energy of the second inductor through the fourth thyristor 200 after the load 210 is disconnected or the current passing through the diode 190 is zero for the next use, which improves the energy utilization rate . The setting of the second inductance 170 changes the working state of the pulse power supply circuit 10 and greatly improves the practical performance of the pulse power supply circuit 10 .

In one embodiment, the coupling coefficient between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 is greater than 95%. When the coupling coefficient is greater than 95%, power can be transferred better, the equivalent inductance can be enhanced, more energy can be stored for amplification to the load 210, and the energy utilization rate can be improved.

In one embodiment, the first thyristor 120 is a fast recovery thyristor. Fast recovery thyristors can be used in higher frequency rectification, chopping, inverter and frequency conversion circuits. The fast recovery type thyristor has a faster turn-on and turn-off speed, less damage to the thyristor, and is more durable. The first thyristor 120 directly controls the current output of the power supply 110 , so it has better flexibility and can improve the working efficiency of the circuit.

In one of the embodiments, the energy conversion capacitor 180 is a pulse capacitor. The pulse capacitor can store the energy charged to the pulse capacitor in a relatively long time interval. And it can quickly release the stored energy in a very short time interval to form a strong impact current and a strong impact power.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a pulse power supply, including the pulse power supply circuit 10 described above. The pulse power supply can provide megaampere-level pulse current and megajoule-level pulse energy within millisecond-level time. It can be applied in the field of electromagnetic emission. And the energy in the second inductor 170 in the pulse power supply can be recovered after the work is completed, which has the advantage of saving energy.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electromagnetic emission device, which includes the pulse power supply. The load 210 may be an acceleration device. The acceleration device 300 may be provided with an armature 320 , a rail 310 and a projectile 330 . Both ends of the track 310 can be connected to the input and output ends of the pulse power supply. The current output by the pulse power supply is delivered to the armature 320 through the track 310 . The armature 320 drives the projectile 330 to accelerate, and finally launches the projectile 330 at a high speed. One end of the acceleration device is connected to the anode of the diode 190, and the other end of the acceleration device is connected to the ground electrode. An armature is arranged in the acceleration device, and the electromagnetic emission device can provide instantaneous high energy to the armature to accelerate the outward movement of the armature. The energy in the second inductor 170 can be recovered after the electromagnetic emitting device is finished working.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method of a pulse power supply circuit, which is used to control the pulse power supply circuit, and the control method of the pulse power supply circuit includes the following steps:

S100, the energy conversion capacitor 180 is precharged;

S200, the power supply 110 charges the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170, and the second inductor 170 and the energy conversion capacitor 180 discharge to a load 210;

S300, the energy conversion capacitor 180 collects residual energy of the second inductor 170 through the fourth thyristor 200 .

By precharging the energy conversion capacitor 180 , the load 210 can be discharged after the energy conversion capacitor 180 is connected to the load 210 , thereby improving the energy utilization rate. The power supply 110 can provide energy for the first inductance 160 and the second inductance 170, and the first inductance 160 and the second inductance 170 can have a strong coupling effect after electrification, thereby enhancing the equivalent inductance. Prepare for discharging to the load 210 . After the load 210 is discharged, the energy conversion capacitor 180 can recover the remaining energy in the second inductor 170 and use it when discharging the load 210 next time, which can improve energy utilization.

In one of the embodiments, the step of precharging the energy conversion capacitor 180 includes:

One end of the energy conversion capacitor 180 connected to the second thyristor 130 is pre-charged with a negative voltage, and one end of the energy conversion capacitor 180 connected to the ground electrode is pre-charged with a positive voltage. One end of the energy conversion capacitor 180 connected to the second thyristor 130 is pre-charged with a negative voltage, and the end of the energy conversion capacitor 180 connected to the ground electrode is pre-charged with a positive voltage so that the third thyristor 140 can be turned on. Afterwards, the energy conversion capacitor 180 and the load 210 form a loop. The energy conversion capacitor 180 can charge the load 210 .

In one embodiment, the power supply 110 charges the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170, and the step S200 of discharging the second inductor 170 and the energy conversion capacitor 180 to the load 210 includes:

S210, triggering and turning on the first thyristor 120, so that the power supply 110 charges the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 to a preset value;

S220, triggering and turning on the third thyristor 140, so that the energy conversion capacitor 180 discharges to the load 210, and the third thyristor 140 is turned off when the current passing through the third thyristor 140 is zero;

S230, triggering and turning on the third thyristor 140, and the energy conversion capacitor 180 discharges the collected leakage inductance energy to the load 210 until the current passing through the third thyristor 140 is zero and the third thyristor 140 is turned off broken;

S240, triggering and turning on the third thyristor 140, and the energy conversion capacitor 180 discharges the collected leakage inductance energy to the load 210 until the current passing through the third thyristor 140 is zero to turn off the third thyristor 140 broken;

S250, the second inductor 170 discharges directly to the load 210 until the load 210 is disconnected or the current through the diode 190 drops to zero.

In step S210, the power supply 110 charges the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 to a preset value, and the preset value is set according to the current and power actually required by the project.

In step S220, after the third thyristor 140 is turned off, the power supply 110 continues to charge the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 .

In step S230, when the second thyristor 130 is triggered to be turned on, the current of the energy conversion capacitor 180 increases to the charging current of the first inductor 160, and the first thyristor 120 is turned off by back pressure; the The energy conversion capacitor 180 continues to charge the first inductance 160 and the second inductance 170 until its pre-charging energy is completely exhausted; the diode 190 is turned on, and the load 210 current increases; the energy conversion capacitor 180 collects The leakage inductance energy between the first inductance 160 and the second inductance 170; the current passing through the second thyristor 130 is zero, the second thyristor 130 is turned off, and the second inductance 170 directly flows to the load 210 discharge.

Wherein, when the first thyristor 120 receives back pressure, the current will decrease to zero and be turned off. After the diode 190 is turned on, the current of the first inductor 160 rapidly decreases to zero, and the current of the second inductor rapidly increases. The energy conversion capacitor 180 can collect leakage inductance energy between the first inductor 160 and the second inductor 170 .

In one of the embodiments, the step S300 of collecting the residual energy of the second inductor 170 by the energy conversion capacitor 180 through the fourth thyristor 200 is as follows:

The fourth thyristor 200 is triggered before the load 210 is disconnected or the current passing through the diode 190 drops to zero, and the energy conversion capacitor 180 collects the residual energy of the second inductor 170 . It can be understood that the current energy in the second inductance 170 is very large at the moment before the load 210 is disconnected, and turning on the fourth thyristor 200 when the energy in the second inductance 170 is about to be released can turn on the The energy in the second inductor 170 is quickly recovered to the energy conversion capacitor 180 .

The control method of the pulse power supply circuit controls the working state of the circuit by controlling the switching time of different thyristors. Wherein, the opening and closing time of the thyristor can be controlled by a program set in the single-chip microcomputer. The microcontroller can be integrated in the circuit board.

In one of the embodiments, the physical parameters and trigger parameters of each element are set:

Power supply 110 voltage 500V

The first inductance 160 inductance value 1mH

The second inductance 170 inductance value 0.25mH

Inductive coupling coefficient 97.5%

The resistance of the first inductor 160 is 50mΩ

The resistance of the second inductor 170 is 10mΩ

Energy conversion capacitor 180 capacitance 1mF

Energy conversion capacitor 180 pre-charge voltage -4000V

Energy conversion capacitor 180 resistance 2mΩ

The fourth inductance 150 inductance value 50μH

The triggering time of the first thyristor 120 is 0ms

The first triggering time of the third thyristor 140 is 28ms

The triggering time of the second thyristor 130 is 30ms

The second triggering time of the third thyristor 140 is 33ms

The triggering time of the fourth thyristor 200 is 38.5ms

Load lead resistance 5mΩ

Armature mass 3g

Armature initial position 0.1m

Track length 0.5m

Track inductance gradient 0.45μH/m

Track resistance gradient 0.5mΩ/m

Gun Tail Lead Resistance 2mΩ

Referring to FIG. 2 , when the third thyristor 140 is triggered for the first time, the current of the second inductor 170 decreases rapidly, and the current of the first inductor 160 increases rapidly. After the third thyristor 140 is triggered for the second time, the current of the second inductor 170 increases rapidly, and the current of the first inductor 160 decreases rapidly. After the fourth thyristor 200 is triggered, the current of the first inductor 160 and the current of the second inductor 170 drop to zero rapidly.

Please refer to FIG. 3, after the first trigger of the third thyristor 140, the armature starts to start slowly, and the current of the load 210 increases rapidly, and after the second trigger of the third thyristor 140, the load 210 the current increases rapidly again, the armature speed increases rapidly, and the armature can be ejected before the fourth thyristor 200 triggers.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , the current of the energy conversion capacitor 180 can rapidly increase after the first trigger of the third thyristor 140 , and the voltage changes from negative to positive. When the second thyristor 130 is triggered, the negative current of the energy conversion capacitor 180 increases, and the voltage changes from positive to negative. When the third thyristor 140 is triggered, the current of the energy conversion capacitor 180 changes from zero to positive current, and the voltage changes from negative to positive. When the fourth thyristor 200 is triggered, the current of the energy conversion capacitor 180 changes from zero to a negative current and gradually returns to zero, and the voltage changes from a positive voltage to a negative voltage. Restore to the original energy storage state, ready for the next use.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed” to another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are used herein for purposes of illustration only.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A pulse power supply circuit, comprising a power supply (110), a first thyristor (120), a second thyristor (130), a third thyristor (140), a first inductance (160), a second inductance (170), a first Three inductors (150), energy conversion capacitors (180), diodes (190); The positive pole of the power supply (110) is connected to the anode of the first thyristor (120), and the negative pole of the power supply (110) is connected to the ground electrode; The second thyristor (130) and the energy conversion capacitor (180) are sequentially connected in series between the cathode of the first thyristor (120) and the ground electrode, and the cathode of the second thyristor (130) is connected to the first thyristor (130) The cathode of a thyristor (120) is connected; The opposite ends of the first inductor (160) and the second inductor (170) are connected and connected between the cathode of the first thyristor (120) and the ground electrode; One end of the third inductor (150) is connected between the first inductor (160) and the second inductor (170), and the other end of the third inductor (150) is connected to the third thyristor ( 140), the cathode of the third thyristor (140) is connected to the anode of the second thyristor (130); The cathode of the diode (190) is connected between the first inductance (160) and the second inductance (170), and the anode of the diode (190) is used to connect the load (210); It is characterized in that it also includes a fourth thyristor (200), the cathode of the fourth thyristor (200) is connected between the first inductor (160) and the second inductor (170), and the fourth thyristor The anode of (200) is connected to the anode of said second thyristor (130). 2. The pulse power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the coupling coefficient between the first inductance (160) and the second inductance (170) is greater than 95%. 3. The pulse power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first thyristor (120) is a fast recovery thyristor. 4. The pulse power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the energy conversion capacitor (180) is a pulse capacitor. 5. A pulse power supply, characterized in that it comprises the pulse power supply circuit (10) according to any one of claims 1-4. 6. An electromagnetic emission device, characterized in that comprising the pulse power supply according to claim 5, the load (210) is an acceleration device, one end of the acceleration device is connected to the anode of the diode (190), the The other end of the acceleration device is connected to the ground electrode. 7. A control method for a pulse power supply circuit, for controlling the pulse power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: The energy conversion capacitor (180) is precharged; The power supply (110) charges the first inductance (160) and the second inductance (170), and the second inductance (170) and the energy conversion capacitor (180) discharge to a load (210); The energy conversion capacitor (180) collects residual energy of the second inductor (170) through the fourth thyristor (200). 8. The control method of the pulse power supply circuit as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the form of precharging of the energy conversion capacitor (180) is: One end of the energy conversion capacitor (180) connected to the second thyristor (130) is pre-charged with a negative voltage, and one end of the energy conversion capacitor (180) connected to the ground electrode is pre-charged with a positive voltage. 9. The control method of the pulse power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, the power supply (110) charges the first inductance (160) and the second inductance (170), and the second The steps of discharging the inductance (170) and the energy conversion capacitor (180) to the load (210) include: triggering and turning on the first thyristor (120), so that the power supply (110) charges the first inductor (160) and the second inductor (170) to a preset value; Triggering and turning on the third thyristor (140), so that the energy conversion capacitor (180) discharges to the load (210), and when the current passing through the third thyristor (140) is zero, the third thyristor (140 ) off; triggering and turning on the second thyristor (130) so that the energy conversion capacitor (180) collects leakage inductance energy between the first inductor (160) and the second inductor (170); Triggering and turning on the third thyristor (140), the energy conversion capacitor (180) discharges the collected leakage inductance energy to the load (210), until the current passing through the third thyristor (140) is zero so that the The third thyristor (140) is turned off; The second inductance (170) discharges directly to the load (210) until the load (210) is disconnected or the current through the diode (190) drops to zero. 10. The control method of the pulse power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, the energy conversion capacitor (180) collects residual energy of the second inductance (170) through the fourth thyristor (200) for: Before the load (210) is disconnected or the current through the diode (190) drops to zero, the fourth thyristor (200) is triggered, and the energy conversion capacitor (180) collects the remainder of the second inductor (170) can.