Background
The direct-current high-voltage charging is started in the last century as a common charging mode of a pulse capacitor, and the earliest direct-current high-voltage power supply is to boost alternating-current commercial power or three-phase power by a power frequency high-voltage transformer to be changed into alternating-current high-voltage power, and then rectify and filter the alternating-current high-voltage power to obtain the direct-current high-voltage power. Along with the practical development of the pulse power technology, the power requirement of the pulse capacitor on the high-voltage charging power supply reaches megawatt level, and meanwhile, the mobility requirement also provides higher requirements on the power density index of the high-voltage charging power supply. The high-voltage power supply based on battery pack cascading has the characteristics of high energy storage density, high power density and good mobility, is one of effective engineering implementation schemes of megawatt-level and light-weight high-voltage charging power supplies, but when field operation is carried out, the pulse capacitor can generate hundreds of back pressure even kilovolts after discharging subsequent loads in a certain working topology, the back pressure can have adverse effects on the aspects of heavy-frequency running condition of a system, energy utilization efficiency of the pulse capacitor, system safety and the like, so that research on how to quickly and reasonably eliminate the back pressure on the pulse capacitor has important significance on the stability of the system and the rapidity of next charging.
For the back pressure generated after the pulse capacitor works, the parallel bleeder resistor is mostly adopted to release the pulse capacitor, but the time spent by the method is too long, and the method is not applicable to the situation that the capacitor needs to be charged and discharged for many times in a short time. In the article of the 'pulse power supply energy storage capacitor reverse charging voltage release method', theoretical analysis is carried out on the discharging process of a commonly adopted capacitor energy storage type pulse power supply with a discharging main switch arranged in a pulse capacitor branch, various factors influencing the pulse capacitor reverse charging voltage are discussed, on the basis, a method for reducing the pulse capacitor reverse charging and a circuit structure for releasing the pulse capacitor back voltage, namely, a circuit structure with the discharging main switch arranged in a load branch are provided, and a loop is provided for releasing the energy storage capacitor reverse charging voltage. The method can eliminate the back pressure of the pulse capacitor, but only aims at a specific application situation, changes the structure of a common discharging loop under the application situation, reduces the discharging efficiency of the pulse capacitor to the load, increases the loss of a diode and a thyristor in the subsequent load, shortens the service life of the device and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pulse capacitor load back pressure elimination method of a cascading high-voltage power supply, which can lead a pulse capacitor to generate certain back pressure after the pulse capacitor is discharged in a certain specific discharge loop, thereby having adverse effect on a system; according to the method, a charging channel for charging the pulse capacitor by using a cascading high-voltage power supply is utilized, the back pressure can be quickly eliminated by controlling the on time of devices such as a thyristor and the like under the condition that the auxiliary design and the devices are not added, the back pressure of the pulse capacitor is eliminated, the charging time is shortened, the repeated charging and discharging operation of the pulse capacitor in a short time is easier to realize, and the operation capability under the heavy frequency working condition is greatly improved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for eliminating the load back pressure of the pulse capacitor of the cascade high-voltage power supply comprises a control system, a battery pack cascade module, a thyristor and a loop current-limiting inductor, wherein the load of the pulse capacitor is a pulse capacitor; the method for eliminating the back pressure of the pulse capacitor utilizes a charging channel for charging the pulse capacitor by the cascade high-voltage power supply, the trigger of a thyristor is carried out by the control system before the cascade high-voltage power supply is connected to charge the pulse capacitor, the pulse capacitor with the back pressure is charged by a bypass diode and a thyristor in a cascade module of the battery pack through the trigger of the thyristor, the loop current-limiting inductance charges the pulse capacitor, thus the release of the back pressure is completed rapidly, the working process is consistent with the working process of charging the pulse capacitor by the battery pack access loop of each stage, the pulse capacitor with the back pressure can be regarded as a first-stage virtual stage connected with the battery pack of each stage in series in the cascade high-voltage power supply, the charging process of the pulse capacitor is completed with the battery pack of each stage, the size of loop current and the pulse capacitor voltage is detected in real time in the working process, the loop current and the pulse capacitor voltage do not have oscillation processes due to the effect of the thyristor, when the loop current is detected to be 0, the pulse capacitor voltage reaches the maximum value, the new value is calculated in sequence, the capacitor is charged to the initial stage is completed according to the new time sequence, and the initial charge value of the battery pack is connected to each stage is completed, the back pressure energy is completely recovered while eliminating the back pressure of the pulse capacitor.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention uses a cascade high-voltage power supply to charge the pulse capacitor under the condition of not adding any auxiliary design and devices and not changing the discharging structure of the pulse capacitor to the subsequent load, and the pulse capacitor with back pressure is used as a virtual stage connected with the battery pack in series by controlling the switching-on time of the thyristor and the switching tube of the battery pack cascade module to complete the rapid elimination of the back pressure of the pulse capacitor. By the method, the back pressure of the pulse capacitor can be released quickly, and the effect of improving the charging speed to a certain extent can be achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The structure of the cascade high-voltage power supply system is shown in figure 1, and the cascade high-voltage power supply system comprises 5 parts, namely a control system 1, a battery pack cascade module 2, a thyristor 3, a loop current-limiting inductor 4 and a pulse capacitor 5, wherein the pulse capacitor 5 is a load part of the cascade high-voltage power supply, the high-voltage output end of the battery pack cascade module 2 is connected with the thyristor 3, the other end of the thyristor 3 is connected with the loop current-limiting inductor 4, the other end of the loop current-limiting inductor 4 is connected with the high-voltage electrode of the pulse capacitor 5, and the low-voltage electrode of the pulse capacitor 5 is connected with the low-voltage end of the battery pack cascade module 2. The control system 1 mainly completes four functions, namely, a control signal of the battery pack cascading module 2 is output, the signal is connected with a driving end of a control switch in the battery pack cascading module 2 to control the access time of each level of battery packs, a switching-on signal of the thyristor 3 is output, the signal is connected with a gate level of the thyristor 3, the voltage at two ends of the pulse capacitor 5 is monitored in real time through a high-voltage divider, the high-voltage divider is connected at two ends of the pulse capacitor 5, and a current transformer is used for detecting loop current and is sleeved in a charging loop. The battery pack cascading module 2 is formed by connecting a battery pack in series with an IGBT and then connecting a diode in parallel. And (3) obtaining the time sequence of the battery pack access loop through calculation, and enabling the battery pack to be accessed step by the control system 1 according to the obtained time sequence, so as to complete the charging of the pulse capacitor 5.
The method for eliminating the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 utilizes a cascade high-voltage power supply to charge a channel of the pulse capacitor 5, and triggers the thyristor 3 through the control system 1 before the pulse capacitor 5 is charged by the battery packs at all stages, so that the pulse capacitor 5 with the back pressure charges the pulse capacitor 5 through the bypass diode in the battery pack cascade module 2 and the thyristor 3 in the cascade high-voltage power supply system, and the loop current-limiting inductor 4 charges the pulse capacitor 5, thereby rapidly completing the release of the back pressure.
According to the single charge and discharge conditions of the pulse capacitor 5, firstly, the time sequence of connection of each stage of battery pack is calculated according to the condition that the initial voltage value and the initial loop current value of the pulse capacitor 5 are both 0, the battery pack is connected step by step according to the obtained time sequence to finish charging of the pulse capacitor 5, then the pulse capacitor 5 discharges a subsequent load, after a series of work is finished, the pulse capacitor 5 generates back pressure, at the moment, the control system 1 monitors the value of the back pressure, the thyristor 3 is turned on, the pulse capacitor 5 forms a back pressure release channel through a bypass diode in the battery pack cascading module 2, the thyristor 3 and the loop current limiting inductor 4 to perform quick discharge, and due to the action of the thyristor 3, the condition that oscillation does not occur at the two ends of the loop current and the pulse capacitor 5, when the detected loop current is 0, the release channel is disconnected, at the moment, the two ends of the pulse capacitor 5 have certain positive pressure, and then the pulse capacitor is released through a release resistor, and single charge and discharge operation is finished.
For the condition that the pulse capacitor 5 is charged and discharged for many times in a short time, the primary charging process is consistent with single time, after the primary charging and discharging are finished, the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 is detected, the thyristor 3 is opened by the control system 1 in advance to release the back pressure before the pulse capacitor 5 is charged for the next time, the working process at the moment is consistent with the influence on loop current and the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 when the pulse capacitor 5 is accessed step by step through the battery pack, so the pulse capacitor 5 can be used as a virtual stage to work together with the battery packs at all stages, and the pulse capacitor 5 has forward voltage when the current is reduced to zero, all the battery packs at all the stages are required to be accessed step by step into the system according to the detected voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 according to the new battery pack access time sequence, all the switches are closed when the pulse capacitor 5 is charged to the set value for the next time, and the working processes of charging and discharging for the third time, the fourth time and the like are similar to the working process. Meanwhile, it should be noted that, since the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 is eliminated at a certain time before the current drops to 0, the access time of the battery pack can be properly advanced when the access of the first-stage battery pack does not exceed the limit current of the system, and a new battery access time sequence can be obtained by detecting the obtained loop current and capacitance voltage value, so as to complete the rapid charging of the pulse capacitor 5.
The method can rapidly finish the release of the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 and can also play a certain role in improving the charging speed, the working process is consistent with the working process of charging the pulse capacitor 5 by connecting each stage of battery packs into a loop, so that the pulse capacitor 5 with back pressure can be regarded as a first-stage virtual stage connected with each stage of battery pack in series in a cascading power supply, the charging process of the pulse capacitor 5 is finished together with each stage of battery pack, the sizes of loop current and the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 are detected in real time in the working process, the oscillation process does not exist between the loop current and the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 due to the action of the thyristor 3, when the loop current is detected to be 0, the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 reaches the maximum value, and then the pulse capacitor 5 is sequentially connected into each stage of battery packs according to the corresponding time sequence obtained by calculation on the basis, so that the charging of the pulse capacitor 5 is finished, and due to the existence of the virtual stage, the pulse capacitor has a forward initial value when the battery packs are started to be connected into a system, the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 is eliminated, the back pressure is utilized, the charging speed is shortened, the charging time is shortened, the back pressure is completely, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The method of back-pressure cancellation of the pulse capacitor 5 will be further described below with the circuit topology shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the battery voltage is 400V, the current limiting inductance is 60mH, the loop resistance is 200mΩ, the pulse capacitor is 1.3F, the corresponding battery pack access time sequence is obtained through calculation according to given data, the control system 1 controls the battery pack to conduct the IGBT step by step according to the obtained time sequence to access the battery pack and trigger the thyristor 3 to charge the pulse capacitor 5, after the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 reaches a set value, all switches are closed to complete one-time charging, and then the pulse capacitor 5 discharges the subsequent load. Assuming that after the primary charge and discharge is completed, the pulse capacitor 5 generates a counter pressure of 300V, if the primary charge and discharge is performed, the thyristor 3 is turned on again through the control system 1 directly after the charge and discharge is completed, so that the pulse capacitor 5 and the bypass diode in the battery pack cascade module 2, the thyristor 3 and the loop current limiting inductor 4 form a counter pressure release channel to complete the release of the counter pressure, in the process, the loop current is increased firstly and then reduced to 0, the counter pressure of the pulse capacitor 5 is gradually reduced to 0 and then a certain positive pressure is generated, meanwhile, due to the action of the thyristor 3, the oscillation process does not exist between the loop current and the voltage at two ends of the pulse capacitor 5, and a current waveform 1 and a capacitor voltage waveform 2 in the counter pressure release process are shown in fig. 3. When the current is detected to be 0, the bleeder resistor is turned on, and the residual voltage is completely released. If the charging and discharging operations are performed for multiple times, after the charging and discharging operations of the pulse capacitor 5 are completed for the first time, before the IGBT in the battery cascade module 2 is turned on to charge the pulse capacitor 5 for the second time, the thyristor 3 is turned on by the control system 1 to release the back pressure of the pulse capacitor 5, as shown in stage 1 in fig. 4, the values of the loop current and the voltage of the pulse capacitor 5 are collected in real time by the collector, when the loop current drops to 0, the timing of a new battery pack access system is obtained according to the collected values of the current and the voltage, and the IGBT of the battery cascade module 2 is turned on sequentially by the control system 1 according to the new timing, so that the battery pack is serially connected into the battery cascade module stage by stage to complete the charging, as shown in stage 2 in fig. 4, and the battery pack cascade module can be properly accessed in advance according to practical situations. After the last discharging operation is finished, the battery pack is not connected to charge the pulse capacitor 5, the thyristor 3 is only opened to finish the release of the back pressure, and then the residual voltage is completely released through the bleeder resistor. In the specific embodiment, the pulse capacitor load back pressure eliminating method of the cascade high-voltage power supply realizes the rapid elimination of the back pressure of the pulse capacitor under the condition of not changing the charging structure and the discharging structure, is simple to operate and rapid to release, and has implementation and practicability in the occasion requiring the repeated charging and discharging of the capacitor in a short time, namely under the heavy frequency working condition.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.