CN107261814A - Efficient ethylene absorbent for preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient ethylene absorbent for preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 5
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 claims 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 41
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 98
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 26
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 16
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 15
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000490567 Pinctada Species 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
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- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂及其制备方法，所述吸收剂包括载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体以及活性氧化钙，其中，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料包括贝壳粉。本发明采用贝壳粉作为高锰酸钾的载体，一方面，我国贝壳资源丰富，价格低廉，可降低乙烯吸收剂的成本，适合大面积推广，有助于提高农民收入。另一方面，贝壳粉具有片状或条状形态的微观结构，具有优良的吸附性，贝壳的微观组织内部具有大量的微孔，比表面积大，这种优越的孔隙结构有利于气体扩散到孔隙的内部与高锰酸钾接触，使高锰酸钾能充分发挥作用，贝壳内含有的少量甲壳素还具有良好的杀菌能力，进一步抑制果蔬的腐烂，对果蔬的防腐保鲜具有明显效果。The invention provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh and a preparation method thereof. The absorbent includes a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and activated calcium oxide, wherein the saturated permanganate Raw materials for efficient adsorption carriers of potassium include shell powder. The invention adopts shell powder as the carrier of potassium permanganate. On the one hand, my country's shell resources are abundant and the price is low, which can reduce the cost of ethylene absorbent, is suitable for large-scale promotion, and helps to increase farmers' income. On the other hand, shell powder has a microstructure in the form of flakes or strips, which has excellent adsorption properties. The microstructure of the shell has a large number of micropores and a large specific surface area. This superior pore structure is conducive to the diffusion of gas into the pores. The inside of the shell is in contact with potassium permanganate, so that potassium permanganate can fully play its role. A small amount of chitin contained in the shell also has good bactericidal ability, further inhibiting the decay of fruits and vegetables, and has a significant effect on the preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及果蔬保鲜技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables, in particular to a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
果蔬在采收后会逐渐变软，因为果蔬经过自身代谢产生了一种天然催熟剂—乙烯，乙烯是一种能促进果蔬呼吸、加快成熟衰老的植物激素，尤其在密闭的果蔬贮藏空间内，乙烯气体随着贮藏期的延长逐渐累积，从而对果蔬产生自我催熟作用，并且持续循环，影响了果蔬的正常代谢，促进了果蔬的衰老进程、腐烂增加，缩短了果蔬的贮藏期。因此，采用相关技术降低果蔬贮运环境中乙烯的浓度，可延长果蔬保鲜期，改善果蔬品质。为更好的保持果蔬的采后品质，延长其贮藏期,人们在不断地研发适合果蔬保鲜的乙烯脱除技术，乙烯吸收剂的研究已成为热点。Fruits and vegetables will gradually soften after harvesting, because fruits and vegetables produce a natural ripening agent-ethylene through their own metabolism. Ethylene is a plant hormone that can promote the respiration of fruits and vegetables and accelerate ripening and aging, especially in closed fruit and vegetable storage spaces , Ethylene gas gradually accumulates with the extension of the storage period, thereby producing self-ripening effect on fruits and vegetables, and continues to circulate, affecting the normal metabolism of fruits and vegetables, promoting the aging process of fruits and vegetables, increasing rot, and shortening the storage period of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, using related technologies to reduce the concentration of ethylene in the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables can prolong the fresh-keeping period of fruits and vegetables and improve the quality of fruits and vegetables. In order to better maintain the post-harvest quality of fruits and vegetables and prolong their storage period, people are constantly developing ethylene removal technology suitable for fruit and vegetable preservation, and the research on ethylene absorbents has become a hot spot.
现有的乙烯吸收剂通常为负载有高锰酸钾的载体材料，载体材料通常由沸石、活性炭等组成，沸石、活性炭等的成本较高，且不易获得，不适合大部分果农等的人群使用，不利于乙烯吸收剂的推广使用；另一方面，现有的乙烯吸收剂虽然具有一定的防腐保鲜效果，但保鲜后的果蔬的内在营养物质会有一定损失。The existing ethylene absorbent is usually a carrier material loaded with potassium permanganate. The carrier material is usually composed of zeolite, activated carbon, etc. The cost of zeolite, activated carbon, etc. is high, and it is not easy to obtain, so it is not suitable for most people such as fruit farmers. , is unfavorable for the promotion and use of ethylene absorbents; on the other hand, although the existing ethylene absorbents have a certain antiseptic and fresh-keeping effect, the internal nutrients of the fresh-keeping fruits and vegetables will have a certain loss.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂及其制备方法，高效吸收果蔬储运环境的乙烯，同时对果蔬防腐保鲜。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh and a preparation method thereof, which can efficiently absorb ethylene in the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables, and at the same time preserve the freshness of fruits and vegetables.
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，包括载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体以及活性氧化钙，其中，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料包括贝壳粉。The invention provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for fruit and vegetable preservation, which includes a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and activated calcium oxide, wherein the raw materials of the high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate include shell powder.
高锰酸钾具有强氧化性，可以将果蔬储运环境中的乙烯氧化，从而降低其含量，达到果蔬保鲜的目的。为充分发挥高锰酸钾吸收乙烯的能力，需要选择适当的载体对高锰酸钾进行吸附。而我国贝壳资源丰富，价格低廉，具有片状或条状形态的微观结构，孔隙率和比表面积大，具有优良的吸附性，不仅具有吸收乙烯的作用，还可作为高锰酸钾的优良载体。贝壳的孔隙率大，这种优越的孔隙结构有利于气体扩散到孔隙的内部与高锰酸钾接触，是环境友好型吸收剂。贝壳内含有的少量甲壳素及贝壳高温充分煅烧后的产物具有良好的杀菌能力，可用于果蔬防腐保鲜。Potassium permanganate has strong oxidizing properties, which can oxidize ethylene in the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables, thereby reducing its content, and achieving the purpose of keeping fruits and vegetables fresh. In order to give full play to the ability of potassium permanganate to absorb ethylene, it is necessary to select an appropriate carrier to adsorb potassium permanganate. However, my country's shell resources are abundant and cheap, with flake or strip microstructure, large porosity and specific surface area, and excellent adsorption properties. It not only has the function of absorbing ethylene, but also can be used as an excellent carrier of potassium permanganate. . Shells have a large porosity, and this superior pore structure is conducive to gas diffusion to the inside of the pores to contact with potassium permanganate, which is an environmentally friendly absorbent. A small amount of chitin contained in the shell and the product after the shell is fully calcined at high temperature have good bactericidal ability, and can be used for antiseptic preservation of fruits and vegetables.
作为优选，所述贝壳粉包括扇贝壳粉和/或海螺壳粉和/或花蛤壳粉和/或珍珠贝壳粉。Preferably, the shell powder includes scallop shell powder and/or conch shell powder and/or clam shell powder and/or pearl shell powder.
我国海螺、扇贝、花蛤和珍珠贝的贝壳资源丰富，其贝壳化学组成及微观结构既有共性又有差异，但均可作为饱和高锰酸钾的吸附载体。分别以海螺、扇贝、花蛤和珍珠贝的贝壳粉为高锰酸钾主要载体制备的乙烯吸收剂，相比不添加贝壳而言,保鲜效果均极为显著，但对果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、腐烂率等单项指标的改善，添加海螺、扇贝、花蛤和珍珠贝的混合粉末的效果比单一粉末的效果更好。my country's conch, scallop, clam and pearl oyster are rich in shell resources. The chemical composition and microstructure of their shells have both commonality and differences, but they can all be used as adsorption carriers for saturated potassium permanganate. The ethylene absorbent prepared by using the shell powder of conch, scallop, clam and pearl oyster as the main carrier of potassium permanganate has a very significant fresh-keeping effect compared with no shell, but it has a significant impact on fruit hardness, soluble solid content, For the improvement of individual indicators such as titratable acid content and decay rate, the effect of adding the mixed powder of conch, scallop, flower clam and pearl oyster is better than that of single powder.
作为优选，所述贝壳粉包括扇贝壳粉、海螺壳粉、花蛤壳粉和珍珠贝壳粉。Preferably, the shell powder includes scallop shell powder, conch shell powder, clam shell powder and pearl shell powder.
基于上述分别以海螺、扇贝、花蛤和珍珠贝的贝壳粉为高锰酸钾主要载体制备的乙烯吸收剂的效果,采用四种贝壳粉配合使用的保鲜效果，配合使用后具有良好的协同效果，对水果的综合保鲜效果均优于单独使用。Based on the above-mentioned effects of the ethylene absorbent prepared by using the shell powder of conch, scallop, clam and pearl oyster as the main carrier of potassium permanganate respectively, the fresh-keeping effect of using four kinds of shell powder in combination has a good synergistic effect. The comprehensive fresh-keeping effects on fruits are better than those used alone.
作为优选，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料还包括海泡石粉。海泡石对于高锰酸钾具有天然的吸附性，可用作高锰酸钾的良好吸附载体。Preferably, the raw material of the high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate also includes sepiolite powder. Sepiolite has natural adsorption for potassium permanganate and can be used as a good adsorption carrier for potassium permanganate.
作为优选，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料，包括如下重量份数的组分：As preferably, the raw material of the high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate includes the following components in parts by weight:
扇贝壳粉3～6份、海螺壳粉1～3份、花蛤壳粉1～3份、珍珠贝壳粉1～3份、海泡石粉1～3份。3-6 parts of scallop shell powder, 1-3 parts of conch shell powder, 1-3 parts of clam shell powder, 1-3 parts of pearl shell powder, and 1-3 parts of meerschaum powder.
基于上述采用海螺、扇贝、花蛤和珍珠贝的贝壳粉协同作用,经研究发现此重量比例时对果蔬的保鲜效果最佳。Based on the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned shell powder using conch, scallop, clam and pearl oyster, it has been found through research that this weight ratio has the best preservation effect on fruits and vegetables.
作为优选，所述活性氧化钙是由贝壳粉高温充分煅烧得到。Preferably, the activated calcium oxide is obtained by fully calcining shell powder at high temperature.
较佳的，所述活性氧化钙是由扇贝壳粉、海螺壳粉、花蛤壳粉、珍珠贝壳粉按等比例混合后高温充分煅烧得到。活性氧化钙也可以是由扇贝壳粉、海螺壳粉、花蛤壳粉、珍珠贝壳粉中的一种或两种以上的组合等比例混合后高温煅烧得到，但采用上述四种贝壳粉等比例混合制得的活性氧化钙的效果最好。Preferably, the activated calcium oxide is obtained by mixing scallop shell powder, conch shell powder, clam shell powder, and pearl shell powder in equal proportions and then fully calcining at high temperature. Activated calcium oxide can also be obtained by mixing one or more than two of scallop shell powder, conch shell powder, clam shell powder, and pearl shell powder in equal proportions and then calcining at high temperature, but using the above four shell powders in equal proportions The mixed active calcium oxide has the best effect.
作为优选，所述贝壳粉和所述海泡石粉均为球磨粉。Preferably, both the shell powder and the sepiolite powder are ball milled powder.
作为优选，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体、所述活性氧化钙分别包装。Preferably, the high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and the activated calcium oxide are packaged separately.
本发明还提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂的制备方法，用于制备上述的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述方法包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned high-efficiency ethylene absorbent. The method includes the following steps:
S01：将饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料按上述比例充分混合后置于30～60℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡15～30分钟，过滤后在60～100℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的吸附载体；S01: The raw materials of the high-efficiency adsorption carrier of saturated potassium permanganate are fully mixed according to the above ratio, soaked in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 30-60°C for 15-30 minutes, filtered and dried at 60-100°C. Adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate;
S02：将贝壳粉高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙；S02: Activated calcium oxide is obtained by fully calcining shell powder at high temperature;
S03：将所述步骤S01制得的载有饱和高锰酸钾的吸附载体和所述步骤S02制得的活性氧化钙分别装于无纺布袋中，得到用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: The adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate prepared in step S01 and the activated calcium oxide prepared in step S02 are respectively packed in non-woven bags to obtain a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for fruit and vegetable preservation .
作为优选，所述步骤S03中，将载有饱和高锰酸钾的吸附载体为7～9份，活性氧化钙1～3份，分别装于无纺布袋中。Preferably, in the step S03, 7-9 parts of the adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and 1-3 parts of activated calcium oxide are packed in non-woven bags respectively.
本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以包含以下有益效果：The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:
本发明提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂及其制备方法，所述吸收剂包括载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体以及活性氧化钙，其中，所述载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体的原料包括贝壳粉。本发明采用贝壳粉作为高锰酸钾的载体，一方面，我国贝壳资源丰富，价格低廉，可降低乙烯吸收剂的成本，适合大面积推广，有助于提高农民收入。另一方面，贝壳粉具有片状或条状形态的微观结构，具有优良的吸附性，不仅具有吸收乙烯的作用，更可作为高锰酸钾的优良载体，负载更多的高锰酸钾，从而吸收更多的乙烯；贝壳的微观组织内部具有大量的微孔，比表面积大，这种优越的孔隙结构有利于气体扩散到孔隙的内部与高锰酸钾接触，使高锰酸钾能充分发挥作用，氧化更多的乙烯，贝壳内含有的少量甲壳素还具有良好的杀菌能力，对果蔬贮运环境进行杀菌，进一步抑制果蔬的腐烂，对果蔬的防腐保鲜具有明显效果。The invention provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh and a preparation method thereof. The absorbent includes a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and activated calcium oxide, wherein the saturated permanganate Raw materials for efficient adsorption carriers of potassium include shell powder. The invention adopts shell powder as the carrier of potassium permanganate. On the one hand, my country's shell resources are abundant and the price is low, which can reduce the cost of ethylene absorbent, is suitable for large-scale promotion, and helps to increase farmers' income. On the other hand, shell powder has a microstructure in the form of flakes or strips, and has excellent adsorption properties. It not only has the effect of absorbing ethylene, but also can be used as an excellent carrier of potassium permanganate to load more potassium permanganate. Thereby absorbing more ethylene; the microstructure of the shell has a large number of micropores and a large specific surface area. This superior pore structure is conducive to the diffusion of gas into the pores and contacts with potassium permanganate, so that potassium permanganate can fully Play a role, oxidize more ethylene, a small amount of chitin contained in shells also has good bactericidal ability, sterilize the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables, further inhibit the rot of fruits and vegetables, and have obvious effects on the antiseptic preservation of fruits and vegetables.
本发明提供的用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂包括了载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体以及活性氧化钙两部分，这两部分分别包装，分别发挥作用；载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体能够充分吸收果蔬贮运环境中的乙烯，延长果蔬保鲜期，活性氧化钙能够对果蔬贮运环境进行杀菌，进而防止果蔬腐烂，两者相互协同、配合，相比单一的乙烯吸收而言，本发明提供的产物对果蔬保鲜效果更好。The high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping provided by the present invention includes two parts: a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate and active calcium oxide. These two parts are packaged separately and function respectively; The high-efficiency adsorption carrier can fully absorb ethylene in the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables, prolong the freshness period of fruits and vegetables, and the activated calcium oxide can sterilize the storage and transportation environment of fruits and vegetables, thereby preventing the decay of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, the product provided by the invention has a better fresh-keeping effect on fruits and vegetables.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明的保护范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. rather than all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉6份、球磨海螺壳粉1份、球磨花蛤壳粉1份、球磨珍珠贝壳粉1份、球磨海泡石粉1份充分混合，置于60℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡30分钟，过滤后65℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 6 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled conch shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled clam shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled pearl shell powder, and 1 part of ball-milled sepiolite powder, and place in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 60°C Soak for 30 minutes, filter and dry at 65°C to obtain a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1100℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1100°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体7份（14克）装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙3份（6克）装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 7 parts (14 g) of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 3 parts (6 g) of activated calcium oxide were packed in B non-woven bag to prepare high-efficiency ethylene absorbent .
实施例2Example 2
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉5份、球磨海螺壳粉1份、球磨花蛤壳粉1份、球磨珍珠贝壳粉1份、球磨海泡石粉2份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后65℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 5 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled conch shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled clam shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled pearl shell powder, and 2 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder, and place in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 50°C Soak for 20 minutes, filter and dry at 65°C to obtain a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1100℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1100°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体8份（16克）装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙2份（4克）装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 8 parts (16 g) of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 2 parts (4 g) of activated calcium oxide were packed in B non-woven bag to prepare high-efficiency ethylene absorbent .
实施例3Example 3
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉4份、球磨海螺壳粉1份、球磨花蛤壳粉1份、球磨珍珠贝壳粉3份、球磨海泡石粉1份充分混合，置于30℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡15分钟，过滤后60℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 4 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled conch shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled clam shell powder, 3 parts of ball-milled pearl shell powder, and 1 part of ball-milled sepiolite powder, and place in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 30°C soak for 15 minutes, filter and then dry at 60°C to obtain a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1100℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1100°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份（18克）装于A无纺布袋，，活性氧化钙1份（2克）装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts (18 g) of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate are packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part (2 g) of activated calcium oxide is packed in B non-woven bag to obtain high-efficiency ethylene absorption agent.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉3份、球磨海螺壳粉3份、球磨花蛤壳粉3份、球磨珍珠贝壳粉2份、球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 3 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder, 3 parts of ball-milled conch shell powder, 3 parts of ball-milled clam shell powder, 2 parts of ball-milled pearl shell powder, and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder, and place in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 50°C soak for 20 minutes, filter and then dry at 90°C to obtain a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉3份、球磨海螺壳粉3份、球磨花蛤壳粉3份、球磨珍珠贝壳粉1份和球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 3 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder, 3 parts of ball-milled conch shell powder, 3 parts of ball-milled clam shell powder, 1 part of ball-milled pearl shell powder and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder, and place in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 50°C soak for 20 minutes, filter and then dry at 90°C to obtain a high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
实施例6Example 6
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨扇贝壳粉10份、球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: 10 parts of ball-milled scallop shell powder and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder are fully mixed, soaked in saturated potassium permanganate solution at 50°C for 20 minutes, filtered and dried at 90°C to prepare high-efficiency powder loaded with saturated potassium permanganate adsorption carrier.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
实施例7Example 7
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨海螺壳粉10份、球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: 10 parts of ball-milled conch shell powder and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder are fully mixed, soaked in 50°C saturated potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, filtered and dried at 90°C to obtain saturated potassium permanganate-loaded high-efficiency adsorption carrier.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
实施例8Example 8
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨花蛤壳粉10份、球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: Mix 10 parts of ball-milled clam shell powder and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder, soak in 50°C saturated potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, filter and dry at 90°C to obtain saturated potassium permanganate Efficient adsorption carrier.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
实施例9Example 9
本实施例提供一种用于果蔬保鲜的高效乙烯吸收剂，所述吸收剂按照如下方法制备得到：This embodiment provides a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent for keeping fruits and vegetables fresh, and the absorbent is prepared according to the following method:
S01：球磨珍珠贝壳粉10份、球磨海泡石粉3份充分混合，置于50℃饱和高锰酸钾溶液内浸泡20分钟，过滤后90℃烘干制得载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体。S01: 10 parts of ball-milled pearl shell powder and 3 parts of ball-milled sepiolite powder are fully mixed, soaked in 50°C saturated potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, filtered and dried at 90°C to obtain saturated potassium permanganate adsorption carrier.
S02：球磨扇贝壳粉、球磨海螺壳粉、球磨花蛤粉、球磨珍珠贝壳粉等比例混合后1200℃高温充分煅烧制得活性氧化钙。S02: Ball-milled scallop shell powder, ball-milled conch shell powder, ball-milled clam powder, and ball-milled pearl shell powder are mixed in equal proportions and fully calcined at 1200°C to obtain activated calcium oxide.
S03：载有饱和高锰酸钾的高效吸附载体9份装于A无纺布袋，活性氧化钙1份装于B无纺布袋，制得高效乙烯吸收剂。S03: 9 parts of high-efficiency adsorption carrier loaded with saturated potassium permanganate were packed in A non-woven bag, and 1 part of activated calcium oxide was packed in B non-woven bag to prepare a high-efficiency ethylene absorbent.
采购新采摘的新鲜果蔬（巴梨、桃子、黄瓜），减去病、青、小以及有机械损伤的部分，保证果实新鲜、均匀一致。Purchase freshly picked fresh fruits and vegetables (pears, peaches, cucumbers), and subtract diseased, green, small, and mechanically damaged parts to ensure that the fruits are fresh and uniform.
将巴梨、桃子、黄瓜分别随机分成七组，以巴梨为例，将七组巴梨分别放入七个箱子中，每个箱子的大小、温度等条件均相同，每个箱子中放入的巴梨的数量相等，第一组、第二组、第三组、第四组和第五组分别放入上述实施例1至实施例5的高效乙烯吸收剂产物，第六组放入市面上现有的乙烯吸收剂（主要成分是高锰酸钾，氧化铝，水分，三氧化二铁，氧化钠），第七组不添加任何物质，其他条件均相同，封箱保鲜；对桃子、黄瓜的处理和对巴梨的处理相同，封箱保鲜后，连续不断观察果蔬变化情况，记录实验数据见表1至表3。Divide pears, peaches, and cucumbers into seven groups at random. Taking pears as an example, put the seven groups of pears into seven boxes. The size and temperature of each box are the same. The quantity of pears is equal, the first group, the second group, the third group, the fourth group and the fifth group are respectively put into the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent product of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, and the sixth group is put into the market The existing ethylene absorbents on the Internet (the main components are potassium permanganate, aluminum oxide, water, ferric oxide, sodium oxide), the seventh group does not add any substances, other conditions are the same, and the box is kept fresh; for peaches, The treatment of cucumbers is the same as that of pears. After sealing and keeping fresh, the changes of fruits and vegetables are continuously observed, and the recorded experimental data are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
正常：果蔬表面无腐烂。Normal: There is no rot on the surface of fruits and vegetables.
轻度腐烂：腐烂面积未达到果蔬表面积的1/3。Slight rot: The area of rot does not reach 1/3 of the surface area of fruits and vegetables.
中度腐烂：腐烂面积已达到果蔬表面积的1/3以上但尚未达到2/3。Moderate rot: The rotten area has reached more than 1/3 of the surface area of the fruit and vegetable but has not yet reached 2/3.
重度腐烂：腐烂面积已达到或超过果蔬表面积的2/3。Severe rot: The rotten area has reached or exceeded 2/3 of the surface area of the fruit and vegetable.
表1：本发明实施例对巴梨的保鲜效果Table 1: the fresh-keeping effect of the embodiment of the present invention on pears
上述表1中，每组巴梨的个数为20个。由表1可知：本发明实施例1至实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对巴梨具有明显的防腐保鲜效果。In the above table 1, the number of pears in each group is 20. It can be seen from Table 1 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have obvious antiseptic and fresh-keeping effects on pears.
表2：本发明实施例对桃子的保鲜效果Table 2: the fresh-keeping effect of the embodiment of the present invention to peaches
上述表2中，每组桃子的个数为10个。由表2可知：本发明实施例1至实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对桃子具有明显的防腐保鲜效果。In the above table 2, the number of peaches in each group is 10. It can be seen from Table 2 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have obvious antiseptic and fresh-keeping effects on peaches.
表3：本发明实施例对黄瓜的保鲜效果Table 3: The fresh-keeping effect of the embodiment of the present invention on cucumber
上述表3中，每组黄瓜的个数为10个。由表3可知：本发明实施例1至实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对黄瓜具有明显的防腐保鲜效果。In the above table 3, the number of cucumbers in each group is 10. It can be seen from Table 3 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have obvious antiseptic and fresh-keeping effects on cucumbers.
继续将剩余的巴梨、桃子、黄瓜分别随机分成六组，以巴梨为例，将六组巴梨分别放入五个箱子中，每个箱子的大小、温度等条件均相同，每个箱子中放入的巴梨的数量相等，第一组、第二组、第三组、第四组分别放入上述实施例6至实施例9的高效乙烯吸收剂产物，第五组放入市面上现有的乙烯吸收剂（主要成分是高锰酸钾，氧化铝，水分，三氧化二铁，氧化钠），第六组不添加任何物质，其他条件均相同，封箱保鲜；对桃子、黄瓜的处理和对巴梨的处理相同，封箱保鲜后，连续不断观察果蔬变化情况，记录实验数据见表4至表6。Continue to randomly divide the remaining pears, peaches, and cucumbers into six groups. Taking pears as an example, put the six groups of pears into five boxes. The size and temperature of each box are the same. The quantity of the pears put in is equal, the first group, the second group, the third group, and the fourth group are respectively put into the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent products of the above-mentioned embodiment 6 to embodiment 9, and the fifth group is put into the market For the existing ethylene absorbent (the main components are potassium permanganate, aluminum oxide, water, ferric oxide, and sodium oxide), the sixth group does not add any substances, other conditions are the same, and it is kept fresh in a sealed box; for peaches and cucumbers The treatment of pears is the same as the treatment of pears. After sealing and keeping fresh, the changes of fruits and vegetables are continuously observed. The recorded experimental data are shown in Table 4 to Table 6.
表4：本发明实施例对巴梨的保鲜效果Table 4: The embodiment of the present invention is to the fresh-keeping effect of pear
上述表4中，每组巴梨的个数为20个。由表4可知：本发明实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对巴梨具有明显的保鲜效果。In the above table 4, the number of pears in each group is 20. It can be seen from Table 4 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 6 to 9 of the present invention have obvious fresh-keeping effects on pears.
表5：本发明实施例对桃子的保鲜效果Table 5: the fresh-keeping effect of the embodiment of the present invention to peaches
上述表5中，每组桃子的个数为10个。由表5可知：本发明实施例6至实施例9制备的的高效乙烯吸收剂对桃子具有明显的防腐保鲜效果。In the above table 5, the number of peaches in each group is 10. It can be seen from Table 5 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 6 to 9 of the present invention have obvious antiseptic and fresh-keeping effects on peaches.
表6：本发明实施例对黄瓜的保鲜效果Table 6: The fresh-keeping effect of the embodiment of the present invention on cucumber
上述表6中，每组黄瓜的个数为10个。由表6可知：本发明实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对黄瓜具有明显的保鲜效果。In the above table 6, the number of cucumbers in each group is 10. It can be seen from Table 6 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 6 to 9 of the present invention have obvious fresh-keeping effects on cucumbers.
由上表1至表6可知，本发明实施例1至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对果蔬的保鲜效果基本相同，没有明显区别。It can be seen from the above Tables 1 to 6 that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 9 of the present invention have basically the same fresh-keeping effect on fruits and vegetables, and there is no obvious difference.
继续将剩余的巴梨、桃子、黄瓜分别随机分成七组，以巴梨为例，将七组巴梨分别放入六个箱子中，每个箱子的大小、温度等条件均相同，每个箱子中放入的巴梨的数量相等，第一组、第二组、第三组、第四组和第五组分别放入上述实施例5至实施例9的高效乙烯吸收剂产物，第六组加入市面上现有的乙烯吸收剂（主要成分是高锰酸钾，氧化铝，水分，三氧化二铁，氧化钠），第七组不添加任何物质，其他条件均相同，封箱保鲜；对桃子、黄瓜的处理和对巴梨的处理相同，封箱保鲜一段时间后，测量果蔬的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量等，测定结果如下表7至表9所示。其中，每箱巴梨数量为20个，每箱桃子数量为10个，每箱黄瓜数量为10根，果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量为每箱中果蔬的平均值。Continue to randomly divide the remaining pears, peaches, and cucumbers into seven groups. Taking pears as an example, put the seven groups of pears into six boxes. The size and temperature of each box are the same. The quantity of the pears put in is equal, the first group, the second group, the third group, the fourth group and the fifth group are respectively put into the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent product of above-mentioned embodiment 5 to embodiment 9, the sixth group Add the existing ethylene absorbent on the market (the main components are potassium permanganate, aluminum oxide, water, ferric oxide, sodium oxide), the seventh group does not add any substances, other conditions are the same, and the box is kept fresh; The treatment of peaches and cucumbers is the same as that of pears. After sealing for a period of time, the fruit hardness, soluble solid content, and titratable acid content of fruits and vegetables are measured. The results are shown in Tables 7 to 9 below. Among them, the number of pears per box is 20, the number of peaches per box is 10, and the number of cucumbers per box is 10. The fruit hardness, soluble solid content, and titratable acid content are the average values of fruits and vegetables in each box.
表7：巴梨质量测定结果Table 7: Quality determination results of pears
由上表7可知，本发明实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对巴梨的综合保鲜效果明显由于实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂，实施例5至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂相对于第六组和第七组而言，均具有更好的综合保鲜效果，保鲜后的果蔬的质量更好。As can be seen from the above table 7, the comprehensive fresh-keeping effect of the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 of the present invention on pears is obvious. Due to the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Examples 6 to 9, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 to Example 9 Compared with the sixth group and the seventh group, the ethylene absorbent has a better comprehensive fresh-keeping effect, and the quality of fresh-keeping fruits and vegetables is better.
表8：桃子质量测定结果Table 8: Results of determination of peach quality
由上表8可知，本发明实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对桃子的综合保鲜效果明显由于实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂，实施例5至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂相对第六组和第七组而言，均具有更好的综合保鲜效果，保鲜后的果蔬质量更好。As can be seen from the above table 8, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 of the present invention has an obvious comprehensive fresh-keeping effect on peaches. Because the efficient ethylene absorbent prepared in Examples 6 to 9, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 to Example 9 Compared with the sixth group and the seventh group, the absorbent has a better comprehensive fresh-keeping effect, and the quality of fresh-keeping fruits and vegetables is better.
表9：黄瓜测定结果Table 9: Cucumber assay results
由上表9可知，本发明实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对黄瓜的综合保鲜效果明显由于实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂，实施例5至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂相对于第六组和第七组而言，均具有更好的综合保鲜效果。As can be seen from the above table 9, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 of the present invention has an obvious comprehensive fresh-keeping effect on cucumbers. Due to the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Examples 6 to 9, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared in Example 5 to Example 9 Compared with the sixth group and the seventh group, the absorbent has a better comprehensive fresh-keeping effect.
综上，本发明实施例1至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂在防止果蔬腐烂方面均具有明显的保鲜效果。且本发明实施例1至实施例5制备的高效乙烯吸收剂对果蔬的综合保鲜效果要优于本发明实施例6至实施例9制备的高效乙烯吸收剂。说明扇贝壳粉、海螺壳粉、花蛤壳粉和珍珠贝壳粉配合使用制备的高效乙烯吸收剂具有协同作用，对水果的综合保鲜效果均优于单独使用。但本发明实施例1至实施例9的制备的产物的综合保鲜效果均优于市面上现有的乙烯吸收剂。In summary, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 9 of the present invention all have obvious fresh-keeping effects in preventing fruits and vegetables from rotting. Moreover, the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have better comprehensive preservation effects on fruits and vegetables than the high-efficiency ethylene absorbents prepared in Examples 6 to 9 of the present invention. It shows that the high-efficiency ethylene absorbent prepared by the combined use of scallop shell powder, conch shell powder, clam shell powder and pearl shell powder has a synergistic effect, and the comprehensive preservation effect on fruits is better than that used alone. However, the comprehensive preservation effects of the products prepared in Examples 1 to 9 of the present invention are all better than the existing ethylene absorbents on the market.
除上述试验外，本发明还对葡萄、番茄、猕猴桃、苹果、胡萝卜等做了试验，实验结果均表明，本发明实施例对葡萄、番茄、猕猴桃、苹果、胡萝卜等均具有明显的保鲜效果，且优于市面上现有的乙烯吸收剂。Except above-mentioned test, the present invention has also done test to grape, tomato, kiwi fruit, apple, carrot etc., experimental result all shows, the embodiment of the present invention all has obvious fresh-keeping effect to grape, tomato, kiwi fruit, apple, carrot etc., And it is better than the existing ethylene absorbents on the market.
我国沿海边界线长，海洋捕捞与现代水产养殖会产生大量贝壳原料，这些贝壳原料往往作为加工垃圾被随处堆放，以贝壳为原料制备高效乙烯吸收剂，不但可以有效利用废弃资源，保护环境，更将大幅度降低生产成本，为企业带来更丰厚的利润，适合大范围推广。my country's coastal border is long, and marine fishing and modern aquaculture will produce a large number of shell materials. These shell materials are often piled up everywhere as processing waste. Using shells as raw materials to prepare high-efficiency ethylene absorbents can not only effectively use waste resources, protect the environment, but also It will greatly reduce production costs, bring more profits to enterprises, and is suitable for large-scale promotion.
当然，上述说明也并不仅限于上述举例，本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过或采用现有技术实现，在此不再赘述；以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案并非是对本发明的限制，参照优选的实施方式对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换都不脱离本发明的宗旨，也应属于本发明的权利要求保护范围。Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using existing technologies, and will not be repeated here; The present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the true scope of the present invention All of them do not deviate from the gist of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN110558372A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-12-13 | 山东营养源食品科技有限公司 | Fresh-keeping laminate, preparation method and application |
| CN110973228A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-10 | 许昌学院 | Grape fresh-keeping method adopting small amount of calcium oxide to absorb ethylene in non-contact manner |
| WO2021189180A1 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-09-30 | 秦正朋 | Preparation method for fruit and vegetable freshness-preservation material, freshness-preservation material and use of freshness-preservation material |
| CN114468040A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-13 | 北京鉴真保鲜科技有限公司 | Method for inhibiting self-ripening of fruits and vegetables |
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