CN107196546B - Active discharge system of motor controller - Google Patents
Active discharge system of motor controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN107196546B CN107196546B CN201710433871.6A CN201710433871A CN107196546B CN 107196546 B CN107196546 B CN 107196546B CN 201710433871 A CN201710433871 A CN 201710433871A CN 107196546 B CN107196546 B CN 107196546B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53873—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
An active discharging system of a motor controller comprises a control module, a plurality of driving modules, an upper bridge driving power module and a lower bridge driving power module, wherein each driving module is connected with the control module and a semiconductor switch in a corresponding bridge arm; the upper bridge driving power supply module is connected with the driving modules corresponding to all the upper bridge arms, and the lower bridge driving power supply module is connected with the control module and the driving modules corresponding to all the lower bridge arms; when the control module needs to actively discharge, the driving module corresponding to the upper bridge arm is triggered to drive the semiconductor switch in the upper bridge arm to enter a straight-through state, and meanwhile, the lower bridge driving power module is triggered to reduce output voltage output to the driving module corresponding to the lower bridge arm so that the semiconductor switch in the lower bridge arm enters a linear region, and the driving module corresponding to the lower bridge arm is triggered to drive the semiconductor switch in the corresponding lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state. The invention reduces the cost and can reduce the voltage and current change rate of the semiconductor switch of the lower bridge arm in the active discharging process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to an active discharge system of a motor controller.
Background
To drive one or more motors and other high-voltage power consuming loads of an electric vehicle, a voltage inverter with a dc voltage intermediate circuit is provided in the electric vehicle. After removal of the corresponding connection or energy separation due to a fault or accident etc., all energy storage units connected to the energy source or the direct voltage intermediate circuit must be rapidly discharged to below 60V in a short time in consideration of safety of personnel in the vehicle, and this rapid discharging process is called active discharge.
There are three active discharge schemes available.
The first mode adopts a mode that after a switch is connected with a power resistor in series, the switch is connected with two ends of a direct current capacitor in parallel, the direct current capacitor is discharged by controlling the duty ratio of the switch, and meanwhile, the power consumption of the resistor is ensured to be within a certain range. The method has high cost, difficult solution to the heat dissipation problem of the power resistor, and occupies a large area of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board ).
In order to solve the problem in the first method, the second method adopts a method of directly connecting one-phase or two-phase or three-phase IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor ) bridge arm, for example, an IGBT upper tube direct connection and an IGBT lower tube short-time switch of the one-phase bridge arm, to discharge the dc capacitor. The method is high in speed and low in cost, a hardware circuit is not required to be additionally arranged, but the method causes larger current and voltage change rate (dv/dt) and current change rate (di/dt) of the lower tube of the IGBT, and the IGBT is easy to damage under the condition of overhigh direct current voltage.
In order to solve the problem in the second method, the third method controls the IGBT lower tube to operate in the linear region, thus reducing the current stress of the IGBT, but in order to operate the IGBT in the linear region, a driving circuit (including a push-pull transistor, a driving power circuit such as a linear voltage regulator, etc.) for backup is required, adding additional hardware circuit cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an active discharge system of a motor controller aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an active discharging system of a motor controller is constructed, which comprises a control module, a plurality of driving modules, an upper bridge driving power module and a lower bridge driving power module, wherein each driving module is connected with the control module and a control end of a semiconductor switch in a corresponding bridge arm; the upper bridge driving power supply module is connected with all driving modules connected to the semiconductor switches of the upper bridge arm, and the lower bridge driving power supply module is connected with the control module and all driving modules connected to the semiconductor switches of the lower bridge arm;
when active discharge is required, the control module triggers the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the upper bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding upper bridge arm to enter a straight-through state, and simultaneously triggers the lower bridge driving power module to reduce output voltage to the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm so that the semiconductor switches in the lower bridge arm enter a linear region, and triggers the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the upper bridge driving power module includes:
the first driving power supply unit is connected with a driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the upper bridge arm and outputs voltage to the driving module;
the first feedback adjusting unit is connected with the first driving power supply unit and is used for sampling the output voltage of the first driving power supply unit and adjusting the output voltage of the first driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage;
the lower bridge driving power module includes:
the second driving power supply unit is connected with a driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the lower bridge arm and outputs voltage to the driving module;
the second feedback adjusting unit is connected with the control module and the second driving power supply unit and is used for sampling the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit and adjusting the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage;
when the control module needs to actively discharge, the second feedback regulating unit is triggered to reduce the output voltage by increasing the sampling voltage or reducing the set reference value.
Preferably, the second feedback adjustment unit includes:
the first voltage sampling subunit is connected with the driving power supply unit and is used for detecting the output voltage of the driving power supply unit;
the first regulating subunit is respectively connected with the control module, the first voltage sampling subunit and the driving power supply unit and is used for regulating the output voltage of the driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage of the first voltage sampling subunit;
and when the control module needs to actively discharge, triggering the first regulating subunit to reduce the set reference value.
In a specific embodiment, the second feedback adjustment unit includes:
the second voltage sampling subunit is connected with the driving power supply unit and is used for detecting the output voltage of the driving power supply unit;
the second regulating subunit is respectively connected with the second voltage sampling subunit and the driving power supply unit and is used for regulating the output voltage of the driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage of the second voltage sampling subunit;
and the voltage increasing subunit is respectively connected with the second voltage sampling subunit and the control module and is used for increasing the sampling voltage output by the second voltage sampling subunit to the second regulating subunit.
In a specific embodiment, the second voltage sampling subunit includes a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, one end of the first sampling resistor is connected to the positive power supply end of the driving power supply unit, and the other end of the first sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the driving power supply unit through the second sampling resistor;
the voltage increasing subunit is connected with the first sampling resistor in parallel, the voltage increasing subunit comprises a first controllable switch and a first adjusting resistor which are connected in series, a control end of the first controllable switch is connected with the control module, and the control module triggers the first controllable switch to switch from a cut-off state to a conduction state when active discharge is required.
In a specific embodiment, the second voltage sampling subunit includes a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, one end of the first sampling resistor is connected to the positive power supply end of the driving power supply unit, and the other end of the first sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the driving power supply unit through the second sampling resistor;
the voltage increasing subunit is connected with the second sampling resistor in parallel, the voltage increasing subunit comprises a second controllable switch and a second adjusting resistor which are connected in series, the control end of the second controllable switch is connected with the control module, and the control module triggers the second controllable switch to switch from a conducting state to a cut-off state when active discharge is required.
Preferably, the first driving power supply unit and the second driving power supply unit each include: the device comprises a driving power supply, an energy storage module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a positive power supply end, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with a negative power supply end through the voltage stabilizing module, and the second end of the energy storage module is used as a reference ground.
Preferably, the energy storage module comprises a capacitor, and the voltage stabilizing module comprises a voltage stabilizing diode.
In a specific embodiment, the system further comprises a plurality of driving switching modules corresponding to the plurality of driving modules, wherein two input ends and one control end of the driving switching modules are respectively connected with the control module, and the output ends of the driving switching modules are connected with the corresponding driving modules;
when the control module needs to actively discharge, the output end of the driving switching module is triggered to be switched from being connected with the first input end to being connected with the second input end, wherein the first input end receives a normal driving signal, and the second input end receives an active discharge driving signal.
Preferably, the driving switching module comprises an analog switch.
The active discharge system of the motor controller has the following beneficial effects: the driving module, the upper bridge driving power module and the lower bridge driving power module can realize normal work and an active discharging process, and only when in active discharging, the driving module of the upper bridge arm drives the semiconductor switch in the upper bridge arm to enter a straight-through state, and the driving module of the lower bridge arm drives the semiconductor switch in the lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state, so that the cost of an active discharging scheme is reduced; and the lower bridge driving power module reduces the output voltage of the driving module output to the lower bridge arm to enable the semiconductor switch in the lower bridge arm to enter a linear region, so that the voltage change rate and the current change rate of the semiconductor switch of the lower bridge arm in the active discharging process can be reduced.
Drawings
For a clearer description of an embodiment of the invention or of a technical solution in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiment or of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained, without inventive effort, by a person skilled in the art from the drawings provided:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a circuit of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a circuit of a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a part of a circuit of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It should be noted that the terms "equal," "same," "simultaneous," and the like are not limited to absolute equality or identity in mathematical terms, and may be engineering-wise similar or within acceptable error in practicing the claims. The term "coupled" or "connected" or other similar terms include not only directly coupling two entities but also indirectly coupling through other entities having a beneficial effect.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The terms including ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and the like used in the present specification may be used to describe various constituent elements, but these constituent elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first component may be termed a second component, and, similarly, a second component may be termed a first component, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the general idea of the present invention is: an active discharging system of a motor controller is designed, which comprises a control module, a plurality of driving modules, an upper bridge driving power module and a lower bridge driving power module, wherein each driving module is connected with the control module and a control end of a semiconductor switch in a corresponding bridge arm. As shown in fig. 1, 100 denotes a control module, 201, 301, 401 denotes a driving module corresponding to each upper arm, 202, 302, 402 denotes a driving module corresponding to each lower arm, 500 denotes an upper-bridge driving power supply module, and 600 denotes a lower-bridge driving power supply module.
The upper bridge driving power module 500 is connected to the driving modules 201, 301, 401 of the semiconductor switches of all the upper bridge arms, and the lower bridge driving power module 600 is connected to the control module 100 and to the driving modules 202, 302, 402 of all the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arms.
When active discharging is required, the control module 100 triggers the driving modules 201, 301, 401 of the semiconductor switches connected to the upper bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding upper bridge arm to enter a through state (i.e. keep closed), and triggers the lower bridge driving power module 600 to reduce the output voltage to the driving modules 202, 302, 402 of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm so that the semiconductor switches in the lower bridge arm enter a linear region, and triggers the driving modules 202, 302, 402 of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state (i.e. switch with a preset duty ratio).
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and not limit the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 in combination with fig. 1, an active discharge system of a motor controller according to a first embodiment includes: the control module 100, the plurality of driving modules 201, 202, 301, 302, 401, 402 (the driving modules corresponding to the remaining two-phase bridge arms are not illustrated in fig. 2), the upper bridge driving power module 500, the lower bridge driving power module 600, and the driving switching modules 701 and 702 corresponding to the driving modules 201 and 202, it is understood that, because the embodiment only illustrates an active short-circuit scheme implemented by a one-phase bridge arm, only two driving switching modules are required to be designed, and in fact, the active short-circuit scheme implemented by a two-phase or three-phase bridge arm can be expanded, and only the number of corresponding driving switching modules is required to be increased.
The two input ends and one control end of the driving switching modules 701 and 702 are respectively connected with the control module 100, the output ends of the driving switching modules 701 and 702 are connected with the input ends of the corresponding driving modules 201 and 202, the output end of each driving module 201, 202, 301, 302, 401 and 402 is connected with the control end (the rest two-phase bridge arms are not shown) of the semiconductor switch in the corresponding bridge arm, the upper bridge driving power module 500 is connected with the power input ends of the driving modules 201, 301 and 401 corresponding to all the upper bridge arms, and the lower bridge driving power module 600 is connected with the power input ends of the driving modules 100 and the driving modules 202, 302 and 402 corresponding to all the lower bridge arms.
As can be seen, compared to the upper bridge driving power module 500, the lower bridge driving power module 600 is further connected to the control module 100, and when active discharging is required, the control module 100 will issue an active discharging auxiliary signal (mcu_fd) to the lower bridge driving power module 600, and the lower bridge driving power module 600 will reduce the output voltage of the driving modules 202, 302, 402 output to the respective lower bridge arms after receiving the active discharging auxiliary signal (mcu_fd) so that the semiconductor switches in the lower bridge arms enter the linear region.
The first input of the driving switching module 701, 702 receives the normal driving signals (pwm_1, pwm_2) sent by the control module 100, and the second input of the driving switching module 701, 702 receives the active discharge driving signals (pwm_fd_1, pwm_fd_2) sent by the control module 100. When active discharge is required, the control module 100 simultaneously issues an active discharge auxiliary signal (mcu_fd) to the control terminals of the driving switching modules 701 and 702, so as to trigger the output terminals of the driving switching modules 701 and 702 to switch from being connected with the first input terminal to being connected with the second input terminal.
In this embodiment, the control module employs an MCU. The drive switching modules 701, 702 may employ analog switches. The inverter bridge is formed by IGBT modules, and an upper tube of the IGBT and a lower tube of the IGBT are connected in series to form a bridge arm. The upper bridge drive power supply module 500 provides the positive power supply vcc_1 and the negative power supply vee_1 of the drive modules 201, 301, 401 of all the upper bridge arms, and the lower bridge drive power supply module 600 provides the positive power supply vcc_2 and the negative power supply vee_2 of the drive modules 202, 302, 402 of all the lower bridge arms. The driving module can adopt an IGBT driving circuit, such as an IC matched power amplifying circuit, an optocoupler matched power amplifying circuit, a transformer matched power amplifying circuit and the like.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the working principle of the present embodiment is as follows:
the upper bridge driving power supply module 500 and the lower bridge driving power supply module 600 respectively supply power to the driving modules 201, 301 and 401 of the upper tube and the driving modules 202, 302 and 402 of the lower tube of the IGBT, and the following signals may be output by the MCU: a normal driving signal (pwm_1, pwm_2), an active discharge driving signal (pwm_fd_1, pwm_fd_2), and an active discharge auxiliary signal (mcu_fd);
when working normally, the upper bridge driving power supply module 500 and the lower bridge driving power supply module 600 output normal voltages vcc_1 and vee_1, vcc_2 and vee_2, and the igbt upper and lower tubes are in the saturation region. The MCU outputs pwm_1 and pwm_2 signals to the first input end of the corresponding two analog switches (because in this embodiment, only one phase of bridge arm participates in active discharge, the driving modules of the other two phases of bridge arms directly receive the corresponding normal driving signals issued by the MCU during normal operation, without passing through the analog switches), at this time, the analog switches do not receive the mcu_fd signals, so that the output ends of the analog switches are connected to the first input end, that is, the pwm_1 and pwm_2 signals are output to the corresponding driving modules 201 and 202, thereby ensuring that the IGBT is normally switched;
when active discharge is performed, the MCU outputs PWM_FD_1, PWM_FD_2 and MCU_FD signals, wherein the MCU_FD signals are simultaneously transmitted to a second input end of the corresponding two analog switches and a lower bridge driving power module 600, on one hand, the output ends of the analog switches are switched to be connected with the second input end, namely driving signals of an upper tube and a lower tube of the IGBT are respectively switched to PWM_FD_1 and PWM_FD_2, the PWM_FD_1 signals drive the upper tube of the IGBT to be closed through a driving module 201 so as to enter the straight-through state, and the PWM_FD_2 signals drive the lower tube of the IGBT through a driving module 202 to be switched at a predesigned duty ratio so as to enter the short-time switching state, so that active discharge of the direct-current capacitor is finally realized; on the other hand, the lower bridge driving power module 600 decreases the output voltage, so the IGBT lower tube enters the linear region from the saturation region, and thus the voltage change rate dv/dt and the current change rate di/dt decrease.
It should be noted that, how much the output voltage of the lower bridge driving power module 600 is specifically reduced can be known in advance according to the characteristics of the IGBT module, and the value Vref1 of the output voltage during normal operation and the value Vref2 of the output voltage after the reduction can be written into the lower bridge driving power module 600 in advance, and the lower bridge driving power module calls Vref1 during normal operation, and selects Vref2 once the mcu_fd signal is received, which will be further described in the following fourth embodiment. Of course, the method of reducing the output voltage of the driving module of each lower bridge arm may also depend on the addition of hardware circuits, which will be further described in the following second and third embodiments. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the cost aspect is simply to add an analog switch, and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the prior art.
In fact, the analog switch can also be replaced by a software module, if the analog switch is replaced by the software module, the MCU_FD signal is not required to trigger, the signal output to the driving module is directly switched by the MCU, and if the software module is adopted, the whole scheme can be realized without adding any hardware circuit, and only the lower bridge driving power supply module 600 is required to be connected with the MCU to obtain the MCU_FD signal, so that the cost is further reduced to be negligible.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, the upper bridge driving power module 500 and the lower bridge driving power module 600 each specifically include: and a driving power supply unit and a feedback adjusting unit. The feedback adjustment unit of the lower bridge driving power module 600 is further connected to the control module 100, and when the control module 100 needs to actively discharge, the feedback adjustment unit of the lower bridge arm is triggered to reduce the output voltage by increasing the sampling voltage or reducing the set reference value.
Specifically, the feedback adjustment unit specifically includes: a voltage sampling subunit and a regulating subunit. The driving power supply unit comprises a driving power supply, an energy storage module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a positive power supply end, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with a negative power supply end through the voltage stabilizing module, and the second end of the energy storage module is used as a reference ground.
As in fig. 3, 501 and 601 represent driving power supply units 500 and 600, respectively. 5011. 6011 represents the driving power sources 501, 601, respectively. 502. 602 represent the drive power supply unit conditioning sub-units of 500, 600, respectively. 503. 603 denote voltage sampling sub-units 500, 600, respectively.
The voltage sampling subunits 503 and 603 are respectively connected with the driving power supply units 501 and 601 and are used for detecting output voltages of the driving power supply units 501 and 601; the adjustment subunits 502 and 602 are respectively connected to the voltage sampling subunits 503 and 603 and the driving power supply units 501 and 601, and are used for adjusting the output voltages of the driving power supply units 501 and 601 to set reference values according to the sampling voltages of the voltage sampling subunits 503 and 603.
The feedback regulation unit of the lower bridge driving power module 600 further includes a sampling voltage increasing subunit 604 connected to the voltage sampling subunit 603 and the control module 100, where the voltage increasing subunit 604 is configured to increase the sampling voltage output by the voltage sampling subunit 603 to the regulation subunit 602, compared to the feedback regulation unit in the upper bridge driving power module 500.
Referring to fig. 3, capacitors c_1 and c_2 are respectively used by the upper bridge driving power module 500 and the energy storage module in the lower bridge driving power module 600, voltage stabilizing diodes z_1 and z_2 are respectively used by the voltage stabilizing module, and an isolating switch power is used as the driving power. Z_1 and C_1 are connected in series to form the output of the driving power 5011 of the upper bridge driving power module 500, and Z_2 and C_2 are connected in series to form the output of the driving power 6011 of the lower bridge driving power module 600. The positive power supply terminals of the driving power supplies 5011, 6011 are connected to the positive power supplies of the driving modules 201, 202, respectively, and the negative power supply terminals of the driving power supplies 5011, 6011 are connected to the negative power supply outputs of the driving modules 201, 202. The outputs of the driving modules 201, 202 are connected to the gate stages of the IGBT upper and lower tubes, respectively.
Referring to fig. 3, the voltage sampling subunit includes first sampling resistors r_11, r_21 and second sampling resistors r_12, r_22, one ends of the first sampling resistors r_11, r_21 are connected to positive power supply ends of the driving power supply units 501, 601, and the other ends of the first sampling resistors r_11, r_21 are connected to the reference ground of the driving power supply units 501, 601 via the second sampling resistors r_12, r_22.
The voltage boosting subunit 604 is connected in parallel to the first sampling resistor r_21. Specifically, the voltage boosting subunit 604 includes a first controllable switch s_2 and a first adjusting resistor r_31 connected in series, where a control end of the first controllable switch s_2 is connected to the control module 100, and when active discharging is required, the control module 100 triggers the first controllable switch s_2 to switch from an off state to an on state.
It is understood that the first controllable switch s_2 may be, but not limited to, an electronic switch or a switch chip such as a MOS transistor, a triode, or the like.
Since pwm_1, pwm_2 and pwm_fd_1, the switching of pwm_fd_2 can refer to embodiment one, and will not be described herein. The following only describes the principle of the lower bridge driving power module 600 for reducing the output voltage in this embodiment: when active discharge is needed, the MCU sends out MCU_FD signals, the switch S_2 is closed, the resistor R_31 is connected into a circuit, so that the current of the current resistor R_22 becomes larger, the sampling voltage transmitted to the regulating subunit 602 becomes larger, the duty ratio of the driving power supply becomes lower through the regulating action of the regulating subunit 602, and the output voltage becomes lower; since the negative voltage is provided by the voltage stabilizing tube Z_2, the positive voltage of the IGBT is reduced, the IGBT enters a linear region to work, and meanwhile, the voltage change rate dv/dt and the current change rate di/dt are reduced.
It can be seen that in the present embodiment, the cost is simply increased by the analog switch, the switch s_2 and the resistor r_31, and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the prior art.
Example III
Referring to fig. 4, compared with the third embodiment, the difference is that the voltage increasing subunit 604 is connected in parallel with the second sampling resistor r_22, the voltage increasing subunit 604 includes a second controllable switch s_3 and a second adjusting resistor r_32 connected in series, a control end of the second controllable switch s_3 is connected to the control module 100, and when active discharging is required, the control module 100 triggers the second controllable switch s_3 to switch from an on state to an off state.
In this embodiment, the principle that the lower bridge driving power module reduces the output voltage is as follows: when active discharge is needed, the MCU sends out MCU_FD signals, the switch S_3 is opened, the resistor R_32 is not connected into a circuit any more, so that the current of the current resistor R_22 becomes larger, the sampling voltage transmitted to the regulating subunit 602 becomes larger, the duty ratio of the driving power supply becomes lower through the regulating action of the regulating subunit 602, and the output voltage becomes lower; since the negative voltage is provided by the voltage stabilizing tube Z_2, the positive voltage of the IGBT is reduced, the IGBT enters a linear region to work, and meanwhile, the voltage change rate dv/dt and the current change rate di/dt are reduced.
It is to be understood that the method of increasing the sampling voltage is not limited to the second and third embodiments, and may be implemented by using a multiplier or the like.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the cost aspect is simply to add the analog switch, switch s_3 closed and resistor r_32, which is greatly reduced compared to the prior art.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 5, the difference between the present embodiment and the second and third embodiments is that the lower bridge driving power module reduces the output voltage. In the second and third embodiments, the sampling voltage is increased and the reference value is kept unchanged, and in the present embodiment, the output voltage is reduced by resetting the reference value. Specifically, in this embodiment, the feedback adjustment unit includes:
the voltage sampling subunit is connected with the driving power supply unit and is used for detecting the output voltage of the driving power supply unit;
the adjusting subunit is respectively connected with the voltage sampling subunit and the driving power supply unit and is used for adjusting the output voltage of the driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage of the voltage sampling subunit;
the regulating subunit of the lower bridge driving power supply module is further connected with the control module, the control module sends an MCU_FD signal when active discharge is needed, and the regulating subunit reduces a set reference value according to the MCU_FD signal, and the final output voltage of the driving power supply is equal to the reference value, so that the output voltage can be reduced by reducing the reference value.
It will be appreciated that the MCU FD signal may be either a signal containing a new reference value or just a trigger signal, if one is required, the new reference value may be written to the adjustment subunit in advance.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the cost aspect is simply to add an analog switch, and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the prior art.
In summary, the active discharge system of the motor controller has the following advantages: the driving module, the upper bridge driving power module and the lower bridge driving power module can realize normal work and an active discharging process, and only when in active discharging, the driving module of the upper bridge arm drives the semiconductor switch in the upper bridge arm to enter a straight-through state, and the driving module of the lower bridge arm drives the semiconductor switch in the lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state, so that the cost of an active discharging scheme is reduced; and the lower bridge driving power module reduces the output voltage of the driving module output to the lower bridge arm to enable the semiconductor switch in the lower bridge arm to enter a linear region, so that the voltage change rate and the current change rate of the semiconductor switch of the lower bridge arm in the active discharging process can be reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The active discharge system of the motor controller is characterized by comprising a control module, a plurality of driving modules, an upper bridge driving power module and a lower bridge driving power module, wherein each driving module is connected with the control module and the control end of a semiconductor switch in a corresponding bridge arm; the upper bridge driving power supply module is connected with and supplies power to all driving modules connected to the semiconductor switches of the upper bridge arm, and the lower bridge driving power supply module is connected with and supplies power to all driving modules connected to the semiconductor switches of the lower bridge arm;
when the upper bridge driving power supply module and the lower bridge driving power supply module work normally, the upper bridge driving power supply module and the lower bridge driving power supply module output normal voltages to a driving module connected to the semiconductor switch of the upper bridge arm and a driving module connected to the semiconductor switch of the lower bridge arm respectively, so that the semiconductor switch of the upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch of the lower bridge arm are in a saturation region;
when active discharge is required, the control module triggers the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the upper bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding upper bridge arm to enter a straight-through state, and simultaneously triggers the lower bridge driving power module to reduce output voltage to the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm so that the semiconductor switches in the lower bridge arm enter a linear region, and triggers the driving modules of the semiconductor switches connected to the lower bridge arm to drive the semiconductor switches in the corresponding lower bridge arm to enter a short-time switch state;
the upper bridge driving power module includes:
a first driving power supply unit connected with the driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the upper bridge arm and outputting voltage to the driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the upper bridge arm;
the first feedback adjusting unit is connected with the first driving power supply unit and is used for sampling the output voltage of the first driving power supply unit and adjusting the output voltage of the first driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage;
the lower bridge driving power module includes:
a second driving power supply unit connected with the driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the lower bridge arm and outputting voltage to the driving module of the semiconductor switch connected to the lower bridge arm;
the second feedback adjusting unit is connected with the control module and the second driving power supply unit and is used for sampling the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit and adjusting the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage;
when the control module needs to actively discharge, the control module triggers the second feedback regulating unit to reduce the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit by increasing the sampling voltage or reducing the set reference value.
2. The active discharge system of a motor controller of claim 1, wherein the second feedback adjustment unit comprises:
the first voltage sampling subunit is connected with the second driving power supply unit and is used for detecting the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit;
the first regulating subunit is respectively connected with the control module, the first voltage sampling subunit and the second driving power supply unit and is used for regulating the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage of the first voltage sampling subunit;
and when the control module needs to actively discharge, triggering the first regulating subunit to reduce the set reference value.
3. The active discharge system of a motor controller of claim 1, wherein the second feedback adjustment unit comprises:
the second voltage sampling subunit is connected with the second driving power supply unit and is used for detecting the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit;
the second regulating subunit is respectively connected with the second voltage sampling subunit and the second driving power supply unit and is used for regulating the output voltage of the second driving power supply unit to be a set reference value according to the sampling voltage of the second voltage sampling subunit;
and the voltage increasing subunit is respectively connected with the second voltage sampling subunit and the control module and is used for increasing the sampling voltage output by the second voltage sampling subunit to the second regulating subunit.
4. An active discharge system of a motor controller according to claim 3,
the second voltage sampling subunit comprises a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, one end of the first sampling resistor is connected with a positive power end of the output end of the second driving power supply unit, and the other end of the first sampling resistor is connected with the reference ground of the second driving power supply unit through the second sampling resistor;
the voltage increasing subunit is connected with the first sampling resistor in parallel, the voltage increasing subunit comprises a first controllable switch and a first adjusting resistor which are connected in series, a control end of the first controllable switch is connected with the control module, and the control module triggers the first controllable switch to switch from a cut-off state to a conduction state when active discharge is required.
5. The active discharge system of the motor controller according to claim 3, wherein the second voltage sampling subunit comprises a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, one end of the first sampling resistor is connected to a positive power supply end of an output end of the second driving power supply unit, and the other end of the first sampling resistor is connected to a reference ground of the second driving power supply unit through the second sampling resistor;
the voltage increasing subunit is connected with the second sampling resistor in parallel, the voltage increasing subunit comprises a second controllable switch and a second adjusting resistor which are connected in series, the control end of the second controllable switch is connected with the control module, and the control module triggers the second controllable switch to switch from a conducting state to a cut-off state when active discharge is required.
6. The active discharge system of a motor controller of claim 1, wherein the first and second drive power supply units each comprise: the device comprises a driving power supply, an energy storage module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a positive power supply end of an output end of the driving power supply, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with a negative power supply end of the output end of the driving power supply through the voltage stabilizing module, and the second end of the energy storage module is used as a reference ground.
7. The active discharge system of the motor controller of claim 6, wherein the energy storage module comprises a capacitor and the voltage regulator module comprises a zener diode.
8. The active discharge system of a motor controller according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of drive switching modules corresponding to the plurality of drive modules, wherein two input ends and one control end of the drive switching modules are respectively connected with the control modules, and an output end of the drive switching module is connected with the corresponding drive module;
when the control module needs to actively discharge, the output end of the driving switching module is triggered to be switched from being connected with the first input end to being connected with the second input end, wherein the first input end receives a normal driving signal, and the second input end receives an active discharge driving signal.
9. The active discharge system of a motor controller of claim 8, wherein the drive switching module comprises an analog switch.
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| CN108089132B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-09-08 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining quick discharge fault of motor |
| CN108667391A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-16 | 巨自动化装备（上海）有限公司 | A kind of active discharge method of electric machine controller |
| CN110311619B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-04-27 | 深圳市麦格米特驱动技术有限公司 | Motor control circuit and electric automobile |
| CN112104251A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Active discharging method, controller, system and vehicle |
| DE102022109285A1 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-19 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical circuit arrangement, electric drive device, motor vehicle and method for operating an electrical circuit arrangement |
| DE102022112558A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-23 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Motor vehicle with a separately excited synchronous machine and method for actively discharging a capacitor in a high-voltage network |
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Address after: 215000 52 tianedang Road, Yuexi, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 52 tianedang Road, Yuexi, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: SUZHOU HUICHUAN UNITED POWER SYSTEM Co.,Ltd. |
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