CN107186304B - Vibration auxiliary device and its application for synchronous rotating electric discharge machining of multiple tool electrodes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration auxiliary device for synchronously rotating and discharging multiple tool electrodes to machine multiple micropores and application thereof, comprising a vibration motor, a spring supporting part, a vibration connecting rod and a guide bracket; the vibrating motor is connected with the top of the spring supporting part, the vibrating connecting rod penetrates through the guide support, the top end of the vibrating connecting rod is connected with the spring supporting part, and the bottom end of the vibrating connecting rod is connected with the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating clamp device. The vibration auxiliary device of the invention applies vibration to the plurality of rotary tool electrodes on the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotary clamp device, can realize the synchronous rotation of the multi-tool electrode, vibration and electric spark discharge combined machining of a plurality of micro holes of a multi-micro hole workpiece, and can also realize the synchronous rotation of the multi-tool electrode, vibration and electric spark discharge combined machining of a plurality of micro holes of a plurality of single micro hole workpiece, the machining efficiency is several times that of the current single-electrode rotary-vibration and electric spark discharge combined machining method, and the machining efficiency is obviously improved.

Description

Vibration auxiliary device and application of multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electric discharge machining with multiple micro-holes

technical field

The invention relates to a vibration auxiliary device for synchronously rotating electric discharge machining of multi-tool electrodes and its application, and belongs to the technical field of special processing equipment.

Background technique

Micropores are widely used in engine, aerospace, medical equipment, microelectronics, precision machinery, mold and other equipment fields. Since the materials using micro-holes are mostly high-strength, high-hardness and difficult-to-machine materials, such as heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, hard alloy, diamond, etc., and the machining holes must reach a certain depth, making micro-hole machining the most difficult hole machining one of the techniques.

The EDM micro-discharge machining method has certain technical advantages in micro-hole machining: (1) Any conductive material can be processed without being limited by strength and hardness; (2) There is basically no cutting force, which affects the strength and rigidity of the tool. The requirements are low; therefore, in actual production, EDM micro-discharge machining technology is often used for the processing of micro-holes in conductive difficult-to-machine materials.

The efficiency of pure EDM technology in machining micro-pores is relatively low. However, applying tool rotation or vibration control to EDM can improve chip removal effect, improve processing quality, and significantly increase the number of effective sparks and processing efficiency. Using the rotating mechanism to drive the ultrasonic vibration tool electrode can realize the combination of rotation-ultrasonic vibration-EDM machining of a single microscopic hole, but the processing efficiency is also limited.

Compared with the method of single tool electrode rotation-ultrasonic vibration-EDM composite machining of a single micropore, increasing the number of tool electrodes to realize multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation-vibration-EDM composite machining of multiple micropores can double the To improve processing efficiency, however, there is currently no device that integrates multi-tool electrodes to realize synchronous rotation and simultaneous vibration of multi-tool electrodes, which is used in the multi-microhole machining process.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a vibration auxiliary device for synchronous rotating electric discharge machining of multi-tool electrodes. The vibration auxiliary device can effectively combine the rotating multi-tool electrode mechanism with the vibration structure to realize multi-tool electrode synchronization. It rotates and vibrates at the same time. Using a special pulse power supply and servo system control, it can complete the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation-vibration-electric discharge composite machining of multiple micro-holes.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining with multiple micro-pores, including a vibration motor, a spring support part, a vibration connecting rod and a guide bracket; the vibration motor is connected to the top of the spring support part, the vibration connecting rod runs through the guide bracket and The top end of the vibration connecting rod is connected with the spring supporting part, and the bottom end is connected with the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device.

Preferably, the spring support part includes a top plate, a spring and a seat plate, four springs are evenly distributed between the top plate and the seat plate, the vibration motor is connected with the top plate, and the top end of the vibration connecting rod passes through the seat plate and is connected with the top plate , the guide bracket is connected with the seat plate.

Further preferably, the vibrating connecting rod is a rectangular solid rod, the top of the vibrating connecting rod is connected with two self-lubricating bushings arranged oppositely, and the self-lubricating bushings are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate through an angle steel.

Preferably, the guide bracket is mainly surrounded by four steel plates, two adjacent steel plates are fixedly connected by angle steel, and the four steel plates are installed on the bottom surface of the seat plate by angle steel and bolts.

Preferably, two sets of upper and lower limit bearings are arranged on the guide bracket, each set of limit bearings includes eight limit bearings arranged on four steel plates, and the vibration connecting rod is located in the middle of the limit bearings.

Preferably, the vibration motor is a DC vibration motor, and the DC vibration motor is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate by screws.

Preferably, the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device includes a fixture plate, a brush plate, a tool electrode fixture, a brush, a motor and a timing belt; the brush plate is located above the fixture plate and connected by bolts, and the tool electrode fixture is installed On the fixture disc, the brush and the motor are installed on the brush disc, the brush corresponds to the tool electrode fixture up and down, and the output shaft of the motor drives the tool electrode fixture to rotate through the synchronous belt.

Preferably, the tool electrode fixture includes a hollow stepped shaft, a pulley, a collet, a nut and a tool electrode, the pulley is connected to the upper part of the hollow stepped shaft and is wound around a timing belt, and the hollow stepped shaft runs through the clamp disc and passes through the deep groove ball The bearing and retaining ring are fixedly connected to the fixture disk, the tool electrode is set in the hollow stepped shaft and is in contact with the brush, the collet is connected to the bottom of the hollow stepped shaft to fix the tool electrode and locked by a nut.

Further preferably, the collet is a spring collet, and the nut is a special nut for a spring collet, and the nut is threadedly connected to the bottom of the hollow stepped shaft for locking the collet. The advantage of this design is that the tool electrode is clamped by the spring collet (that is, the collet), which is safe and reliable, and the corresponding clamping force can be adjusted according to the thickness of different tool electrodes.

A working method of a vibration auxiliary device for synchronously rotating electric discharge machining of multi-tool electrodes comprising the following steps:

Start the vibration motor, and the vibration motor generates an exciting force. Driven by the exciting force, the top plate moves up, down, left, and right. Since the top plate is constrained by four springs, the left and right motion is relatively small, and the vertical displacement of the spring is relatively large. , so the top plate mainly moves up and down, and when the top plate moves up and down, it drives the connected vibration connecting rod to also move up and down, thereby driving the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device connected to the bottom end of the vibration connecting rod to vibrate up and down.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Utilize the vibration auxiliary device of the present invention to apply vibration to a plurality of rotating tool electrodes on the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device, which can realize multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation-vibration-electric discharge composite processing of multi-micropore workpieces (such as aeroengines) The multiple micro-holes of the fuel injection atomization chamber plate) can also realize the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation-vibration-electric discharge composite processing of multiple micro-holes of multiple single-micro-hole workpieces (such as nozzles, etc.), and the processing efficiency is currently the highest It is several times that of the single-electrode rotation-vibration-EDM composite machining method, and the machining efficiency is significantly improved.

2. Compared with the electromagnetic excitation method, the vibration auxiliary device of the present invention uses a DC vibration motor to generate the excitation force, adjusts the vibration frequency by adjusting the voltage, and adjusts the vibration amplitude by adjusting the eccentric block. It has the characteristics of simple implementation and easy control.

3. Using the rotating mechanism to drive the ultrasonic vibration electrode can realize the vibration composite processing of a single micro-hole, but the cost of multi-electrode ultrasonic vibration composite processing is high and complicated. Compared with this auxiliary device, the multi-micro-hole processing can be realized at low cost. Low-frequency vibration composite machining has created a new vibration-assisted method for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation-vibration-EDM composite machining of micro-pores.

4. The vibration auxiliary device of the present invention is reasonable in structure, ingenious in design, easy to operate, low in cost, has obvious effect and convenient adjustment, and is worthy of popularization and application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the structure of the vibration assisting device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left view of the structure of the vibration assisting device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an A-A sectional view of the vibration assisting device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the vibration assisting device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device used in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device.

Among them: 1 is the vibration motor, 2 is the top plate, 3 is the spring, 4 is the angle steel connected with the vibration connecting rod, 5 is the self-lubricating bushing, 6 is the seat plate, 7 is the bracket connection angle steel, 8 is the bracket steel plate, 9 is the limit Position bearing, 10 is the limit bearing adjustment screw, 11 is the fastening angle steel, 12 is the vibration connecting rod, 13 is the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation fixture device, 14 is the bolt, 15 is the tension guide wheel, 16 is the brush, 17 18 is the pulley, 19 is the synchronous belt, 20 is the fixture plate, 21 is the pulley, 22 is the circular lug, 23 is the motor, 24 is the brush plate, 25 is the hollow step shaft, 26 is the depth Groove ball bearing, 27 are nuts, 28 are chucks.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below by means of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a vibration auxiliary device for synchronously rotating electric discharge machining of multi-tool electrodes, including a vibration motor 1, a spring support part, a vibration connecting rod 12 and a guide bracket; the vibration motor 1 Connected to the top of the spring support part, the vibrating connecting rod 12 runs through the guide bracket and the top end of the vibrating connecting rod is connected to the spring supporting part, and the bottom end is connected to the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device 13 .

Wherein, the spring supporting portion comprises a top plate 2, a spring 3 and a seat plate 6, four springs 3 are evenly distributed between the top plate 2 and the seat plate 6, the vibration motor 1 is connected with the top plate 2, and the top of the vibration connecting rod 12 The seat plate 6 is connected to the top plate 1 through the seat plate 6 , and the guide bracket is connected to the seat plate 6 . The top plate 2 and the seat plate 6 are rectangular plates, and the springs 3 are fixed on the four corners of the top plate 2 and the seat plate 6 by welding, and the parameters of the four springs are consistent. The stiffness and damping coefficient of the spring 3 are mainly based on the mass of the vibrating body (i.e. the total mass of the vibrating motor 1, the top plate 2, the vibrating connecting rod 12 and the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device 13), the exciting force of the vibrating motor 1, and the target vibration amplitude obtained by solving the vibration differential equation established by et al.

The vibrating connecting rod 12 is a rectangular solid rod, and the top of the vibrating connecting rod 12 is connected with two self-lubricating bushings 5 which are arranged oppositely. The lower bottom surface of the top plate 2 is connected. The vibration motor 1 uses the centrifugal force of the eccentric block to generate an exciting force, which will make the vibration track of the vibration motor 1 an ellipse. The self-lubricating rotation drives the vibrating connecting rod 12 to move up and down, namely vibrating.

The guide bracket is mainly surrounded by four steel plates 8, fixedly connected by angle steel 11 between two adjacent steel plates, and the tops of the four steel plates 8 are installed on the bottom surface of the seat plate 6 by angle steel 7 and bolts. Two sets of limit bearings are arranged on the guide bracket, and each set of limit bearings includes eight limit bearings 9 arranged on four steel plates 8, that is, two limit bearings are installed on each plate and the limit bearings pass through Adjusting screw 10 is connected on the steel plate, and vibration connecting rod 12 is positioned at the middle of limit bearing 9, and vibration connecting rod 12 can only realize the vibration of vertical direction by limit bearing 9 rolling limit when vibration motor 1 vibrates.

In this embodiment, the vibration motor 1 is a DC vibration motor with simple speed regulation, and the DC vibration motor is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate 2 by screws. The rotating centrifugal force of a set of adjustable eccentric blocks installed at both ends of the rotor shaft of the motor is used to generate the exciting force. The main parameters of the DC vibration motor are: rated power, rated speed, rated working voltage, level of exciting force, etc. The selection of the DC vibration motor 1 is mainly based on the mass range and amplitude range of the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device 13 to determine the rated power of the DC motor so that it can meet the load requirements of a certain mass range.

Under the selected situation of the motor power parameter, there are two methods for adjusting the vibration parameter of the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device 13:

(1) Adjust the vibration frequency: by adjusting the speed of the vibration motor 1, use the PWM voltage regulation technology to adjust the operating voltage of the vibration motor 1 to change the motor speed, and then change the vibration frequency of the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device 13.

(2) Adjust the vibration amplitude: adjust the size of the exciting force steplessly by adjusting the angle between the eccentric blocks installed at the two ends of the shaft extension of the vibration motor 1, and then change the vibration amplitude of the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device 13.

Example 2:

A vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining with multi-micropores, the structure is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that the vibration auxiliary device can not only be used to connect the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device, but also can be used It is used to process micro-holes when connected to a single-tool electrode fixture device, but when it is connected to a multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device, its work efficiency is the highest, and the effect consistency of multi-micro hole processing is better.

As shown in Fig. 5, the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device 13 that is matched and connected comprises clamp plate 20, electric brush plate 24, tool electrode clamp, electric brush 16, motor 23 and synchronous belt 19; 20 above and connected by bolts 14, the tool electrode fixture is installed on the fixture plate 20, the brush 16 and the motor 23 are installed on the brush plate 24, the brush 16 corresponds to the tool electrode fixture up and down, and the output shaft of the motor 23 is provided with a belt The pulley 21, the pulley 21 drives the tool electrode clamp to rotate through the synchronous belt 19. The bottom end of the vibration connecting rod 12 passes through the center of the brush plate 24 and the clamp plate 20 and is fixedly connected with the brush plate and the clamp plate by screws.

The tool electrode fixture includes a hollow stepped shaft 25, a pulley 18, a collet 28, a nut 27 and a tool electrode 17. The pulley 18 is connected to the upper part of the hollow stepped shaft 25 and is wound around the timing belt 19. The hollow stepped shaft 25 runs through the clamp disc 20 It is fixedly connected to the fixture disc 20 through deep groove ball bearings 26 and retaining rings. The tool electrode 17 is set in the hollow stepped shaft 25 and is in contact with the brush 16. The brush 16 is connected to the external power supply through the circular lug 22 on the top. , the collet 28 is connected to the bottom of the hollow stepped shaft 25 for fixing the tool electrode 17 and is locked by a nut 27 .

Collet 28 selects collet for use, and nut 27 is a special nut for collet, and the bottom of nut 27 and hollow step shaft 25 is threadedly connected for locking collet 28.

Example 3:

A working method of a vibration auxiliary device utilizing the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating electric discharge machining described in Embodiment 2, comprising the following steps:

Start the vibration motor 1, and the vibration motor 1 generates an exciting force. Driven by the exciting force, the top plate 2 moves up, down, left, and right. Since the top plate 2 is constrained by four springs 3, the left and right movements are relatively small. The displacement in the vertical direction is relatively large, so the top plate 2 mainly moves up and down. When the top plate 2 moves up and down, it drives the connected vibration connecting rod 12 to also move up and down, thereby driving the multi-tool electrode connected to the bottom end of the vibration connecting rod 12 to rotate synchronously. The jig device 13 vibrates up and down.

The motor 23 on the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation fixture device 13 is started, and the pulley 18 on the multi-tool electrode fixture is driven by the timing belt 19 to rotate synchronously, and the brush 16 is in contact with the tool electrode 17 to conduct electricity for the tool electrode. So far, the operation of synchronous rotation-vibration-electric discharge combined machining of multiple micro-holes of multi-tool electrodes has been realized.

Claims (6)

1. A vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining with many micro-pores, characterized in that it comprises a vibration motor, a spring support portion, a vibration connecting rod and a guide bracket; the vibration motor is connected to the top of the spring support portion, vibrating The connecting rod runs through the guide bracket, and the top end of the vibrating connecting rod is connected with the spring support part, and the bottom end is connected with the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotation fixture device; The spring supporting part includes a top plate, a spring and a seat plate, four springs are evenly distributed between the top plate and the seat plate, the vibration motor is connected with the top plate, the top end of the vibration connecting rod passes through the seat plate and is connected with the top plate, and the guide bracket Connect with seat plate; The vibrating connecting rod is a rectangular solid rod, and the top of the vibrating connecting rod is connected with two self-lubricating bushings arranged oppositely, and the self-lubricating bushing is fixedly connected with the lower bottom surface of the top plate through an angle steel; The guide bracket is mainly surrounded by four steel plates, and two adjacent steel plates are fixedly connected by angle steel, and the four steel plates are installed on the bottom surface of the seat plate through angle steel and bolts; The vibration motor is a DC vibration motor, and the DC vibration motor is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate by screws. 2. The vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining with multiple micropores as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the guide bracket is provided with two sets of upper and lower limit bearings, and each set of limit bearings includes a Eight limit bearings on four steel plates, and the vibration connecting rod is located in the middle of the limit bearings. 3. The vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining of many micropores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating fixture device includes a clamp plate, a brush plate, a tool electrode clamp, an electric brush, motor and timing belt; the brush plate is located above the fixture plate and connected by bolts, the tool electrode fixture is installed on the fixture plate, the brush and the motor are installed on the brush plate, and the brush and the tool electrode fixture correspond up and down, The output shaft of the motor drives the tool electrode holder to rotate through the synchronous belt. 4. The vibration auxiliary device for multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining with multiple micropores as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tool electrode clamp comprises a hollow step shaft, a pulley, a collet, a nut and a tool electrode, The pulley is connected to the upper part of the hollow stepped shaft and is wound around the synchronous belt. The hollow stepped shaft runs through the fixture disk and is fixedly connected to the fixture disk through deep groove ball bearings and retaining rings. The tool electrode is set in the hollow stepped shaft and is in contact with the brush. , the collet is connected to the bottom of the hollow stepped shaft for fixing the tool electrode and locked by a nut. 5. The multi-tool electrode synchronously rotating electric discharge machining vibration auxiliary device for multi-micropores as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the collet is selected from a collet, and the nut is a special nut for a collet, and the nut is a special nut for the collet. The cap is threadedly connected with the bottom of the hollow stepped shaft for locking the collet. 6. A working method of a vibration auxiliary device for synchronous rotating electrical discharge machining of multi-tool electrodes as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: Start the vibration motor, and the vibration motor generates an exciting force. Driven by the exciting force, the top plate moves up, down, left, and right. Since the top plate is constrained by four springs, the left and right motion is relatively small, and the vertical displacement of the spring is relatively large. , so the top plate mainly moves up and down, and when the top plate moves up and down, it drives the connected vibration connecting rod to also move up and down, thereby driving the multi-tool electrode synchronous rotating fixture device connected to the bottom end of the vibration connecting rod to vibrate up and down.

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