CN107179353B - Metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measuring system based on electromagnetic loading - Google Patents
Metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measuring system based on electromagnetic loading Download PDFInfo
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- CN107179353B CN107179353B CN201710565782.7A CN201710565782A CN107179353B CN 107179353 B CN107179353 B CN 107179353B CN 201710565782 A CN201710565782 A CN 201710565782A CN 107179353 B CN107179353 B CN 107179353B
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic loading-based metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient online measurement system which is characterized by comprising a singlechip, a pulse signal generator, an ultrasonic transmitting head, an ultrasonic receiving head, an oscilloscope, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply, an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads, wherein the output end of the pulse signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting head, the ultrasonic transmitting head transmits ultrasonic waves to a test piece to be tested, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving head through the test piece to be tested, and the ultrasonic receiving head is connected with the oscilloscope; the singlechip is respectively connected with the pulse signal generator and a control port of the silicon controlled rectifier; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head includes an excitation coil and a permanent magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic loading-based metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient online measurement system.
Background
The metal parts are subject to stress factors that can cause defects and even fractures with serious consequences. Therefore, research and detection of stress in metallic materials are of great importance for both production and scientific testing. Ultrasonic methods are considered to be one of the most promising methods in stress detection because of their many advantages, but the use of the generation method must be done in advance to obtain the bioelectric modulus of the material being tested. The existing method is to stretch a standard test piece in a laboratory by using a material testing machine to obtain the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the material, but the difference between the working environment of a tested workpiece and the laboratory environment can cause the difference between the actual acoustic elasticity coefficient of the material and laboratory data, so that the stress detection result generates errors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic loading-based metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient online measurement system which can measure the acoustic elasticity coefficient of a workpiece in real time and detect stress and eliminate errors caused by environmental factors on the acoustic elasticity coefficient.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the technical scheme that an electromagnetic loading-based metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient online measurement system is provided, and is characterized by comprising a singlechip, a pulse signal generator, an ultrasonic transmitting head, an ultrasonic receiving head, an oscilloscope, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply, an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads, wherein the output end of the pulse signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting head, the ultrasonic transmitting head transmits ultrasonic waves to a test piece to be tested, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving head through the test piece to be tested, and the ultrasonic receiving head is connected with the oscilloscope; the singlechip is respectively connected with the pulse signal generator and a control port of the silicon controlled rectifier; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head comprises an exciting coil and a permanent magnet, the exciting coil is connected with the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier, and the permanent magnet is fixed in the left half area and/or the right half area of the upper part of the exciting coil.
Compared with the prior art, the measuring system has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the electromagnetic induction principle, does not apply force to the workpiece from the outside, but applies force to the workpiece from the inside, so that the internal stress distribution of the test piece is more uniform;
2. the mechanical stretcher uses a chuck to fix a workpiece, and the pressure of the chuck and anti-skid patterns on the chuck can damage the surface of the workpiece. The loading head is not in direct contact with the workpiece, but acts on the workpiece through a magnetic field, so that the damage to the surface of a workpiece test piece is avoided;
3. the invention can realize the on-site measurement of the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the metal plate, and does not need to send the material to a laboratory for measurement, thereby saving the working time and avoiding the error caused by different laboratory environments and working environments on the acoustic elasticity coefficient measurement. The stretching equipment of the system has small volume, is convenient to carry, can be brought to outdoor operation, measures the acoustic elasticity coefficient on site, and reduces errors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an on-line measurement system for acoustic elasticity coefficient of a metal plate based on electromagnetic loading;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loading head of the metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measuring system based on electromagnetic loading, which is installed on the metal plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a loading head of the metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measurement system based on electromagnetic loading;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a loading head of the metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measurement system based on electromagnetic loading of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure in which the loading head of embodiment 2 is mounted on a metal plate;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the loading head of embodiment 3 is mounted on a metal plate;
in the figure, a singlechip, a pulse signal generator, an ultrasonic transmitting head, a test piece to be tested, an ultrasonic receiving head, an oscilloscope, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply, an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier, a loading head, a permanent magnet and an exciting coil, wherein the pulse signal generator, the ultrasonic transmitting head, the test piece to be tested, the ultrasonic receiving head, the oscilloscope, the adjustable stabilized voltage supply, the energy storage capacitor, the silicon controlled rectifier, the loading head, the permanent magnet and the exciting coil are respectively arranged in sequence, and the exciting coil is respectively arranged in sequence.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present application.
The invention relates to an electromagnetic loading-based metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient online measurement system (a system is referred to as a system for short, see fig. 1-3), which comprises a singlechip 1, a pulse signal generator 2, an ultrasonic transmitting head 3, an ultrasonic receiving head 5, an oscilloscope 6, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply 7, an energy storage capacitor 8, a silicon controlled rectifier 9 and four loading heads 10, wherein the output end of the pulse signal generator 2 is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting head 3, the ultrasonic transmitting head 3 transmits ultrasonic waves to a test piece to be tested, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving head 5 through the test piece to be tested 4, the ultrasonic receiving head 5 is connected with the oscilloscope 6, and the oscilloscope 6 is used for displaying and outputting ultrasonic waveforms; the singlechip 1 is respectively connected with control ports of the pulse signal generator 2 and the silicon controlled rectifier 9; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply 7 is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor 8, a silicon controlled rectifier 9 and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head comprises two permanent magnets 10-1 and an exciting coil 10-2, and the exciting coils 10-2 are connected with the output end of the controllable silicon; the permanent magnet 10-1 adopts a neodymium iron boron N52 strong magnetic material, is U-shaped, and adopts the U-shape to entirely wrap the coil, so that a stronger magnetic field can be provided for the coil; the two permanent magnets 10-1 on the same loading head have opposite polarities and are mutually attracted to form an E-shaped structure; the exciting coil 10-2 adopts a hollow rectangular framework, the wire adopts an enameled copper wire with the diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the winding turns are 150-300 turns; embedding an exciting coil 10-2 into a gap of an E-shaped structure formed by a permanent magnet 10-1 to form a loading head;
the pulse signal generator 2, the ultrasonic transmitting head 3, the ultrasonic receiving head 5 and the oscilloscope 6 form an ultrasonic detection mechanism, and the adjustable stabilized power supply 7, the energy storage capacitor 8, the silicon controlled rectifier 9 and the four loading heads 10 form an electromagnetic loading mechanism; the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism are both coordinated and controlled by the singlechip.
The invention is further characterized in that the wire of the exciting coil 10-2 is a copper enameled wire with the diameter of 1mm, and is wound for 200 turns in total. The excitation coil 10-2 adopts a rectangular framework to enable the coil edge of the force application to be perpendicular to the workpiece, so that the generated electromagnetic force is distributed more uniformly in the workpiece, and the loading effect is better than that obtained by using a circular coil. The 1mm diameter wire is a wire of relatively large diameter in order to withstand high currents under load without blowing. The coil turns ratio is large in order to ensure that the current density in the test piece at which eddy currents are induced is sufficiently large to generate a sufficiently large electromagnetic force.
The adjustable stabilized voltage supply 7 is connected with the energy storage capacitor 8 to charge the same. The singlechip 1 sends a trigger signal to the silicon controlled rectifier 9 to conduct a discharge loop (the discharge loop is composed of an energy storage capacitor 8, the silicon controlled rectifier 9 and an exciting coil 10-2), discharge current acts on a test piece 4 to be tested through the exciting coil 10-2 to induce eddy currents, and the induced eddy currents are subjected to Lorentz force under the action of a static magnetic field of the permanent magnet 10-1 to form a loading effect.
When the device is used, the to-be-detected piece is not required to be detached from the equipment, and the loading heads are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the to-be-detected piece to perform field detection. The test piece to be tested needs to be a conductive metal piece, and can conduct electricity to generate eddy currents in the conductive metal piece.
The ultrasonic transmitting head 3 and the ultrasonic receiving head 5 are all variable-angle piezoelectric heads, critical refraction longitudinal waves are generated by changing the head angle, and the longitudinal waves are the waveforms which are most sensitive to stress.
In the electromagnetic loading process, the change of the electromagnetic force is increased from 0 to the maximum value and then reduced to 0, when the acoustic elastic coefficient is detected, ultrasonic detection is required to be carried out while the electromagnetic force is at the maximum value, the coordination control of the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism is realized through the singlechip, the accurate time control can be carried out, and the ultrasonic detection mechanism is triggered to carry out the measurement of the ultrasonic speed at the moment that the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic loading mechanism reaches the maximum value.
The working process of the measuring system comprises the following steps: the electromagnetic loading mechanism discharges the energy storage capacitor to the exciting coil in a pulse mode, the metal plate induces eddy current under the action of the exciting coil, and the eddy current is acted by Lorentz force under the action of the static magnetic field of the permanent magnet, so that electromagnetic loading of the metal plate is realized. And the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism are coordinated and controlled by a singlechip, and ultrasonic speed measurement is performed when the electromagnetic force reaches the maximum value. And calculating and obtaining the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the test piece to be tested through the variation of the stress borne by the metal plate and the ultrasonic sound velocity.
The specific process is as follows: after the energy storage capacitor is charged, starting the singlechip, and triggering the silicon controlled rectifier to be conducted by the singlechip to enable the energy storage capacitor to be discharged, enabling a discharging loop to be conducted, enabling pulse current to flow in an exciting coil, enabling electromagnetic force in a test piece to be tested to change along with induction current, increasing the electromagnetic force from zero to a maximum value and then reducing the electromagnetic force to zero, wherein the test piece to be tested is subjected to electromagnetic loading; the singlechip starts counting down while sending out a first pulse signal, and the counting down length is the time when the calculated electromagnetic tension reaches the maximum value; when the countdown is finished, the electromagnetic pulling force in the test piece to be tested reaches the maximum value, the singlechip sends out a trigger signal to trigger the ultrasonic detection mechanism to work, ultrasonic waves are sent out, and the ultrasonic sound velocity is calculated according to the received ultrasonic signals; according to the magnitude of the electromagnetic force and the corresponding change of the ultrasonic sound velocity, the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the material can be calculated in real time.
The measuring system can measure the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the metal material in real time, and eliminate errors caused by environmental factors on the acoustic elasticity coefficient. By utilizing the portability of the electromagnetic loading mechanism, the on-site measurement of the acoustic elasticity coefficient is realized, and the defect that the measurement of the acoustic elasticity coefficient in the traditional method can only be carried out in a laboratory is overcome.
Example 1
The metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measuring system based on electromagnetic loading comprises a singlechip 1, a pulse signal generator 2, an ultrasonic transmitting head 3, an ultrasonic receiving head 5, an oscilloscope 6, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply 7, an energy storage capacitor 8, a silicon controlled rectifier 9 and four loading heads 10, wherein the output end of the pulse signal generator 2 is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting head 3, the ultrasonic transmitting head 3 transmits ultrasonic waves to a test piece to be measured, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving head 5 through the test piece to be measured 4, and the ultrasonic receiving head 5 is connected with the oscilloscope 6; the singlechip 1 is respectively connected with control ports of the pulse signal generator 2 and the silicon controlled rectifier 9; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply 7 is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor 8, a silicon controlled rectifier 9 and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head comprises two permanent magnets 10-1 and an exciting coil 10-2, and the exciting coils 10-2 are connected with the output end of the controllable silicon; the permanent magnets 10-1 are U-shaped, the excitation coil is entirely wrapped by the U-shape, and the two permanent magnets 10-1 on the same loading head have opposite polarities and are mutually attracted to form an E-shaped structure; the exciting coil 10-2 adopts a hollow rectangular framework, and the exciting coil 10-2 is embedded into a gap of an E-shaped structure formed by the permanent magnet 10-1 to form a loading head;
the pulse signal generator 2, the ultrasonic transmitting head 3, the ultrasonic receiving head 5 and the oscilloscope 6 form an ultrasonic detection mechanism, and the adjustable stabilized power supply 7, the energy storage capacitor 8, the silicon controlled rectifier 9 and the four loading heads 10 form an electromagnetic loading mechanism; the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism are both coordinated and controlled by the singlechip.
In this embodiment, the exciting coil is an enameled copper wire with a diameter of 1.0mm, the winding turns are 200 turns, and the permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron N52 ferromagnetic material. The voltage output range of the adjustable stabilized power supply is adjustable from 0V to 800V; the highest withstand voltage value of the energy storage capacitor is 1200V, and the capacity is 3500uf; the highest withstand voltage of the silicon controlled rectifier is 1400V, and the working current is 800A.
The test piece 4 to be tested in this embodiment is a pure aluminum test piece, and the pure aluminum test piece is subjected to ultrasonic velocity measurement when electromagnetic loading is not performed and electromagnetic loading is performed, and according to the relationship between the change of the sound velocity and the applied electromagnetic force, the acoustic elastic coefficient of the pure aluminum test piece under the actual use condition is calculated to be 1.0880 ×10 -5 . Theoretical data of the acoustic elasticity coefficient of a pure aluminum plate is known as 1.0840 ×10 -5 。
The measurement result of the embodiment is identical with the theoretical data, and the data accuracy and the practicability of the measurement system are verified.
Example 2
The embodiment is based on the online measurement system of the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the metal plate of electromagnetic loading, characterized by that the system includes the single-chip microcomputer, pulse signal generator, ultrasonic transmitting head, ultrasonic receiving head, oscilloscope, adjustable regulated power supply, energy storage capacitor, silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads, the output end of the said pulse signal generator is connected with ultrasonic transmitting head, the ultrasonic transmitting head sends the supersonic wave to the test piece to be measured, the supersonic wave propagates to the ultrasonic receiving head through the test piece to be measured, the ultrasonic receiving head connects the oscilloscope; the singlechip is respectively connected with the pulse signal generator and a control port of the silicon controlled rectifier; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head comprises an exciting coil and a permanent magnet, the exciting coil is connected with the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier, and the permanent magnet is fixed in the right half area of the upper part of the exciting coil. The permanent magnet in this embodiment is rectangular in shape (see fig. 5). The exciting coil is made of enameled copper wires with the diameter of 0.8mm, and the winding turns are 250.
Example 3
The structure of each part of the measuring system of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, except that the permanent magnet is U-shaped in this embodiment (see fig. 6). The exciting coil is made of enameled copper wires with the diameter of 1.2mm, and the winding turns are 180 turns.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (6)
1. The metal plate acoustic elasticity coefficient on-line measurement system based on electromagnetic loading is characterized by comprising a singlechip, a pulse signal generator, an ultrasonic transmitting head, an ultrasonic receiving head, an oscilloscope, an adjustable stabilized voltage supply, an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads, wherein the output end of the pulse signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting head, the ultrasonic transmitting head transmits ultrasonic waves to a test piece to be tested, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiving head through the test piece to be tested, and the ultrasonic receiving head is connected with the oscilloscope; the singlechip is respectively connected with the pulse signal generator and a control port of the silicon controlled rectifier; the output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply is sequentially connected with an energy storage capacitor, a silicon controlled rectifier and four loading heads; the four loading heads have the same structure, the two loading heads are in a group, and each group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate to be loaded in an up-down symmetrical structure; each loading head comprises an exciting coil and a permanent magnet, the exciting coil is connected with the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier, and the permanent magnet is fixed in the left half area and/or the right half area of the upper part of the exciting coil;
each loading head comprises two permanent magnets, the polarities of the two permanent magnets on the same loading head are opposite, the two permanent magnets are mutually attracted to form an E-shaped structure, and the exciting coil is embedded into a gap of the E-shaped structure formed by the permanent magnets;
the permanent magnet is U-shaped, and the excitation coil is entirely wrapped by the U-shaped permanent magnet;
the discharge current acts on the test piece 4 to be tested through the exciting coil 10-2 to induce eddy currents, and the induced eddy currents are acted by Lorentz force under the action of the static magnetic field of the permanent magnet 10-1 to form a loading effect;
the pulse signal generator 2, the ultrasonic transmitting head 3, the ultrasonic receiving head 5 and the oscilloscope 6 form an ultrasonic detection mechanism, and the adjustable stabilized power supply 7, the energy storage capacitor 8, the silicon controlled rectifier 9 and the four loading heads 10 form an electromagnetic loading mechanism; the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism are both controlled by the singlechip in a coordinated manner;
the working process of the measuring system is as follows: the electromagnetic loading mechanism discharges the energy storage capacitor to the exciting coil in a pulse manner, the metal plate induces eddy current under the action of the exciting coil, and the eddy current is acted by Lorentz force under the action of the static magnetic field of the permanent magnet, so that the electromagnetic loading of the metal plate is realized; the ultrasonic detection mechanism and the electromagnetic loading mechanism are coordinated and controlled by a singlechip, and ultrasonic speed measurement is carried out when the electromagnetic force reaches the maximum value; the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the test piece to be tested can be calculated and obtained through the stress borne by the metal plate and the variation of the ultrasonic sound velocity;
the specific process is as follows: after the energy storage capacitor is charged, starting the singlechip, and triggering the silicon controlled rectifier to be conducted by the singlechip to enable the energy storage capacitor to be discharged, enabling a discharging loop to be conducted, enabling pulse current to flow in an exciting coil, enabling electromagnetic force in a test piece to be tested to change along with induction current, increasing the electromagnetic force from zero to a maximum value and then reducing the electromagnetic force to zero, wherein the test piece to be tested is subjected to electromagnetic loading; the singlechip starts counting down while sending out a first pulse signal, and the counting down length is the time when the calculated electromagnetic tension reaches the maximum value; when the countdown is finished, the electromagnetic pulling force in the test piece to be tested reaches the maximum value, the singlechip sends out a trigger signal to trigger the ultrasonic detection mechanism to work, ultrasonic waves are sent out, and the ultrasonic sound velocity is calculated according to the received ultrasonic signals; according to the magnitude of the electromagnetic force and the corresponding change of the ultrasonic sound velocity, the acoustic elasticity coefficient of the material can be calculated in real time.
2. The online measurement system of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron N52 ferromagnetic material.
3. The on-line measuring system of claim 1, wherein the excitation coil is a hollow rectangular former.
4. The on-line measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the conductor of the exciting coil is an enameled copper conductor having a diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the number of winding turns is 150-300 turns.
5. The on-line measurement system of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting head and the ultrasonic receiving head each employ a variable angle piezoelectric head.
6. The online measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the voltage output range of the adjustable stabilized power supply is adjustable from 0 to 800V; the highest withstand voltage value of the energy storage capacitor is 1200V, and the capacity is 3500uf; the highest withstand voltage of the silicon controlled rectifier is 1400V, and the working current is 800A.
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| CN109946379B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | An electromagnetic ultrasonic testing method for unidirectional stress |
| CN114113344B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-11-07 | 大连理工大学 | An electromagnetic ultrasonic stress measurement system and its use method |
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| CN107179353A (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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