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CN107162006B - One kind plus salt drying means - Google Patents

One kind plus salt drying means Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107162006B
CN107162006B CN201710376441.5A CN201710376441A CN107162006B CN 107162006 B CN107162006 B CN 107162006B CN 201710376441 A CN201710376441 A CN 201710376441A CN 107162006 B CN107162006 B CN 107162006B
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salt
solvent
drying
filter residue
added
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CN107162006A (en
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李军
阿塞尔·贝迪亚科·伯纳德·巴福尔
刘群鸿
谢德春
苏玉忠
洪燕珍
王宏涛
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Xiamen University
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Xiamen University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/14Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
    • C01B33/157After-treatment of gels
    • C01B33/158Purification; Drying; Dehydrating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/14Pore volume
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/16Pore diameter
    • C01P2006/17Pore diameter distribution

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

一种加盐干燥方法,涉及加盐护孔干燥。将盐或盐溶液与固体多孔材料浆料和溶剂1混合,所述盐加热分解,混合液过滤,滤液回用,滤渣结晶过滤可;将得到的滤渣于结晶器中,进行变温或抗溶剂结晶,抗溶剂结晶加入溶剂2,溶剂2与溶剂1互溶或至少部分互溶,抗溶剂结晶时,结晶后,混合物进行过滤,滤液去分离器分离溶剂,滤渣干燥;将滤渣加热干燥,收集盐分解,进行分步控温干燥,得到的气相为盐分解的全部成分或主要成分,气相中非盐分解成分或非盐分解的主要成分进行溶剂分离、回用,干燥得到的固体即为目标多孔材料产品;将得到的盐分解成分或其主要成分在反应器中反应得到盐,在反应器中由溶剂1进行吸收并反应,将盐溶液浓缩、回用。A salt-added drying method relates to salt-added hole protection drying. Mix the salt or the salt solution with the solid porous material slurry and the solvent 1, the salt is heated and decomposed, the mixed solution is filtered, the filtrate is reused, and the filter residue is crystallized and filtered; , the antisolvent crystallizes into solvent 2, and solvent 2 and solvent 1 are miscible or at least partially miscible with each other. When the antisolvent crystallizes, after crystallization, the mixture is filtered, the filtrate goes to a separator to separate the solvent, and the filter residue is dried; the filter residue is heated and dried, and the salt is decomposed. Step-by-step temperature control drying is carried out, the obtained gas phase is all the components or main components of salt decomposition, the non-salt decomposition components or the main components of non-salt decomposition in the gas phase are separated and reused by solvent, and the solid obtained by drying is the target porous material product ; The obtained salt decomposition component or its main component is reacted in the reactor to obtain the salt, which is absorbed and reacted by the solvent 1 in the reactor, and the salt solution is concentrated and reused.

Description

One kind plus salt drying means
Technical field
The present invention relates to adding salt guard aperture dry, more particularly, to one kind plus salt drying means.
Background technique
Porous material is widely used in all trades and professions, and effect is just like adsorbent, catalyst, heat-barrier material, coating addition Agent etc..The characterisitic parameter of porous material has specific surface area, aperture, hole appearance etc..These characterisitic parameters directly affect its application.Than Such as it is used as adsorbent, it is desirable that specific surface area is high;Aperture is sometimes required that as catalyst, is sometimes required that mesoporous;As heat-barrier material It is required that its duct is flourishing, heap density is low;As Coating Matting agent, it is desirable that its Kong Ronggao.The above-mentioned characteristic of porous material obviously with Preparation process is related, such as industrial mainly using sodium metasilicate and sulfuric acid as raw material, and the precipitation method obtain the underdeveloped titanium dioxide in duct Silicon, and use sol-gal process using sodium metasilicate and sulfuric acid as raw material, the then silica of available duct prosperity.Another party Face, above-mentioned characteristic are again closely bound up with drying process.For example above-mentioned using sodium metasilicate and sulfuric acid is that raw material uses sol-gal process, knot The Kong Rong that conjunction spray drying prepares SiO 2 powder is usually no more than 2cm3/g.Therefore, although sol-gal process can obtain The hydrogel of macropore capacity materials, but due to the presence of surface tension in the drying process, spray drying easily causes duct to collapse It falls into, it is difficult to obtain macropore and hold product.Therefore, it to obtain macropore and hold product, in addition to reaction process, another core technology is guard aperture It is dry.
Guard aperture drying means common at present has supercritical drying, freeze-drying, atmosphere pressure desiccation, azeotropic distillation method Deng.Supercritical drying can completely eliminate surface tension, intact guard aperture, but this method equipment cost is higher, complex process, needs Hyperbaric environment limits its industrial scale applications;Surface tension can be eliminated by being freeze-dried, however the same higher cost of this method, Mass disposal is difficult;Constant pressure and dry must be modified to support duct using surface modifier, and the operation cycle is long, process It is cumbersome;Azeotropic distillation drying is that water is taken out of using the form of the water azeotropic in organic solvent and gel, realizes drying, such as patent In CN101585540, using n-butanol and water binary azeotropic, under certain vacuum degree (vacuum degree 0.03MPa), highest hole is obtained Holding is 2.5cm3The large aperture capacity silicon oxide of/g.
Also had been reported that in document and prepare porous material with inorganic salts auxiliary, such as Kim use NaCl when reaction as Template carries out duct adjusting (KIM S H, LIU B Y H, ZACHARIAH M R.Ultrahigh Surface Area Nanoporous Silica Particles via an Aero-Sol-Gel Process.Langmuir,2004,20(7): 2523-6), nearest Nistico etc. uses ZnCl2and CaCl2, to prepare aeroge (NISTICO R, MAGNACCA G.The hypersaline synthesis of titania:from powders to aerogels.RSC Advances,2015,5 (19): 14333-40), the aerosil of available high-specific surface area.Nearest Li et al. NaHCO3As template system Standby porous TiO2(LI H,LI S,ZHANG Y,et al.Inorganic salt templated porous TiO2photoelectrode for solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(1):346-52).However salt used in the above method contributes to template or influence when reaction The preparation of porous material is realized in duct, rather than drying is used for as the application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind of solid porous material to add salt drying means.
The present invention the following steps are included:
1) salt or salting liquid are mixed with solid porous material slurry and solvent 1, the salt heat resolve, mixed liquor mistake Filter, filtrate recycle, filter residue crystallization filtering can;
2) by filter residue obtained in step 1) in crystallizer, alternating temperature or antisolvent crystallization are carried out, antisolvent crystallization is added Solvent 2, solvent 2 dissolve each other with solvent 1 or at least partly dissolve each other, and when antisolvent crystallization, after crystallization, mixture is filtered, filtrate Separator is gone to separate solvent, filter residue and drying;
3) it by the filter residue heat drying in step 2, collects salt and decomposes, carry out substep temperature-controlled drying, obtained gas phase is salt The whole components or main component of decomposition, in gas phase the non-salt main component for decomposing ingredient or non-salt decomposition carry out solvent separation, Reuse, the solid being dried to obtain are target porous material product;
4) salt that step 3) obtains is decomposed into ingredient or its main component reacts obtain salt in the reactor, in the reactor It is absorbed and is reacted by solvent 1, by salting liquid concentration, reuse.
In step 1), the solvent 1 can be selected from one of water, alcohols, ketone, ethers etc., and the salting liquid can be adopted With saturated salt solution, one of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride etc. can be obtained after the salt heat resolve;The filter residue knot The equipment such as plate filter can be used in crystalline substance filtering;Magnetic stirring apparatus, emulsifier, mechanical agitator, gas can be used in the mixing One of blender, drum agitation device etc..
In step 2), the filtering, which can be used, to be operated batch-wise or continuously, and plate filter etc. can be selected in filter Equipment;The solvent 2 can be selected from one of alcohols, ethers, ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons etc..
In step 3), the operation such as decompression or normal pressure is can be used in the drying, and spray drying or rolling can be used in the drying Cylinder drying etc.;The difference of solvent boiling point and salt decomposition temperature can be used in the substep temperature-controlled drying that carries out, and it is dry to carry out substep temperature control It is dry.
The present invention has following features:
1) drying means is to have formed duct in porous material (it is the application patent that reaction, which prepares original porous material not, Scope) on the basis of solvent in dry removal porous material.
2) it crystallizes salt in the porous material, replace moisture content.
3) normal pressure or the original solvent being dried under reduced pressure in removal porous material, and salt is decomposed, to obtain dry Porous material.
4) reaction can be easy after salt decomposes again and generates original salt.
5) salt used in drying process, solvent are cheap, and design the recycling of salt and solvent, and technique is easily realized, operation Condition is milder;The porous material performance prepared is excellent.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Operating procedure is as follows:
1) 28.7% ammonium carbonate solution of 20mL, 500rmp is added in 20g silica hydrogel slurry in a mixer Lower stir about 30min.Filter the mixture, filtrate recycle.
2) isopropanol about 20mL is added in above-mentioned filter residue, stir about 30min is crystallized under 500rmp.It is mixed to filter the crystallization Object is closed, filtrate removes rectifying separation water and isopropanol.
3) the first 55 DEG C of heating about 1h of above-mentioned filter residue, with (NH4)2CO3Aqueous solution collects gas phase 1;Then 120 DEG C of heating about 2h, Gas phase 2, which is passed through in isopropanol, collects.What filter residue was finally dried to obtain is solid product porous silica material.
4) gas phase 1 of above-mentioned collection, in (NH4)2CO3Reaction production (NH in aqueous solution4)2CO3
The performance data such as table 1 of dry obtained product.
Embodiment 2
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that 28.7% ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of 20mL is added;When dry 80 DEG C of heating about 1h, then about 120 DEG C of heating 2h are appointed, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and isopropanol water solution are obtained.Obtained by drying Product performance data such as table 1.
Embodiment 3
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that 28.7% ammonium acetate aqueous solution of 20mL is added;It is first when dry About 100 DEG C of heating about 1h, then about 150 DEG C of heating 2h, obtain ammonium acetate aqueous solution and isopropanol water solution.Dry obtained production The performance data of product such as table 1.
Embodiment 4
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that 28.7% aqueous ammonium chloride solution of 20mL is added;It is first when dry About 100 DEG C of heating about 1h, then 350 DEG C of heating 2h, obtain aqueous ammonium chloride solution and isopropanol water solution.Dry obtained product Performance data such as table 1.
Embodiment 5
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that 9.1% ammonium carbonate solution of 20mL is added.Obtained by drying Product performance data such as table 1.
Embodiment 6
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that the solvent of heating is ethyl alcohol rather than isopropanol;It is appointed when dry 80 DEG C of heating 1h.The performance data such as table 1 of dry obtained product.
Embodiment 7
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that collecting decomposition product based on ammonia, outside in the stage of reaction Add carbon dioxide, the salt of recycling is back to drying again.The performance data such as table 1 of dry obtained product.
Embodiment 8
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1.Except that addition about 9% dimethyl cyclohexyl amine of 20mL and carbon dioxide exist The salt produced in aqueous solution.100 DEG C of heating about 1h, then about 190 DEG C of heating 2h, the spy of dry obtained product are appointed when dry Property data such as table 1.
The product and constant pressure and dry product index that 1 embodiment of table obtains compare
The product index that 8 embodiments obtain such as table 1.It is compared by table 1 it is found that 8 embodiments can obtain large hole Appearance, larger aperture, high specific surface area product, illustrate that implemented method has preferable protective effect to duct.

Claims (8)

1.一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. a salt-added drying method is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 1)将盐或盐溶液与固体多孔材料浆料和溶剂1混合,混合液过滤,滤液回用,滤渣结晶过滤;所述溶剂1选自水、醇类、酮类、醚类中的一种;1) salt or salt solution is mixed with solid porous material slurry and solvent 1, the mixed solution is filtered, the filtrate is reused, and the filter residue is crystallized and filtered; the solvent 1 is selected from the one in water, alcohols, ketones, ethers ; 2)将步骤1)中得到的滤渣于结晶器中,进行变温或抗溶剂结晶,抗溶剂结晶加入溶剂2,溶剂2与溶剂1互溶或至少部分互溶,抗溶剂结晶时,结晶后,混合物进行过滤,滤液去分离器分离溶剂,滤渣干燥;所述溶剂2选自醇类、醚类、酮类、芳烃类中的一种;2) The filter residue obtained in step 1) is placed in a crystallizer, and temperature-changing or anti-solvent crystallization is carried out, and solvent 2 is added to the anti-solvent crystallization, and solvent 2 and solvent 1 are mutually miscible or at least partially miscible. Filtration, the filtrate is removed from the separator to separate the solvent, and the filter residue is dried; the solvent 2 is selected from the one in alcohols, ethers, ketones, and aromatic hydrocarbons; 3)将步骤2) 中的滤渣加热干燥,收集盐分解,进行分步控温干燥,得到的气相为盐分解的全部成分或主要成分,气相中非盐分解成分或非盐分解的主要成分进行溶剂分离、回用,干燥得到的固体即为目标多孔材料产品;3) the filter residue in step 2) is heated and dried, the salt is decomposed, and the temperature-controlled drying is carried out step by step, and the obtained gas phase is the whole composition or the main composition of the salt decomposition, and the non-salt decomposed composition or the main composition of the non-salt decomposed in the gas phase is carried out. The solvent is separated and reused, and the solid obtained by drying is the target porous material product; 4)将步骤3)得到的盐分解成分或其主要成分在反应器中反应得到盐,在反应器中由溶剂1进行吸收并反应,将盐溶液浓缩、回用。4) The salt decomposition component or its main component obtained in step 3) is reacted in the reactor to obtain the salt, which is absorbed and reacted by the solvent 1 in the reactor, and the salt solution is concentrated and reused. 2.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述盐溶液采用饱和盐溶液。2. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), described salt solution adopts saturated salt solution. 3.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述盐类为碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氯化铵中的一种。3. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), described salt is a kind of in ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride. 4.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述滤渣结晶过滤采用板框过滤器。4. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), described filter residue crystallization filtration adopts plate and frame filter. 5.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述混合采用磁力搅拌器、乳化器、机械搅拌器、气体搅拌器、滚筒搅拌器中的一种。5. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), described mixing adopts a kind of in magnetic stirrer, emulsifier, mechanical stirrer, gas stirrer, drum stirrer . 6.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤2)中,所述过滤采用间歇操作或连续操作。6. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2), described filtration adopts batch operation or continuous operation. 7.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤2)中,过滤器选用板框过滤器。7. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2), filter selects plate and frame filter. 8.如权利要求1所述一种加盐干燥方法,其特征在于在步骤3)中,所述滤渣加热干燥在减压或常压下采用喷雾干燥或滚筒干燥;所述进行分步控温干燥采用溶剂沸点和盐分解温度的不同,进行分步控温干燥。8. a kind of salt-added drying method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 3) in, described filter residue heating drying adopts spray drying or drum drying under reduced pressure or normal pressure; Described carry out step-by-step temperature control The drying adopts the difference of the boiling point of the solvent and the decomposition temperature of the salt to carry out step-by-step temperature-controlled drying.
CN201710376441.5A 2017-05-25 2017-05-25 One kind plus salt drying means Active CN107162006B (en)

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US4595578A (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-06-17 Scm Corporation Stabilized silica gel and process for making same
US4981831A (en) * 1988-07-25 1991-01-01 Phillips Petroleum Company Twice-aged porous inorganic oxides, catalysts, and polymerization processes
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