CN106939766A - A kind of hot cold shock three-level breaks device for coal and implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-stage thermal and cold impact coal breaking device, which includes a bearing base, a walking mechanism, a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, an air vortex tube, a water storage tank, a heat exchanger, a hot air blower, a jet pump, a jet fan, a liquid nitrogen booster Pressure pump, air heating pipe, water cooling pipe, liquid nitrogen cooling pipe and jet drill bit, the lower surface of the bearing base is connected with the traveling mechanism, liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, air vortex pipe, water storage tank, heat exchanger, hot air blower, jet pump, Both the jet fan and the liquid nitrogen booster pump are installed on the upper surface of the bearing base through slide rails and are slidably connected with the upper surface of the bearing base; the implementation methods include prefabricated drilling, prefabrication of coal breaking unit, impact coal breaking operation and drilling sealing. step. On the one hand, the invention improves the working efficiency of the borehole drilling operation and the anti-reflection quality of the borehole, reduces the cost of gas drainage, and improves the safety and reliability of the gas drainage operation on the other hand.

Description

A thermal and cold impact three-stage coal breaking device and its implementation method

technical field

The invention relates to a heat-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device and an implementation method, belonging to the technical field of gas drainage.

Background technique

In China's mine gas drainage operations, the traditional mechanical drilling equipment is firstly used to drill holes on the coal seam wall, and then the boreholes are used to increase the number of cracks on the inner wall of the drilled holes through the fracturing anti-reflection device. Increase the air permeability of the borehole, and then seal the borehole and carry out gas drainage operations. Although this operation method can meet the needs of gas drainage operations, it is found in actual work that due to the The holes are often long, so the traditional mechanical drilling equipment is very prone to drill bit and drill pipe sticking in the hole during operation, and the coaxiality of the drill pipe is affected, resulting in the breakage of the drill pipe. The uneven distribution of stress on the inner wall of the hole leads to the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole, which leads to low working efficiency and high equipment failure rate in gas drainage drilling operations. At the same time, traditional mechanical drilling equipment is prone to generate a large amount of Pollutants such as dust, debris, and waste water lead to a harsh environment on the job site, and also greatly increase the risk of gas and coal seam outbursts. The fracturing anti-reflection device performs fracturing and anti-reflection treatment on the borehole, which further increases the difficulty of the drilling fracturing operation and reduces the work efficiency of the drilling fracturing operation. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a A brand-new gas drainage drilling equipment and method of use are provided to meet the needs of actual use.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hot-cold shock three-stage coal breaking device, its implementation method and its use method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A hot-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device, including a bearing base, a traveling mechanism, a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, an air vortex tube, a water storage tank, a heat exchanger, a hot air blower, a jet pump, a jet fan, a liquid nitrogen booster pump, Air heating pipes, water cooling pipes, liquid nitrogen cooling pipes and jet drill bits, the lower surface of the bearing base is connected to the running gear, and the running gear is distributed around the axis of the bearing base, liquid nitrogen storage cylinders, air vortex tubes, water storage tanks, heat exchangers, The hot air blower, jet pump, jet fan, and liquid nitrogen booster pump are installed on the upper surface of the bearing base through slide rails and are slidably connected with the upper surface of the bearing base. The high-temperature air outlet of the tube is connected with the jet fan through the hot air blower, and the low-temperature air outlet of the air vortex tube is connected with the water storage tank through a heat exchanger. At least one heat exchanger is embedded in the inner surface of the water storage tank and is evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank. , the water storage tank has a closed cavity structure, and the water storage tank is provided with at least one pressure relief port, at least one water outlet and one water injection port, wherein the water outlet communicates with the jet pump through a diversion tube, and at least one liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, And communicate with the liquid nitrogen booster pump, the jet pump communicates with the water cooling pipe through the insulation hose, the jet fan communicates with the air heating pipe through the insulation hose, and the liquid nitrogen booster pump communicates with the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe through the insulation hose There are several air heating pipes, water cooling pipes and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes, and each air heating pipe, water cooling pipe and liquid nitrogen cooling pipe form a coal breaking group, and the air heating pipes, water cooling pipes in the coal breaking group The pipe and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe are connected by at least two clamps. The jet drill is installed on the front end of the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipes are connected to each other and distributed coaxially. The air heating pipe and the water cooling pipe are symmetrical to the axis of the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe. Distributed on both sides of the liquid nitrogen cooling tube

Further, the slide rail is hinged to the upper surface of the bearing base through a turntable mechanism.

Further, the jet pump, the jet fan, and the liquid nitrogen booster pump are respectively connected to each air heating pipe, water cooling pipe, and liquid nitrogen cooling pipe through the shunt pipe.

Further, the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder is communicated with the heat exchanger and the water storage tank respectively through diversion branch pipes, and the connecting position of the diversion branch pipe and the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, heat exchanger and water storage tank is provided with Control valve.

Further, at least one jet nozzle is provided at the front end of the air heating tube and the water cooling tube, and the axis of the jet nozzle and the axial direction of the air heating tube and the water cooling tube form an included angle of 0°-90°, wherein the water cooling The pipe communicates with the jet drill bit through at least one diversion branch pipe, and at least one check valve is provided on the diversion branch pipe between the water-cooled pipe and the jet drill bit.

Further, the air heating pipes, water cooling pipes and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes in the coal breaking group are distributed in the same plane, or the air heating pipes, water cooling pipes and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes are distributed in a triangular structure, and adjacent The axes of the two pipe bodies are distributed parallel to each other. Further, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration devices are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the water storage tank, and each semiconductor refrigeration device is evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank.

A coal-breaking impact implementation method of a hot-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device, which includes the following steps:

The first step is to prefabricate drilling. First, according to the needs of design and mining operations, open a number of short-range drill holes on the coal seam. The axis of the drill holes is vertically distributed to the outer surface of the coal seam. The distance between two adjacent drill holes is 2-8. meters, and each borehole is distributed in an array structure, and the depth of the drilled hole 23 is 1/15-1/10 of the designed depth of the borehole;

The second step is the prefabrication of the impact coal breaking unit. After the first step is completed, each coal breaking unit is connected to the jet pump, jet fan, and liquid nitrogen booster pump, and then the coal breaking unit is deep into the drill hole , the front end of the coal-breaking group is positioned by the elastic sealing plug and the borehole is sealed, so that the coal-breaking group and the borehole are coaxially distributed, and the inside of the borehole forms a closed space structure;

The third step is the impact coal breaking operation. After the second step is completed, the air vortex tube, hot air blower, and jet fan are first started to run. The final air is processed through the air vortex tube, and at the same time, two parts of high-temperature gas at 90°C-110°C and low-temperature gas at 0°C-40°C are obtained, and then the high-temperature gas is heated to 400°C-600°C by a hot air blower again , and then pressurized by the jet fan to 30MPa-50MPa and sprayed into the borehole, the first high-temperature and high-pressure gas jet is used to break the coal. The temperature on the inner wall of the borehole reaches 350°C-450°C, and the pressure inside the borehole is 25MPa -35MPa, heat preservation and pressure for 3-10 minutes, then discharge the high-temperature air in the borehole, and when the pressure in the borehole is 0.5-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure, the water storage tank will be cooled by the jet pump, and the temperature will reach Cooling water at -10°C-10°C is sprayed onto the inner wall of the borehole, the injection pressure of the cooling water is 10-30MPa, the injection time is 1-10 minutes, and the injection flow rate is 8-20L/min. The body carries out the second jet-flow coal breaking, and then discharges the cooling water in the borehole, adjusts the pressure of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder to 10MPa-20 MPa through the liquid nitrogen booster pump, and then sprays it through the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe To the inner wall of the borehole, and continue to spray for 3-8 minutes, use the frost heaving effect of water to break the coal for the third time, and then discharge the nitrogen in the borehole, the pressure in the borehole is 0.5-1.5 The impact coal breaking operation can be completed once under the standard atmospheric pressure. After the impact coal breaking operation is completed, if the drilling depth does not meet the set requirements, the impact coal breaking operation will be repeated until the drilling reaches the design depth requirement;

The fourth step is to seal the borehole. After the third step is completed, the coal is taken out from the borehole through the coal breaking group located in the borehole 23, and then the borehole 23 is sealed by the borehole sealing equipment for subsequent gas drainage Just work.

Further, in the first step, when drilling holes, each hole is arranged in a rectangular array or a circular array structure.

Further, in the third step, when the water storage tank is cooling the cooling water, on the one hand, the low-temperature gas from 0°C to -40°C generated by the air vortex tube passes through the heat exchanger to cool the cooling water in the water storage tank. On the other hand, the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder cools the cooling water indirectly through the heat exchanger, and directly passes into the water storage tank to directly pressurize and cool the cooling water.

The device structure and implementation method of the present invention are simple and flexible, and the operation cost is low. On the one hand, it effectively overcomes the failure of drilling equipment and the risk of borehole collapse that is easily caused by traditional mechanical drilling equipment, and completes the expansion of borehole fracturing during the drilling operation. On the other hand, it also overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fracturing anti-permeability equipment, such as weak anti-permeability and easy gas outburst in the later stage of anti-permeability operation, and comprehensively utilizes the advantages of jet coal breaking and mechanical coal breaking to avoid single mechanical The stress instability of coal and rock caused by coal breaking will cause gas and coal outburst hazards. At the same time, the generation and diffusion of coal dust can be effectively inhibited and the working environment can be improved. In addition, the new method of liquid nitrogen high-pressure rotary jetting is used to fully freeze the coal body, which effectively makes up for the shortcomings of single liquid nitrogen injection into the frozen coal body that is not deep enough and the gasification process is too fast. The above-mentioned invention features great The work efficiency and reliability of gas drainage drilling and processing operations are improved, and the drilling cost and gas outburst risk are reduced.

Description of drawings

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment;

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the internal structure diagram of the borehole of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method of use of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a heat-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device includes a bearing base 1, a traveling mechanism 2, a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder 3, an air vortex tube 4, a water storage tank 5, a heat exchanger 6, and a heat exchanger. Fan 7, jet pump 8, jet fan 9, liquid nitrogen booster pump 10, air heating pipe 11, water cooling pipe 12, liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 and jet drill bit 14, the lower surface of the bearing base 1 is connected with the traveling mechanism 2, and travels The mechanism 2 is distributed around the axis of the bearing base 1, and the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder 3, the air vortex tube 4, the water storage tank 5, the heat exchanger 6, the hot air blower 7, the jet pump 8, the jet fan 9, and the liquid nitrogen booster pump 10 all pass through The slide rail 15 is installed on the upper surface of the bearing base 1 and is slidably connected with the upper surface of the bearing base 1, wherein the air intake end of the air vortex tube 4 communicates with the outside air through the hot air blower 7, and the high temperature air outlet of the air vortex tube 4 communicates with the jet through the hot air blower 7. The blower 9 communicates, and the low-temperature air outlet of the air vortex tube 4 communicates with the water storage tank 5 through the heat exchanger 6. At least one heat exchanger 6 is embedded in the inner surface of the water storage tank 5 and is evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank 5. The water tank 5 is a closed cavity structure, and the water storage tank 5 is provided with at least one pressure relief port 51, at least one water outlet 52 and a water injection port 53, wherein the water outlet 52 communicates with the jet pump 7 through a guide tube 54, and the liquid At least one nitrogen storage cylinder 3 is connected to the liquid nitrogen booster pump 10. The jet pump 8 is connected to the water-cooled pipe 12 through the insulation hose 16. The jet fan 9 is connected to the air heating pipe 11 through the insulation hose 16. The liquid nitrogen The nitrogen booster pump 10 communicates with the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 through the insulating hose 16. There are several air heating pipes 11, water cooling pipes 12 and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes 13, and each air heating pipe 11, a water cooling pipe 12 and A liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 constitutes a coal breaking group, and the air heating pipe 11, the water cooling pipe 12 and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 in the coal breaking group are connected by at least two clamps 17, and the jet drill bit 14 is installed on the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe. The front end surface of the tube 13 and the liquid nitrogen cooling tube 13 communicate with each other and are coaxially distributed, and the air heating tube 11 and the water cooling tube 12 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the liquid nitrogen cooling tube 13 with respect to the axis of the liquid nitrogen cooling tube 13 .

In this embodiment, the slide rail 15 is hinged to the upper surface of the bearing base 1 through a turntable mechanism 18 .

In this embodiment, the jet pump 8 , the jet fan 9 , and the liquid nitrogen booster pump 10 communicate with the air heating tubes 11 , the water cooling tubes 12 and the liquid nitrogen cooling tubes 13 through the shunt tubes 19 .

In this embodiment, the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder 3 communicates with the heat exchanger 6 and the water storage tank 5 through the diversion branch pipe 20, and the diversion branch pipe 20 is connected with the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder 3 and the heat exchanger. 6 is provided with a control valve 21 at the connection position of the water storage tank 5 .

In this embodiment, at least one jet nozzle 26 is provided at the front end of the air heating pipe 11 and the water cooling pipe 12, and the axis of the jet nozzle 26 is 0°-90° to the axial direction of the air heating pipe 11 and the water cooling pipe 12. The included angle, wherein the water-cooled pipe 12 communicates with the jet drill bit 14 through at least one diversion branch pipe 20, and at least one check valve 25 is provided on the diversion branch pipe 20 between the water-cooled pipe 12 and the jet drill bit 14.

In this embodiment, the air heating pipe 11, the water cooling pipe 12 and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 in the coal breaking group are distributed in the same plane, or the air heating pipe 11, the water cooling pipe 12 and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 It is distributed in a triangular structure, and the axes of two adjacent tubes are parallel to each other.

In this embodiment, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration devices 22 are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the water storage tank 5 , and each semiconductor refrigeration device 22 is evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank 5 .

As shown in Figure 3, a coal-breaking impact implementation method of a hot-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device includes the following steps:

The first step, prefabricated drilling, at first, according to the needs of the design and mining operations, several drilling holes 23 are used on the coal seam. The spacing is 2-8 meters, and the drill holes 23 are distributed in an array structure, and the depth of the drill holes 23 is 1/15-1/10 of the design depth of the drill holes;

The second step is the prefabrication of the coal-breaking group. After the first step is completed, each coal-breaking group is connected to the jet pump 8, the jet fan 9, and the liquid nitrogen booster pump 10, and then the coal-breaking group is deep into the drill In the hole 23, the front end of the coal breaking unit is positioned by the elastic sealing plug 27 and the borehole 23 is sealed, so that the coal breaking unit and the borehole 23 are coaxially distributed, and the inside of the borehole 23 forms a closed space structure;

The third step is to impact the coal breaking operation. After completing the second step operation, first start the air vortex tube 4, hot air blower 7, and jet blower 9 to run. At first, the surrounding air is preheated and dried and pressurized by the hot air blower 7. After preheating and drying, the air is processed through the air vortex tube 4, and at the same time, two parts of the air flow of 90°C-110°C high-temperature gas and 0°C--40°C low-temperature gas are obtained, and then the high-temperature gas is heated by the hot air blower 7 again to 400°C-600°C, then pressurized by the jet fan 9 to 30MPa-500MPa and sprayed into the borehole 23, and when the temperature of the inner wall of the borehole 23 reaches 350°C-450°C, the air pressure in the borehole 23 is 25MPa-35MPa , heat preservation and pressure for 3-10 minutes, then the high-temperature air in the borehole 23 is discharged, and when the pressure in the borehole 23 is 0.5-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure, the water storage tank 5 is cooled by the jet pump 8, and the temperature Part of the cooling water reaching -10°C to 10°C is directly sprayed onto the inner wall of the borehole 23, and the other part is driven by the diversion branch pipe to the jet drill bit 14, and the jet drill bit is driven to perform drilling and crushing operations on the inner wall of the borehole 23, in which the cooling water The injection pressure is 10-30MPa, the injection time is 1-10 minutes, the injection flow rate is 8-20L/min, and then the cooling water in the borehole 23 is discharged, and the liquid nitrogen is stored in the steel cylinder 3 through the liquid nitrogen booster pump 10 After the liquid nitrogen pressure is adjusted to 10 MPa-20 MPa, the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe 13 is first sprayed to the jet drill 14, and the jet drill is driven to perform drilling and crushing operations on the inner wall of the borehole 23, and then the jet drill 14 is driven to run. The liquid nitrogen in the borehole 23 is sprayed on the inner wall of the borehole 23 for 3-8 minutes, and then the nitrogen in the borehole 23 is discharged, and the impact breaking can be completed when the pressure in the borehole 23 is 0.5-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure. For coal operations, if the drilling depth does not meet the set requirements after the impact coal breaking operation is completed, the impact coal breaking operation will be repeated again until the drilling reaches the design depth requirement;

The fourth step is to seal the borehole. After the third step is completed, the coal is taken out from the borehole through the coal breaking group located in the borehole 23, and then the borehole 23 is sealed by the borehole sealing equipment for subsequent gas drainage Just work.

In this embodiment, in the first step, when the drilling 23 is opened, the drilling 23 is arranged in a rectangular array or a circular array structure.

In the present embodiment, in the third step, when the water storage tank 5 cools the cooling water, on the one hand, the low-temperature gas of 0°C—-40°C generated by the air vortex tube 4 passes through the heat exchanger 6 to cool the water. The cooling water in the tank 5 is cooled, and on the other hand, the liquid nitrogen in the steel cylinder 3 is stored by the liquid nitrogen respectively through the heat exchanger 6 to indirectly cool the cooling water, and directly pass into the water storage tank 5, and the cooling water is directly cooled. Supercharging and cooling.

The device structure and implementation method of the present invention are simple and flexible, and the operation cost is low. On the one hand, it effectively overcomes the failure of drilling equipment and the risk of borehole collapse that is easily caused by traditional mechanical drilling equipment, and completes the expansion of borehole fracturing during the drilling operation. On the other hand, it also overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fracturing anti-permeability equipment, such as weak anti-permeability and easy gas outburst in the later stage of anti-permeability operation, and comprehensively utilizes the advantages of jet coal breaking and mechanical coal breaking to avoid single mechanical The stress instability of coal and rock caused by coal breaking will cause gas and coal outburst hazards. At the same time, the generation and diffusion of coal dust can be effectively inhibited and the working environment can be improved. In addition, the new liquid nitrogen high-pressure rotary injection method is used to fully freeze the coal body, which effectively makes up for the shortcomings of the single injection of liquid nitrogen into the frozen coal body, which is not deep enough and the gasification process is too fast. The characteristics of the invention stated above greatly improve the working efficiency and reliability of gas drainage drilling and processing operations, and reduce drilling costs and gas outburst risks.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A hot-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device, characterized in that: the hot-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device includes a bearing base, a traveling mechanism, a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, an air vortex tube, a water storage tank, a heat exchange device, hot air blower, jet pump, jet fan, liquid nitrogen booster pump, air heating pipe, water cooling pipe, liquid nitrogen cooling pipe and jet drill bit, the lower surface of the bearing base is connected with the running mechanism, and the running mechanism Distributed around the axis of the bearing base, the liquid nitrogen storage cylinders, air vortex tubes, water storage tanks, heat exchangers, hot air fans, jet pumps, jet fans, and liquid nitrogen booster pumps are all installed on the upper surface of the bearing base through slide rails And it is slidingly connected with the upper surface of the bearing base, wherein the air inlet of the air vortex tube communicates with the outside air through the hot air blower, the high temperature air outlet of the air vortex tube communicates with the jet fan through the hot air blower, and the low temperature air outlet of the air vortex tube The heat exchanger communicates with the water storage tank. At least one of the heat exchangers is embedded in the inner surface of the water storage tank and is evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank. The water storage tank is a closed cavity structure, and the water storage tank The tank is provided with at least one pressure relief port, at least one water outlet and a water injection port, wherein the water outlet communicates with the jet pump through a diversion tube, and there is at least one liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, which is pressurized with liquid nitrogen The pumps communicate with each other, the jet pump communicates with the water cooling pipe through the insulation hose, the jet fan communicates with the air heating pipe through the insulation hose, and the liquid nitrogen booster pump communicates with the liquid nitrogen through the insulation hose. The cooling pipes are connected to each other, and there are several air heating pipes, water cooling pipes and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes, and each air heating pipe, water cooling pipe and liquid nitrogen cooling pipe form a coal breaking group, and the coal breaking group The air heating pipe, the water cooling pipe and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe are connected by at least two clamps. The jet drill bit is installed on the front end of the liquid nitrogen cooling pipe and the liquid nitrogen cooling pipes are connected to each other and distributed coaxially. The air The heating tube and the water cooling tube are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the liquid nitrogen cooling tube axis. 2. A thermal and cold impact three-stage coal breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said slide rail is hinged to the upper surface of the bearing base through a turntable mechanism. 3. A heat-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said jet pump, jet fan, and liquid nitrogen booster pump are respectively connected to each air heating pipe and water cooling pipe through a shunt pipe. and the liquid nitrogen cooling tube are connected with each other. 4. A thermal-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said liquid nitrogen storage cylinder is in communication with a heat exchanger and a water storage tank through diversion branch pipes, and said A control valve is set at the connection position between the diversion branch pipe and the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, heat exchanger and water storage tank. 5. A thermal-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front ends of the air heating pipe and the water-cooling pipe are equipped with at least one jet nozzle, and the axis of the jet nozzle is in line with the air The axial direction of the heating pipe and the water-cooling pipe is at an included angle of 0°-90°, wherein the water-cooling pipe communicates with the jet drill bit through at least one diversion branch pipe, and at least a one-way valve. 6. A thermal-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air heating pipes, water-cooling pipes and liquid nitrogen cooling pipes in the coal-breaking group are distributed in the same plane, Or the air heating tubes, the water cooling tubes and the liquid nitrogen cooling tubes are distributed in a triangular structure, and the axes of two adjacent tubes are parallel to each other. 7. A heat-cold impact three-stage coal breaking device and implementation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: several semiconductor refrigeration devices are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the water storage tank, and the semiconductor refrigeration devices are evenly spaced. Evenly distributed around the axis of the water storage tank. 8. A coal-breaking impact implementation method of a thermal-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device, characterized in that: the thermal-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking impact implementation method of the coal-breaking impact implementation method includes the following steps: The first step is prefabricated drilling. First, according to the needs of design and mining operations, several drilling holes are drilled on the coal seam. The axes of the drill holes are vertically distributed to the outer surface of the coal seam. The distance between two adjacent drilling holes is 2- 8 meters, and the drill holes are distributed in an array structure, and the depth of the first drill hole 23 is 1/15-1/10 of the design depth of the drill hole; The second step is the prefabrication of the impact coal breaking unit. After the first step is completed, each coal breaking unit is connected to the jet pump, jet fan, and liquid nitrogen booster pump, and then the coal breaking unit is deep into the drill hole , the front end of the coal-breaking group is positioned by the elastic sealing plug and the borehole is sealed, so that the coal-breaking group and the borehole are coaxially distributed, and the inside of the borehole forms a closed space structure; The third step is the impact coal breaking operation. After the second step is completed, the air vortex tube, hot air blower, and jet fan are first started to run. The final air is processed through the air vortex tube, and at the same time, two parts of high-temperature gas at 90°C-110°C and low-temperature gas at 0°C-40°C are obtained, and then the high-temperature gas is heated to 400°C-600°C by a hot air blower again , and then pressurized by the jet fan to 30MPa-500MPa and sprayed into the borehole, and after the temperature of the inner wall of the borehole reaches 350°C-450°C, and the air pressure in the borehole is 25MPa-35MPa, heat preservation and pressure for 3-10 minutes, and then Discharge the high-temperature air in the borehole, and when the pressure in the borehole is 0.5-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure, the jet pump will cool the water storage tank and spray the cooling water with a temperature of -10°C-10°C into the borehole On the inner wall, the injection pressure of the cooling water is 10-30MPa, the injection time is 1-10 minutes, and the injection flow rate is 8-20L/min. After the liquid nitrogen in the storage cylinder is adjusted to 10MPa-20 MPa, it is sprayed on the inner wall of the borehole through the liquid nitrogen cooling tube, and the spray is continued for 3-8 minutes, and then the nitrogen gas in the borehole is discharged, and in the borehole When the pressure is 0.5-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure, one impact coal breaking operation can be completed. After completing one impact coal breaking operation, if the drilling depth does not meet the set requirements, the impact coal breaking operation will be repeated until the drilling reaches the designed depth. Require; The fourth step is to seal the borehole. After the third step is completed, the coal is taken out from the borehole through the coal breaking group located in the borehole 23, and then the borehole 23 is sealed by the borehole sealing equipment for subsequent gas drainage Just work. 9. The coal-breaking impact implementation method of a hot-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the first step, when drilling holes are opened, each hole is separated by a Arranged in rectangular array or circular array structure. 10. The coal-breaking impact implementation method of a hot-cold impact three-stage coal-breaking device according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the third step, when the water storage tank cools the cooling water, on the one hand The low-temperature gas from 0°C to -40°C generated by the air vortex tube passes through the heat exchanger to cool down the cooling water in the storage tank. Indirect cooling, and direct access to the water storage tank, the cooling water is directly pressurized and cooled.