CN106885120A - A kind of micro injection lubricating arrangement of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubricating device, which relates to the technical fields of space lubrication and piezoelectric micro-spray lubrication. The invention aims to solve the problem of mechanical failure of the bearings of the precision components of the existing spacecraft. The invention includes a lock nut, a micro-spray rear cover, an oil supply mandrel, a micro-spray front cover, and a piezoelectric vibrator. The middle part of the rear end of the oil supply mandrel is provided with an oil supply cavity along the axial direction, and the front end of the oil supply cavity is along the A plurality of oil supply passages are arranged symmetrically in the radial direction, and the oil supply passages are connected with the oil supply chamber. The electric vibrator, the outside of the front face of the micro-spray front cover is evenly distributed with multiple fuel injection ports along the circumferential direction, the fuel injection cavity is connected with the fuel injection ports, and the inside of the micro-spray front cover is evenly distributed with multiple fuel injection channels along the circumferential direction , one end of the fuel injection channel is connected with the fuel injection cavity, and the other end of the fuel injection channel is connected with the oil supply channel. The invention is used for micro jet lubrication driven by piezoelectricity.

Description

A film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubrication device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of space lubrication and piezoelectric micro-spray lubrication, in particular to a film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubrication device.

Background technique

The mechanical failure of the bearings in the precision parts inside the spacecraft is one of the important reasons for the operation failure of the entire spacecraft. Therefore, to ensure that the spacecraft can work stably for a long time, the problem of mechanical failure of the bearings inside the spacecraft must be solved first. The volatilization and deterioration of lubricating oil caused by the harsh working environment of spacecraft are the main reasons for the mechanical failure of bearings. Although solid lubricants are superior to liquid lubricants in stability, their use on precision parts is limited. Therefore, it is very important to improve the life of lubricating oil and design a stable oil supply device.

At present, relatively mature oil supply devices are mainly passive oil supply devices. Although passive oil supply devices have a simple structure, they have the disadvantages of unstable oil supply and difficult control. So far, the research on lubricating oil supply devices at home and abroad is mainly focused on active oil supply lubrication devices.

Piezoelectric materials have the advantages of fast response speed, high energy utilization rate, high energy density, and strong stability, and have been widely used in the field of piezoelectric drives. The piezoelectric micro-jet lubrication technology uses the inverse piezoelectric effect to load a periodic alternating electric field on the two poles of the piezoelectric material, and at the same time indirectly fix a certain boundary of the piezoelectric material, so that the piezoelectric material produces periodic reciprocation. deformation vibration. The vibration generated by the piezoelectric material can generate pressure waves at the solid-liquid interface and transmit them to the liquid. The pressure wave can generate a certain driving force in the liquid to drive the flow direction of the liquid, and the pressure wave is transmitted to the nozzle to drive the liquid to be ejected from the nozzle. Therefore, the piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubrication device controls the spraying of the sprayed liquid by controlling the vibration of the piezoelectric material, so it is highly controllable in terms of the number of sprayed droplets and the speed of the sprayed droplets. With the advantages of high response speed, high energy utilization rate and small size, it is an active oil supply lubrication device with great research value. However, the oil supply effect of the existing active oil supply lubricating device is not very satisfactory.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem of mechanical failure of the bearings of the existing precision components of spacecraft, the present invention further proposes a film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubricating device.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubrication device includes a lock nut, a micro-spray rear cover, an oil supply mandrel, a micro-spray front cover, and a piezoelectric vibrator. The oil supply chamber, the front end of the oil supply chamber is symmetrically provided with a plurality of oil supply channels along the radial direction, the oil supply channels are connected with the oil supply chamber, the micro-spray rear cover and the micro-spray front cover are set on the outside of the oil supply mandrel, The micro-spray front cover is fixedly connected to the oil supply mandrel, the micro-spray back cover is set at the rear end of the micro-spray front cover, the rear end of the micro-spray back cover is provided with a lock nut, and the lock nut is screwed on the oil supply mandrel , a piezoelectric vibrator is arranged between the micro-spraying back cover and the micro-spraying front cover, the front end of the micro-spraying back cover is provided with an annular groove along the circumferential direction, and the rear end surface of the micro-spraying front cover is provided with an oil injection cavity along the circumferential direction, The annular groove and the fuel injection chamber are arranged opposite to each other. The piezoelectric vibrator includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, an elastic film and a copper sheet, and the elastic film, copper sheet and piezoelectric ceramic sheet are fixed in sequence from front to back. In the groove, a plurality of oil injection ports are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outside of the front face of the micro-spray front cover, and the oil injection cavity is connected with the oil injection ports, and a plurality of oil injection ports are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction inside the micro-spray front cover. One end of the fuel injection channel is connected with the fuel injection cavity, and the other end of the fuel injection channel is connected with the oil supply channel.

The beneficial effect that the present invention comprises compared with prior art is:

1. The difference between the present invention and the traditional piezoelectric micro-spray device is that the piezoelectric vibrator of the traditional piezoelectric micro-spray device fixes the boundaries of the inner ring and the outer ring of the circular piezoelectric vibrator, and makes the middle of the inner ring and the outer ring Partial free vibration. The present invention only fixes the boundary of the inner ring of the piezoelectric vibrator, and allows the outer ring part to vibrate freely. Under the same driving voltage, the overall amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator can be increased to enhance the spraying intensity of the sprayed droplets and improve the energy utilization rate. .

2. In the present invention, the oil supply port is placed on one side of the nozzle. Compared with the traditional piezoelectric micro-injection device, the oil supply port is placed on the bottom of the piezoelectric micro-injection device, which can reduce the distance from the piezoelectric vibrator to the nozzle, thereby reducing the The propagation distance of the pressure wave increases the pressure wave intensity of the nozzle, thereby increasing the injection intensity and improving the energy utilization rate.

3. During the vibration process of the piezoelectric vibrator of the present invention, the elastic film can produce certain concave deformation to reduce unnecessary liquid damping during the vibration process of the piezoelectric vibrator, and can effectively increase the vibration speed and strength of the piezoelectric vibrator.

4. The present invention uses an elastic film to isolate the contact between the liquid and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. Compared with the partial piezoelectric vibrator immersed piezoelectric micro-spray device, the present invention can adapt to both conductive and non-conductive lubricating oils, which improves the applicability of the device. scope.

5. While the elastic film of the present invention is isolating the contact of the lubricating oil and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, since the upper boundary of the elastic film is compressed by the micro-sprayed back cover and the outer ring of the micro-sprayed front cover, it can play a role of sealing and can effectively reduce Additional sealing device simplifies the structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the state when the present invention is connected to the driving power supply and the piezoelectric vibrator is recessed;

Figure 4 is a front view of the present invention when the bearing 9 is used to replace the shoulder of the oil supply mandrel 4 stepped shaft;

Fig. 5 is when the depth of fuel injection chamber 5-1 increases, the partially enlarged schematic view of micro-spray rear cover 2 and micro-spray front cover 5;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the oil supply mandrel 4 in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of Fig. 6;

Figure 8 is a top view of Figure 6;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the micro-sprayed rear cover 2 in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the micro-sprayed back cover 5 in the present invention.

detailed description

Specific embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 10. A film-sealed piezoelectric-driven micro-spray lubrication device described in this embodiment includes a lock nut 1, a micro-spray back cover 2, and an oil supply mandrel 4 , the micro-spray front cover 5, and the piezoelectric vibrator, the middle part of the rear end of the oil supply mandrel 4 is provided with an oil supply chamber 4-1 along the axial direction, and the front end of the oil supply chamber 4-1 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of The oil supply channel 4-2, the oil supply channel 4-2 is connected with the oil supply chamber 4-1, the micro-spray rear cover 2 and the micro-spray front cover 5 are set on the outside of the oil supply mandrel 4, the micro-spray front cover 5 and the The oil supply mandrel 4 is fixedly connected, the micro-spray rear cover 2 is arranged on the rear end of the micro-spray front cover 5, the rear end of the micro-spray rear cover 2 is provided with a lock nut 1, and the lock nut 1 is screwed on the oil supply mandrel 4, a piezoelectric vibrator is provided between the micro-spraying back cover 2 and the micro-spraying front cover 5, the front end surface of the micro-spraying back cover 2 is provided with an annular groove 2-1 along the circumferential direction, and the rear end surface of the micro-spraying front cover 5 An oil injection cavity 5-1 is arranged along the circumferential direction, and the annular groove 2-1 is arranged opposite to the oil injection cavity 5-1. The piezoelectric vibrator includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3, an elastic film 7 and a copper sheet 8, and the elastic film 7, The copper sheet 8 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 are fixed in sequence from front to back, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 is arranged in the annular groove 2-1, and the outer side of the front end surface of the micro-spray front cover 5 is uniformly arranged with a plurality of spray nozzles along the circumferential direction. The oil port 5-2, the oil injection chamber 5-1 are connected with the oil injection port 5-2, and the inside of the micro-spray front cover 5 is evenly arranged with a plurality of oil injection channels 5-3 along the circumferential direction, and the oil injection channels 5-3 One end of the fuel injection channel 5-1 is connected, and the other end of the fuel injection channel 5-3 is connected with the oil supply channel 4-2.

In this embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3, the copper sheet 8 and the elastic film 7 are all annular in shape, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3, the copper sheet 8 and the elastic film 7 together form a piezoelectric vibrator, and the piezoelectric vibrator is fixed behind the micro spray Between the cover 2 and the micro-spray front cover 5, the locking nut 1 is locked and positioned. As a part of the entire piezoelectric vibrator, the elastic film 7 enables the piezoelectric micro-spray device to be widely adapted to various conductive or non-conductive liquids, and can effectively protect the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 from being corroded by the liquid, while reducing the voltage on the piezoelectric Rigid constraints on the oscillator. In the case of the same excitation voltage, the piezoelectric vibrator can have stronger vibration intensity.

In this embodiment, the elastic film 7 can play a sealing role. Under the extrusion of the micro-spray back cover 2 and the oil injection chamber 5, the outer side of the elastic film 7 can be used as a sealing structure for the outer ring of the piezoelectric micro-spray device.

In this embodiment, the way of measuring oil supply is adopted, the lubricating oil inlet (that is, the oil injection channel 5-3) of the oil injection chamber 5-1 and the nozzle (that is, the oil injection port 5-2) are in the same direction, and this structure can Effectively shorten the distance from the nozzle to the piezoelectric vibrator, which helps to enhance the injection intensity.

In this embodiment, the oil supply mandrel 4 is used as a limit in the axial direction, which simplifies the whole structure.

In this embodiment, the depth of the oil injection cavity 5-1 can be increased to be almost flush with the oil supply passage 4-2, so that the oil injection port 5-2 is closer to the bearing, and the injection effect is enhanced.

Specific Embodiment 2: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 5. The elastic film 7 in this embodiment is fixed on the front end surface of the copper sheet 8, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 is fixed on the middle part of the rear end surface of the copper sheet 8. , the inner side of the copper sheet 8 is fixed on the inner side between the micro-sprayed back cover 2 and the micro-sprayed front cover 5, the outer side of the copper sheet 8 is arranged in the annular groove 2-1, and the outer side of the elastic film 7 is fixed on the micro-sprayed back cover 2 and the outer side between the micro-spray front cover 5, the inner side of the elastic film 7 is arranged in the oil injection chamber 5-1. Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

In this embodiment, the elastic film 7 is fixed on the front end surface of the copper sheet 8 , the inner diameter of the copper sheet 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the elastic film 7 , and the outer diameter of the copper sheet 8 is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic film 7 .

In this embodiment, the elastic film 7 can also be directly fixed on the outside of the front end surface of the copper sheet 8 , that is, fixed to the outer ring of the copper sheet 7 .

Specific embodiment three: this embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2, the rear end surface of the micro-sprayed back cover 2 described in this embodiment is provided with a through hole 2-2, and the positive electrode lead wire of the driving power is connected with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3, and is connected from the through hole 2-2. Lead out from the hole 2-2, and the negative electrode lead of the drive power is connected with the micro-spray back cover 2. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or 2.

Specific embodiment four: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the front end face of micro-spray front cover 5 described in this embodiment is stepped, and the middle part of micro-spray front cover 5 front end face is provided with projection 5-4, The oil supply mandrel 4 is a stepped shaft, and the front end surface of the protrusion 5 - 4 cooperates with the rear end surface of the shoulder of the oil supply mandrel 4 . Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in the third embodiment.

In this embodiment, the axial positioning of the micro-spray front cover 5 is realized by setting the stepped shaft of the oil supply mandrel 4 .

In this embodiment, the bearing 9 can also be used to replace the shaft shoulder of the 4 stepped shafts of the oil supply mandrel, and the protrusion 5-4 of the micro-spray front cover 5 is directly matched with the inner ring end face of the bearing 9 as the shaft of the micro-spray front cover 5 orientation.

In this embodiment, a nozzle diaphragm is usually placed at the front end of the fuel injection port 5-2, and the nozzle diaphragm is used to achieve the purpose of changing the size of the fuel injection port 5-2. Shape setting can facilitate the positioning of the nozzle diaphragm and facilitate the replacement of the nozzle diaphragm.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 . The elastic film 7 in this embodiment is fixed to the copper sheet 8 through conductive glue. Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in Embodiment 4.

This design ensures the overall conductivity of the piezoelectric vibrator.

Specific embodiment six: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 2. The oil mandrel 4 in this embodiment is provided with two seal ring grooves 4-3 along the circumferential direction, and the seal ring grooves 4-3 are arranged in the oil supply channel 4-3. On the front and rear sides of 2, an O-ring 6 is arranged in the sealing ring groove 4-1. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those in Embodiment 1, 2, 4 or 5.

For the convenience of installation, the micro-spray back cover 2, the oil injection chamber 5 and the oil supply mandrel 4 are clearance fit, and in order to prevent oil leakage, O-rings are arranged on the front and back sides of the oil supply channel 4-2.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 . The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 in this embodiment is polarized along the thickness direction. Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in Embodiment 6.

The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 is polarized along the thickness direction. When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 is excited by the first-order resonant frequency, the piezoelectric vibrator will vibrate. At this time, the elastic film 7 that is fixedly connected to the copper sheet 8 in the piezoelectric vibrator will vibrate. Because of the internal liquid pressure, the elastic film 7 can be regarded as a pressure relief structure during the vibration process, which helps to reduce the damping of the piezoelectric vibrator during the vibration process, and can increase the vibration speed and vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator. The strength of the vibration.

Embodiment 8: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 . The inner ring of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 in this embodiment is higher than the center of the port at one end of the fuel injection channel 5 - 3 . Other compositions and connection methods are the same as those in Embodiment 7.

This design keeps the strongest part of the piezoelectric vibrator away from the lubricating oil inlet (that is, the oil injection channel 5-3), so that the pressure at the nozzle (that is, the oil injection port 5-2) is not affected by the lubricating oil inlet.

Ninth specific embodiment: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 to FIG. 8 . The rear end of the oil supply chamber 4 - 1 in this embodiment is provided with threads along the circumferential direction. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those in Embodiment 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 or 8.

In this embodiment, the oil supply mandrel 4 is used as an oil storage structure, which is designed in such a way that it can be easily connected to an external oil outlet device.

Specific Embodiment Ten: This embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 and Fig. 10. The horizontal end of the fuel injection passage 5-3 communicates with the fuel injection chamber 5-1, and the vertical end of the fuel injection passage 5-3 communicates with the oil supply passage 4-2. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those in Embodiment 9.

Such a design facilitates the communication between the oil injection chamber 5-1 and the oil supply passage 4-2.

In this embodiment, the number of multiple oil supply channels 4-2 is two, the number of multiple oil injection channels 5-3 is four, and the number of multiple oil injection ports 5-2 is four.

working principle

The piezoelectric vibrator is fixed between the micro-spray back cover 2 and the micro-spray front cover 5, and is locked and positioned by the locking nut 1. When the first-order resonant frequency is used to excite the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3, the piezoelectric vibrator will vibrate. At this time, the part of the elastic film 7 fixedly connected to the copper sheet 8 in the piezoelectric vibrator will become concave and stretched due to the internal liquid pressure. The elastic film 7 is a part of the entire piezoelectric vibrator, and the elastic film 7 can be regarded as a pressure relief structure during the vibration process, which helps to reduce the damping of the piezoelectric vibrator during the vibration process, and can increase the vibration speed and The strength of the vibration makes the piezoelectric micro-spray device widely adaptable to various conductive or non-conductive liquids, and can effectively protect the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3 from being corroded by the liquid, and at the same time reduce the rigid constraint on the piezoelectric vibrator. In the case of the same excitation voltage, the piezoelectric vibrator can have stronger vibration intensity.

Claims (10)

1. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving, it is characterised in that：A kind of diaphragm seal formula pressure Electric drive it is micro injection lubricating arrangement include locking nut (1), it is micro- spray bonnet (2), fuel feeding mandrel (4), it is micro- spray protecgulum (5) and Piezoelectric vibrator, the middle part of fuel feeding mandrel (4) rear end is in axial direction provided with fuel supply chamber (4-1), and the front end of fuel supply chamber (4-1) is along footpath Multiple oil supply galleries (4-2) are arranged with to direction, oil supply gallery (4-2) connects with fuel supply chamber (4-1), micro- spray bonnet (2) The outside that protecgulum (5) is sleeved on fuel feeding mandrel (4) is sprayed with micro-, micro- spray protecgulum (5) is affixed with fuel feeding mandrel (4), micro- spray bonnet (2) The rear end of micro- spray protecgulum (5) is arranged on, the rear end of micro- spray bonnet (2) is provided with locking nut (1), and locking nut (1) spinning is being supplied On wick axle (4), piezoelectric vibrator is provided between micro- spray bonnet (2) and micro- spray protecgulum (5), the front end face of micro- spray bonnet (2) is along circle Circumferential direction is provided with annular groove (2-1), and the rear end face of micro- spray protecgulum (5) is along the circumferential direction provided with fuel injection chamber (5-1), annular groove (2-1) and fuel injection chamber (5-1) are oppositely arranged, and piezoelectric vibrator includes piezoelectric ceramic piece (3), elastic film (7) and copper sheet (8), bullet Property film (7), copper sheet (8) and piezoelectric ceramic piece (3) are affixed successively from front to back, and piezoelectric ceramic piece (3) is arranged on annular groove In (2-1), the outside of micro- spray protecgulum (5) front end face is along the circumferential direction laid with multiple jets (5-2), fuel injection chamber (5-1) Connected with jet (5-2), the circumferential direction inside direction of micro- spray protecgulum (5) is laid with multiple fuel injection passages (5-3), oil spout One end of passage (5-3) is connected with fuel injection chamber (5-1), and the other end of fuel injection passage (5-3) is connected with oil supply gallery (4-2).

2. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Elastic film (7) is fixed on the front end face of copper sheet (8), and piezoelectric ceramic piece (3) is fixed in the middle part of copper sheet (8) rear end face, copper The inner side between micro- spray bonnet (2) and micro- spray protecgulum (5) is fixed on the inside of piece (8), annular is arranged on the outside of copper sheet (8) recessed In groove (2-1), the outside between micro- spray bonnet (2) and micro- spray protecgulum (5), elastic film are fixed on the outside of elastic film (7) (7) it is arranged on the inside of in fuel injection chamber (5-1).

3. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that： The rear end face of micro- spray bonnet (2) is provided with through hole (2-2), and driving power supply positive wire is connected with piezoelectric ceramic piece (3), and Drawn from through hole (2-2), driving power supply negative wire is connected with micro- spray bonnet (2).

4. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described The front end face of micro- spray protecgulum (5) is stepped, and raised (5-4), fuel feeding mandrel (4) are provided with the middle part of micro- spray protecgulum (5) front end face It is multi-diameter shaft, the front end face of raised (5-4) coordinates with the rear end face of the shaft shoulder of fuel feeding mandrel (4).

5. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described Elastic film (7) is affixed with copper sheet (8) by conducting resinl.

6. a kind of micro injection lubricating arrangement of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 1,2,4 or 5, its feature exists In：Two seal grooves (4-3) are along the circumferential direction provided with the fuel feeding mandrel (4), seal groove (4-3) is arranged on fuel feeding and leads to O-ring (6) is provided with the front and rear both sides in road (4-2), seal groove (4-1).

7. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described Piezoelectric ceramic piece (3) through-thickness polarizes.

8. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described Center of the inner ring of piezoelectric ceramic piece (3) higher than fuel injection passage (5-3) one end port.

9. a kind of micro injection lubricating arrangement of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 1,2,4,5,7 or 8, it is special Levy and be：The rear end of the fuel supply chamber (4-1) is along the circumferential direction provided with screw thread.

10. the micro injection lubricating arrangement of a kind of diaphragm seal formula Piezoelectric Driving according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Institute That states fuel injection passage (5-3) is shaped as " L " shape, and fuel injection passage (5-3) includes horizontal ends and vertical end, fuel injection passage (5-3) Horizontal ends are connected with fuel injection chamber (5-1), and the vertical end of fuel injection passage (5-3) is connected with oil supply gallery (4-2).