CN106879265A - A kind of maize straw in the ranks chopper - Google Patents

Abstract

It is that a kind of can promote straw decomposition and improve the maize straw of crop emergence rate in agricultural machinery in the ranks the present invention relates to a kind of maize straw in the ranks chopper.The primary structure of the maize straw in the ranks chopper is：Frame front side one group of stalk of lower section connection allocates device, allocate plate height adjustable, allocate device and stalk is pushed into ribbon according to plan, allocate device dead astern arrangement mouldboard plow, totally six, it is in tilted layout to the right, after mouldboard plow, nitrogenous fertilizer and decay agent pass through correspondence conveying device and are uniformly sprinkled upon on stalk, then turn over stalk by mouldboard plow and bury.Land presser is connected after stalk nitrogenous fertilizer hopper, the soil turned over is suppressed via land presser, after land presser, can be by adjusting spring and ground wheeling rack seat, regulation land wheel is highly.Described frame connects hitch frame foremost, by tractor-drawn.

Description

A machine for returning corn stalks between rows

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural farming machine, in particular to an agricultural machine for returning corn stalks between rows.

Background technique

In the process of corn planting and production, a large amount of straw will be produced. The traditional way of straw disposal is to feed livestock or burning, incineration, the latter will bring serious environmental pollution. Due to the rapid development of my country's economy in recent years, the changes in planting and breeding structures, and the improvement of agricultural mechanization, great changes have taken place in straw treatment methods, and the general trend is to change to the direction of environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization of straw. As one of the main utilization methods, straw returning to the field can not only improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase the content of soil organic matter, but also save resources and energy, and reduce environmental pollution. It has received more and more attention worldwide.

After the corn is harvested, the traditional method of returning the straw to the field is to crush the straw first, and then mix or turn the straw into the plow layer soil with agricultural machinery such as a rotary tiller or a plow. With traditional farming methods, the thickness of the soil plow layer in most farmlands in my country is only 10-15cm. As a large biomass crop, corn produces a large amount of stalks per season; crushing corn stalks and returning them to the plow layer soil will greatly reduce the surface soil bulk density, increase soil air permeability, and keep water and fertilizer in the plow layer soil. Severe decline in sex, resulting in lower crop emergence and reduced yield. The most important thing is: the traditional straw returning requires multiple machines to complete the corresponding steps respectively, which is difficult to operate and causes serious waste of resources, so it is difficult to be widely used or promoted.

In practice, to solve the above problems, design a machine that can spread the straw on the surface of the farmland in strips, and then fill the straw in the soil according to the strip, and add solid nitrogen fertilizer decomposing agent and other substances to help the straw decompose. At the same time, it does not affect normal farming, and the agricultural machinery device that returns to the field at one time is particularly important.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the existing problems of returning corn stalks to the field, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machine for returning corn stalks to the field between rows, which can promote the decomposition of straws and increase the emergence rate of crops.

The above existing problems are realized through the following mechanical design scheme:

A machine for returning corn stalks between rows, including a frame and a straw distributing device connected to the frame, a plow, a nitrogen fertilizer hopper and a nitrogen fertilizer delivery device, a decomposing agent material box and a decomposing agent conveying device, a compactor, ground wheel; the straw distribution device is installed under the front side of the frame, used to distribute the straw into strips; the rear of the straw distribution device is installed with a plow; the top of the frame A nitrogen fertilizer hopper and a decomposing agent feed box are installed, a nitrogen fertilizer conveying device is installed below the nitrogen fertilizer hopper, a decomposing agent conveying device is installed under the described decomposing agent feed box, and the nitrogen fertilizer conveying device and the decomposing agent conveying device transfer the nitrogen fertilizer and decomposing agent are transported to the front end of the conventional plow; a packer is installed under the frame behind the nitrogen fertilizer hopper, and ground wheels are installed under the frame behind the packer; the last part of the frame The front end is connected to the traction frame.

Further, the straw distributing device is composed of a pair of rake-shaped lower ends and solid upper ends connected to each other. It is composed of a distributing plate with the inner side of the distributing plate inclined outward, and is fixed on the At the front of the rack, the height of the distribution board can be adjusted.

Further, the first conventional plow is arranged directly behind the straw distribution device, the number of the conventional plows should be selected as an integer multiple of 3, and the frame for fixing the conventional plows is arranged inclined to the lower right , for each of the next conventional plows, one plow body is turned backward in the horizontal direction, and the plane where the two adjacent conventional plows are located in the vertical direction can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The seat cover is fixed on the lower end of the frame, and the height of each conventional plow can be adjusted.

Further, the nitrogen fertilizer hopper is a solid nitrogen fertilizer hopper, and the decomposing agent hopper is a liquid decomposing agent hopper.

Further, the nitrogen fertilizer delivery device includes a fertilizer delivery conduit, which is supported and fixed by a support rod of the fertilizer delivery conduit fixedly connected to the frame.

Further, the decomposing agent feed box is placed in front of the plow, and the decomposing agent conveying device includes a support frame, a gear pump, an infusion conduit and a high-pressure nozzle, wherein the support frame is fixed on the frame and connected to the The decomposing agent hopper is described, the gear pump is arranged at the bottom of the corrosive agent hopper, the infusion conduit is connected with the corrosive agent hopper, and the high-pressure nozzle is arranged at the end of the infusion conduit.

Further, the frame is connected to the ground wheel through the ground wheel support and the support seat, and the height of the ground wheel can be adjusted by adjusting the spring and the ground wheel support seat.

Further, the packer is fixed on the frame by U-shaped bolts and seat sleeves.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the machine for returning straw between corn rows involved in the present invention can spread the straw on the surface soil layer of the farmland in the expected strip shape at one time, and the straw is concentrated in the strip and returned to the field, and the The field density is relatively high, and the application of nitrogen fertilizer, straw decomposing agent and irrigation and other auxiliary measures can promote the rapid decomposition of straw and release nutrients for crop absorption and utilization, shorten the cycle of its transformation into soil organic matter, and quickly improve the level of farmland soil fertility. Effectively avoid contact between seeds and straw during sowing. Corn is sown in the straw non-returning zone, the soil porosity and water retention performance are not affected by the straw returning, the seed emergence rate can be maintained, and the crop yield can be increased. It saves a lot of manpower and material resources, so that farmers can more conveniently complete the arduous work of returning straw to the field at one time without affecting the subsequent cultivation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the distribution device of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the paved corn stalk strips and the non-stalk returning area.

Fig. 4 is a distribution diagram of the distributing device and the conventional plow of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention.

In the picture:

1-Suspension frame 2-U-bolt 3-Decomposition agent medicine box 4-Seat cover 5-Nitrogen fertilizer box 6-Fertilizer delivery pipe rod 7-Fertilizer delivery conduit 8-Gear pump 9-High pressure nozzle 10-Straw distribution device 11-Folder plow 12-Repressor 13-Ground wheel 14-Spring 15-Rack 16-Rake distribution plate 17-Paved corn stalk strips 18-Non-stalk returning area

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention. The ground wheel 13 is connected by the ground wheel support and the support seat on the frame 15, and the height of the ground wheel is regulated by adjusting the spring 14 and the ground wheel support seat simultaneously. The front end of the frame 15 is connected to the traction frame 1 and is pulled by a tractor.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the distribution device of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention. In the corn stalk inter-row return machine, a group of straw distribution devices 10 are connected to the bottom of the front side of the frame 15. The straw distribution device has a pair of lower ends in the shape of rakes and a solid upper end connected to each other. , The inner side of the shifting plate is composed of a splitting plate inclined outwards, that is, the rake type splitting plate 16, and is fixed on the front section of the frame by the U-shaped bolt 2 with the seat cover. The height of rake type distribution plate 16 can be adjusted. The straw distributing device 10 pushes the straw at 22.5 cm on both sides from the middle to both ends of the ground where the straw is laid, and spreads the straw on the farmland topsoil in strips with a width of 90 cm. Between the two strips 45cm apart. As shown in FIG. 3 , 17 is the paved strip of corn stalks, that is, the straw returning area, and 18 is the non-straw returning area.

Fig. 4 is a distribution diagram of the distributing device and the conventional plow of the corn stalk inter-row returning machine of the present invention. In the corn stalk inter-row returning machine, the first conventional plow 11 is arranged directly behind the straw distribution device 10. There are six conventional plows in this embodiment, which are used to fix the frame of the conventional plow. 15 is arranged obliquely to the right rear. Each of the conventional plows after the first conventional plow has one plow body behind in the horizontal direction, and the plane where the two conventional plows are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and the horizontal and vertical distance is 45cm.

In the corn stalk inter-row returning machine, a nitrogen fertilizer hopper 5 is installed on the upper end of the frame 15 after the conventional plow, and a liquid decomposing agent hopper 3 is installed on the upper end of the frame 15 before the conventional plow. The nitrogen fertilizer hopper 5 is connected with a nitrogen fertilizer conveying device, and the liquid decomposing agent hopper 3 is connected with a liquid decomposing agent conveying device. The nitrogen fertilizer and decomposing agent conveying device includes a support frame fixed on the frame for fixing the nitrogen fertilizer hopper 5 and the decomposing agent hopper 3 . Fertilizer delivery conduits 7 are installed below the nitrogen fertilizer hopper 5, and each fertilizer delivery conduit 7 is supported and fixed by each fertilizer delivery pipe bracket 6, and is transported to the front end of each plow respectively, and nitrogen fertilizer is sprinkled on the straw. The bottom of the liquid decomposing agent hopper 3 is equipped with a gear pump 8, and an infusion conduit is installed below the liquid decomposing agent hopper 3 to be delivered to the front end of the plow, and a high-pressure nozzle 9 is installed at the end of the infusion conduit. Spray the decomposing agent evenly on the straw.

The corn stalk returning machine between rows plows the soil to bury the straw, etc. After the straw nitrogen fertilizer hopper is connected to the compactor 12 under the frame 15, the plowed soil is suppressed by the compactor 12 , loose and solid coexist, has a good moisture conservation effect.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Those of ordinary skill in the art can modify or equivalently replace the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection should be determined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of maize straw in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that, including frame and the stalk that is connected with frame allocate device, ploughshare formula Plough, nitrogenous fertilizer hopper and nitrogenous fertilizer conveying device, decay agent hopper and decay agent conveying device, land presser, land wheel；The stalk is allocated Device is installed on the front side lower section of the frame, for stalk to be allocated into ribbon；The stalk allocates the rear peace of device Dress mouldboard plow；Nitrogenous fertilizer hopper and decay agent hopper are installed in the top of the frame, and nitrogenous fertilizer conveying is installed in the nitrogenous fertilizer hopper lower section Device, the decay agent hopper lower section is installed by decay agent conveying device, the nitrogenous fertilizer conveying device and decay agent conveying dress Put the front end that nitrogenous fertilizer and decay agent are delivered to the mouldboard plow；Frame lower section after the nitrogenous fertilizer hopper is installed by suppression Device, the frame lower section after the land presser is installed by land wheel；The connection hitch frame foremost of the frame.

2. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The stalk allocates device by under a pair It is rake shape to hold, and upper end is solid shape, and top connects, and allocating plate by the outward-dipping rake of plate medial surface constitutes, by U-shaped spiral shell Bolt coordinates cover for seat to be fixed on frame leading portion, and the stalk allocates the height adjustable of device.

3. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The number of the mouldboard plow be 3 it is whole Several times, for fixing the frame of mouldboard plow back sweep arrangement to the right, each mouldboard plow is in the horizontal direction successively to latter Individual plough body, the plane where the two neighboring mouldboard plow of vertical direction can adjust its horizontal vertical range according to actual conditions.

4. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The mouldboard plow is with U-bolt Cover for seat is fixed on the frame lower end, the height adjustable of the mouldboard plow.

5. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The nitrogenous fertilizer hopper is solid nitrogen fertilizer Bucket, the decay agent hopper is liquid decay agent hopper.

6. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The nitrogenous fertilizer conveying device includes defeated fertilizer Conduit, is fixed by the defeated fertile conduit strut support being fixedly connected with the frame.

7. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The decay agent hopper is placed in mouldboard plow Before, the decay agent conveying device includes support frame, gear pump, transfusion catheter and high-pressure nozzle, and wherein support frame is fixed on institute The decay agent hopper is stated in frame and connects, gear pump is located at the decay agent hopper bottom, transfusion catheter and the decomposition Agent hopper is connected, and high-pressure nozzle is arranged at transfusion catheter end.

8. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The frame passes through ground wheeling rack and branch Stand connects land wheel, and can adjust the height of land wheel by adjusting spring and ground wheeling rack seat.

9. maize straw according to claim 1 in the ranks chopper, it is characterized in that：The land presser is by U-bolt and seat Set is fixed in the frame.