CN106872088A - Adapt to the ultrasonic stress detecting probe device of different curve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces, comprising: a middle fixing device, a left ultrasonic device, a right ultrasonic device, a left fixing device and a right fixing device; the middle fixing device fixes the probe under the action of magnetic force The device is on the surface of the measured medium; the left ultrasonic device is connected to the left side of the middle fixing device through a pin, and can be rotated at a fixed axis under the drive of the worm to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium, and can emit/receive ultrasonic waves; the right ultrasonic device is connected through a pin On the right side of the middle fixing device, driven by the gear of the left ultrasonic device, the fixed axis can be rotated synchronously to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium, and can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the left fixing device is connected to the left ultrasonic device through threaded holes and square grooves The left side, and through the magnetic force, the left ultrasonic device is firmly fixed on the surface of the measured medium and achieves a stable coupling state; the structure and function of the right fixing device are the same as those of the left fixing device. The invention adopts the curved surface ultrasonic non-destructive testing probe and the fixing device of the above structure, and can measure the plane and curved surface stress of the equipment under service conditions.

Description

Ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the field of stress detection, and in particular relates to a workpiece curved surface stress detection device. The device is small in size and light in weight, can quantitatively adjust the angle according to needs, adapt to curvatures of different sizes, and can be widely applied to curved surfaces of workpieces with different curvatures. For example: oil and gas pipelines, gas storage tanks, bridges, etc.; the magnetic adsorption force can be adjusted according to needs, and it is widely used in the field of sensor fixation in ultrasonic nondestructive testing.

Background technique:

Residual stress is an important criterion for workpiece quality evaluation, which is very harmful to workpieces in service, for example, accelerating the generation of fatigue cracks, reducing fatigue life, stress corrosion, deformation, instability, etc., so the detection of materials is of great significance . Currently the most widely used strain method and blind hole method have defects such as lossy equipment and large errors, and the device is too large to be carried and not easy to measure.

Ultrasound uses the principle of acoustoelasticity to test the residual stress. The principle of acoustoelasticity refers to the linear relationship between the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves and the stress in the workpiece. At present, the more mature ultrasonic test waveform is the critical refraction longitudinal wave, which is a special mode generated when the longitudinal wave is incident at the first critical angle, and propagates parallel to the surface of the workpiece to be tested. The distance between the transceiver probes is fixed, and the state of residual stress in the workpiece can be tested according to the change of the propagation time of the critical refracted longitudinal wave in the workpiece.

In the field of traditional stress detection, residual stress detection is usually based on planes, and the development of residual stress detection devices for curved surfaces is lacking, especially in the determination of the first critical refraction angle and device fixation.

It can be seen from the principle of acoustoelasticity that the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave must be guaranteed to be the first critical refraction angle. In plane detection, the ultrasonic transceiver probe is fixed on two opposite inclined surfaces of a plexiglass wedge, the test area is fixed, and the inclination angle relative to the surface of the workpiece to be tested is fixed. This fixed tilt angle is the first critical angle of refraction calculated based on workpiece material testing. However, there are many curved surface workpieces in the actual measurement. Since the inclined surface of the plane detection device is fixed and the device itself cannot be adjusted, it is impossible to ensure that the ultrasonic wave is incident at the first critical refraction angle when measuring the surface stress, resulting in large errors and even errors. And because the curvature of the curved surface is different, if the fixing device only adapts to one kind of curvature, it will cause great waste and equipment redundancy. Therefore, for the surface stress detection, the device must be able to accurately adjust according to different curvatures, so that the ultrasonic wave can be accurately adjusted according to the first critical value. Refracted angle of incidence, and can be widely used.

At the same time, curved surface detection, especially in the aspect of non-horizontal curved surface detection, puts forward higher requirements for the fixing of the device. In the traditional field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, the fixation of the sensor mainly depends on the technician holding it and pressing it on the surface of the workpiece to be tested, or attracting and fixing it with a magnet. Due to the bending characteristics of curved surface workpieces, technicians cannot ensure that the sensor is fully coupled with the surface of the measured workpiece and some curved surfaces cannot be manually fixed, and the error of the measurement results is increased due to problems such as insufficient magnet attraction due to the design, and even mistake.

In view of the above reasons, this paper proposes an ultrasonic stress detection probe device with an adjustable angle and can be effectively fixed on the curved surface of the workpiece.

Invention content:

In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art that the ultrasonic transducer cannot be stably coupled with the surface of the equipment under test and lacks a measuring device for the curved surface of the equipment, the present invention provides a curved surface ultrasonic nondestructive testing device with high precision, The advantage of simple operation can provide constant coupling pressure, and can detect the curved surface part of the equipment in service state.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

Ultrasonic stress detection probe devices adapted to different curved surfaces, including: middle fixing device, left ultrasonic device, right ultrasonic device, left fixing device and right fixing device; among them, the middle fixing device fixes the probe device under the action of magnetic force The surface of the measured medium; the left ultrasonic device is connected to the left side of the middle fixing device through a pin, and can be rotated at a fixed axis under the drive of the worm to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The left ultrasonic device can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the right ultrasonic device passes through The pin is connected to the right side of the middle fixing device, which can be rotated synchronously with a fixed axis driven by the gear of the left ultrasonic device to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The right ultrasonic device can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the left fixing device passes through threaded holes and square grooves Connected to the left side of the left ultrasonic device, the left fixing device securely fixes the left ultrasonic device on the surface of the measured medium through magnetic force and achieves a stable coupling state; the right fixing device has the same structure and function as the left fixing device.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the curved surface ultrasonic nondestructive testing probe and fixing device of the above structure can be used to measure the plane and curved surface parts of the equipment under service conditions, measure its residual stress and evaluate its safety. It can automatically adapt to the curvature of the measured surface, provide stable force, stable coupling state, simple operation, safe and reliable, low requirements for experimental site conditions, and will not cause equipment damage. Use this tool to measure the residual stress of the equipment, and use the temperature detection and correction module to measure the temperature of the measured object and perform temperature compensation, which provides an efficient and accurate method for equipment detection.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an ultrasonic stress detection probe device;

Figure 1b is a schematic front view of the ultrasonic stress detection probe device;

Figure 1c is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic stress detection probe device;

Figure 1d is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic stress detection probe device;

Fig. 2a is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the plexiglass wedge on the left side;

Figure 2b is a perspective view of the left organic glass wedge;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional schematic view of the organic glass wedge on the right side;

Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional schematic view of central block;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the magnet fixing blocks on both sides and their assembly conditions;

Figure 6a is a perspective view of the whole worm;

Figure 6b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the worm as a whole;

Fig. 7a is a schematic perspective view of a worm screwed into a fixed end;

Figure 7b is a cross-sectional view of the worm screwed into the fixed end;

In the figure: 1. Left magnet fixing block, 2. Center block, 3. Left plexiglass wedge, 4. Right plexiglass wedge, 5. Upper end of worm, 6. Screw-in end, 7. Right magnet Fixed block, 8, thermal resistance, 9, boss, 10, bottom plate magnet, 11, square magnet, 12, spring leaf, 13, worm gear of left plexiglass wedge, 14, gear of right plexiglass wedge, 15, bearing, 16, the gear of left plexiglass wedge, 17, ultrasonic transducer, 18, ultrasonic transducer, 19, boss, 20, the lower end of worm.

detailed description:

As shown in Figure 1a and Figure 1b, the ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces includes: a middle fixing device, a left ultrasonic device, a right ultrasonic device, a left fixing device and a right fixing device; wherein, the middle fixing device , fix the probe device on the surface of the measured medium under the action of magnetic force; the left ultrasonic device is connected to the left side of the middle fixing device through a pin, and can be rotated at a fixed axis under the drive of the worm to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The left ultrasonic device can emit / Receive ultrasonic waves; the right ultrasonic device is connected to the right side of the middle fixing device through pins, and can be rotated synchronously with a fixed axis driven by the gear of the left ultrasonic device to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The right ultrasonic device can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; left The side fixing device is connected to the left side of the left ultrasonic device through threaded holes and square grooves. The left fixing device fixes the left ultrasonic device on the surface of the measured medium through magnetic force and achieves a stable coupling state; the right fixing device and the left The structure and function of the side fixing devices are the same.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the intermediate fixing device includes: a central block 2, a bottom plate magnet 10, a worm upper end 5, and a worm lower end 20; the main body of the intermediate fixing device is the central block 2, and the top plate of the central block 2 has a circular ladder Through holes, threaded holes and blind holes are opened on the bottom plate, rectangular through holes are opened horizontally on the side, through holes and arc structures engraved with angle discs are on the left and right sides; countersunk holes are opened on the bottom plate magnet 10, through which the countersunk The screws are connected with the threaded holes on the bottom plate of the central block 2, so that the central block 2 is fixed on the surface of the measured object by magnetic force. The circular stepped through hole on the top plate of the central block 2 and the blind hole on the bottom plate are used to place and fix the worm. The worm is formed by screwing the upper end 5 of the worm and the lower end 20 of the worm, the upper end 5 of the worm is connected with a round rod under a square plate, and the lower end 20 of the worm has helical teeth and a protrusion at the bottom. The circular stepped through hole at the upper end of the central block 2 is provided with a bearing 15. The upper end 5 of the worm passes through the circular stepped hole to cooperate with the bearing 15, and the screw-in end 6 is screwed into the central block 2 to compress the bearing 15; the bottom end of the worm lower end 20 The protrusion is placed on the blind hole of the bottom plate of the central block 2, so as to avoid the vertical deviation when the worm rotates, and the worm can only rotate with a fixed axis. The side of the central block 2 has a rectangular through hole horizontally, and the left and right sides of the central block 2 have small through holes respectively, which are used to connect with the left plexiglass wedge 3 and the right plexiglass wedge 4 through pins; There are arc-shaped structures engraved with angle tables on both sides, which cooperate with the arc-shaped grooves on the left plexiglass wedge 3 and right plexiglass wedge 4 to display the rotation angles of the left and right plexiglass wedges .

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the ultrasonic device on the left side comprises: the worm gear 13 of the left side organic glass wedge 3, the left side organic glass wedge, the gear 16 of the left side organic glass wedge, the ultrasonic transducer 17, Boss 9, thermal resistance 8; Its main body left side plexiglass wedge 3 right ends have semicircle protruding, are respectively the worm wheel 13 of left side plexiglass wedge and the gear 16 of left side plexiglass wedge, the upper end has There is a through hole, a boss 9 at the bottom, a threaded hole and a square groove at the left end; the left plexiglass wedge 3 is provided with a 28° slope; the left plexiglass wedge 3 is connected to the center block 2 through a pin, and the left plexiglass The worm gear 13 of the wedge meshes with the lower end 20 of the worm, and when the upper end 5 of the worm rotates, it drives the left organic glass wedge 3 to rotate at a fixed axis; the gear 16 of the left organic glass wedge meshes with the gear of the right organic glass wedge ; The through hole provided at the upper end of the left organic glass wedge 3 is used to place a thermal resistor 8 to measure the temperature of the measured medium for temperature compensation; the transducer 17 is fixed at 28° of the left organic glass wedge 3 by threads On the slope, it is used to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the boss 9 on the left plexiglass wedge 3 is in contact with the surface of the measured object to achieve a coupling state; the threaded hole and square groove at the left end of the left plexiglass wedge 3 are used to connect with the Left side fixture connection.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the ultrasonic device on the right side comprises: the gear 14 of the organic glass wedge 4 on the right side, the organic glass wedge on the right side, the ultrasonic transducer 18, the boss 19; the organic glass on the right side of its main body The semicircular protrusion at the left end of the wedge 4 is the gear 14 of the right plexiglass wedge, the bottom end has a boss 19, and the right end has a threaded hole and a square groove; the right plexiglass wedge 4 is connected to the center block 2 through a pin The gear 14 of the organic glass wedge on the right side meshes with the gear 16 of the organic glass wedge on the left side, and when the worm screw rotates, the organic glass wedge 3 on the left side and the organic glass wedge 4 on the right side will rotate synchronously, making the left side The boss 9 of the ultrasonic device and the boss 19 of the ultrasonic device on the right are in contact with the curved surface of the measured object at the same time to achieve a coupled state; at the same time, the ring scale on the screw-in end 6 can be used as an index to calculate the rotation angle of the worm The angle at which the left side organic glass wedge 3 and the right side organic glass wedge 4 rotate and the curvature of the measured surface; the transducer 18 is fixed on the 28° slope of the right side organic glass wedge 4 by threads for emission/ Receiving ultrasonic waves; the threaded hole and the square groove at the right end of the right side plexiglass wedge 4 are used to connect with the right side fixture.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the left fixing device includes: left magnet fixing block 1, spring leaf 12, square magnet 11; the right fixing device consists of right magnet fixing block 4, spring leaf 12, square magnet 11 components; the left and right fixing devices are identical, and only the left fixing device will be described.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, there are two through holes and two protruding square plates on the left magnet fixing block 1, which are used to connect and fix with the threaded hole and the square groove at the left end of the left plexiglass wedge 3; The side magnet fixing block 1 has a T-shaped groove, which is matched with the spring sheet 12 and the square magnet 11. The spring sheet 12 and the square magnet 11 are all provided with through holes and connected by countersunk bolts; the square magnet 11 is adsorbed on the On the surface of the measured object, the force is transmitted to the spring leaf 12 through the countersunk head bolt, and the spring leaf 12 is pressed on the step of the T-shaped groove and deformed to fix the left magnet fixing block 1 on the surface of the measured object. The left side ultrasonic device is stably fixed on the surface of the measured object by the force provided by the left side magnet fixing block 1, the spring piece 12, and the square magnet 11 to the left side organic glass wedge 3, and the boss 9 is in contact with the measured object. The surface reaches a stable coupled state.

The overall working principle of the above-mentioned device is as follows: firstly, the device is placed on the surface of the measured object, and the central block 2 is fixed on the surface of the measured object by the magnetic force provided by the bottom plate magnet 10; The cooperation of the worm wheel 13 of the wedge makes the left organic glass wedge 3 rotate, and the engagement of the gear 16 of the left organic glass wedge and the gear 14 of the right organic glass wedge makes the left and right organic glass wedges 3 and 4 synchronized Rotate to adapt to the curved surface of the measured object; the force provided by the left magnet fixed block 1 and the right magnet fixed block 7 makes the device stably fixed on the curved surface of the measured object and makes the left and right plexiglass wedges 3, 4 Bosses 9 and 19 reach a stable coupling state with the surface of the measured object; read the angle at which the upper end of the worm 5 turns on the ring scale at the screw-in end 6 to obtain the curvature of the surface of the measured object; measure the measured object through the thermal resistance 8 The temperature of the medium is used for temperature compensation; the ultrasonic transducers 17 and 18 cooperate with other instruments to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves to complete the measurement of the residual stress of the measured medium.

Claims (6)

1. An ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces, comprising: a middle fixing device, a left side ultrasonic device, a right side ultrasonic device, a left side fixing device and a right side fixing device; wherein, the middle fixing device, under the action of magnetic force Fix the probe device on the surface of the measured medium; the left ultrasonic device is connected to the left side of the middle fixing device through a pin, and can be rotated with a fixed axis driven by the worm to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The left ultrasonic device can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the right The side ultrasonic device is connected to the right side of the middle fixing device through pins, and can be rotated synchronously with a fixed axis under the gear drive of the left ultrasonic device to adapt to the curved surface of the measured medium. The right ultrasonic device can transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; The hole and the square groove are connected to the left side of the left ultrasonic device, and the left fixing device fixes the left ultrasonic device firmly on the surface of the measured medium through magnetic force and achieves a stable coupling state; the structure of the right fixing device and the left fixing device Same as function. 2. The ultrasonic stress detection probe device adaptable to different curved surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the main body of the intermediate fixing device is a central block, the top plate of the central block has a circular stepped through hole, and the bottom plate has a threaded hole and a blind hole. There are rectangular through-holes horizontally on the side, and there are through-holes on the left and right sides and arc-shaped structures engraved with angle plates; there are countersunk holes on the bottom plate magnets, which are connected to the threaded holes on the bottom plate of the center block through countersunk screws. Thus, the center block is fixed on the surface of the measured object by magnetic force; the circular stepped through hole on the top plate of the center block and the blind hole on the bottom plate are used to place and fix the worm; A square plate is connected with a round rod, and the lower end of the worm has helical teeth and a protrusion at the bottom; the circular stepped hole at the upper end of the central block is provided with a bearing, and the upper end of the worm passes through the circular stepped hole to match the bearing, and is screwed into the end. Screw into the center block to press the bearing; the bottom protrusion of the lower end of the worm is against the blind hole of the bottom plate of the center block, so as to avoid the vertical deviation when the worm rotates, and the worm can only rotate at a fixed axis; the side of the center block There are rectangular through holes in the horizontal direction, and there are small through holes on the left and right sides of the center block, which are used to connect with the left plexiglass wedge and the right plexiglass wedge through pins. 3. The ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces according to claim 1-2, characterized in that, the left ultrasonic device includes: left plexiglass wedge, worm wheel of left plexiglass wedge, left side The gear, ultrasonic transducer, boss, and thermal resistance of the plexiglass wedge; the right end of the plexiglass wedge on the left side of the main body has a semicircular protrusion, which are the worm gear of the left plexiglass wedge and the left plexiglass wedge respectively The gear has a through hole on the upper end, a boss on the bottom end, a threaded hole and a square groove on the left end; the plexiglass wedge on the left is provided with a 28° slope; the plexiglass wedge on the left is connected with the center block through pins, and the left The worm gear of the plexiglass wedge meshes with the lower end of the worm, and when the upper end of the worm rotates, it drives the left plexiglass wedge to rotate at a fixed axis; the gear of the left plexiglass wedge meshes with the gear of the right plexiglass wedge; The through hole on the upper end of the plexiglass wedge is used to place the thermal resistor, measure the temperature of the measured medium, and use it for temperature compensation; the transducer is fixed on the 28° inclined surface of the left plexiglass wedge through threads for emission/ Receive ultrasonic waves; the boss on the left plexiglass wedge is in contact with the surface of the measured object to achieve a coupling state; the threaded hole and square groove at the left end of the left plexiglass wedge are used to connect with the left fixing device. 4. The ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces according to claim 1-3, characterized in that the right side ultrasonic device includes: the right side plexiglass wedge, the gear of the right side plexiglass wedge, the ultrasonic transducer Energizers and bosses; the semicircular protrusion at the left end of the plexiglass wedge on the right side of the main body is the gear of the right plexiglass wedge, with a boss at the bottom and a threaded hole and a square groove at the right end; the right plexiglass wedge The blocks are connected with the center block through pins; the gears of the right plexiglass wedge and the left plexiglass wedge mesh with each other, when the worm rotates, the left plexiglass wedge and the right plexiglass wedge will rotate synchronously, Make the boss of the left ultrasonic device and the boss of the right ultrasonic device contact with the surface of the measured object at the same time to achieve the coupling state; at the same time, the circular scale on the screw-in end can be used as an index to calculate the rotation angle of the worm The rotation angle of the left organic glass wedge and the right organic glass wedge and the curvature of the measured surface; the transducer is fixed on the 28° slope of the right organic glass wedge through threads to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves; the right The threaded holes and square slots on the right end of the side plexiglass wedges are used to attach to the right side fixture. 5. The ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapted to different curved surfaces according to claims 1-4, characterized in that, the left fixing device includes: a left magnet fixing block, a spring leaf, and a square magnet; the right fixing device includes : The magnet fixing block on the right side is composed of a spring piece and a square magnet; the fixing devices on the left and right sides are identical and symmetrically arranged; there are two through holes and two protruding square plates on the magnet fixing block on the left side, which are used to connect with the left side. The threaded hole at the left end of the glass wedge is connected and fixed with the square groove; the magnet fixing block on the left has a T-shaped groove to match the spring piece and the square magnet, and the spring piece and the square magnet have through holes and are connected by countersunk bolts; The square magnet is adsorbed on the surface of the measured object due to the magnetic force, and the force is transmitted to the spring piece through the countersunk head bolt, and the spring piece is pressed on the step of the T-shaped slot and deformed to fix the left magnet fixing block on the surface of the measured object . The force provided by the left magnet fixing block, spring leaf and square magnet to the left plexiglass wedge makes the left ultrasonic device stably fixed on the surface of the measured object and achieves a stable coupling between the boss and the surface of the measured object state. 6. The ultrasonic stress detection probe device adapting to different curved surfaces according to claim 1-5, characterized in that, the left and right sides of the central block are respectively provided with arc structures engraved with angle tables, which are connected with the left plexiglass wedge and the right The curved grooves on the side plexiglass wedges cooperate to show the angle of rotation of the left and right plexiglass wedges.