CN106848051B - Mechanical energy collecting device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mechanical energy collecting device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106848051B CN106848051B CN201611207971.9A CN201611207971A CN106848051B CN 106848051 B CN106848051 B CN 106848051B CN 201611207971 A CN201611207971 A CN 201611207971A CN 106848051 B CN106848051 B CN 106848051B
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- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical energy collecting device and a preparation method thereof, and the mechanical energy collecting device comprises a first electrode, an electret film, an elastic layer and a second electrode which are sequentially stacked, wherein the electret film is an electret film subjected to polarization treatment, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in an insulating manner. In the mechanical energy collecting device, the electret film with permanent charges is placed between the two electrodes, so that corresponding charges are induced on the two electrodes. The electret film is deformed by applying a pressure, a bending force or a stretching force to the electret film, so that a varying voltage is generated between the two electrodes. An elastic layer is additionally arranged between the two electrodes, so that the deformation quantity of the mechanical energy acquisition device is increased under the action of external force, and the output power of the mechanical energy acquisition device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy collectors, in particular to a mechanical energy collecting device and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, research and development and application of energy collection are rapidly developed, and an energy collection device for converting mechanical energy into electric energy is widely applied to the fields of electronics and portable products. The current mechanical energy collector is mainly manufactured by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction or piezoelectric effect. Compared with an energy collector manufactured by utilizing electromagnetic induction, the energy collector manufactured by utilizing the piezoelectric effect has the advantages of small size, simple structure and the like. However, the conventional energy harvester manufactured by utilizing the piezoelectric effect has low output power and is limited in application.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a mechanical energy harvesting device with high output power to solve the problem of low output power of an energy harvester made by using the piezoelectric effect.
The utility model provides a mechanical energy collection system, is including the first electrode, electret film, elastic layer and the second electrode that stack gradually, wherein, the electret film is the electret film through polarization treatment, first electrode with the second electrode is insulating to be set up.
In one embodiment, the mechanical energy collection device further comprises a first insulating film and a second insulating film which are oppositely arranged, the first electrode is arranged on the first insulating film, and the second electrode is arranged on the second insulating film.
In one embodiment, the mechanical energy acquisition device further comprises a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode which are arranged in an insulating manner; the first extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film, and one end of the first extraction electrode is electrically connected with the first electrode; one end of the second extraction electrode is electrically connected with the second electrode, and the other end of the second extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film.
In one embodiment, the mechanical energy collection device further comprises a third insulating film, and the third insulating film is positioned on the side surface of the mechanical energy collection device; a part of the second extraction electrode is provided on the third insulating film, and the third insulating film is used to protect the second extraction electrode.
In one embodiment, the mechanical energy collection device further comprises a terminal connected to the first insulating film, and an end of the first extraction electrode away from the first electrode and an end of the second extraction electrode away from the second electrode both converge at the terminal.
In one embodiment, a surface of the electret film near the first electrode is provided with a metal layer.
A preparation method of a mechanical energy acquisition device comprises the following operations:
providing an elastic layer and an electret film;
carrying out polarization treatment on the electret film; and
and placing the electret film and the elastic layer between a first electrode and a second electrode which are oppositely arranged to obtain the mechanical energy acquisition device, wherein the first electrode is connected with the electret film, and the second electrode is connected with the elastic layer.
In one embodiment, the operation of placing the electret film and the elastic layer between a first electrode and a second electrode which are oppositely arranged comprises:
providing a first insulating film, a second insulating film and a third insulating film, wherein the first insulating film and the second insulating film are connected through the third insulating film;
printing the first electrode on the first insulating film, and printing the second electrode on the second insulating film;
printing the first lead-out electrode on the first insulating film, wherein one end of the first lead-out electrode is electrically connected with the first electrode, printing a second lead-out electrode on the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film, one end of the second lead-out electrode is electrically connected with the second electrode, part of the second lead-out electrode is arranged on the third insulating film, and the other end of the second lead-out electrode is arranged on the first insulating film;
folding the third insulating film in half to form the first electrode and the second electrode which are oppositely arranged;
placing the electret film and the elastic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode which are oppositely arranged.
In one embodiment, the operation of providing the first and second electrodes in an opposing arrangement further comprises: and forming a terminal on one side surface of the first insulating film, wherein an end of the first lead-out electrode away from the first electrode and an end of the second lead-out electrode away from the second electrode are merged to the terminal.
In one embodiment, the step of polarizing the electret film comprises:
forming a metal layer on one surface of the electret film;
and carrying out high-voltage corona polarization on the electret film with the metal layer.
In the mechanical energy collecting device, the electret film with permanent charges is placed between the two electrodes, so that corresponding charges are induced on the two electrodes. The mechanical energy collecting device is deformed by applying pressure, bending force or stretching force, so that a variable voltage is generated between the two electrodes. An elastic layer is arranged between the two electrodes, so that the deformation of the mechanical energy acquisition device is increased under the action of external force, and the output power of the mechanical energy acquisition device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical energy collection device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a deployed electrode layout of the mechanical energy harvesting device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a mechanical energy harvesting device;
FIG. 4 is a deployed electrode layout of the mechanical energy harvesting device shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a mechanical energy collection device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The mechanical energy collection device 10 of one embodiment shown in fig. 1 includes a first electrode 111, a second electrode 113, an electret film 120, and an elastic layer 130. The first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113 are provided in an insulating manner, the electret film 120 and the elastic layer 130 are laminated between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113, the electret film 120 is adjacent to the first electrode 111, and the elastic layer 130 is adjacent to the second electrode 113.
Among them, the electret film 120 is an electret film subjected to polarization treatment. The electret film 120 is usually in a thickness of tens of microns to a hundred microns, and is mainly made of polypropylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene film, and the like. The output power of mechanical energy collected by the electret may be increased compared to the output power of mechanical energy collected by a pressure sensitive device. The electret film 120 is a solid dielectric with a persistent property, and the electret film 120 will have a permanent charge after polarization. May be that
The elastic layer 130 is preferably made of a soft, elastic and compressible material such as porous sponge, foam or rubber, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The thickness is generally 1mm to 10 mm. The elastic property of the elastic layer 130 can increase the deformation amount of the mechanical energy collection device 10 when stressed, and can automatically recover when not stressed, thereby improving the output power of the mechanical energy collection device 10. If the elastic layer 130 is made of a soft elastic material with a large compression amount, the output of the mechanical energy collection device 10 can be further increased.
Before the electret film 120 is polarized, a metal layer 140 is usually plated on one surface of the electret film 120, or a metal layer 140 is directly attached to one surface of the electret film 120. The electret film 120 is then high voltage corona polarized. During polarization, because there is smooth metal level 140 on the one side of electret film 120, therefore when applying the electric field to electret film 120, the arranging of electric field line can be in parallel and even state for after the polarization, the one side that electret film 120 kept away from metal level 140 forms electrified even polarization face, makes mechanical energy collection system after, can improve mechanical energy collection system's output. The thickness of the metal layer is generally 0.1 μm to 0.5 mm.
When the electret film 120 is laminated, one surface of the metal layer 140 faces the first electrode 111, and the other surface of the metal layer 140 faces the second electrode 113 and is connected to the elastic layer 130.
In the present embodiment, the mechanical energy collection device 10 further includes a first insulating film 151, a second insulating film 153, and a third insulating film 155. The first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153 are disposed opposite to each other. The first electrode 111 is disposed on the first insulating film 151, and the second electrode 113 is disposed on the second insulating film 153.
The material of the first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153 is polyethylene terephthalate, the thickness is usually 0.05mm to 1mm, and the surfaces of the first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153 can be printed with a circuit and coated with glue.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the mechanical energy collection device 10 further includes a first extraction electrode 161 and a second extraction electrode 163. The first extraction electrode 161 is provided on the first insulating film 151, and one end of the first extraction electrode 161 is electrically connected to the first electrode 111. One end of the second extraction electrode 163 is electrically connected to the second electrode 113, and the other end of the second extraction electrode 163 is disposed on the first insulating film 151. The second extraction electrode 163 is partially located at the side of the mechanical energy collection device 10 and is insulated from the first electrode 111.
The third insulating film 155 is located at the side of the mechanical energy collection device 10. A portion of the second extraction electrode 163 located at the side of the mechanical energy harvesting device 10 is disposed on the third insulating film 155, and the third insulating film 155 serves to protect the second extraction electrode 163.
The deployed arrangement of the electrodes is shown in figure 2. The first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153 are connected through a third insulating film 155. The first electrode 111 is provided on the first insulating film 151, the second electrode 113 is provided on the second insulating film 153, and the first lead electrode 161 is provided on the first insulating film 151. The second lead electrode 163 is disposed on the first insulating film 151, the second insulating film 153, and the third insulating film 155 by routing. The second lead electrode 163 is led out from the end of the second electrode 113 near the third insulating film 155, passes through the third insulating film 155, and is disposed on the first insulating film 151 around the first electrode 111. One end of the second extraction electrode 163 is provided on the first insulating film 151, and the other end is connected to one end of the second electrode 113 near the third insulating film 155. The first lead electrode 161 and the second lead electrode 163 are provided in an insulating manner, and the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113 are provided in an insulating manner.
In another embodiment, the second extraction electrode 163 may be extracted from another portion of the second electrode 113.
In another embodiment, after the second extraction electrode 163 is surrounded by the third insulating film 155, one end of the second extraction electrode 163 may be disposed on the first insulating film 151.
After folding the third insulating film 155 in half, the first insulating film 151 is located at the upper portion of the mechanical energy collection device 10, the second insulating film 153 is located at the lower portion of the mechanical energy collection device 10, and the third insulating film 155 is located at the side of the mechanical energy collection device.
Preferably, the first electrode 111, the metal layer 140, the electret film 120, the elastic layer 130, and the second electrode 113 each have a size smaller than that of the first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153. The first electrode 111, the metal layer 140, the electret film 120, the elastic layer 130 and the second electrode 113 are placed in the middle of the first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153, and the edges of the first insulating film 151 and the second insulating film 153 are connected through hot melt bonding or glue bonding, so that the first electrode 111, the metal layer 140, the electret film 120, the elastic layer 130 and the second electrode 113 are wrapped by the first insulating film 151, the second insulating film 153 and the third insulating film 155, and the waterproof and dustproof purposes of the mechanical energy collecting device 10 can be achieved.
The mechanical energy acquisition device in the embodiment can be applied to wearable equipment and can bear the large pressure of a human body. Especially applied to foot devices to collect mechanical energy of plantar pressure or collect mechanical energy of bending and stretching integrated with textiles such as clothes and the like.
In the mechanical energy collecting device, the electret film with permanent charges is placed between the two electrodes, so that corresponding charges are induced on the two electrodes. The mechanical energy collecting device is deformed by applying pressure, bending force or stretching force, so that a variable voltage is generated between the two electrodes. An elastic layer is arranged between the two electrodes, so that the deformation of the mechanical energy acquisition device is increased under the action of external force, and the output power of the mechanical energy acquisition device is improved.
The mechanical energy collection device 20 in another embodiment shown in fig. 3 and 4 includes a first electrode 211, a second electrode 213, an electret film 220, an elastic layer 230, a metal layer 240, a first insulating film 251, a second insulating film 253, and a third insulating film 255. The above structure is the same as the mechanical energy harvesting device 10.
The mechanical energy harvesting device 20 further includes a first extraction electrode 261, a second extraction electrode 263, and a terminal 270. The terminal 270 is connected to the first insulating film 251, and an end of the first lead-out electrode 261 remote from the first electrode 211 and an end of the second lead-out electrode 263 remote from the second electrode 213 are merged at the terminal 270.
In order to increase the strength of the terminal 270, a reinforcing sheet may be added to the terminal 270 to form an FPC terminal. The size and thickness of the terminal 270, the spacing between the first extraction electrode 261 and the second extraction electrode 263, etc. are standardized, which allows the mechanical energy collection device 20 to be connected to a standard connector. The terminal 270 is reinforced by silver plating, so that the number of times of insertion and removal of the terminal 270 can be increased and the contact resistance can be reduced. The partial lines of the first and second lead electrodes 261 and 263, which are joined to the terminal 270, may be printed with an insulating varnish to prevent a short circuit.
The terminal 270 can be designed as required, if need positive and negative all have corresponding tie points, can realize through the via hole, can adopt the connector in a flexible way like this, convenient lectotype and general.
Further, a nano waterproof material may be added on the exposed portion of the line of the first extraction electrode 261 and the second extraction electrode 263, so as to implement a waterproof design of the mechanical energy collection device 20.
The mechanical energy acquisition device in the embodiment can be applied to wearable equipment and can bear the large pressure of a human body. Especially applied to foot devices to collect mechanical energy of plantar pressure or collect mechanical energy of bending and stretching integrated with textiles such as clothes and the like.
In the mechanical energy collecting device, the electret film with permanent charges is placed between the two electrodes, so that corresponding charges are induced on the two electrodes. The mechanical energy collecting device is deformed by applying pressure, bending force or stretching force, so that a variable voltage is generated between the two electrodes. An elastic layer is arranged between the two electrodes, so that the deformation of the mechanical energy acquisition device is increased under the action of external force, and the output power of the mechanical energy acquisition device is improved.
The method for manufacturing the mechanical energy collection device in one embodiment of fig. 5 includes the following operations.
And S110, providing an elastic layer and an electret film.
The elastic layer and the electret film are provided and cut to the desired dimensions as desired.
Wherein, the electret film is subjected to polarization treatment. Electret films are typically tens to one hundred microns thick and are predominantly polypropylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene films, and the like.
The elastic layer is preferably made of soft, elastic and compressible material such as porous sponge, foam or rubber, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The thickness is generally 1mm to 10 mm.
And S120, carrying out polarization treatment on the electret film.
And forming a metal layer on one surface of the electret film by adopting an electroplating or attaching method. The thickness of the metal layer is generally 0.1 μm to 0.5 mm. And then carrying out high-voltage corona polarization on the electret film with the metal layer. The specific operation of high-voltage corona polarization is that a direct-current voltage of more than thousands of volts is applied to a discharge needle, the air around the discharge needle is obviously punctured due to the action of a strong electric field, a corona discharge phenomenon occurs, an electret material to be polarized is placed on a metal plate of a polarization table, a metal plating layer of the electret material is in contact with the metal plate of the polarization table, the discharge needle vertically centers the electret material, and the electret material facing the surface of the discharge needle is injected with corresponding charges. In order to obtain a uniform polarization effect, a uniform electric field is usually applied above and below the electret material, and a voltage of several hundred volts is usually applied to form the electric field.
During polarization, because there is smooth metal level in the one side of electret film, therefore when applying the electric field to the electret film, arranging of electric field line can be in parallel and even state for after the polarization, the one side that the metal level was kept away from to the electret film forms electrified even polarization face, makes mechanical energy collection system after, can improve mechanical energy collection system's output.
S130, placing the electret film and the elastic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode which are oppositely arranged to obtain the mechanical energy collecting device.
A first insulating film, a second insulating film, and a third insulating film are provided. The first insulating film and the second insulating film are connected through a third insulating film.
And cutting the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film according to different size requirements. A conductive material is printed on the first insulating film to form a first electrode, and a conductive material is printed on the second insulating film to form a second electrode. The conductive material mainly comprises conductive silver paste or conductive ink. The size of the first electrode is smaller than that of the first insulating film, and the size of the second electrode is smaller than that of the second insulating film. The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in an insulated manner.
A terminal is formed on the edge of the first insulating film as a final output terminal, and a reinforcing sheet may be attached as necessary.
And printing a first extraction electrode on the first insulating film, wherein one end of the first extraction electrode is electrically connected with the first electrode. And printing a second extraction electrode on the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film, wherein one end of the second extraction electrode is electrically connected with the second electrode, and the other end of the second extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film through wiring. The first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode are arranged in an insulating mode.
One end of the first extraction electrode far away from the first electrode and one end of the second extraction electrode far away from the second electrode are converged to the terminal. The size and the thickness of the terminal, the distance between the first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode and the like are designed according to standardization, so that the mechanical energy acquisition device can be connected with a standard connector. The terminals are reinforced by silver plating, so that the plugging times of the terminals can be increased and the contact resistance can be reduced. The partial lines of the first and second lead electrodes joined to the terminal may be printed with an insulating varnish to prevent short-circuiting. The terminal can be designed as required, if need positive and negative all have corresponding connection electricity, can realize through the via hole, can adopt the connector in a flexible way like this, convenient lectotype and general. Furthermore, a nanometer waterproof material can be added on the partial line where the first extraction electrode and the second extraction electrode leak, so that the waterproof design of the mechanical energy collecting device is realized.
And folding the third insulating film in half to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be oppositely arranged.
An electret film containing a metal layer and an elastic layer are placed between a first electrode and a second electrode which are oppositely arranged. The electret film is connected with the first electrode on the surface facing the metal layer, the surface far away from the metal layer, namely the polarization surface, is connected with the elastic layer, and the elastic layer is connected with the second electrode.
By cutting, the size of the electret film and the size of the elastic layer are both smaller than the first insulating film and the second insulating film. After the electret film and the elastic layer are placed, the electret film and the elastic layer are arranged in the middle of the first insulating film and the second insulating film. And (3) bonding the edges of the first insulating film and the second insulating film through hot melting or printing glue on the inner surfaces of the edges of the first insulating film and the second insulating film and then bonding the edges. After treatment, the first electrode, the metal layer, the electret film, the elastic layer and the second electrode are wrapped by the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film, and the waterproof and dustproof purposes of the mechanical energy collecting device can be achieved.
The preparation method of the mechanical energy acquisition device is simple and low in cost. The mechanical energy acquisition device prepared by the preparation method of the mechanical energy acquisition device is characterized in that the electret film with permanent charges is placed between two electrodes, so that corresponding charges are induced on the two electrodes. The mechanical energy collecting device is deformed by applying pressure, bending force or stretching force, so that a variable voltage is generated between the two electrodes. An elastic layer is arranged between the two electrodes, so that the deformation of the mechanical energy acquisition device is increased under the action of external force, and the output power of the mechanical energy acquisition device is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A mechanical energy collecting device is characterized by comprising a first electrode, an electret film, an elastic layer and a second electrode which are sequentially stacked, wherein the electret film is subjected to polarization treatment, and a metal layer is arranged on one surface close to the first electrode; the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in an insulating way;
the mechanical energy acquisition device further comprises a first insulating film and a second insulating film which are oppositely arranged, the first electrode is arranged on the first insulating film, and the second electrode is arranged on the second insulating film;
the mechanical energy acquisition device also comprises a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode which are arranged in an insulating way; the first extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film, and one end of the first extraction electrode is electrically connected with the first electrode; one end of the second extraction electrode is electrically connected with the second electrode, and the other end of the second extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film;
the mechanical energy acquisition device further comprises a third insulating film, and the third insulating film is positioned on the side surface of the mechanical energy acquisition device; a part of the second extraction electrode is arranged on the third insulating film;
the second extraction electrode is arranged on the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film through wiring;
the mechanical energy acquisition device further comprises a terminal, the terminal is connected with the first insulating film, and one end, far away from the first electrode, of the first leading-out electrode and one end, far away from the second electrode, of the second leading-out electrode are both converged at the terminal.
2. The mechanical energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the third insulating film is configured to protect the second extraction electrode.
3. A method for manufacturing a mechanical energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises the following operations:
providing an elastic layer and an electret film;
carrying out polarization treatment on the electret film; and
and placing the electret film and the elastic layer between a first electrode and a second electrode which are oppositely arranged to obtain the mechanical energy acquisition device, wherein the first electrode is connected with the electret film, and the second electrode is connected with the elastic layer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the operation of placing the electret film and the elastic layer between first and second oppositely disposed electrodes comprises:
providing a first insulating film, a second insulating film and a third insulating film, wherein the first insulating film and the second insulating film are connected through the third insulating film;
printing the first electrode on the first insulating film, and printing the second electrode on the second insulating film;
printing the first lead-out electrode on the first insulating film, wherein one end of the first lead-out electrode is electrically connected with the first electrode, printing a second lead-out electrode on the first insulating film, the second insulating film and the third insulating film, one end of the second lead-out electrode is electrically connected with the second electrode, part of the second lead-out electrode is arranged on the third insulating film, and the other end of the second lead-out electrode is arranged on the first insulating film;
folding the third insulating film in half to form the first electrode and the second electrode which are oppositely arranged;
placing the electret film and the elastic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode which are oppositely arranged.
5. The method of manufacturing a mechanical energy harvesting device of claim 4, wherein the operation of providing the first and second electrodes in an opposing arrangement further comprises: and forming a terminal on one side surface of the first insulating film, wherein an end of the first lead-out electrode away from the first electrode and an end of the second lead-out electrode away from the second electrode are merged to the terminal.
6. The method for manufacturing a mechanical energy collection device according to claim 3, wherein the step of polarizing the electret film comprises:
forming a metal layer on one surface of the electret film;
and carrying out high-voltage corona polarization on the electret film with the metal layer.
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| CN110285841A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-09-27 | 西安交通大学 | Bipolar electret composite structure with piezoelectric-like properties and its sensing and actuation methods |
| CN110995052B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-03-12 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Self-driven sensor |
| CN111081164B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2025-01-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Passive electronic guidance device based on energy harvester |
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