CN106837286A - A kind of top oil-gas Layer fracturing technology for the abundant fracturing reform of thick sand body - Google Patents
A kind of top oil-gas Layer fracturing technology for the abundant fracturing reform of thick sand body Download PDFInfo
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- CN106837286A CN106837286A CN201710179531.5A CN201710179531A CN106837286A CN 106837286 A CN106837286 A CN 106837286A CN 201710179531 A CN201710179531 A CN 201710179531A CN 106837286 A CN106837286 A CN 106837286A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of fracturing technology for the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, before pressing crack construction operation, perforation is carried out to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；Fracturing work is carried out after perforation, pad stage injection thin fluid makes formation fracture and forms man-made fracture；The load fluid stage 1 carries high density proppants using thin fluid, and man-made fracture is carried the proppant into using huge discharge；Small displacement injected clear water serves as insulating liquid, recycles the natural subsidence of high density proppants and it is filled sand body bottom；The viscous pill of load fluid stage 2 carries low-density propping agent and carries out secondary sand adding, brings low-density propping agent into man-made fracture, and man-made fracture top is filled；Pressing crack construction terminates, and forces the quick open flow of crack closure.This invention ensures that effective support of proppant oil-gas Layer at the top of sand body, can effectively improve the improved yield of well, the effective transformation to thick sand body tip position oil-gas Layer is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fracturing reform technical field of operation used in oil exploitation, and in particular to one kind is for thick sand
The top oil-gas Layer fracturing technology of the abundant fracturing reform of body.
Background technology
With further going deep into for China's low permeability oil and gas field exploration and development, large quantities of hypotonic-ultra-low penetration oil gas fields enter
Scale development stage, fracture technology has become the agent technology of such reservoir exploration and development.For more than 20 meters
Hyposmosis shape thickness sand body oil-gas Layer, be typically due to oil and gas and water it is different the reason for, oil-gas Layer is located at the top of thick sand body.At present generally
Fracturing process be large-scale redevelopment, so as to cause fracture height longitudinal direction excessively extend, cause effective fracture length to cross section,
So as to influence fracturing transformation effect.
Sand body top, the development of sand body middle and lower part are located at currently for hyposmosis shape thickness sand body oil-gas Layer, especially oil-gas Layer
Dried layer or aqueous oil-gas Layer or oil-containing Gas-Water Contant, fracturing reform generally existing problems with：
First, sand thickness is big, and oil-gas Layer is located at sand body top, and dried layer is developed in transformation process due to proppant in sand body middle and lower part
Sedimentation, is largely filled in the bottom of sand body, causes top oil-gas Layer to have no or only minimal amount of proppant and forms effectively support,
Have a strong impact on the correctional effect of sand body top oil-gas Layer；
2nd, for sand body top development oil-gas Layer, water saturation aqueous oil-gas Layer higher is developed or containing oil and gas in sand body bottom
Water layer, proppant is settled down to the bottom of sand body, and having no or only minimal amount of proppant to sand body top oil-gas Layer forms effectively
Support, causes top oil-gas Layer to transform insufficient, and water outlet or moisture content are higher after pressure.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome conventional shape thickness sand body top oil-gas Layer in fracturing process due to the sedimentation of proppant,
Proppant is caused in the deposition of sand body bottom, causes the invalid support of sand body top oil-gas Layer, and then make transformation insufficient or not
The problem of transformation.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of fracturing technology for the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, including
Following steps：
Step one, perforation is carried out to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
Step 2, fracturing work is carried out after perforation to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
（1）The note pad stage of fracturing work, by eyelet to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer infusion thin fluid, makes formation fracture
And form man-made fracture；
（2）After having noted prepad fluid, note load fluid is carried out, high density proppants are first carried using thin fluid, and using big infusion row
Amount carries the proppant into man-made fracture；
（3）Using small infusion discharge capacity to injected clear water insulating liquid in man-made fracture；
（4）Carrying low-density propping agent using viscous pill carries out secondary sand adding, brings proppant infusion into man-made fracture, fills people
Work crack top；
Step 3, fracturing work terminates, closing well, forces crack closure and open flow.
The oil-gas Layer at the top of thickness sand body of perforating site described in step one, when thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is less than 5 meters,
Perforation thickness is 3~5 meters；When thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is 5~10 meters, perforation thickness is in the oil-gas Layer of thick sand body top
3~5 meters of portion.
Step 2（1）Described infusion thin fluid is that to use infusion discharge capacity be 1.6~2.4m3/ min carries out infusion, step
Two（1）With（2）The viscosity of described thin fluid is low viscosity fracturing fluid of the viscosity less than 10cp.
Step 2（2）Described high density proppants are that bulk density is more than 1.8g/m3, apparent density is more than 3.35g/m3's
Ceramsite propping agent, big infusion discharge capacity is 3.0~3.5m3/min。
Step 2（3）Described small infusion discharge capacity is 0.8~1.2m3/ min, the infusion time is 20min.
Step 2（4）Described viscous pill is the high viscosity fracturing fluid of 90~110cp of viscosity, and low-density propping agent is volume
Density is less than 1.65g/m3, apparent density is less than 2.60g/m3Quartz sand proppant, infusion discharge capacity be 1.6~2.4m3/min。
The pressure crack closure is that pressure break terminates rear 10min and starts open flow discharge opeing.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：This fracturing work for thick sand body top oil-gas Layer that the present invention is provided passes through work
The innovation of skill, it is to avoid conventional such shape thickness sand body top oil-gas Layer due to the sedimentation of proppant, causes branch in fracturing process
Support agent causes the invalid support of sand body top oil-gas Layer in the deposition of sand body bottom, transforms insufficient or does not transform.The present invention exists
Selected by the adjustment to different phase fracturing fluid property and proppant type during fracturing work, by different densities branch
The change of sinking speed of the support agent in different performance fracturing fluid, realizes support of the high density proppants to sand body bottom first,
Secondly with reference to forcing crack closure technology to realize effective support of the low-density propping agent to sand body top oil-gas Layer, reach to sand body
Effective transformation purpose of top oil-gas Layer.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Present embodiments provide a kind of fracturing technology for the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, including following step
Suddenly：
Step one, perforation is carried out to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
Step 2, fracturing work is carried out after perforation to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
（1）The note pad stage of fracturing work, by eyelet to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer infusion thin fluid, makes formation fracture
And form man-made fracture；
（2）After having noted prepad fluid, note load fluid is carried out, high density proppants are first carried using thin fluid, and using big infusion row
Amount carries the proppant into man-made fracture；
（3）Using small infusion discharge capacity to injected clear water insulating liquid in man-made fracture；
（4）Carrying low-density propping agent using viscous pill carries out secondary sand adding, brings proppant infusion into man-made fracture, fills people
Work crack top；
Step 3, fracturing work terminates, closing well, forces crack closure and open flow.
Step 2 in the present embodiment（2）High density proppants are carried using thin fluid,（4）Low-density is carried using viscous pill
Proppant, uses the difference of fracturing fluid viscosity for more than, and the present embodiment has carried out the experiment of proppant settlement rate, experiment
Data are as follows：
| Viscosity mPa s | 20/40 ceramsite propping agent static state rate of settling cm/min | 20/40 quartz sand proppant static state rate of settling cm/min |
| 9.61 | 1.87 | 1.31 |
| 100 | 0.084 | 0.076 |
As seen from the above table, during fracturing work, the present embodiment is adjusted and selects to different phase fracturing fluid property
Different proppant types, by the change of sinking speed of the different densities proppant in different performance fracturing fluid, first in fact
Existing support of the high density proppants to sand body bottom, secondly realizes low-density propping agent to sand body with reference to pressure crack closure technology
Effective support of top oil-gas Layer, reaches the effective transformation purpose to sand body top oil-gas Layer.
Embodiment 2：
On the basis of embodiment 1, perforation refers to carry out normal cable perforation, and perforating site selects thick sand according to oil-gas Layer position
The top of body, perforation thickness is adjusted according to oil-gas Layer thickness, and perforating site described in step one is near thickness sand body top oil gas
Layer, when thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is less than 5 meters, perforation thickness is 3~5 meters；Thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is 5~10
Meter Shi, perforation thickness is 3~5 meters of thick sand body top oil-gas Layer top.
Embodiment 3：
On the basis of embodiment 1, step 2（1）Described infusion thin fluid is that to use infusion discharge capacity be 1.6~2.4m3/min
Infusion is carried out, step 2（1）With（2）The viscosity of described thin fluid is low viscosity fracturing fluid of the viscosity less than 10cp.
In the present embodiment, thin fluid refers to low viscosity fracturing fluid, and the thin fluid is realized by reducing fracturing fluid gelatinizer concentration, pressure break
Liquid is conventional fracturing fluid.
Embodiment 4：
On the basis of embodiment 1, step 2（2）Described high density proppants are that bulk density is more than 1.8g/m3, apparent density
More than 3.35g/m3Ceramsite propping agent, big infusion discharge capacity is 3.0~3.5m3/min.Thin fluid is by reducing fracturing fluid gelatinizer
Concentration is realized.
Embodiment 5：
On the basis of embodiment 1, step 2（3）Described small infusion discharge capacity is 0.8~1.2m3/ min, the infusion time is
20min, it is ensured that fracture open, haydite can natural subsidence filled to sand body bottom and to it.
Embodiment 6：
On the basis of embodiment 1, step 2（4）Described viscous pill is the high viscosity fracturing fluid of 90~110cp of viscosity, low close
Degree proppant is that bulk density is less than 1.65g/m3, apparent density is less than 2.60g/m3Quartz sand proppant, infusion discharge capacity be 1.6
~2.4m3/ min, viscous pill is realized by increasing fracturing fluid gelatinizer concentration in the present embodiment, and fracturing fluid is conventional fracturing fluid,
The low-density of viscous and proppant using the height of fracturing fluid, it is ensured that low-density propping agent man-made fracture in the oil-gas Layer of sand body top
Support.
Embodiment 7：
On the basis of embodiment 1, the pressure crack closure is that pressure break terminates rear 10min and starts open flow discharge opeing, shortens artificial
Fracture closure times, it is ensured that effective support of low-density propping agent oil-gas Layer at the top of shape thickness sand body.
The fracturing technology that the present invention is provided is before pressing crack construction operation, to carry out perforation, and perforating site is located at thick sand body top
Portion's oil-gas Layer；Fracturing work, pad stage injection thin fluid are carried out after perforation（Viscosity is less than 10cp）Make formation fracture and shape
Into man-made fracture；The load fluid stage 1 carries high density proppants using thin fluid, is carried the proppant into using huge discharge and manually split
Seam；Small displacement injected clear water, it is ensured that fracture open, makes it fill sand body bottom using the natural subsidence of high density proppants
Fill out；The viscous pill of load fluid stage 2 carries low-density propping agent and carries out secondary sand adding, brings low-density propping agent into man-made fracture,
Man-made fracture top is filled；Pressing crack construction terminates, and forces the quick open flow of crack closure, it is ensured that low-density propping agent is in thickness
Effective support of shape sand body top oil-gas Layer.Such reservoir routine pressure break way is contrasted, this invention ensures that proppant is in sand body
Effective support of top oil-gas Layer, can effectively improve the improved yield of well, realize to thick sand body tip position oil-gas Layer
Effective transformation.
It is exemplified as above be only to of the invention for example, do not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, it is all
It is that design same or analogous with the present invention is belonged within protection scope of the present invention.The portion that the present embodiment is not described in detail
Part and structure belong to the well-known components and common structure or conventional means of the industry, do not describe one by one here.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of for thick sand body top the abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer fracturing technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, perforation is carried out to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
Step 2, fracturing work is carried out after perforation to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer；
（1）The note pad stage of fracturing work, by eyelet to thick sand body top oil-gas Layer infusion thin fluid, makes formation fracture
And form man-made fracture；
（2）After having noted prepad fluid, note load fluid is carried out, high density proppants are first carried using thin fluid, and using big infusion row
Amount carries the proppant into man-made fracture；
（3）Insulating liquid is served as to injected clear water in man-made fracture using small infusion discharge capacity；
（4）Carrying low-density propping agent using viscous pill carries out secondary sand adding, brings proppant infusion into man-made fracture, fills people
Work crack top；
Step 3, fracturing work terminates, closing well, forces crack closure and open flow.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
Perforating site described in step one is near thickness sand body top oil-gas Layer, when thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is less than 5 meters, perforation thickness
It is 3~5 meters；When thick sand body top oil-gas Layer thickness is 5~10 meters, perforation thickness is thick sand body top oil-gas Layer top 3~5
Rice.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
Step 2（1）Described infusion thin fluid is that to use infusion discharge capacity be 1.6~2.4m3/ min carries out infusion, step 2（1）With
（2）The viscosity of described thin fluid is low viscosity fracturing fluid of the viscosity less than 10cp.
4. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
Step 2（2）Described high density proppants are that bulk density is more than 1.8g/m3, apparent density is more than 3.35g/m3Haydite support
Agent, big infusion discharge capacity is 3.0~3.5m3/min。
5. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
Step 2（3）Described small infusion discharge capacity is 0.8~1.2m3/ min, the infusion time is 20min.
6. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
Step 2（4）Described viscous pill is the high viscosity fracturing fluid of 90~110cp of viscosity, and low-density propping agent is that bulk density is less than
1.65g/m3, apparent density is less than 2.60g/m3Quartz sand proppant, infusion discharge capacity be 1.6~2.4m3/min。
7. as claimed in claim 1 for the fracturing technology of the thick sand body top abundant fracturing reform of oil-gas Layer, it is characterised in that：
The pressure crack closure is that pressure break terminates rear 10min and starts open flow discharge opeing.
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| CN201710179531.5A CN106837286B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Top oil-gas layer fracturing process for full fracturing transformation of thick sand body |
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| CN201710179531.5A CN106837286B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Top oil-gas layer fracturing process for full fracturing transformation of thick sand body |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109424347A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of normal pressure deep layer shale gas volume fracturing method |
| CN109723420A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of combinated seam network pressure cracking method that high grey matter densification oil-gas reservoir is transformed |
| CN110094193A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method of clastic rock buried hill inside curtain reservoir |
| CN113775322A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for improving gravel penetration rate of conglomerate and conglomerate reservoir |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109424347A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of normal pressure deep layer shale gas volume fracturing method |
| CN109424347B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-02-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Atmospheric deep shale gas accumulation fracturing method |
| CN109723420A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of combinated seam network pressure cracking method that high grey matter densification oil-gas reservoir is transformed |
| CN110094193A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method of clastic rock buried hill inside curtain reservoir |
| CN110094193B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-07-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method of clastic rock buried hill inside curtain reservoir |
| CN113775322A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for improving gravel penetration rate of conglomerate and conglomerate reservoir |
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| CN106837286B (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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