CN106826646A - torque amplifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a torque multiplying ratchet device having a handle extending from a ratchet head. The ratchet head includes a hollow inner cavity and a set of end drive wheels disposed in the hollow inner cavity, and includes a direction selection mechanism operably connected to the set of end drive wheels to select a rotation direction and a sleeve engagement portion, the sleeve engagement portion is connected to a second face of the lower drive wheel and is positioned to extend from the hollow inner cavity to removably receive a sleeve.

Description

torque amplifier

This application is a divisional application with the application number 201510187767.4, the application date is December 1, 2009, and the invention name is "torque amplification device". The above-mentioned parent application is also a divisional application with the application number 200910246904.1, the application date is December 1, 2009, and the invention name is "torque amplification device".

technical field

The present invention generally relates to the field of ratchet transmissions for screwing screws, bolts, nuts, etc., and more particularly to reversible ratchet gear transmissions.

Background technique

Without limiting the scope of the invention, the background of the invention is described in connection with gears for tools and other implements.

US Patent No. 7,413,065 discloses a ratchet mechanism for hand tools, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The mechanism includes a housing having a central opening and a pair of slots on opposite sides of the central opening. Each slot has an arcuate end opposite the central opening or a circular end defining an arc of more than 180 degrees to pivotally retain a generally circular shank of a pawl therein . With a pair of biasing members provided in the housing, each pawl is biased inwardly toward the central opening and engages teeth on an outer surface of a gear rotatably disposed within the central opening. A cover pivotally connected to the pawls and the housing above the central opening selectively disengages one of the pawls to allow the gear to rotate in a particular direction within the central opening.

US Pat. No. 7,409,884, the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a torque transmitting mechanism that connects an input shaft to an output shaft to transmit rotation and torque in either direction from the input shaft to the output shaft. The torque transmitting mechanism also inhibits the transmission of rotation and torque in at least one direction from the output shaft to the input shaft.

For example, US Pat. No. 7,347,124, the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a transmission tool kit comprising a shaft having a longitudinal axis with a driving end and a driven end. The driven end of the shaft is flexible relative to the driving end of the shaft to allow displacement of the driven end of the shaft in an arcuate path relative to the driving end of the shaft. A torque transmitting mechanism is drivingly connected to the driven end of the shaft.

US Patent No. 4,730,960 discloses a flexible sleeve extension structure, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The extension structure includes a pair of end caps connected by a flexible cord, one of the end caps engaging a female fitting such as a sleeve.

US Pat. No. 4,680,994 discloses a quick socket wrench, which significantly reduces the workload required to remove nuts or bolts. The content of the above patent is incorporated herein by reference. The wrench includes a bevel gear and a matching bevel pinion, which are installed on the gear shaft and the pinion shaft respectively, wherein the outer end of the pinion shaft is provided with a transmission shaft. A locking cap is located on the outer end of the drive shaft for releasably locking the drive shaft against rotation. The gears of the wrench rotate freely in either direction, and the gear ratio and gear size can vary with the size of the wrench.

Another example includes the continuously variable transmission disclosed in US Pat. No. 7,419,451 for use in machines and vehicles that apply power either rotationally or linearly. The transmission can be used in vehicles such as automobiles, motorcycles and bicycles. The transmission can be driven by a power transmission mechanism such as a sprocket, gear, pulley or lever, and can optionally drive a one-way clutch installed on one end of the main shaft.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a transmission wheel set for torque transmission. The drive wheel set includes one or more intermediate drive wheels positioned between the upper drive wheel and the lower drive wheel to transmit torque from the upper drive wheel to the lower drive wheel. Each of the one or more double-sided intermediate face drive wheels includes an at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel first face configured to engage the at least partially textured upper drive wheel face and to be positioned in the middle of the at least partially textured The opposite side of the second side of the transmission wheel. The lower drive wheel includes an at least partially textured lower drive wheel face configured to engage the at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel second face.

The invention provides a torque multiplying ratchet device. The ratchet device includes a handle extending from the ratchet head. The ratchet head includes a hollow inner cavity, a set of end drive wheels disposed in the hollow cavity, and a direction selection mechanism and a sleeve joint, wherein the direction selection mechanism is operatively connected with the set of end drive wheels to select the direction of rotation , the sleeve engaging portion is connected to the second surface of the lower transmission wheel and is configured to extend from the hollow inner cavity to detachably receive the sleeve. The set of end face transmission wheels includes an upper transmission wheel, an intermediate transmission wheel and a lower transmission wheel, wherein the first surface of the upper transmission wheel is connected to the ratchet head and is opposite to the second surface of the upper transmission wheel, and the intermediate transmission wheel includes the first surface of the intermediate transmission wheel. The first side of the intermediate drive wheel is opposite the second side of the intermediate drive wheel and selectively engages the second side of the upper drive wheel. The opposite side of the second face of the lower drive wheel, wherein the second face of the intermediate drive wheel selectively engages the first face of the lower drive wheel. In operation, torque is transmitted from the ratchet head via the set of face drive wheels to the socket joint at different rotational ratios.

In one embodiment, the face drive wheel has a plurality of teeth extending from the outer edge of the drive wheel to the center of the drive wheel, the height, slope and spacing of the teeth being application specific. In other embodiments, the set of face drive wheels may have spline faces, face gears, clutch structures, ribbed faces, textured faces, corrugated faces, undulating faces, twill faces, threaded faces, grooved faces, meshed faces, surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. A direction selection mechanism moves a pawl that engages the intermediate drive wheels to select the direction of rotation of the set of end drive wheels. A direction selection mechanism moves the intermediate drive wheels to engage either the upper drive wheels or the lower drive wheels, thereby selecting the direction of rotation of the set of face drive wheels. The ratchet device may also include a shaft extending from the ratchet head to a sleeve engagement portion, a release ball disposed within an opening in the sleeve engagement portion, the sleeve engagement portion extending into the shaft; a rod comprising at least one dimple , the rod extends into the shaft and to the sleeve junction; a button on the ratchet head and connected to the rod, wherein pressing the button moves the rod down, allowing the breakaway ball to move toward the rod into all said at least one dimple. The sleeve joint may also be replaceable so that the sleeve joint can have different drive dimensions like a spline drive.

The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a ratchet device, which includes the following steps: inserting a set of end drive wheels into the hollow cavity of the ratchet head, wherein the set of end drive wheels includes an upper drive wheel, an intermediate drive wheel and a lower drive wheel, Wherein the upper transmission wheel has a first surface of the upper transmission wheel connected with the ratchet head, the first surface of the upper transmission wheel is located on the opposite side of the second surface of the upper transmission wheel, the intermediate transmission wheel includes the first surface of the intermediate transmission wheel, the second surface of the intermediate transmission wheel One side is located on the opposite side of the second face of the intermediate drive wheel and selectively engages the second face of the upper drive wheel, and the lower drive wheel includes a first face of the lower drive wheel located on the side connected to the ratchet head. the opposite side of the lower drive wheel second face, and the intermediate drive wheel second face selectively engages the lower drive wheel first face and the sleeve engaging portion is connected to the lower drive wheel second face; positioning the direction selection mechanism contacting the set of face drive wheels to select the direction of rotation; positioning the socket engagement portion so as to extend from the hollow cavity to removably receive the socket, wherein torque passes through the ratchet head at different rotational ratios The set of face drive wheels is transferred to the sleeve joint; the hollow inner cavity of the ratchet head is covered with a cover plate. In one embodiment, the face drive wheel has a plurality of teeth extending from the outer edge of the drive wheel to the center of the drive wheel, the height, slope and spacing of the teeth being application specific. In other embodiments, the set of face drive wheels may have spline faces, face gears, clutch structures, ribbed faces, textured faces, corrugated faces, undulating faces, twill faces, lined faces, grooved faces, meshing faces, etc. surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The sleeve joint is replaceable and can be replaced with a different size sleeve joint.

The invention also includes a set of end drive wheels for transmitting torque, comprising: an upper end drive wheel having a partially textured upper drive wheel surface; one or more double-sided intermediate end drive wheels, each double-sided intermediate end The transfer wheel has an at least partially textured intermediate transfer wheel first face configured to engage the at least partially textured upper transfer wheel face and to engage the at least partially textured intermediate transfer wheel second face. On the opposite side of the face, the intermediate drive wheel second face is configured to engage the at least partially textured lower drive wheel face of the lower face drive wheel to transfer torque from the upper face drive wheel to the lower face drive wheel. In one embodiment, the partially textured drive wheel face is a face gear with a plurality of teeth extending from the outer edge of the drive wheel to the center of the drive wheel, the height, slope and spacing of the teeth being application specific.

One embodiment of the invention includes a ratchet arrangement. The ratchet device includes a handle extending from a ratchet head with a hollow cavity, and a group of end face drive wheels arranged in the hollow cavity. The set of face drive wheels includes a set of one or more intermediate face drive wheels between the upper face drive wheel and the lower face drive wheel. The set of face drive wheels includes an upper face drive wheel having an upper face drive wheel first face coupled to the ratchet head, the upper face drive wheel first face positioned opposite the at least partially textured upper face drive wheel second face side, also includes one or more intermediate face drive wheels. Each intermediate face drive wheel has an at least partially textured intermediate face drive wheel first face that engages at least a portion of an at least partially textured upper face drive wheel second face and drives the at least partially textured intermediate face drive wheel. The opposite side of the second side of the wheel. The lower face drive wheel includes an at least partially textured lower face drive wheel first face connected to at least a portion of an at least partially textured intermediate face drive wheel second face and on an opposite side of the lower face drive wheel second face. The socket engagement portion is connected to the second face of the lower face drive wheel and is configured to protrude from the hollow cavity to removably receive the socket, wherein torque is transmitted from the ratchet head via the set of face drive wheels to the socket at different rotational ratios. Socket joint.

One embodiment includes a set of face wheels for transmitting torque having a set of double-sided intermediate face wheels between upper face wheels and lower face wheels. The upper drive wheel has an at least partially textured upper drive wheel face. The one or more double-sided intermediate face drive wheels each have an at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel first face configured to engage the at least partially textured upper drive wheel face and place the at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel first face on the at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel face. On the opposite side of the two faces, the intermediate drive wheel second face is configured to engage the at least partially textured lower drive wheel face of the lower face drive wheel to transfer torque from the upper face drive wheel to the lower face drive wheel.

The present invention also includes a method of making a torque transmitting mechanism comprising the steps of: positioning an at least partially textured upper drive wheel face of an upper drive wheel in contact with an at least partially textured surface of one or more double sided intermediate drive wheels an intermediate drive wheel first face, positioning the at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel second face of the one or more double-sided intermediate drive wheels to contact the at least partially textured lower drive wheel face of the lower drive wheel, In order to transmit torque from the upper drive wheel to the lower drive wheel.

Description of drawings

For a fuller understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 represents the perspective view of the ratchet wrench of the present invention;

2A to 2C represent side sectional views of the ratchet wrench of the present invention;

Figure 3A is an exploded view of the head of one embodiment of the wrench of the present invention;

Fig. 3B is a side view of the second drive wheel;

Fig. 3C is a top view of the second drive wheel housing;

Figure 3D is a side view of one of the intermediate drive wheels;

Fig. 3E is a top view of the intermediate transmission wheel housing;

Figure 3F is a side view of the first transmission wheel;

Fig. 3G is a top view of the first transmission wheel housing;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the head of the ratchet wrench of the present invention;

5A and 5B are overlapping perspective views of the drive wheel drive of the present invention;

Fig. 6A is a top view of an embodiment of the second drive wheel housing of the present invention, and Fig. 6B is a perspective view thereof;

Figure 6C is a perspective view of an embodiment of the second drive wheel of the present invention;

Fig. 6D is a side view of an embodiment of the second transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel housing of the present invention;

Figure 6E is a top view of an embodiment of the intermediate transmission wheel housing of the present invention, and Figure 6F is a perspective view thereof;

Figure 6G is a perspective view of the intermediate transmission wheel;

6H is a side view of the intermediate drive wheel housing with a plurality of intermediate drive wheels overlapping the second drive wheel housing and the second drive wheel;

Figure 6I is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the drive wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a side view of an embodiment of the transmission wheel arrangement structure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a side view of an arrangement structure of double-sided drive wheels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9A is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention showing different drive wheels and drive wheel overlaps;

Figure 9B is a top view of the first drive wheel having a central portion of the first drive wheel surrounded by a toothless region;

Figure 9C is a top view of one of the intermediate transmission wheels;

Fig. 9D is a top view of the second drive wheel;

Figure 10 is a side view of another embodiment of the invention in which one drive wheel is fixed;

Fig. 11A shows a top view of another embodiment of the transmission of the transmission wheel of the present invention, and Fig. 11B and Fig. 11C are side views showing the transmission of the transmission wheel shown in Fig. 11A;

Figure 11D shows a perspective view of a transmission wheel drive system;

FIG. 11E shows a top view of another embodiment of the drive wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention used in conjunction with a ratchet insert (similar to a spline insert);

FIG. 11F shows a top view of another embodiment of the drive wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention used in conjunction with a ratchet insert (similar to a spline insert);

Fig. 12A, Fig. 12B and Fig. 12C represent the side view of double-sided drive wheel transmission system;

13A to 13E show perspective views of the drive wheel drive system;

14A to 14C are views of the transmission wheel drive system in FIG. 13, wherein the transmission wheels are separated in FIG. 14A, aligned with each other in FIG. 14B, and meshed in FIG. 14C;

Fig. 15A and Fig. 15B represent the drive wheel transmission system of Fig. 14, and it is applicable to the joint of larger coupling structure;

Figure 16 is a view of the drive wheel drive system of the present invention housed in a crowbar;

Figure 17A is an exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention, specifically a wrench;

Figure 17B is an exploded view of a wrench head including bolt holes for receiving bolts, nuts or other fasteners;

Figures 18A and 18B are exploded isometric views of the drive wheel drive system of Figure 14, adapted for larger configurations of joints;

Figure 19 is an exploded isometric view of the gear train of Figure 18 adapted with a multiplying gear set;

Figure 20A is an exploded isometric view of a gear train having multiple jaws and a single handle with a multiplying gear set;

Figure 20B is an isometric view of a gear train with multiple jaws and a single handle with a multiplying gear set;

Figure 21 is an exploded isometric view of a gear train with a multiplying gear set used as a drive extension;

Figure 22 is an exploded isometric view of a gear train with a double multiplier gear set used as a drive extension;

23A-23D are isometric views of a hinge wrench including handles connected to upper and lower hinges;

24A-24E are isometric views of the components of a hinged wrench;

25A-25C are views of telescoping rods for use with crowbars, support rods, or other implements disclosed herein;

Fig. 26A, Fig. 26B and Fig. 26C are the views showing the end driving wheel assembly with the reversing mechanism;

27A and 27B are views of a geared compression ratchet wrench;

28A and 28B are views of a geared compression ratchet wrench with a pair of face drive wheels.

detailed description

While the making and using of various embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, it should be appreciated that the invention affords many applicable inventive concepts which can be practiced within a broad range of specifics. The specific embodiments described herein are merely indicative of specific ways to make and use the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a number of terms or phrases are defined below. The terms or phrases defined herein have the meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the fields relevant to the present invention. The terms "a" and "the or said" are not intended to refer only to the singular form, but also include the entire class of which an example is given for illustration. The terminology herein is used to describe particular embodiments of the invention, but its usage does not delineate the scope of the invention, except as enumerated in the claims.

The invention includes a set of face drive wheels for torque transmission. The set of drive wheels includes an upper face drive wheel having an at least partially textured upper drive wheel face and one or more double-sided intermediate face drives, each double-sided intermediate face drive wheel comprising an at least partially textured center drive wheel A first face, the intermediate transfer wheel first face is positioned to engage the at least partially textured upper transfer wheel face and is on the opposite side of the at least partially textured intermediate transfer wheel second face, the intermediate transfer wheel second face An at least partially textured lower drive wheel surface configured to engage the lower face drive wheel to transfer torque from the upper face drive wheel to the lower face drive wheel.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body 12 including a head 14 and a handle portion 16 extending from the head 14 . The handle portion 16 is configured to be grasped by a user of the wrench 10 . The head 14 houses a transmission mechanism 18 (described in detail below) in a transmission wheel cavity (not shown) formed in the main body backside 20 of the ratchet wrench 10 . The main body backside 20 includes a counter-rotating member 22 operated by a knob 24 on the main body backside 20 for selective engagement into the directional movement of the drive mechanism 18 . The head 14 includes a sleeve engagement portion 26 on a front face 28 opposite the body backside 20 . A drive wheel cavity (not shown) is located between the front face 28 , the body back side 20 and the sides of the head 14 . A drive wheel cavity (not shown) may be closed or open and may be formed in the head 14, body backside 20, front side 28, or a portion thereof.

The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess 30 for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . Cylindrical recess 30, spring (not shown) and ball 32 are arranged such that a portion of ball 32 and spring (not shown) remain within cylindrical recess 30, while spring (not shown) biases ball 32 The other part of the cylindrical groove 30 to the outside. This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove 30 when the sleeve (not shown) is being attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still pressurizes the sleeve (not shown), thereby A sleeve (not shown) remains attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26 . To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply pulls the sleeve (not shown) away from the front face 28 . The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, thereby allowing the sleeve (not shown) to be removed. Of course, other arrangements may be used to retain the sleeve (not shown) to the sleeve engagement portion 26 and the illustrated embodiment should not be considered in any limiting sense.

2A to 2C show side cross-sectional views of the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. Figure 2A is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body 12 having a head 14 and a handle portion 16 connected by a rod 34 . The handle portion 16 is configured to be grasped by a user of the wrench 10 and may include a textured region 36 . The head 14 includes a main body backside 20 having a counter-rotating member 22 with a knob 24 provided on the main body backside 20 . The head 14 has a sleeve engagement portion 26 on a front face 28 opposite the body backside 20 to form a drive wheel cavity 48 . The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess 30 for receiving a spring 38 and a ball 32 . Cylindrical groove 30 , spring 38 and ball 32 are arranged such that a portion of ball 32 and spring 38 remain in cylindrical groove 30 , while spring 38 biases another portion of ball 32 out of cylindrical groove 30 . This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove 30 when the sleeve (not shown) is being mounted on the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still pressurize the sleeve (not shown), The sleeve (not shown) thus remains attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26 . To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply pulls the sleeve (not shown) away from the front face 28 . The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, thereby allowing the user to move the sleeve (not shown) more easily. Of course, other structural arrangements may be used to retain a sleeve (not shown) to the sleeve engagement portion 26, and the illustrated embodiment should not be considered in any limiting sense.

The head 14 houses a transmission mechanism 18 which is disposed between the body back side 20 and the front side 28 of the ratchet wrench 10 . In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 18 includes a sleeve engagement portion 26 that includes a first transmission wheel 40 . The first drive wheel 40 has a first drive wheel face (not shown) facing away from the sleeve engagement portion 26 . The intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 includes a plurality of intermediate transfer wheels 44 a , 44 b , and 44 c that pass through the intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 and extend from the first transfer wheel 40 to the second transfer wheel 46 . Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the first transfer wheel 40 and a second intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the second transfer wheel 46 . At least a portion of the first surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts at least a portion of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), and at least a portion of the second surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts the second transmission wheel surface ( not shown) at least part of it.

The rotation direction of the second transmission wheel 46 can be locked by the handle 24 on the back side part 20 of the main body. The rotary handle 24 adjusts the reversing member 22 to position a pawl (not shown), thereby limiting the rotation direction of the second transmission wheel 46 .

In operation, the second drive wheel 46 turns in one direction depending on the position of the knob 24 and pawl (not shown). This configuration allows the handle portion 16 of the ratchet wrench 10 to rotate smoothly about the head 14 in one direction. Rotation of the handle portion 16 of the ratchet wrench 10 about the head 14 in the opposite direction forces these components to interlock and resist rotation, thereby forcing the second transmission wheel 46 to rotate. The direction of rotation can be reversed by moving the knob 24 which in turn moves the reversing member 22 to position the pawl (not shown) thereby limiting the direction of rotation. The handle portion 16 of the ratchet wrench 10 is then free to turn in the opposite direction, while turning in the other direction causes these parts to lock up and block their rotation, forcing the second drive wheel 26 to turn. This configuration allows the selector handle portion 16 to rotate freely clockwise, while counterclockwise rotation of the handle portion 16 results in counterclockwise rotation of the sleeve engagement portion 26, or this configuration allows the selector handle portion 16 to rotate counterclockwise while the handle portion 16's counterclockwise rotation A clockwise rotation results in a clockwise rotation of the sleeve engagement portion 26 .

In operation, rotation of the handle 12 causes rotation of the second transmission wheel 46 . At least a portion of the second gear face (not shown) contacts at least a portion of each intermediate drive wheel's second face (not shown). When the second transfer wheel 46 rotates, the intermediate transfer wheel second face (not shown) contacts the intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b and 44c, thereby causing rotation. Intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b, and 44c are positioned within intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 and maintained in vertical and horizontal positions relative to the other components. When the intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b and 44c rotate, at least a portion of the first surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts at least a portion of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), thereby causing the first transmission wheel 40 to rotate And drive the sleeve engaging part 26 to rotate.

Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body 12 including a head 14 and a handle 16 . The head 14 includes a main body backside 20 and a sleeve engaging portion 26 on a front side 28 opposite the main body backside 20 , forming a drive wheel cavity 48 . The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The head 14 contains a transmission mechanism 18 disposed between the body back side 20 and the front side 28 of the ratchet wrench 10 . In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 18 includes a sleeve engagement portion 26 that includes a first transmission wheel 40 . The first drive wheel 40 has a first drive wheel face (not shown) facing away from the sleeve engagement portion 26 . Intermediate transfer wheels 44 a and 44 b extend from the first transfer wheel 40 to the second transfer wheel 46 . Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 a , 44 b includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the first transfer wheel 40 and a second intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the second transfer wheel 46 . At least a portion of the first surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts at least a portion of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), and at least a portion of the second surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts the second transmission wheel surface ( not shown) at least part of it.

Figure 2C is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body 12 that includes a head 14 and a handle 16 . The head 14 includes a main body backside 20 and a sleeve engaging portion 26 on a front side 28 opposite the main body backside 20 , forming a drive wheel cavity 48 . The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The head 14 contains a transmission mechanism 18 disposed between the main body back side 20 and the front side 28 of the ratchet wrench 10 . In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 18 includes a sleeve engagement portion 26 that includes a first transmission wheel 40 . The first drive wheel 40 has a first drive wheel face (not shown) facing away from the sleeve engagement portion 26 . Intermediate transfer wheels 44 a and 44 b extend from the first transfer wheel 40 to the second transfer wheel 46 . Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 a , 44 b includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the first transfer wheel 40 and a second intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) disposed towards the second transfer wheel 46 . At least a portion of the first surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts at least a portion of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), and at least a portion of the second surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel contacts the second transmission wheel surface ( not shown) at least part of it.

Figure 3A is an exploded view of the head 14 of one embodiment of the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body 12 having a head 14 and a handle 16 connected by a rod 34 . The handle portion 16 is configured to be grasped by a user of the wrench 10 . The head 14 contains a transmission mechanism 18 located in a transmission wheel cavity 48 between the main body back side 20 and front side 28 . The main body backside 20 includes a reversing member (not shown) having a knob (not shown) on the main body backside 20 . Main body backside 20 includes fastening opening 50 a sized to receive locating fasteners 52 a and 52 b for securing drive mechanism 18 in drive wheel cavity 48 of head 14 .

The second transfer wheel 46 is positioned in the second transfer wheel housing opening 54 of a second transfer wheel housing 56 configured to fit into the transfer wheel cavity 48 . Second transfer wheel housing 56 includes fastening openings 50a, 50b which are aligned with and secureable by positioning fasteners 52a and 52b. The second drive wheel 46 has a second drive wheel surface 58 capable of applying torque to the mating surface. The second gear surface 58 can be a rib face, a textured surface, a wavy surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a line surface, a fluted surface, a meshing surface, a toothed surface, a shot blast surface, a spline surface, Smooth, rough, sticky, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back 60 opposite to the second transmission wheel surface 58 and a second transmission wheel side 62 between the second transmission wheel back 60 and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second transfer wheel face 58 , the second transfer wheel back 60 and/or the second transfer wheel side 62 may be configured to selectively restrict rotation of the second transfer wheel 46 and thereby engage the ratchet mechanism.

Intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 is disposed adjacent to second gear housing 56 such that a portion of intermediate transfer wheel housing openings 64 a , 64 b , 64 c and 64 d overlap second transfer wheel housing opening 54 and second gear 46 . Each intermediate transfer wheel housing opening 64a, 64b, 64c and 64d receives a corresponding intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c, and 44d has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 and an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68, which may be ribbed, textured, undulating, undulating, or diagonal surface, threaded surface, grooved surface, mating surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The intermediate transfer wheels 44 a , 44 b , 44 c , and 44 d are positioned such that a portion of each intermediate transfer wheel second face 68 aligns with and mates with the second gear face 58 of the second transfer wheel 46 .

The first transmission wheel 40 is positioned in a first transmission wheel housing opening 70 of a first transmission wheel housing 72 having fastening openings 50a and 50b. The first drive wheel 40 includes a sleeve engaging portion 26 that extends to engage a sleeve (not shown) or elongate structure (not shown). The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The cylindrical groove (not shown), the spring (not shown) and the ball 32 are constructed such that a portion of the ball 32 and the spring (not shown) are retained in the cylindrical groove (not shown), while the spring (not shown) biases another portion of the ball 32 out of the cylindrical groove (not shown). This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove (not shown) as the sleeve (not shown) is being secured on the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still exerts pressure on the sleeve so that the sleeve (not shown) not shown) remains attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26. To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply pulls the sleeve (not shown) away from the front face 28 . The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, thereby making it easier for the user to move the sleeve. Of course, other structural arrangements may also be used to retain a sleeve (not shown) to the sleeve engagement portion 26 . The first transfer wheel 40 includes a first transfer wheel face 74 opposite the sleeve engaging portion 26 and includes a surface that is a ribbed face, a textured face, a corrugated face, an undulating face, a diagonally striated face, a lined face surface, grooved surface, mating surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The first transfer wheel housing opening 70 is configured to seat at least a portion of the first transfer wheel face 74 in contact with a portion of the intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 . The first drive wheel housing 72 includes fastening openings 50a and 50b that align with and can be fastened with locating fasteners 52a and 52b.

The front face 28 is positioned opposite the main body back side 20 to secure the drive mechanism 18 in the drive wheel cavity 48 of the ratchet wrench 10 . Locating fasteners 52a and 52b are disposed through fastening openings 50a and 50b in second drive wheel housing 56, intermediate drive wheel housing 42 and first drive wheel housing 72, and into fastening openings 76a and 50b. 76b to allow the front face 28 to close the transmission wheel cavity 48 and fix the transmission mechanism 18 in the transmission wheel cavity 48 of the head 14.

FIG. 3B is a side view of the second transmission wheel 46 . The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back surface 60 opposite to the second transmission wheel surface 58 , and a second transmission wheel side surface 62 located between the second transmission wheel back surface 60 and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second transmission wheel surface 58, the second transmission wheel back surface 60 and/or the second transmission wheel side surface 62 may be a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a corrugated surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a lined surface, a corrugated surface , meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces.

FIG. 3C is a top view of the second transmission wheel housing 56 . The second drive wheel 46 is positioned in the second drive wheel housing opening 54 of a second drive wheel housing 56 configured to fit into a drive wheel cavity (not shown) and pass through It is secured by engaging the fastening openings 50a and 50b. The second transmission wheel surface 58 can be a rib face, a textured face, a wavy face, an undulating face, a diagonal stripe face, a line face, a fluted face, a meshing face, a toothed face, a shot peening face, a spline face , smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces.

FIG. 3D is a side view of one of the plurality of intermediate drive wheels 44 . Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 separated from an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68 by an intermediate transfer wheel portion. The first surface 66 of the intermediate transmission wheel, the second surface 68 of the intermediate transmission wheel and/or the middle part of the transmission wheel can be respectively a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a wavy surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal striped surface, a lined surface, and a fluted surface. surface, mating surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces.

FIG. 3E is a top view of the intermediate transmission wheel housing 42 . Intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 includes a plurality of intermediate transfer wheel housing openings 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d that overlap second transfer wheel housing openings (not shown), second transfer wheel (not shown), And the intermediate transmission wheel housing is fixed with fastening openings 50a and 50b. Each intermediate transfer wheel housing opening 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d accommodates a corresponding intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d having intermediate transfer wheel first faces 66a, 66b, 66c, 66d so that The first surface of the intermediate drive wheel can be a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a wavy surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a lined surface, a grooved surface, an meshing surface, a toothed surface, a shot peened surface, or a spline surface. surface, smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces.

FIG. 3F is a side view of one of the first transmission wheels 40 . The first transfer wheel 40 includes a sleeve engaging portion 26 that extends to engage a sleeve (not shown) or elongate structure (not shown). The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The first transfer wheel 40 includes a first transfer wheel face 74 opposite the sleeve engagement portion 26 and includes a surface that is a ribbed face, a textured face, a corrugated face, an undulating face, a diagonally striated face, a line Textured, fluted, mating, toothed, shot-peened, splined, smooth, rough, viscous, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces.

FIG. 3G is a top view of the first transmission wheel housing 72 . The first transmission wheel 40 is positioned in a first transmission wheel housing opening 70 of a first transmission wheel housing 72 having fastening openings 50a, 50b. The first drive wheel 40 includes a sleeve engaging portion 26 that extends to engage a sleeve or extension (not shown). The sleeve engagement portion 26 has a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 .

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the head 14 of the ratchet wrench of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body (not shown) that includes a head 14 and a handle portion (not shown) extending from the head 14 . Head 14 contains drive mechanism 18 located in drive wheel cavity 48 between body backside (not shown) and front face 28 with fastening openings 50a and 50b sized to accommodate A fastener (not shown) is positioned to secure the drive mechanism 18 in the drive wheel cavity 48 of the head 14 .

The head 14 includes a sleeve engaging portion 26 on a front 28 opposite the body backside (not shown). The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess 30 (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The cylindrical groove 30, spring (not shown) and ball 32 are arranged such that a portion of the ball 32 and the spring (not shown) are retained in the cylindrical groove 30, while the spring (not shown) biases the ball 32 to the outside of the cylindrical groove 30. This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove 30 as the sleeve (not shown) is being installed onto the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still pressurizes the sleeve so that the sleeve (not shown) out) remain attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26.

As can be seen from the figure, the first transmission wheel housing opening 70 and the outer contour of the first transmission wheel 40 are aligned with a portion of the intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d, thereby covering each intermediate transmission wheel 44a, 44b , 44c, part of 44d. The first transmission wheel 40 has a first transmission wheel surface (not shown), which contacts a first surface (not shown) of an intermediate transmission wheel, and a second surface (not shown) of an intermediate transmission wheel contacts a second transmission wheel surface (not shown). not shown). In operation, turning the wrench (not shown) drives the second transmission wheel (not shown) to rotate, and the second transmission wheel passes through the second transmission wheel surface (not shown) and the second surface of the intermediate transmission wheel (not shown) out) to rotate each intermediate drive wheel 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d. As the intermediate drive wheel face (not shown) rotates, the corresponding intermediate drive wheel first face (not shown) rotates and in turn engages the first drive wheel face (not shown), first drive wheel 40 and the sleeve Part 26 rotates.

The first transfer wheel 40 is positioned in a first transfer wheel housing opening 70 of a first transfer wheel housing (not shown) having fastening openings 50 a and 50 b and located near the front face 28 . The first drive wheel housing (not shown), the intermediate drive wheel housing (not shown) and the second drive wheel housing (not shown) all pass through the size of the drive wheel cavity 48 and the size of the fastening openings 50a and 50b. position to align. This alignment allows partial overlap of the first transfer wheel 40, the intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d, and the second transfer wheel (not shown), resulting in specific gear ratios, such as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1: 15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:>20, >20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1, 16:1, 15: 1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 0.5:1, 0.25:1, 0.3:1, 0.1:1, 0.05:1, 0.25:0.6, and other variants and their incremental ratios.

Fig. 5A is an exploded perspective view of an overlapping transmission mechanism of the present invention. The present invention provides partial overlap of the second drive wheel 46 and the intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d, and that these intermediate drive wheels partially overlap the first drive wheel 40, thereby providing a specific transmission ratio, for example 1:1 , 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1 :14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:>20, >20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1, 16 :1, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1 , 3:1, 2:1, 0.5:1, 0.25:1, 0.3:1, 0.1:1, 0.05:1, 0.25:0.6, and other variants and their incremental ratios.

The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back 60 on the opposite side of the second transmission wheel surface 58 and a second transmission wheel side 62 between the second transmission wheel back 60 and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second transmission wheel surface 58, the second transmission wheel back surface 60 and/or the second transmission wheel side surface 62 may be a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a corrugated surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a lined surface, a corrugated surface , meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable surfaces that allow friction between surfaces.

Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c, and 44d has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c, and 66d, and an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c, and 68d, which may independently be ribbed faces , textured surface, wavy surface, undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, line surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peening surface, spline surface, smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or Other suitable surfaces that allow friction between surfaces.

The first transfer wheel 40 includes a first transfer wheel face 74 opposite the first transfer wheel back face 76 and includes a surface that is a ribbed face, a textured face, a corrugated face, an undulating face, a diagonally striated face, a line Textured, fluted, mating, toothed, shot-peened, splined, smooth, rough, viscous, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces.

Fig. 5B is a perspective view of the overlapping condition of the transmission assembly of the present invention. The figure shows one possible alignment of the drive wheels of the present invention, where the drive wheels overlap by 35%-75%. The second transfer wheel 46 includes a second transfer wheel back 60 on the opposite side of the second transfer wheel face 58, in which case about half of the second transfer wheel face 58 is in contact with each intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c. Overlaps about half of 68d. This overlap allows the second transfer wheel 46 to rotate and drives the intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d to rotate, wherein the size of the teeth of each transfer wheel, the tooth flanks and the number of teeth and the pitch on the transfer wheel and the size of the transfer wheel determines the transmission ratio. The intermediate transmission wheel second surfaces 68a, 68b, 68c and 68d are connected to the intermediate transmission wheel first surfaces 66a, 66b, 66c and 66d such that as the intermediate transmission wheel second surfaces 68a, 68b, 68c and 68d rotate, the intermediate transmission wheels The drive wheel first faces 66a, 66b, 66c and 66d are also rotated. The intermediate transfer wheel first faces 66 a , 66 b , 66 c , and 66 d overlap about half of the first transfer wheel face 74 of the first transfer wheel 40 . As the intermediate drive wheel first faces 66a, 66b, 66c and 66d rotate, contact with the first drive wheel face 74 causes the first drive wheel face to rotate which in turn drives the first drive wheel 40 to rotate. In addition, the overlap allows the second transmission wheel 46 to rotate and drives the intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d to rotate, wherein the tooth size, tooth surface and number of teeth on each transmission wheel and the tooth pitch on the transmission wheel and transmission wheel The size determines the gear ratio. The intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d rotate the first drive wheel 40, where the size of the teeth on each drive wheel, the tooth flanks, the number of teeth, the spacing between the teeth on the drive wheels and the drive wheel size determine the transmission ratio. The rotation of the second transmission wheel 46 causes the rotation of the first transmission wheel 40, wherein the tooth size on each transmission wheel, the tooth surface, the number of teeth, the tooth pitch on the transmission wheel and the transmission wheels of the intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d The size determines the final drive ratio.

Fig. 6A is a top view of an embodiment of the second transmission wheel housing of the present invention, and Fig. 6B is a perspective view thereof. A second transfer wheel (not shown) may be positioned in the second transfer wheel housing opening 54 of the second transfer wheel housing 56 . The second drive wheel housing 56 may be sized to fit within a drive wheel cavity (not shown). The second transmission wheel housing surface 76 can be a rib face, a textured face, a wavy face, an undulating face, a diagonal stripe face, a line face, a fluted face, a meshing face, a toothed face, a shot peened face, a spline surface, smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces.

Figure 6C is a perspective view of one embodiment of the second transmission wheel of the present invention. The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back 60 opposite to the second transmission wheel surface 58 and a second transmission wheel side 62 between the second transmission wheel back 60 and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second transmission wheel surface 58, the second transmission wheel back surface 60 and/or the second transmission wheel side surface 62 may be a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a corrugated surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a lined surface, a corrugated surface , meshing surface, belt drive surface, shot blasting surface, spline surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable surfaces that allow friction between surfaces.

Figure 6D is a side view of an embodiment of the second transmission wheel housing and the second transmission wheel of the present invention. The second transfer wheel 46 may be positioned in the second transfer wheel housing opening 54 of the second transfer wheel housing 56 . The second drive wheel housing 56 may be sized to fit within a drive wheel cavity (not shown). The second transfer wheel 46 extends through the second transfer wheel housing opening 54 with exposed portions on both sides of the second transfer wheel housing 56 . The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back 60 on the opposite side of the second transmission wheel surface 58 and a second transmission wheel side 62 between the second transmission wheel back 60 and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second transmission wheel surface 58, the second transmission wheel back surface 60 and/or the second transmission wheel side surface 62 may be a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a corrugated surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a lined surface, a corrugated surface , meshing surface, belt drive surface, shot blasting surface, spline surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable surfaces that allow friction between surfaces.

FIG. 6E is a top view of an embodiment of the intermediate transmission wheel housing 42 of the present invention, and FIG. 6F is a perspective view thereof. Intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 includes intermediate transfer wheel housing openings 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d that overlap second transfer wheel housing openings (not shown) and the second transfer wheel. Each intermediate transfer wheel housing opening 64a, 64b, 64c and 64d receives a corresponding intermediate transfer wheel 44 as shown in FIG. 6G. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 has a first intermediate transfer wheel face 66 and an opposing second intermediate transfer wheel face 68 separated by an intermediate transfer wheel side 78 . The intermediate drive wheel 44 may have a plurality of faces independently ribbed, textured, undulated, undulated, diagonally striped, lined, fluted, meshed, toothed, Shot peened, splined, smooth, rough, viscous or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces.

6H is a side view of the intermediate drive wheel housing 42 with the intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, 44c positioned in frame openings 64a, 64b, 64c that are in contact with a second drive wheel housing opening (not shown). ) and the second drive wheel (not shown) overlap. Each intermediate transfer wheel housing opening 64a, 64b, 64c receives a corresponding intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c and an opposite intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c', the first and second faces passing through the intermediate transfer wheel The sides 78a, 78b, 78c are spaced apart. The intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c can independently have a rib face, a textured face, a wavy face, an undulating face, an oblique stripe face, a thread face, a corrugated face, a meshing face, a toothed face, and a shot blasting face. , splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable surface to allow the intermediate transmission wheel first surface 66a, 66b, 66c and the intermediate transmission wheel second surface Friction is created between the surfaces on 78a, 78b, 78c.

FIG. 6I is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the transmission mechanism 18 of the present invention. Figure 61 shows the intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 with a plurality of intermediate transfer wheels positioned between the two second transfer wheel housings 56a and 56b and the second transfer wheels 46a and 46b. Intermediate transfer wheel housing 42 includes three intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b and 44c positioned in transfer wheel housing openings 64a, 64b, 64c that partially intersect second transfer wheel housing opening 54 and second transfer wheel 46. stack. Each intermediate transfer wheel housing opening 64a, 64b, 64c receives a corresponding intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c has a first intermediate transfer wheel face 66a, 66b, 66c and an opposite intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c separated by an intermediate transfer wheel side 78a, 78b, 78c open. A portion of each intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c contacts a portion of the second transfer wheel face 58a of the second transfer wheel 46a located in the second transfer wheel housing opening 54a of the second transfer wheel housing 56a. The intermediate transfer wheel second faces 68a, 68b, 68c contact the second transfer wheel face 58b of the second transfer wheel 46b located in the second transfer wheel housing opening 54b of the second transfer wheel housing 56b. The overlap allows the second drive wheel 46a to rotate and drives the intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, and 44c to rotate, where the size of the teeth on each drive wheel, the flanks, the number of teeth, the pitch on the drive wheels, and the drive wheel size determine the transmission ratio . As a result, the second transmission wheel 46a and the second transmission wheel 46b rotate according to the transmission ratio determined by the intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b and 44c.

Another embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention includes the use of inserts (such as pins, tenons, rods, spikes, posts, squares, numbs, tabs, dots, bumps, or other similar positioning mechanisms) to position the transmission mechanism of the present invention. drive wheel.

An intermediate transfer wheel (not shown) may be positioned between the two second transfer wheel housings (not shown) and the second transfer wheel (not shown) by a plurality of pins extending through the transfer wheel housings. The three intermediate transmission wheels (not shown) can be positioned in desired positions by three pins (not shown) to align the three intermediate transmission wheels (not shown) with the second transmission wheel (not shown) partially overlapped. Each of the three intermediate transfer wheels (not shown) has an intermediate transfer wheel first face (not shown), and an opposite intermediate transfer wheel second face, which are separated by an intermediate transfer wheel side (not shown) open. A portion of a first face (not shown) of each intermediate transfer wheel contacts a portion of a second transfer wheel face (not shown) of a second transfer wheel (not shown) positioned by a pin (not shown). The second face (not shown) of the intermediate transfer wheel contacts the second face (not shown) of the second transfer wheel (not shown). This overlap allows the second transmission wheel (not shown) to rotate and drives the intermediate transmission wheel (not shown) to rotate, wherein the size of the teeth on each transmission wheel, the tooth surface, the number of teeth, the tooth pitch on the transmission wheel and The drive wheel size determines the gear ratio. As a result, the second transmission wheel (not shown) rotates according to the transmission ratio determined by the intermediate transmission wheel (not shown).

The skilled artisan will recognize that the shape of the shelf, the thickness of the shelf, the location of the openings, the number of openings, the alignment of the openings, the alignment of these openings relative to other openings may vary depending on the particular application or desired gear ratio. For purposes of illustration, some of the many embodiments for the shape of the drive wheel housing, the number and location of the openings are presented below.

The drive wheel housing may be generally circular and have five generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The transmission wheel housing includes a cutout provided in the transmission wheel housing. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels (not shown) such that rotation of the first set of drive wheels causes the second set of drive wheels (not shown) Turns with a transmission ratio determined by drive wheel size and drive wheel surface.

The drive wheel housing may be generally circular with two generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels which are positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels such that rotation of the first set of drive wheels causes the second set of drive wheels to rotate according to drive wheel size and drive wheel size. The gear ratio determined by the surface turns.

The drive wheel housing may be generally circular and have a generally rectangular drive wheel housing opening. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels such that rotation of the first set of drive wheels causes the second set of drive wheels to be driven by the drive wheels The size and surface of the drive wheel determines the ratio of rotation.

The drive wheel housing may be generally polygonal and have six generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels such that rotation of the first set of drive wheels causes the second set of drive wheels to be driven by the drive wheels The size and surface of the drive wheel determines the ratio of rotation.

The drive wheel housing may be generally rectangular and have four generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels (not shown) positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels (not shown) such that the first set of drive wheels (not shown) shown) rotates the second set of drive wheels (not shown) at a gear ratio determined by the size of the drive wheels and the surface of the drive wheels.

The drive wheel housing may be generally oval in shape with three generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels (not shown) positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels (not shown) such that the first set of drive wheels (not shown) shown) rotates the second set of drive wheels (not shown) at a gear ratio determined by the size of the drive wheels and the surface of the drive wheels.

The drive wheel housing may be generally triangular in shape with two generally oval drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels (not shown) positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels (not shown) such that the first set of drive wheels (not shown) out) rotates the second set of drive wheels (not shown) at a gear ratio determined by the size of the drive wheels and the surface of the drive wheels.

The drive wheel housing may be generally polygonal in shape with two generally circular drive wheel housing openings. The drive wheel housing opening accommodates a first set of drive wheels (not shown) positioned in an overlapping manner with a second set of drive wheels (not shown) such that the first set of drive wheels (not shown) out) rotates the second set of drive wheels (not shown) at a gear ratio determined by the size of the drive wheels and the surface of the drive wheels.

The skilled artisan will recognize that the shape of the shelf, the thickness of the shelf, the location of the openings, the number of openings, the alignment of the openings, and the alignment of the openings relative to other openings may vary.

The drive wheel housing includes a drive wheel housing top surface and a drive wheel housing bottom surface 88 separated by the drive wheel housing sides. The transmission wheel housing includes transmission wheel housing openings extending from the top surface of the transmission wheel housing to the bottom surface of the transmission wheel housing. The opening of the drive wheel housing includes an opening side wall and an opening edge extending around the opening on the bottom surface of the housing. The drive wheel may be positioned in the drive wheel housing opening of the drive wheel housing. The drive wheel includes a drive wheel back on opposite sides of the drive wheel faces separated by the drive wheel sides. A drive wheel rim matching the edge of the opening is positioned around the periphery of the drive wheel sides. In an alternative embodiment, the drive wheel edge and/or the opening edge itself is a ribbed surface, a textured surface, a corrugated surface, an undulating surface, a diagonal stripe surface, a threaded surface, a fluted surface, a meshing surface, a toothed surface surface, peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The drive wheel back can be in, above or below the surface of the drive wheel housing top surface. Similarly, the width of the drive wheel sides is sufficient to position the drive wheel face in, above or below the surface of the drive wheel housing bottom surface. The drive wheel surface and/or the back of the drive wheel can be ribbed surface, textured surface, wavy surface, undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, line surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot blasting surface, Splined, smooth, rough, viscous, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. In another embodiment, the drive wheel face is stamped or formed on the back side of the workpiece.

Figure 7 is a side view of one embodiment of the drive wheel arrangement of the present invention. This embodiment of the invention includes three intermediate transfer wheels 44 a , 44 b and 44 c positioned in a manner that partially overlaps the second transfer wheel 46 and the first transfer wheel 40 . The first transfer wheel 40 includes a first transfer wheel face 74 positioned toward the intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b, and 44c. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c, which is located on the opposite side of the intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c, and which pass through the intermediate transfer wheel sides 78a, 78b , 78c separated. The intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c can independently be ribbed surfaces, textured surfaces, wavy surfaces, undulating surfaces, oblique stripes, lined surfaces, grooved surfaces, meshing surfaces, toothed surfaces, and shot blasting surfaces. , splined surfaces, smooth surfaces, rough surfaces, viscous surfaces, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. A portion of each intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c contacts a portion of the first transfer wheel face 74 of the first transfer wheel 40, the first transfer wheel being positioned such that the overlapping portion 106a, 106c contacts and partially overlaps the overlapping portion 108a, 108c of the intermediate drive wheel face of the intermediate drive wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c. A portion of each intermediate drive wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c contacts a portion of the second drive wheel face 58 of the second drive wheel 46 positioned such that the overlapping portion 110a, 110c contacts and partially overlaps the overlapping portion 112a, 112c of the intermediate drive wheel face of the intermediate drive wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c. This arrangement allows the first drive wheel 40, the second drive wheel 46 and/or the three intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b and 44c to move toward or away from adjacent drive wheels in order to engage or disengage the transmission and/or allow turn. This movement can be accomplished by selective engagement/disengagement with a magnet mechanism, switch mechanism, push mechanism, twist mechanism, or other mechanisms known to those skilled in the art.

Figure 8 is a side view of a double sided drive wheel arrangement according to one embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment of the invention includes an overlap of the first drive wheel 40 in contact with the first set of intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, 44c contacting the double-sided drive wheels 114, which is in contact with the second set of intermediate drive wheels 44d. , 44e, 44f contact, and the second group of intermediate transmission wheels contacts the second transmission wheel 46 again. The first transfer wheel 40 includes a first transfer wheel surface 74 positioned in partial overlap with the intermediate transfer wheels 44a, 44b, 44c. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44a, 44b, 44c has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66a, 66b, 66c on the opposite side of the intermediate transfer wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c, and they pass through the intermediate transfer wheel sides 78a, 78b , 78c separated. A portion of each intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 a , 66 b , 66 c contacts a portion of the first transfer wheel face 74 of the first transfer wheel 40 . A portion of each intermediate drive wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c contacts a portion of the double-sided drive wheel first face 116 such that a portion of the intermediate drive wheel second face 68a, 68b, 68c and the double-sided drive wheel 114 A partial overlap is formed between the first surfaces 116 of the transmission wheels. The double-sided drive wheel 114 includes a double-sided drive wheel second side 118 opposite the double-sided drive wheel first side 116 , and they are separated by a double-sided drive wheel side 120 . The double-sided drive wheel second face 118 is positioned to overlap a portion of the intermediate drive wheels 44d, 44e, 44f. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44d, 44e, 44f has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66d, 66e, 66f opposite to an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68d, 68e, 68f, and they pass through an intermediate transfer wheel side 78d, 78e, 78f separated. A portion of each intermediate drive wheel first face 66d , 66e , 66f contacts a portion of the double-sided drive wheel second face 118 of the double-sided drive wheel 114 . A portion of each intermediate transfer wheel second face 68d, 68e, 68f contacts a portion of the second transfer wheel face 58 of the second transfer wheel 46 such that between the intermediate transfer wheel second face 68d, 68e, 68f and the second transfer wheel A partial overlap is formed between the faces 58 .

This overlap allows rotation of the first transfer wheel 40 to be transmitted to the first set of intermediate drive wheels according to a specific gear ratio defined by the drive wheel contact between the first drive wheel 40 and the first set of intermediate drive wheels 44a, 44b, 44c. Wheels 44a, 44b, 44c. Rotation of the first set of intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c is transmitted to the double-sided transmission according to a specific transmission ratio defined by the transmission wheel contact between the first set of intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c and the double-sided transmission wheel 114. Wheel 114. The rotation of the double-sided transmission wheel 114 is transmitted to the second set of intermediate transmission wheels 44d, 44e according to a specific transmission ratio defined by the transmission wheel contact between the double-sided transmission wheel 114 and the second set of intermediate transmission wheels 44d, 44e, 44f , 44f. Rotation of the second set of intermediate transmission wheels 44d, 44e, 44f is transmitted to the second transmission according to a specific transmission ratio defined by the transmission wheel contact between the second set of intermediate transmission wheels 44d, 44e, 44f and the second transmission wheel 46. Wheel 46. This mechanism allows the drive to be driven by adjusting the first set of intermediate transmission wheels 44a, 44b, 44c, the second set of intermediate transmission wheels 44d, 44e, 44f, the first transmission wheel 40, the double-sided transmission wheel 114 and/or the second transmission wheel 46. The ratio is adjusted to the desired ratio for a particular application.

Although the invention is discussed in connection with hand tools, the drive wheel and drive mechanism of the present invention can be used with any device that employs a drive wheel. For example, the transmission wheel deceleration and speed-up device of the present invention can be used in automobiles, motorcycles, buses, trucks, trains, airplanes, boats, ships, watercraft, bicycles, trolleys, golf carts, trolleys, sightseeing cars, etc. Cars, transmissions, linkages, gearboxes, differentials, overdrives, drive shafts and other parts with gears. In addition, the drive wheel deceleration and speed-up device of the present invention can be used in any device using drive gears, including mechanical devices, turbines, wind mills, water mills, pulleys, winches, wrenches, harnesses, Manipulators, prosthetics, toys, lawn mowers, elevators, escalators, rods and reels, screwdrivers, drills, saws, construction equipment, hoisting machinery, compressors, cranes, grinders, hoists, watches, copiers, wrenches , tie-down tools, wrench heads, ratchet wrenches, socket wrenches, right-angle connections for drills and other tools, bevel connections (0-90°) for drills and other tools, and other gears s installation. Additionally, the drive wheel reduction and speed up device of the present invention may include a spline type gear drive (as described herein) for providing drive wheel reduction, acceleration and/or increased strength in a single unit.

Furthermore, the present invention can be used with different head designs that allow for flipping, swiveling, pivoting, rotating, locking or other movement in order to position the head in a desired position.

Figure 9A is a view of another embodiment of the present invention showing different drive wheels and drive wheel overlap. The second transmission wheel 46 includes a second transmission wheel back 60 on the opposite side of the second transmission wheel surface 58 and a second transmission wheel side 62 between the second transmission wheel back (not shown) and the second transmission wheel surface 58 . The second drive wheel face 58 includes a second drive wheel tooth face 122 at an approximately central portion of the second drive wheel face 58 .

The plurality of intermediate drive wheels 44 are positioned in contact with the second drive wheel surface 58 . Although two intermediate transmission wheels 44a and 44b are shown here, those skilled in the art will recognize that more or fewer intermediate transmission wheels may be used, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 and an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68, a portion of which may be textured to contact the other surface (e.g., independently a ribbed face, a textured face, a corrugated face, Undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, line surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces ), and a portion that does not contact the main drive mechanism is smooth or textured (e.g., independently ribbed, textured, undulating, undulating, diagonally striated) at a different height than the main drive surface, threaded surface, grooved surface, mating surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable for allowing friction between surfaces). The first transmission wheel 40 is positioned on the opposite side of the intermediate transmission wheel 44 and includes a first transmission wheel back surface (not shown) on the opposite side of the first transmission wheel surface 74, and a first transmission wheel back surface (not shown) and a second transmission wheel back surface (not shown). A first transmission wheel side surface 102 between the transmission wheel surfaces 74 . The first transmission wheel surface 74 includes a first transmission wheel transmission surface 132 at an approximately central portion of the first transmission wheel surface 74 .

FIG. 9B is a top view of the first transmission wheel 40 having a first transmission wheel central portion 120 surrounded by a toothless region 122 . The central portion 120 of the first transmission wheel can be a rib face, a textured face, a wavy face, an undulating face, a diagonal stripe face, a line face, a fluted face, an engaging face, a toothed face, a shot peened face, a spline surface, smooth surface, rough surface, sticky surface or other suitable surface to allow friction between surfaces. The first drive wheel pitch 124 is the distance from the first tooth 126 to the second tooth 128 and is a specific distance that may be changed or varied for a given application. In the view shown, the first drive wheel center portion 120 has a plurality of teeth, but in other embodiments, the first drive wheel center portion 120 may be ribbed, textured, undulating, undulating, beveled Striped, threaded, grooved, mating, toothed, shot-peened, splined, smooth, rough, viscous, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces, and may have different orientations. The portion of the first transfer wheel face 74 occupied by the first transfer wheel center portion 120 will depend on the particular application and gear used. The first transfer wheel central portion 120 is aligned with a portion (not shown) of the intermediate transfer wheel, the degree of overlap again will depend on the particular application. The central portion 120 of the first transmission wheel and the toothless area 122 function to allow the gear of the present invention to rotate. The gear pitch may include a spline type arrangement, as seen elsewhere in this application, to increase the strength of the drive wheel and the amount of pressure or torque the drive wheel can withstand

Figure 9C is a top view of one of the intermediate transmission wheels 44, which has a first surface 66 of the intermediate transmission wheel and a second surface (not shown) of the intermediate transmission wheel, which can be independently ribbed surfaces, textured surfaces, and wavy surfaces , undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, line surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable to allow friction between surfaces surface. The intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 has an intermediate transfer wheel first toothed surface 130 around the outside so as to align with the first transfer wheel center portion 120 of the first transfer wheel 40 in FIG. 9B . The intermediate drive first face 66 has a central untoothed first face 132 in the intermediate drive first toothed face 130 . The first intermediate transfer gear pitch 134 is the distance from the first intermediate tooth 136 to the second intermediate tooth 138 and is a specific distance that may be changed or varied for a given application. Similarly, the intermediate transfer wheel second face (not shown) may have an intermediate transfer wheel second toothed face (not shown) around the outside so as to align with the second transfer wheel central portion of the first transfer wheel 40 ( not shown). The intermediate drive wheel second face (not shown) also has a central toothless second face (not shown) within the intermediate drive wheel first toothed face (not shown). Although the first intermediate transfer wheel face 66 and the second intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) do not necessarily have the same shape and arrangement of transfer wheels, the second intermediate transfer wheel face (not shown) may be aligned with the second transfer wheel ( not shown) the second transmission wheel surface (not shown). The invention also includes a plurality of drive wheel surfaces positioned within each other to provide multiple second drive wheel contact points from a single first drive wheel.

FIG. 9D is a top view of the second transfer wheel 46 showing the second transfer wheel face 58 opposite the back side (not shown) of the second transfer wheel. The second gear surface 58 includes a second gear flank 140 on a part of the second gear surface 58 , which is surrounded by an inner toothless region 142 and an outer toothless region 144 . The dimensions of the inner toothless area 142 , the outer toothless area 144 and the second transmission wheel tooth surface 140 may vary according to specific applications. The second transfer gear tooth spacing 146 is the distance from the first tooth 148 to the second tooth 150 and is a specific distance that may be varied or varied for a given application. Although the toothless region 122, the toothless first face 132, the central toothless second face (not shown), the inner toothless region 142, and the outer toothless region 144 are shown toothless, these regions may With meshing structure (such as ribbed surface, textured surface, wavy surface, undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, lined surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surfaces, rough surfaces, sticky surfaces, or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces), different orientations, or different textured surfaces in order to engage with other transmissions or surfaces.

In another embodiment, the transmission mechanism may be the reverse configuration of the transmission mechanism of FIG. 9, wherein the first and second transmission wheels are toothless on the outside and toothed on the inside so as to be toothless in the middle and toothed on the outside. Toothed intermediate drive wheel meshes. In another embodiment, the transmission mechanism can be a hybrid form of the above embodiments, wherein the first transmission wheel is shown in FIG. 11 , and the second transmission wheel has an opposite configuration.

Although several possible alignments of the drive wheels of the present invention are shown (for example, these drive wheels have approximately 10-95% overlap), this is exemplary only, and actual overlap percentages, spacings, sizes, The number of teeth, the size of the teeth, the position of the teeth, the height of the teeth, the angle of the teeth and other parameters can vary according to the specific application.

Figure 10 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention in which one drive wheel is stationary. The second drive wheel 46 includes a second drive wheel back face 60 on the opposite side of the second drive wheel face 58 . The second transfer wheel face 58 includes a second transfer wheel tooth face 122 on the interior of the second transfer wheel face 58 . The intermediate transmission wheel 44 is positioned in such a way as to contact the second transmission wheel surface 58 . Although two intermediate drive wheels 44a and 44b are shown here, the skilled artisan will recognize that more or fewer intermediate drive wheels may be used. Each intermediate transfer wheel 44 has an intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 and an intermediate transfer wheel second face 68, portions of which may be textured to engage other surfaces (e.g., independently ribbed, textured, corrugated, etc.) surface, undulating surface, oblique stripe surface, lined surface, grooved surface, meshing surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, splined surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other suitable to allow friction between surfaces s surface). The first transfer wheel 40 is disposed opposite the intermediate transfer wheel 44 and includes a first transfer wheel back (not shown) positioned opposite the first transfer wheel face 74 . The first transfer wheel surface 74 includes a first transfer wheel tooth surface 132 that is aligned with the intermediate transfer wheel first face 66 of the intermediate transfer wheel 44 .

The transmission wheel overlap of the present invention provides a transmission ratio for deceleration or speed-up of the transmission wheel, which can be 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:18 20, 1: >20, >20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1, 16:1, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10: 1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 0.5:1, 0.25:1, 0.3:1, 0.1:1, 0.05:1, 0.25:0.6, and other variants and their incremental ratios. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various combinations of gear sets can be used to achieve a particular gear ratio and in combination with the gear sets of the present invention to translate well into the desired gear ratio.

The combination of drive gear teeth and drive wheel layout allows torque and speed to be varied between input and output values. For example, the combination of 8-tooth drive wheels 160a, 160b, 160c and 40-tooth drive wheels 162a, 162b, 162c results in a significantly lower gear ratio. For example, the final drive ratio between the 8-tooth drive wheel 160a and the 40-tooth drive wheel 162a is 125:1. This is achieved in that the 8-tooth drive wheel 160a drives the 40-tooth drive wheel 162b with a transmission ratio of 5:1, the 8-tooth drive wheel 160b drives the 40-tooth drive wheel 162c with a transmission ratio of 5:1, and the 8-tooth drive wheel 160c drives The combination of 40-tooth drive wheels 162a is driven at a ratio of 5:1, converting an input of 100 rpm to an output of 0.8 rpm (this conversion can also be implemented to convert an input of 0.8 rpm to an output of 100 rpm). For example, the 40-tooth drive wheel 162 is connected to the 8-tooth drive wheel 160 to form a transmission ratio of 1:5, so that the speed of the drive wheel 160 is 5 rpm based on the speed of the main drive wheel 162 being 1 rpm. The 20-tooth transmission wheel 164 and the 24-tooth transmission wheel 166 are connected to the 40-tooth main transmission wheel 162 to form transmission ratios of 1:2 and 1:1.66 respectively, so that the rotation speed of the driving gear 162 is 1 rpm, the transmission wheel 164 and the transmission wheel 166 The rotation speeds are 2rpm and 1.66rpm respectively. For example, an 8-tooth main drive wheel 160 is connected to a 40-tooth drive wheel 162 to form a 5:1 gear ratio, with the main drive wheel 160 rotating at 5 rpm and the drive wheel 162 rotating at 1 rpm. The 8-tooth drive wheel 160 is also connected at a ratio of 2.5:1 to the 20-tooth drive wheel 164 which in turn is connected to the 24-tooth drive wheel 166 for a 1.2:1 ratio.

Furthermore, the present invention includes transmissions capable of withstanding substantial amounts of stress, strain, torque, and friction because the transmission utilizes a spline-type transmission wheel tooth profile to spread the force or load over more surface area. The present invention includes a splined drive wheel configuration wherein the first drive wheel includes a first set of teeth extending over at least a portion of the drive wheel surface. The second transmission wheel is engaged with the first transmission wheel in a manner that allows the rotation of the transmission wheels relative to each other to increase or decrease. In some cases, the drive wheels are curved or tapered to allow contact and allow for positioning and rotation of the drive wheels relative to each other. One example includes a bevel gear that meshes with the second drive wheel. But the transmission wheel can be circular, oval or other shape if desired. Similarly, the second drive wheel can be tapered, tapered, flat or even smooth, and the drive wheel shape can be any desired shape.

Furthermore, the teeth or slots of the drive wheel of the present invention may have any size, shape, curvature, bevel, profile, and the like. For example, the slots between the teeth can be curved, right angled, or at any angle. Similarly, tooth pitch and tooth height can be any desired size. For example, the teeth may be profiled, rounded, angled, smooth, etc. around the top of the teeth. In addition, the present invention ensures meshing at different angles, the ring gear and pinion being merely an example. This combination allows the configuration of the drive train or transmission to be between 0 and 90 degrees. The present invention provides a drive wheel deceleration or speed increase in one embodiment and provides increased strength with a splined drive wheel drive in another embodiment.

Fig. 11A shows a top view of another embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention. The drive wheel 200 includes a first drive wheel surface 202 having two or more teeth 204 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The first transmission wheel surface 202 has two or more teeth 204 disposed on the outer periphery of the first transmission wheel surface 202 , and also has a central toothless surface 206 in the first transmission wheel surface 202 . Central toothless surface 206 also includes opening 208, the size and shape of which may vary depending on the particular application. The first transmission wheel surface 202 includes a tooth surface 210 and a tooth height 212 . The tooth width 214 is the width of the tooth surface 210 and is the distance from the first tooth height 212 to the second tooth height 212 and can vary according to specific applications. Tooth face 210 and tooth height 212 provide a frictional contact area when contacting another face (not shown). Tooth width 214 and tooth height 212 may vary depending on the particular application and the particular amount of force applied to drive wheel 200 .

11B and 11C show side views of the transmission mechanism shown in FIG. 11A . The first transmission wheel surface 202 has two or more teeth 204 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The first transmission wheel surface 202 has two or more teeth 204 disposed on the outer periphery of the first transmission wheel surface 202 and also has a central toothless surface (not shown) in the first transmission wheel surface 202 . The first transmission wheel surface 202 includes a tooth surface 210 and a tooth height 212 . The tooth width 214 is the width of the tooth surface 210 and is the distance from the first tooth height 212 to the second tooth height 212 and can vary according to specific applications. Tooth face 210 and tooth height 212 provide a frictional contact area when contacting another face (not shown). Tooth width 214 and tooth height 212 may vary depending on a particular application and a particular amount of force applied to drive wheel 200 . In some embodiments, the tooth width 214 may be larger, while in other embodiments, the tooth width 214 may be smaller. Additionally, the first tooth height 212 and the drive wheel base 218 thickness combine and are contained in the drive wheel thickness 216 . The gear pitch line 220 and the tooth flank 210 form a gear pitch cone angle 222 . The gear pitch angle 222 is generally the angle of the tooth flank 210 . This angle may be different if the first tooth height 212 is not perpendicular to the gear pitch line 220 . In some cases, the first tooth height 212 is not perpendicular to the gear pitch line 220 , thereby creating an overhang from the first drive wheel face 202 to the second drive wheel face 202 . Although the tooth flanks 210 and tooth heights 212 are shown as straight, other shapes may be used, including concave, convex, textured, and other surface treatments known to those skilled in the art.

Figure 1 ID shows a perspective view of the transmission system. The system includes a first drive wheel 200 and a second drive wheel 226, each drive wheel having two or more drives on a first side and a second set of two drive wheels at the drive wheel base 218 extending around the drive wheel perimeter. one or more than two teeth 254. This embodiment can also be applied on the inside of the drive wheel or on the inside of the drive wheel and the outside of the drive wheel base 218 so as to extend peripherally. Furthermore, the pitch (distance between teeth) and tooth angle or inclination (position relative to the base) can be modified and changed depending on the application. In one embodiment, the first drive wheel 200 may be mounted around the drill bit so that the two or more teeth 204 on the drive wheel base 218 remove a ring of material as the drill bit drills through the material. In another embodiment, the first transfer wheel 200 may be used as a lock washer. A bolt may be inserted into the first transmission wheel 200, and the two or more teeth 204 function to lock the washer to the bolt or nut. In embodiments including two or more teeth 254, the teeth may be used to allow removal of the nut and lock washer if desired. A tool can engage the two or more teeth 254 to twist and remove the nut.

Figure 1 IE shows a top view of another embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention in combination with a ratchet insert (similar to a spline insert). The sleeve interface 26 is designed to fit into a drive wheel cavity (not shown) in a manner similar to conventional spline drives. The sleeve interface 26 includes a first drive wheel 200 and a second drive wheel 226 each having two or more teeth 204 on a first side and having a tooth at the drive wheel base 218 extending around the drive wheel perimeter. The second set of two or more teeth 254. A pawl (not shown) may engage the two or more teeth 204 on the first side and/or the second set of two or more teeth 254 to select the steering of the sleeve engagement portion 26 . The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess 30 for receiving a spring 38 and a ball 32 . The cylindrical recess 30, spring 38 and ball 32 are constructed such that a portion of the ball 32 and the spring 38 are retained in the cylindrical recess 30 while the spring 38 biases the other portion of the ball 32 out of the cylindrical recess 30 . This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove 30 as the sleeve (not shown) is being fitted onto the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still pressurizes the sleeve (not shown), thereby A sleeve (not shown) remains attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26 . To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply pulls on the sleeve (not shown) from the front face 28 . The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, whereby the movement of the sleeve can be more easily accomplished by the user. Of course, other arrangements may be used to retain a sleeve (not shown) to the sleeve engagement portion 26 and the illustrated embodiment should not be considered in any limiting sense.

Figure 1 IF shows a top view of another embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention in combination with a ratchet insert (similar to a spline insert). The sleeve interface 26 is designed to fit into a drive wheel cavity (not shown) in a manner similar to conventional spline drives. The sleeve interface 26 includes a first drive wheel 200 and a second drive wheel 226 each having two or more teeth 204 on a first side and a tooth at the drive wheel base 218 extending around the periphery of the drive wheel. Two or more second sets of two or more teeth 254a and 254b. The two or more sets of the second set of two or more teeth 254a and 254b may be in different directions, allowing clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the sleeve engaging portion 26 . A pawl (not shown) may engage the two or more teeth 204 on the first side and/or two or more second sets of two or more teeth 254a and 254b, to select the direction of rotation of the sleeve joint 26 . The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess 30 for receiving a spring 38 and a ball 32 . The cylindrical groove 30, the spring 38 and the ball 32 are constructed such that a part of the ball 32 and the spring 38 are held in the cylindrical groove 30, while the spring 38 biases the other part of the ball 32 into the cylindrical groove 30. outside. This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove 30 as the sleeve (not shown) is being fitted onto the sleeve engagement portion 26, but still pressurizes the sleeve (not shown), thereby A sleeve (not shown) remains connected to the sleeve engagement portion 26 . To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply pulls on the sleeve (not shown) from the front face 28 . The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, whereby the movement of the sleeve can be more easily accomplished by the user. Of course, other arrangements may be used to retain a sleeve (not shown) to the sleeve engagement portion 26 and the illustrated embodiment should not be considered in any limiting sense.

12A and 12B are schematic diagrams of a double-sided transmission wheel transmission system. The system includes a first transfer wheel 200 , an intermediate transfer wheel 224 and a second transfer wheel 226 . The first drive wheel face 202 includes a drive wheel base 218 extending from the first drive wheel face 202 and includes two or more teeth 204 adapted to create friction between the surfaces. The two or more teeth 204 extend from the outer edge of the drive wheel base 218 to a central toothless surface (not shown). A positioning cylinder 228 is located in a central toothless face (not shown) and aligns the first drive wheel 200 and the intermediate drive wheel 224 .

The intermediate transfer wheel 224 includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face 230 opposite a second intermediate transfer wheel face 232 . A positioning cylinder 228 is located in a central toothless face (not shown) and aligns the first drive wheel 200 and the intermediate drive wheel 224 . The positioning cylinder 228 can be a component of the first transmission wheel 200 and the intermediate transmission wheel 224 , either alone or in combination. The first intermediate transmission wheel surface 230 includes a first intermediate transmission wheel base 234 extending from the first intermediate transmission wheel surface 230 and two or more first intermediate teeth 236 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more first intermediate teeth 236 extend from the outer edge of the first intermediate transmission wheel base 234 to a central toothless surface (not shown). The positioning cylinder 228 is located in the central toothless surface (not shown) and connects the two or more teeth 204 of the first transmission wheel 200 and the two or more teeth of the intermediate transmission wheel 224 The first intermediate tooth 236 .

The second intermediate transmission wheel surface 232 includes a second intermediate transmission wheel base 238 extending from the second intermediate transmission wheel surface 232 and two or more second intermediate transmission teeth 240 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more second intermediate teeth 240 extend from the outer edge of the second intermediate transmission wheel base 238 to a central toothless surface (not shown). The second positioning cylinder 242 is located in the central toothless surface (not shown) and aligns the two or more second intermediate teeth 240 and the second transmission wheel 226 .

The second transmission wheel 226 includes a second transmission wheel surface 244, which has a second transmission wheel base 246 extending from the second transmission wheel surface 244, and also includes two or more contact surfaces adapted to cause friction between the surfaces. Second tooth 248 . The two or more second teeth 248 extend from the outer edge of the second transmission wheel base 246 to a central toothless surface (not shown). The second positioning cylinder 242 is located in the center toothless surface (not shown) and connects the two or more second teeth 248 of the second transmission wheel 226 and the two or more teeth of the intermediate transmission wheel 224. More than two second intermediate teeth 240 . The second drive wheel 226 includes a second back 250 and the first drive wheel 200 includes a first back 252 . In addition, the double-sided transfer wheel drivetrain may be held together using a magnetic system with a plurality of magnets disposed between the first transfer wheel 200 and the intermediate transfer wheel 224 and between the intermediate transfer wheel 224 and the second transfer wheel 226 between.

In some embodiments, first drive wheel 200 and/or second drive wheel 226 may be molded into the housing of a larger device such as a ratchet, wrench, crowbar, or the like. The intermediate transfer wheel 224 may be arranged to contact the first transfer wheel 200 or the second transfer wheel 226 via a magnetic selection mechanism or a mechanical selection mechanism such as a detent, magnetic selection mechanism or wedge type selection mechanism. For example, a magnetic selection mechanism may be used to move intermediate transfer wheel 224 to contact first transfer wheel 200 and/or second transfer wheel 226 . A wedge-type selector mechanism may be used to move intermediate transfer wheel 224 to contact first transfer wheel 200 and/or second transfer wheel 226 .

FIG. 12C shows a cross-sectional view of the double-sided transmission wheel transmission system provided in the ratchet wrench 10 of the present invention. The ratchet wrench 10 includes a body (not shown) that includes a head 14 and a handle portion (not shown) extending from the head 14 . The handle portion (not shown) is configured to be gripped by a user of the ratchet wrench 10 . The head 14 contains a transmission mechanism (as will be described in detail below) housed within a transmission wheel cavity 48 formed between the main body backside 20 and front side 28 .

A sleeve engaging portion 26 extends from a housing opening 70 in the body backside 20 for engaging a sleeve (not shown) or extension (not shown). The sleeve engagement portion 26 includes a cylindrical recess (not shown) for receiving a spring (not shown) and a ball 32 . The cylindrical groove (not shown), the spring (not shown) and the ball 32 are constructed such that a portion of the ball 32 and the spring (not shown) are retained in the cylindrical groove (not shown), while the spring (not shown) not shown) biases another portion of the ball 32 out of the cylindrical groove (not shown). This allows the ball 32 to be pushed substantially into the cylindrical groove (not shown) while the sleeve (not shown) is being attached to the sleeve engagement portion 26 , but still pressurizes the sleeve engagement portion 26 . To remove the sleeve (not shown), the user simply has to pull on the sleeve (not shown). The ball 32 is allowed to rotate, thereby allowing the user to more easily perform the sleeve movement. Of course, other arrangements for retaining a sleeve (not shown) to sleeve engagement portion 26 may be employed.

The system includes a first transfer wheel 200 , an intermediate transfer wheel 224 and a second transfer wheel 226 . The first transmission wheel surface 202 includes two or more teeth 204 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more teeth 204 extend from the outer edge to a central toothless face (not shown). A positioning cylinder 228 is located in this central toothless surface (not shown) and aligns the first transmission wheel 200 and the intermediate transmission wheel 224 .

The intermediate transfer wheel 224 includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face 230 opposite a second intermediate transfer wheel face 232 . A positioning cylinder 228 is located in a central toothless face (not shown) and aligns the first drive wheel 200 and the intermediate drive wheel 224 . The positioning cylinder 28 can be a separate or combined component of the first transmission wheel 200 and the intermediate transmission wheel 224 . The first intermediate transmission wheel surface 230 includes two or more first intermediate teeth 236 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more first intermediate teeth 236 extend from the outer edge of the base of the first intermediate transmission wheel to the center without a toothed surface (not shown). The positioning cylinder 228 is located in the center toothless surface (not shown) and connects two or more teeth 204 of the first transmission wheel 200 and two or more first intermediate teeth 236 of the intermediate transmission wheel 224 alignment.

The second intermediate transmission wheel surface 232 includes two or more second intermediate teeth 240 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more second intermediate teeth 240 extend from the outer edge of the base of the second intermediate transmission wheel to the center without a toothed surface (not shown). The second positioning cylinder 242 is located in the center toothless surface (not shown) and the two or more second intermediate teeth 240 are aligned with the second transmission wheel 226 .

The second transfer wheel 226 includes a second transfer wheel surface 244 having two or more second teeth 248 adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. The two or more second teeth 248 extend from the outer edge of the base of the second transmission wheel to the center without a toothed surface (not shown). The second positioning cylinder 242 is located in the center toothless surface (not shown) and connects two or more second teeth 248 of the second transmission wheel 226 and two or more second teeth 248 of the intermediate transmission wheel 224. The two middle teeth 240 are aligned.

The first transmission wheel 200 , the middle transmission wheel 224 and the second transmission wheel 226 cooperate with each other to control the rotation of the socket engaging portion 26 relative to the ratchet wrench 10 . As can be seen in FIG. 12C , the movement of the intermediate transfer wheel 224 towards the first transfer wheel 200 will cause the intermediate transfer wheel 224 to mesh with the first transfer wheel 200 . The two or more teeth 204 engage with the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 extending from the periphery to the center of the transmission wheel face. When turned in one direction (A), the two or more teeth 204 pass over the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 to allow unrestricted movement. On the contrary, when the rotation direction is in the opposite direction (B), the two or more teeth 204 contact the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 to limit the rotation. The handle portion (not shown) of the ratchet wrench 10 is then free to turn in the opposite direction (B), while turning in the other direction (A) causes the parts to lock and prevent them from turning, forcing the second drive wheel 226 drives the sleeve engaging part 26 to rotate.

Conversely, movement of the intermediate transfer wheel 224 toward the second transfer wheel 226 will cause the intermediate transfer wheel 224 to engage the second transfer wheel 226 . The two or more second intermediate teeth 240 mesh with two or more second teeth 248 extending from the gear face to the center. When turned in one direction (B), the two or more teeth 204 pass over the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 to allow unrestricted movement. On the contrary, when the rotation direction is in the opposite direction (A), the two or more teeth 204 contact the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 to limit the rotation. The handle portion (not shown) of the ratchet wrench 10 is then free to rotate in the opposite direction (A), while rotation in the other direction (A) causes the parts to lock and prevent rotation, forcing the second transmission wheel 226 to drive The sleeve joint 26 rotates.

Fig. 13A is a schematic perspective view showing a transmission system. 13B to 13E are views of the transmission system. The system includes a first drive wheel 200 and a second drive wheel 226 . The first drive wheel surface 202 includes a drive wheel base 218 extending from the first drive wheel surface 202 and having two or more teeth 204 adapted to generate friction between the surfaces. The two or more teeth 204 extend from the outer edge of the drive wheel base 218 to a second set of two or more teeth 254 . In some embodiments, the two or more teeth 204 and the second set of two or more teeth 254 are configured to face in two opposite directions. The second set of two or more teeth 254 extends to a central toothless surface 256 disposed in central openings 258 and 260 . The second transfer wheel 226 includes a second transfer wheel face 244 having a second transfer wheel base 246 extending from the second transfer wheel face 226 and having two or more first transfer wheel surfaces adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. Two teeth 248. The two or more second teeth 248 extend from the outer edge of the second transmission wheel base 246 to a second set of two or more second teeth 262 . Two or more second teeth 248 extend to a locating cylinder 228 that extends outwardly from the plane of the second drive wheel base 246 to align with the central opening 258 of the first drive wheel 200 and Align the two or more teeth 204 of the first transmission wheel 200 with the two or more first intermediate teeth 236 of the intermediate transmission wheel 224 . The positioning cylinder 228 is used to align the two or more teeth 204 with the two or more second teeth 248 and/or align the second set of two or more teeth 254 with the second set Two or more second teeth 262 .

The first transmission wheel 200 and the second transmission wheel 226 each include a transmission wheel surface (not shown) having tooth surfaces (not shown) and tooth heights (not shown). The tooth width (not shown) is the width of the tooth face (not shown) and is the distance from the first tooth height (not shown) to the second tooth height (not shown), and it can vary depending on the specific application . The tooth flanks (not shown) and tooth heights (not shown) provide frictional contact areas when contacting opposing tooth flanks (not shown) and tooth heights (not shown). The tooth width (not shown) and tooth height (not shown) may vary depending on the particular application and the particular amount of force applied to the drive wheel (not shown). Furthermore, the superimposition of the first tooth height (not shown) and the drive wheel base thickness is included in the drive wheel thickness (not shown). The gear pitch angle (not shown) is typically the angle of the tooth flank (not shown). If the first tooth height (not shown) is not perpendicular to the tooth pitch line (not shown) to create an overhang from the first drive wheel face (not shown) to the second drive wheel face (not shown), then This angle can be different.

Figures 14A, 14B and 14C are views of the transmission system in Figure 13 with the drive wheels disjointed in Figure 14A, aligned in Figure 14B, and engaged in Figure 14C.

15A and 15B are diagrams of the transmission system of FIG. 14 adapted for incorporation into a coupling assembly of a larger device. 15A is a view of the first transmission wheel 200 located in the head 264 of the first side 266 of the device aligned with the second transmission wheel 226 located in the head 268 of the other half 270 of the device. The first transmission wheel 200 includes two or more teeth 204 and a central opening 258, which is used to align the two or more teeth 204 with the two or more second teeth. The alignment cylinders 228 align with the teeth 248 .

15B is a cross-sectional view of the alignment of the first drive wheel 200 in the head 264 of the first side 266 of the device with the second drive wheel 226 in the head 268 of the other half 270 of the device. The first transmission wheel 200 includes two or more teeth 204 and a central opening (not shown) for receiving the two or more teeth 204 with the two or more teeth. A positioning cylinder (not shown) is aligned above the second tooth 248 .

Figure 16 is a view of the transmission system of the present invention disposed in a crowbar. The crowbar 272 includes a first rod 274 and a second rod 276 connected by a drive wheel coupling assembly 278 . The drive wheel coupling assembly 278 includes a first drive wheel (not shown) located within the head 264 of the first rod 274 and a second drive wheel (not shown) located within the head 268 of the second rod 276 . A first drive wheel (not shown) includes two or more teeth (not shown) that align with two or more second teeth (not shown) for securing the crowbar in place. position and allow the drive wheel coupling assembly 278 to withstand extremely high stresses without failure.

In addition, the present invention provides a set of actuators (such as gears, textures, grooves, etc.) that mesh with another set of actuators, wherein the actuators are distributed over a large portion of the surface to provide an extended contact area, thereby providing higher strength. The set of transmission mechanisms can be configured to form a two-piece drive wheel connection joint, which itself can be part of a larger device, wherein the two-piece drive wheel connection joint can be separated or rotated to function as a folded connection joint. function, when turned and reset, these drive wheel sets realign and form a strong joint again. This embodiment can be used in any device that requires a construction that combines strength and flexibility, such as crowbars, hammers, outriggers, ladders, brackets, and the like.

In some embodiments, magnets can be used to engage and separate the two-piece drive wheel connection joint, so that the magnetic engagement structure can be attracted to separate the two-piece drive wheel connection joint, the two-piece drive wheel connection joint can be moved into place, and the magnetically-attached structure can be detached to provide a stable, non-moving structure. Similarly, a two-piece drive wheel connection joint may include a variety of joints to allow for the inclusion of a variety of different configurations, including multiple derivative configurations or combinations thereof resulting from a set of overlapping joints or multiple joints along a single member .

In another embodiment, the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet consisting of a first drive wheel, a second drive wheel, a ratchet housing, and an intermediate drive wheel with a side opposite the second intermediate drive wheel connected to the handle. The first intermediate transmission wheel surface.

The ratchet includes a first drive wheel end surface and a second drive wheel end surface separated by a rod. The end surface of the first transmission wheel includes a transmission wheel base, which has two or more teeth on the first surface on the opposite side of the back side of the first transmission wheel. The end surface of the second transmission wheel also includes a second transmission wheel base, which has two or more second teeth on the second surface on the opposite side to the back of the second transmission wheel. The first and second drive wheel end surfaces separated by the rod are positioned such that the two or more teeth on the first face face the two or more teeth on the second face.

The intermediate drive wheel includes a first intermediate gear face opposite a second intermediate drive wheel face connected to the handle. The ratchet housing is adapted to assemble the ratchet and the intermediate drive wheel such that the first intermediate drive wheel face is opposite the first drive wheel end surface and the second drive wheel end surface is opposite the second intermediate drive wheel face.

The ratchet housing is adapted to assemble the ratchet and the intermediate drive wheel such that the first intermediate drive wheel face is opposite the first drive wheel end surface and the second drive wheel end surface is opposite the second intermediate drive wheel face. The intermediate transfer wheel includes a first intermediate transfer wheel face that engages two or more teeth on the first transfer wheel face. The opposite second intermediate drive wheel face does not contact two or more teeth on the second drive wheel face that is moved into the ratchet housing. Similarly, the reverse can be done by moving the intermediate drive wheel such that the first drive wheel face is moved into the ratchet housing. This configuration ensures that the second intermediate transmission wheel surface contacts the two or more teeth on the second transmission wheel surface. The first intermediate transfer wheel surface does not contact the first intermediate transfer wheel surface to engage two or more teeth that are moved into the ratchet housing.

The ratchet housing includes an engagement point and is adapted to mount the ratchet and the intermediate drive wheel such that a first intermediate drive wheel face is opposite the first drive wheel end surface and an opposite second intermediate drive wheel face engages the engagement point. The first intermediate transfer wheel surface does not engage the first transfer wheel end surface located within the ratchet housing.

FIG. 17A is an exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention, specifically a wrench 410 . The wrench 410 includes a body 412 having a head 414a and a handle portion 416 connected to a second head 414b. Handle portion 416 is configured to be grasped by a user of wrench 410 and may include textured and/or non-textured regions 418 . Heads 414a and 414b include bolt holes 420a, 420b for receiving bolts, nuts or other fasteners. One or both of the heads 414 may be connected to the main body 412 by a hinge 422 having a hinge body housing 424 and a hinge body opening 426 that mates with a hinge head housing 428 and a hinge head opening 430 . Alignment of hinge 422 allows for mounting with hinge pin 432 providing swing and movement about hinge 422 . The head portion 414a includes a drive wheel cavity 434 for receiving a drive mechanism 436 between the body backside 438 and the front side 440 of the ratchet wrench 410 . Front face 440 includes bolt holes 420a and bolt hole slots 442 extending through front face 440 to allow access to bolt holes 420a. The drive mechanism includes a first drive wheel 446 and a second drive wheel 448 having bolt hole slots 442 and 450 respectively extending through the front face 440 to allow access to the bolt holes 420a. When aligned, the tool may cause a bolt to pass from the outside of the bolt hole 420a into the inside of the bolt hole 420a.

The transmission wheel cavity 434 includes a first transmission wheel 446 having a first transmission wheel surface 452 comprising two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 from which A peripheral edge extending across the first transmission wheel surface towards the center is adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. The second transmission wheel 448 includes a second transmission wheel surface 456, which has two or more second transmission gear teeth 458, and the second transmission gear teeth traverse the second transmission wheel from the periphery of the second transmission wheel surface 456. The faces extend toward the center to engage the two or more first drive gear teeth 454 of the first drive wheel face 452 to allow friction between the surfaces. When rotating in one direction, the two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 pass over the two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 to allow unrestricted rotation. On the contrary, when the rotation direction is in the opposite direction, the two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 contact the two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 to limit the rotation. Two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 and two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 extend from the periphery across the transmission gear face to the center, which allows a relatively small contact area between each pair of teeth. large, thereby increasing the strength. The stop ring 460 and the spacer 462 are used to position the transmission mechanism 436 between the main body back side 438 and the front side 440 of the ratchet wrench 410 .

Figure 17B is an exploded view of the head 414a including bolt holes 420a for receiving bolts, nuts or other fasteners. The head 414a includes a hinge head housing 428 and a hinge head aperture 430 . The head portion 414a includes a drive wheel cavity 434 for receiving a drive mechanism 436 between the body backside 438 and the front side 440 of the ratchet wrench 410 . The front face 440 includes a bolt hole 420a and a bolt hole slot 442 through the front face 440 to allow access to the bolt hole 420a. The drive mechanism includes a first drive wheel 446 and a second drive wheel 448 each having a bolt hole slot 442 and 450 respectively extending through the front face 440 to allow access to the bolt hole 420a. When aligned, the tool may cause a bolt to pass from the outside of the bolt hole 420a into the inside of the bolt hole 420a.

Transmission wheel cavity 434 is equipped with the first transmission wheel 446, and it has the first transmission wheel surface 452 that comprises two or more than two first transmission wheel teeth 454, and the first transmission wheel tooth from the periphery of the first transmission wheel surface 452 Extending centrally across the first drive wheel surface is adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. The second transmission wheel 448 includes a second transmission wheel surface 456, which has two or more second transmission gear teeth 458, and the second transmission gear teeth traverse the second transmission wheel from the periphery of the second transmission wheel surface 456. The wheel surfaces extend toward the center to engage the two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 of the first transmission wheel surface 452 to allow friction between the surfaces. When rotating in one direction, the two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 pass over the two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 to allow unrestricted rotation. On the contrary, when the rotation direction is in the opposite direction, the two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 contact the two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 to limit the rotation. The handle portion 416 of the ratchet wrench 410 is then free to turn in the opposite direction, while turning in the other direction causes the parts to lock up and prevent turning, forcing the second drive wheel 448 to turn.

Two or more first transmission gear teeth 454 and two or more second transmission gear teeth 458 extend from the periphery across the transmission gear face to the center, which allows a relatively small contact area between each pair of teeth. large, thereby increasing the strength. The stop ring 460 and the spacer 462 are used to position the transmission mechanism 436 between the main body back side 438 and the front side 440 of the ratchet wrench 410 .

Although a solid wrench is shown in the drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that both closed end and slotted end wrenches may be used with the present invention. The body 412 may include heads 414a and 414b connected to a handle portion 416 that is rotated 0-90 degrees relative to the heads 414a and/or 414b. Additionally, the handle portion 416 may be curved, curved, angled, sloped, raised, lowered, or tapered relative to one or both of the heads 414a and 414b.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a bolt hole 420a having a splined inner surface. Head 414a includes bolt holes 420a for receiving bolts, nuts or other fasteners. The head 414a includes a hinge head housing 428 and a hinge head aperture 430 . The head portion 414a includes a drive wheel cavity 434 for receiving a drive mechanism 436 between the body backside 438 and the front side 440 of the ratchet wrench 410 . Front face 440 includes bolt holes 420a and bolt hole slots 442 extending through the front face to allow access to bolt holes 420a. The drive mechanism includes a first drive wheel 446 and a second drive wheel 448 each having a bolt hole slot 442 and 450 respectively extending through the front face 440 to allow access to the bolt hole 420a. When aligned, the tool may cause a bolt to pass from the outside of the bolt hole 420a into the inside of the bolt hole 420a. The bolt hole 420a may include a splined inner surface with key grooves distributed around the bolt hole 420a. The keyways distributed around the bolt hole 420a allow the spline drive or sleeve to be inserted into the bolt hole 420a such that the inner surface of the spline contacts the keyway of the spline drive or sleeve. Additionally, the splined inner surface surrounding bolt hole 420a allows the hole to accommodate a variety of nuts and bolts, such as square, hex, 0-65% round hex, Torx, 0-65% round Torx, Slotted, Torx Star, etc.

Figures 18A and 18B are exploded isometric views of the transmission of Figure 17, suitable for use in a coupling assembly of a large device. The coupling assembly may be used in many devices including crowbars, poles, posts, jigs, ladders, scaffolding, art gallery stands, legs, tables, and the like.

18A is an exploded isometric left side view including a coupling assembly 470 comprising a first body 472 mated to a second body 474 . The first body 472 includes a first connecting end 476 adjacent to a first head 478 . The first head 478 includes a drive wheel cavity 480 within the first head 478 for receiving a spring, spacer or washer 482 (which may be present) and a first drive wheel 484 positioned on the back side of the body Between 486 and 488 on the front. The first transmission wheel 484 includes a first transmission wheel back surface 490 on the opposite side of the first transmission wheel surface 492, and the first transmission wheel surface includes two or more first transmission gear teeth 494, which extend from the first transmission wheel surface The periphery of 492 extends across the drive wheel face towards the center and is adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. A first alignment hole 496 is provided at the center of the first transmission wheel 484 for helping the alignment of the first transmission wheel 484 . The second body 474 includes a second connection end 498 adjacent to the second head 500 . The second head 500 includes a separation groove 502 extending into at least a part of the second head 500 from the outside. Within the separation groove 502 are a plurality of separation holes 504 extending from the separation groove 502 through the second head 500 . A release spring/washer 506 is located within the release slot 502 . The breakaway mechanism 508 is disposed in contact with the spring/washer 506 and a plurality of breakaway pins 510 pass through the plurality of breakaway holes 504 and are secured by a retaining clip 512 .

18B is an exploded isometric right side view including a coupling assembly 470 comprising a first body 472 mated to a second body 474 . The first body 472 includes a first connecting end 476 adjacent to a first head 478 . The first head 478 includes a drive wheel cavity (not shown) within the first head 478 for accommodating a spring, spacer or washer (if any) and a first drive wheel 484 positioned on the body Between the back side 486 and the front side (not shown). The first transmission wheel 484 includes a first transmission wheel back surface 490 on the opposite side of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), and the first transmission wheel surface includes two or more first transmission gear teeth 494 extending from the first transmission wheel tooth 494. The periphery of a drive wheel face (not shown) extends across the drive wheel face towards the center and is adapted to allow friction between the surfaces. A first alignment hole 496 is provided at the center of the first transmission wheel 484 for helping the alignment of the first transmission wheel 484 .

The second body 474 includes a second connection end 498 adjacent to the second head 500 . The second head 500 includes a second transmission wheel 516 with a second transmission wheel surface 518, and the second transmission wheel surface includes two or two wheels extending from the periphery of the second transmission wheel surface 518 across the transmission wheel surface to the center. Above the second transmission gear teeth 520, so as to mesh with two or more first transmission gear teeth 494 of the first transmission wheel surface (not shown), thereby allowing friction between the surfaces. An alignment rod 522 extends from the second body 474 and extends through the second head 500 and the second drive wheel face 518 to align the coupling assembly 470 . A plurality of separation holes 504 are provided around the alignment rod 522 to provide a mechanism for disengaging the first drive wheel 484 from the second drive wheel 516 . A release spring/washer (not shown) is located in the release groove (not shown). The breakaway mechanism 508 is arranged to contact a spring/washer (not shown) to apply the bias, and the breakout pins 510 pass through the breakout holes 504 and are secured by the retaining clips 512 .

During operation, the crowbar extends from the first attachment end 476 adjacent the first head 478 and the second attachment end 498 adjacent the second head 500 . Between the first head 478 and the second head 500 is a drive wheel cavity 480 which houses a spring 482 biased away from the first head 478 . The first drive wheel 484 is aligned by the alignment rod 522 and rests against the spring 482 . The first transmission wheel 484 also abuts against the second transmission wheel 516 such that two or more first transmission gear teeth 494 mesh with two or more second transmission gear teeth 520, thereby constraining the first transmission wheel 484 or the free movement of the second transmission wheel 516. The second head 500 includes a breakaway slot 502 in which is mounted a breakout mechanism 508 that contacts a spring/washer 506 and includes breakout pins 510 that pass through breakout holes 504 and are secured by retaining clips 512 .

When the release mechanism 508 is pressed, the spring/washer 506 is depressed and the release pin 510 moves inwardly through the plurality of release holes 504 and against the first drive wheel 484, thereby compressing the spring, washer or washer 482 and enabling The first transmission wheel 484 is separated from the second transmission wheel 516 .

Figure 19 is an exploded isometric view of the transmission of Figure 18, adapted to fit a multiplying gear set. The coupling assembly may be used in a variety of devices including crowbars, door access devices, movable jaws, jacks, hoists, and the like. The coupling assembly 524 includes a first body 526 and a second body 528 that cooperate with two sides of the hinge base 530 . The first body 526 includes a first connecting end 532 adjacent to a first head 534 . The first head portion 534 includes a gear cavity 536 within the first head portion 534 for receiving a first gear shaft 538 connected to the first gear portion 540, here a planetary gear, but other types of transmissions are also possible. wheel. The hinge seat 530 includes a first hinge seat side 542 and a second hinge seat side 544 separated by a ring gear aperture 546 . The first hinged seat side 542 is adapted to mate with the first head 534 . Ring gear bore 546 receives ring gear 548 . In this embodiment, the ring gear bore 546 is polygonal in shape, but may have any other desired shape. The hinge base 530 includes a base 550 having a flat bottom surface for supporting the hinge base assembly. Additionally, ring gear bore 546 and ring gear 548 may be constructed from a single piece and integrated into a single device. Size, shape, material, location, etc. may vary according to the specific application. Ring gear 548 includes an inner bore 552 with a plurality of inner ring teeth 554 therein. Outer wall 556 is configured to be secured within ring gear bore 546 . A set of gears 558 is positioned within bore 552 to contact inner ring teeth 554 and first gear portion 540 . The set of gears 558 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or similar pitches. The set of gears 558 is connected to a second body 528 that includes a second connection end 560 adjacent a second head 562 . In operation, applying a force to the first connection end 532 causes the first gear portion 540 to move, and as the first gear portion moves, the set of gears 558 interacting with it causes the second body 528 including the second connection end 560 to move . The amount of force required may vary with the particular gears and ratios used in the invention.

Figure 20A is an exploded isometric view of a gear transmission with multiple jaws and a single knob and multiplying gear set. The opening mechanism 570 may also be used in a variety of devices including crowbars, door access devices, movable jaws, jacks, hoists, and the like. The opening mechanism 570 includes a first body 572 and a second body 574 matched with two sides. The first body 572 includes a gear cavity 576 within the first body 572 for housing a set of gears 578 which in this embodiment includes a transfer gear 580 and a pair of jaw gears 582a and 582b. The function of the transfer gear 580 is to drive the pair of jaw gears 582a, 582b, which can be done with similar gear ratios 582a and 582b with similar gear ratios, or with gears with different gear ratios with different gear ratios. The set of gears 558 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or similar pitches. Jaw gears 582a and 582b (which may also be of unitary construction) house shafts 584a and 584b. Jaws 586a and 586b are connected to shafts 584a and 584b such that rotation of drive gear 580 drives jaw gears 582a and 582b, which in turn drive jaws 586a and 586b. The amount of force required will vary depending on the particular gear and transmission ratio used in the invention. The transmission gear 580 , jaw plate gears 582 a and 582 b , shafts 584 a and 584 b , and jaw plates 586 a and 586 b are movably installed between the first body 572 and the second body 574 . The drive gear 580 includes an insert bore 588 configured to receive a ratchet insert 590 . The ratchet insert 590 is fixed in the insertion hole 588 of the transmission gear 580 . The ratchet handle 592 has a first connection end 594 adjacent a first head 596 . The first head 596 has a fixing hole 598 for fixing the ratchet handle 592 to the second body 574 . The breakaway mechanism 600 is arranged to contact a spring/washer (not shown) for biasing, and a plurality of breakaway pins 602 pass through a plurality of breakaway holes 604 and are secured by retaining clips (not shown). The first gear rod 606 extends out from the first head 596 for alignment and against the spring 482 . The first head 596 includes a second gear (not shown) that cooperates with the ratchet insert 590 to limit free movement.

Figure 20B is an isometric perspective view of a transmission with multiple jaws and a single knob and multiplying gear set. The opening mechanism 570 may also be used in a variety of devices including crowbars, door access devices, physical jaws, jacks, hoists, and the like. The opening mechanism 570 includes a first body 572 and a second body 574 matched with two sides. The first body 572 includes a gear cavity (not shown) within the first body 572 for housing a set of gears (not shown) and a pair of jaw gears (not shown). Rotation of ratchet handle 592 drives jaws 586a and 586b. The amount of force required will vary according to the particular gear and transmission ratio used in the invention. The ratchet handle 592 includes a first connection end 594 adjacent a first head 596 . The first head 596 has a breakaway mechanism 600 for moving the ratchet handle 592 without moving the jaws 586a and 586b.

Figure 21 is an exploded isometric view of a gear transmission with a multiplying gear set used as a transmission extension. Drive extensions may be used in a variety of devices including ratchets, sleeves, derailleurs, drive trains, and the like. The drive extension 610 includes mating first body 612 and second body 614 . The first body 612 includes a first connection end 616 adjacent to the first gear portion 618 . The first head portion 612 includes a gear cavity 620 within the first head portion 612 for receiving a first connection end 616 connected to the first gear portion 618 by a rod 622, here a planetary gear, but other type of transmission wheel. The first body 612 includes a ring gear hole 624 for receiving a ring gear 626, which in this embodiment is polygonal, but may have other desired shapes. Ring gear bore 624 and ring gear 626 may be formed from a single piece and integrated into a single device. Size, shape, material, location, etc. may vary according to the specific application. Ring gear 626 includes an inner bore 628 with inner ring teeth 630 therein. Outer wall 632 is configured to be secured within ring gear bore 624 . A set of gears 634 is positioned within bore 628 in contact with inner ring teeth 630 and first gear portion 618 . The set of gears 634 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or similar pitches. The set of gears 634 is connected to the second body 614 having a second connection end 636 proximate to the second body 614 . The second connection end 636 also includes a second connection hole 638 designed to receive a transmission mechanism (not shown), which may be a socket, ratchet, wrench, head, extension, bit, drill bit, and the like. Other devices known in the art. A thumbwheel 640 is also attached to the second body 614 and may be secured by screws 642 and welds (not shown). Rod 622 is connected to one or more washers 644 , biasing mechanism 646 , first sliding end piece 648 , and second sliding end piece 650 . In operation, the second coupling hole 638 is fitted into the ratchet. When the ratchet turns, the lever 622 turns and causes the set of gears 634 to turn and the first gear portion 618 to turn the first connection end 616 . The first connection end 616 may be adapted to receive ratchets, wrenches, heads, extensions, cutter bits, drill bits, and other instruments known in the art. In another embodiment, the ring gear 626 includes an inner bore 628 with inner ring teeth 630 therein, and the outer wall 632 is configured to be secured within the ring gear bore 624 . The set of gears 634 is positioned to allow insertion and removal of a replaceable connecting gear (not shown) having a first connecting end 616 connected to the first gear portion 618 by a rod 622 . An interchangeable coupling gear (not shown) can be inserted in a manner similar to a splined drive wrench and allows conversion of different transmission sizes (1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, etc. ).

Figure 22 is an exploded isometric view of a gear transmission including a compound multiplying gear set as an extension of the transmission. Drive extensions may be used in a variety of devices including ratchets, sleeves, derailleurs, drive trains, and the like. The transmission extension structure 610 includes a first body 612 and a second body 614, which include a first gear set 644 and a second gear set 646 for providing different multi-stage transmission ratios. The rod 622 extends through the first plate hole 648 into the first connection end 616 on one side of the first gear plate 650 with the first gear portion 618 disposed on the opposite side of the first gear plate 650 . The first connection end 616 may be adapted to receive ratchets, wrenches, heads, extensions, cutter bits, drill bits, and other implements known in the art. A first set of gears 634 is disposed about the first gear portion 618 and is sandwiched between a first gear plate 650 and a second gear plate 652 . The second gear portion 654 is arranged on the opposite side of the second gear plate 652 . In this example it is a planetary gear, but other types of transmission wheels are also possible. The first head 612 includes a first gear cavity (not shown) and a second gear cavity 656 within the first head 612 for receiving the second gear portion 654 through an opening (not shown). The second set of gears 658 is positioned in the second gear cavity 656 and contacts the second gear portion 654 . The second set of gears 658 is mounted between the first body 612 and the second body 614 . The second body 614 includes a second connection end 636 and a second connection hole 638 designed to accommodate a transmission mechanism (not shown), which may be a socket, ratchet, wrench, head, extension, knife Bits, drills, and other instruments known in the art. These gear sets may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or similar pitches. Drive extension 610 may be secured at one end by ring 660 and at the other end by ring 662 .

In operation, the second connection hole 638 is attached to a device. When the second connection end 636 rotates, the second set of gears 658 rotates and causes the second gear portion 654 to rotate. As second gear portion 654 rotates, second gear plate 652 and first set of gears 634 rotate, thereby moving first gear portion 618 and rod 622 , which extends through first plate aperture 648 into first connection end 616 . The first connection end 616 may be connected to other devices such as sockets, ratchets, wrenches, heads, extensions, cutter bits, drill bits, and other instruments known in the art. The first gear set 644 and the second gear set 646 control the transmission ratio of the input to the output transmission, such as 10:1, 12:1, 15:1, 25:1, 50:1, etc.

23A-23D are isometric views of a hinged wrench. Figure 23A is a view of the hinged wrench at half thickness and Figure 23D is a view of the hinged wrench at full thickness. The following examples may be full thickness or half thickness, but are shown here at half thickness for illustration. Figure 23B is a view of a bent hinge wrench and Figure 23C is a view of a twisted hinge wrench. Figure 23A is a view of a hinged wrench. Hinge wrench 700 includes handle 702 connected to lower hinges 704a - 704e and upper hinge 706 .

24A-24C are isometric views of the component parts of the hinged wrench. FIG. 24A is an isometric view of handle 702 including handle portion 708 and handle connection end 710 . The handle connection end 710 includes a breakaway button hole 712 that accommodates a breakaway button 714 having a spring/washer 716 and a retaining ring 718 . A release spring/washer 716 is positioned in the release button hole 712, below the release button 714 to apply a bias. Breakaway button aperture 712 includes one or more breakaway holes 720 that receive one or more breakaway pins 722 on breakaway button 714 . Opposite the release button 714 is an alignment lever 724 to aid in the alignment of the components.

FIG. 24B is an isometric view of lower hinge 704 including lower hinge receiving end 726 and lower hinge connecting end 728 . The lower hinge connection end 728 includes a release button hole 712 that accommodates a release button 714 having a spring/washer 716 and a retaining ring 718 . A breakaway spring/washer 716 is seated in the breakaway button hole 712 for biasing under the breakaway button 714 . Breakaway button aperture 712 includes one or more breakaway holes 720 that receive one or more breakaway pins 722 on breakaway button 714 . Opposite the release button 714 is an alignment lever 724 to aid in the alignment of the components. The lower hinge receiving end 726 includes an insert hole (not shown) for receiving a spring/washer 730 and an insert 732 .

FIG. 24C is an isometric view of upper hinge 706 including upper hinge receiving end 734 and upper hinge connecting end 736 . The upper hinge receiving end 734 includes a first socket 738 for receiving the spring/washer 730 and the socket 732 . The sides of the first insert hole 738 are designed to receive and secure the spring/washer 730 and insert 732 . Insert 732 includes insert hole 740 and alignment rod hole 742 . The upper hinge connection end 728 includes a joint 744 for receiving a wrench, socket, ratchet, nut, bolt, etc., and may include a limit ball 746 and a limit spring 748 inserted into the ball hole 750 .

FIG. 24D is an isometric view of lower hinge 704 including lower hinge receiving end 726 and lower hinge connecting end 728 . The lower hinge connection end 728 includes a breakaway button hole (not shown) on the opposite side, which receives a breakaway button (not shown) on the opposite side. The breakaway button aperture (not shown) includes one or more breakaway holes 720 that receive one or more breakout pins (not shown) of the breakaway button (not shown). Opposite the release button (not shown) is an alignment post 724 to aid in the alignment of the components. The second socket hole 752 is disposed around the alignment rod 723 and includes the one or more breakout holes 720 receiving the one or more breakout pins.

Figure 24E is an isometric view of the hinged wrench assembly. Hinge wrench 700 includes a handle 702 connected to lower hinges 704a, 704b and upper hinge 706 . The handle 702 includes a release button 714 on the opposite side of an alignment bar 724 for assisting in the alignment and securing of components. The handle 702 mates with the lower hinge 704a such that the insert 732 and spring are positioned between the first socket 738 and a second socket (not shown) around the alignment rod 724 . The release button 714 is in contact with the alignment rod 724 so that pressing the release button 714 disengages the slug 732 from the second socket (not shown), allowing the handle 702 to rotate relative to the lower hinge 704 . Release of release button 714 causes slug 732 to be repositioned in first socket 738 and in a second socket (not shown) around alignment rod 724 . The release button 714 can also be pressed to allow the lower hinge 704 to disengage from the handle 702, thereby disassembling the wrench. Lower hinge 704a is connected to lower hinge 704b. Lower hinge 704a includes a release button (not shown) on the opposite side of alignment bar 724, which is used to aid in the alignment and securing of components. The lower hinge 704 a cooperates with the lower hinge 704 b such that the insert 732 and the spring 730 are disposed between the first insertion hole (not shown) and the second insertion hole 752 . The disengagement button 714 is in contact with the alignment rod 724, thus pressing the disengagement button 714 disengages the slug 732 from the second insertion hole 752, so that the lower hinge 704a can rotate relative to the lower hinge 704b. Release of the release button (not shown) causes the insert 732 to reposition in the first socket hole (not shown) and the second socket hole 752 around the alignment rod 724 . Disengage button 714 may also be depressed to allow disengagement of lower hinge 704a from lower hinge 704b, thereby disassembling the wrench. Lower hinge 704b is connected to upper hinge 706 . The lower hinge 704b includes a release button 714 on the opposite side of an alignment bar 724 for assisting in the alignment and securing of components. The lower hinge 704b cooperates with the upper hinge 706 such that the insert 732 and the spring 730 are positioned between the first insert hole 738 and a second insert hole (not shown) near the alignment rod 724 . The release button 714 is in contact with the alignment rod 724 so that pressing the release button 714 disengages the slug 732 from the second socket (not shown), allowing the lower hinge 704b to rotate relative to the upper hinge 706 . Release of release button 714 causes slug 732 to be repositioned in first socket 738 and in a second socket (not shown) around alignment rod 724 . Disengage button 714 may also be depressed to allow disengagement of lower hinge 704b from upper hinge 706, thereby disassembling the wrench. Upper hinge 706 includes a joint 744 for receiving a wrench, socket, ratchet, nut, bolt, etc., and may include a stop ball 746 .

In another embodiment, the hinged wrench may have a conventional wrench shape with first and second ends separated by a rod. The ends may be independently selected from box ends, open ends, ratchet wrenches, brake wrenches, and the like. The rod can have one or more hinges to allow the wrench to bend and swing back as needed. For example, a rod may have an upper hinge and a lower hinge connected by a joint. The upper hinge includes a release button on the opposite side of the alignment bar that is used to aid in the alignment and securing of components. The upper hinge cooperates with the lower hinge such that the insert and spring are positioned between the first insert hole and the second insert hole around the alignment rod. The release button is in contact with the alignment rod, whereby pressing the button disengages the insert from the second insert hole, allowing the upper hinge to rotate relative to the lower hinge. Release of the release button causes the insert to be repositioned in the first socket and in the second socket around the alignment rod. Another embodiment allows the release button to be depressed to allow the lower hinge to separate from the upper hinge, thereby removing the wrench. In certain embodiments, there are 1, 2, 3, 4 or more articulations in a single wrench.

25A-25C are views of telescoping rods for use with crowbars, support rods, or other implements described herein. FIG. 25A shows a first rod 760 that can be slid into a second receiving rod 762 . The length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted according to specific needs and can be manufactured in different lengths. The first rod 760 includes one or more openings 764 that secure a locking pin (not shown) located in the second receiving rod 762 . When the release button 766 is pressed, the locking pin (not shown) can be disengaged and the length can be adjusted. FIG. 25B shows a first rod 760 that can slide into a second receiving rod 762 and has a coupling assembly 278 on the first rod 760 . A device (such as a non-slip tripod, wedge, hammer, fork, axe, etc.) may be mounted on the first rod 760, the second receiving rod 762, or both. Figure 25C shows the first rod 760, which is square and can slide into the circular second receiving rod 762, but this structure can be adopted or modified by inventors in the art.

Figures 26A, 26B and 26C show views of a face drive wheel assembly with a reversal mechanism. Any embodiment given or contemplated by the present invention may include a compound drive wheel set having one face drive wheel set in the second face drive wheel and a plurality of teeth in opposite directions. For example, FIG. 26A is an exploded isometric view of the drive mechanism showing a dual end drive wheel set with a selector switch for selectively engaging the end drive wheels in a particular direction. In FIG. 26A , the first body (not shown) mates with the second body 474 . The second body 474 includes a second connection end 498 adjacent to the second head 500 . The second head 500 includes a separation groove 502 extending inwardly from the outside into at least a portion of the second head 500 . One or more separation holes 504 a and 504 b are provided in the separation groove 502 and extend from the separation groove 502 through the second head portion 500 . The second head 500 includes a second head end drive wheel hole (not shown) adapted to receive the first end drive wheel 484a located in the second head end drive wheel hole (not shown) and the first end drive wheel 484a located in the second head end drive wheel hole (not shown). A second first end face drive wheel 484b within one end face drive wheel 484a. The first face drive wheel 484a includes two or more first drive gear teeth 494a extending from the periphery of the first drive wheel face (not shown) across the drive wheel face to the center and adapted to allow for contact between the surfaces. friction between them. The second first face drive wheel 484b includes two or more first drive gear teeth 494b extending from the periphery of the first drive wheel face (not shown) across the drive wheel face to the center and adapted to allow friction between surfaces. The first end drive wheel 484a may include a first alignment hole 496a for facilitating alignment of the first end drive wheel 484a. The second first end drive wheel 484b fits into the first alignment hole 496a, the shape of the first alignment hole 496a can be any desired shape and can fix the first end drive wheel 484a to the second first end drive wheel 484b on. However, the first alignment hole 496a may be circular, and the second first face drive wheel 484b is secured by split pins 510a, 510b, 510c, and 510d extending through the one or more split holes 504a and 504b. The second first face drive wheel 484b also includes a first alignment hole 496b adapted to receive the positioning cylinder 228 . The positioning cylinder 228 positions the second first face drive wheel 484 b in the first face drive wheel 484 a and the second head 500 . The first end drive wheel 484a and the second first end drive wheel 484b have biasing mechanisms 482a, 482b, 482c, 482d for biasing the first end drive wheel 484a and the second first end drive wheel 484b away from the one or a plurality of separation holes 504a and 504b. In some embodiments, the device may include a reversing mechanism comprising a knob 24 disposed at least partially over the one or more separation holes 504a and 504b. The knob 24 has a set of two jaws (inner jaws 25a, 25b and outer jaws 25c, 25d), each pair at the end of the knob 24 and connected by two sections 23a and 23b. The reversing member 22 has a top extending through the main body backside 20 so as to move forward and backward. The counter piece 22 has 2 sets of attachment ends 27a and 27b which engage the 2 sections 23a and 23b of the knob 24 . In operation, the reversing mechanism is pressed forward and the inner jaws 25a and 25b move to engage the disengagement pins 510a and 510b, thereby moving the second first face drive wheel 484b away from the main body backside 20 to engage the mating drive wheel (not shown). When the second first face drive wheel 484b and the mating drive wheel move in one direction, they interlock and turn the body, but allow the teeth to move past each other when they move in the opposite direction. The counter mechanism is pressed back and the outer jaws 25c and 25d move to engage the release pins 510c and 510d, thereby moving the first face drive wheel 484a away from the main body backside 20 to engage a mating drive wheel (not shown). When the first face drive wheel 484a and the counter drive wheel move in one direction, they interlock and turn the body, but when they move in the opposite direction, allow the teeth to move past each other.

27A and 27B are a gear drive type compression ratchet wrench 800 . The geared compression ratchet wrench 800 of the present invention includes an upper housing 802 and a lower housing 804 which are assembled to form a drive wheel cavity 806 therebetween. A set of gears 808 are arranged in the transmission wheel cavity 806 . The set of gears 808 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears 812a, 812b, 812c, 812d with different or similar pitches and different gear ratios. The set of gears 808 may also include a handle adapter gear 814 and a ratchet adapter gear 816 connected to the set of gears 808 for coupling the first handle 818a to the drive adapter 820 . In one example, the set of gears 808 includes four gears with peripheral teeth. Gear 812a includes a plurality of teeth around the periphery for engaging gear 812c, and gear 812b rests on gear 812a to contact gear 812c. The gear 8112c has a plurality of teeth and contacts the gear 812d. Gear 812d is connected to ratchet adapter gear 816 which receives drive adapter 820 and may be secured with screw 822 . The first handle 818a is connected to the adapter gear 814 . When the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are compressed, the first handle 818a turns the handle adapter gear 814 , thereby turning the set of gears 808 . Thus, rotation of first handle 818a causes gear 812a to transmit that motion to set of gears 808 and ultimately through set of gears 808 to drive adapter 820 . The second handle 818b can be positioned on the upper housing 802, the lower housing 804, or both. The set of gears 808 is connected to the second body 804 or is positioned on an insert disposed on the lower housing 804, the upper housing 802, or both. The upper housing 802, the lower housing 804, or both may have a second handle 818b that provides leverage to turn the first handle 818a. In operation, the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are pressed together thereby turning the adapter gear 814 which turns the set of gears 808 which in turn turns the ratchet adapter gear which houses the drive adapter 820 816. Additionally, ratchet adapter gear 816 includes a socket 824 that is shaped to receive drive adapter 820 . Other embodiments including the ratchet adapter gear 816 may include an insert 824 shaped to accommodate a spline drive, square bit, polygonal bit, etc. (not shown).

27B is a view of a geared compression ratchet wrench 800 with a pair of face drive wheels. The geared compression ratchet wrench 800 of the present invention includes an upper housing 802 and a lower housing 804 which are assembled to form a gear cavity 806 therebetween. In the gear cavity 806 is located a set of gears 808 . The set of gears 808 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears 812a, 812b, 812c, 812d with different or identical pitches and different gear ratios. The set of gears 808 may also include a handle adapter gear 814 and a ratchet adapter gear 816 connected to the set of gears 808 for connecting the first handle 818a to the drive adapter 820, respectively. Handle adapter gear 814 may include a set of face gears 826 a , wherein teeth 830 of face gear set 826 a are disposed on top surface 828 of handle adapter gear 814 , and a plurality of teeth 830 are arranged around the periphery of handle adapter gear 814 . The first handle 818a includes a set of mating face gears 826b disposed on the bottom surface (not shown) of a face gear insert (not shown) disposed about a positioning cylinder 834 such that the set The teeth of the mating face gear 826b are aligned. The set of gears 808 includes four gears with peripheral teeth. Gear 812a is peripherally toothed to engage gear 812c, and gear 812b is placed on gear 812a to contact gear 812c. Gear 812c has a plurality of teeth that contact gear 812d. Gear 812d is connected to ratchet adapter gear 816 which receives drive adapter 820 and can be secured with screw 822 . The first handle 818a is connected to the adapter gear 814 . When the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are compressed, the first handle 818a turns the handle adapter gear 814 , thereby turning the set of gears 808 . Thus, rotation of first handle 818a causes gear 812a to transmit that motion to set of gears 808 and ultimately through set of gears 808 to drive adapter 820 . The second handle 818b can be positioned on the upper housing 802, the lower housing 804, or both. The set of gears 808 is connected to the second body 804 or is positioned on an insert disposed on the lower housing 804, the upper housing 802, or both. The upper housing 802, the lower housing 804, or both may include a second handle 818b that provides leverage to rotate the first handle 818a. In operation, the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are pressed together to rotate the adapter gear 814 which turns the set of gears 808 which in turn turns the ratchet which receives the drive adapter 820 Fitting gear 816. Additionally, ratchet adapter gear 816 includes a socket 824 configured to receive drive adapter 820 . Other embodiments including the ratchet adapter gear 816 may include a socket 824 configured to accommodate a spline drive, square bit, polygonal bit, etc. (not shown).

The set of gears 808 can have a variety of different configurations (increased gear ratio, reduced gear ratio, strength, size, etc.) depending on space constraints and the particular application. For example, gear configurations may be employed to provide increasing and decreasing gear ratios. Engagement of gear teeth and gear arrangements may be used to allow changes in torque and speed between input and output values. For example, the combination of 8-tooth gears 8A, 8B, 8C and 40-tooth gears 40A, 40B, 40C creates a significantly reduced gear ratio. For example, the final drive ratio between 8-tooth gear 8A and 40-tooth gear 40A is 125:1. This is accomplished by driving the 8-tooth gear 8A of the 40-tooth gear 40B, the 8-tooth gear 8B driving the 40-tooth gear 40C, and the -8 tooth of the 40-tooth gear 40A in a 5:1 gear ratio. Gears 8C combine to convert an input of 100 rpm to an output of 0.8 rpm (the conversion could also be done by converting an input of 0.8 rpm to an output of 100 rpm). Another example includes the 40-tooth drive gear 40A being connected to the 8-tooth gear 8A to form a 1:5 gear ratio, ie the 8-tooth gear 8A rotates at 5 rpm based on the drive gear 40A rotating at 1 rpm. The 20-tooth driving gear 20A and the 24-tooth driving gear 40B mesh with the 40-tooth driving gear 40A, thereby forming a transmission ratio of 1:2 and 1:1.66, that is, the speed of the driving gear 40A is 1 rpm, and the speed of the gear 20A and gear 40B are respectively 2rpm and 1.66rpm.

28A is a view of a drive type compression ratchet wrench 800 with a pair of face drive wheels. The transmission type compression ratchet wrench 800 of the present invention includes an upper housing 802 and a lower housing 804 which are assembled to form a transmission wheel cavity 806 therebetween. In operation, first handle 818a and second handle 818b are pressed together to rotationally drive fitting 820 . The first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are connected to different parts of the upper housing 802 and/or the lower housing 804, respectively. A group of transmission wheels 808 are arranged in the transmission wheel cavity 806 . The description of the group of transmission wheels 808 has been described through an embodiment in FIG. 19 , FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 . The set of transmission wheels 808 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or the same pitch and different gear ratios. This group of drive wheels can be connected on the lower housing 804 through a set of end face drive wheels 826 arranged in the gear cavity 806, and the set of end face drive wheels and a set of end face drive wheels on the bottom surface of the set of drive wheels 808 (not shown shown) fit. The set of drive wheels 808 is connected to a kinematic adapter 820 that extends from the upper housing 802 and is positioned by a member 836 . The set of end drive wheels 826 cooperates with the set of counter drive wheels (not shown) to allow teeth (not shown) of the set of counter drive wheels (not shown) to pass over the set of counter drive wheels (not shown) when rotating in one direction. The teeth 830 on the face drive wheel 826 lock each other when rotating in opposite directions. A direction selection mechanism may be used in this embodiment (eg as in Figure 26). A biasing mechanism 838 may be disposed between the set of face drive wheels 826 and the bottom surface of the lower housing 804 (eg, as in FIG. 18, the button mechanism of FIG. 18 may also be incorporated into different embodiments). In operation, the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are pressed together to rotate the set of face drive wheels 826 and the set of counter drive wheels (not shown) on the bottom surface of the set of drive wheels 808 . When the set of opposite end drive wheels (not shown) rotates, the set of drive wheels 808 is rotated and drives the drive adapter 820 extending from the upper housing 802 to rotate.

28B is a view of a drive type compression ratchet wrench 800 with a pair of face drive wheels. The transmission type compression ratchet wrench 800 of the present invention includes an upper housing 802 and a lower housing 804 which are assembled to form a transmission wheel cavity 806 therebetween. The drive wheel cavity 806 also has an alignment rod 838 . In operation, the first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are pressed together to rotate the drive adapter 820 . The first handle 818a and the second handle 818b are connected to different parts of the upper housing 802 and/or the lower housing 804, respectively. A group of transmission wheels 808 are arranged in the transmission wheel cavity 806 . The set of drive wheels 808 includes a first face drive wheel 840 having a first set of teeth 842 around the periphery of the first face drive wheel 840 , and a set of first face drive wheels 840 disposed on the top surface of the first face drive wheel 840 . Wheel face teeth 844. The first end drive wheel 840 also includes a first end drive wheel alignment hole 846 . The set of drive wheels 808 includes a second face drive wheel 848 having a set of second face drive wheel face teeth 850 disposed on a bottom surface 852 of the second face drive wheel 848 . The second end drive wheel 848 is connected to the second handle 818b such that movement of the second handle 818b turns the second end drive wheel 848 . In FIG. 28B, the second face drive wheel 848 has a pair of stems 856 that fit into stem holes 858a and 858b of the second handle 818b. The second handle 818b also includes a handle alignment hole 860 that receives the alignment rod 838 . Drive adapter 820 is positioned within drive wheel cavity 806 by being positioned on drive adapter post 862 secured to lower housing 904 . Drive adapter 820 includes adapter teeth 864 that engage a first set of teeth 842 disposed on the periphery of first face drive wheel 840 . As first face drive wheel 840 rotates, first set of teeth 842 disposed around the perimeter rotate adapter teeth 864 , thereby rotating drive adapter 820 . The set of second face drive wheel face teeth 850 is aligned on the bottom surface 852 of the second face drive wheel 848 with the set of first face drive wheel face teeth 844 on the top surface of the first face drive wheel 840 . The second end drive wheel 848 also includes a second end drive wheel alignment hole 854 . The alignment rod 838 is fitted into the first end drive wheel alignment hole 846 to position the first end drive wheel 840 in the drive wheel cavity 806 such that the set of first end drive wheel face teeth 844 disengages from the drive wheel cavity 806 rise up. The second end drive wheel 848 is positioned such that the set of second end drive wheel face teeth 850 is aligned with the set of first end drive wheel face teeth 844 by aligning the second end drive wheel with the hole 854 and the alignment bar. 838 assembled together to achieve. In an alternative embodiment, the second handle 818b includes a second face drive wheel face tooth 850 for contacting the first face drive wheel 840 . Similarly, the second face drive wheel 848 may be circular, oval, square, tooth sector, or any other shape that provides tooth contact. The description of the set of transmission wheels 808 has been described in an embodiment shown in FIG. 19 , FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 . The set of transmission wheels 808 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears with different or the same tooth pitch and different transmission ratios, and may also include its teeth Insert face gears facing in the opposite direction. As in any of the examples given herein, the gear ratio can be changed to any suitable ratio by changing the pitch, size, location, etc. of the gears and/or teeth, e.g. the ratio could be 1.5:1, 2.5:1 , 3.5:1, 4.5:1, 5.5:1, 6.5:1, 7.5:1, 8.5:1, 9.5:1, 10.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5 :1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1 , 50:1, etc., this ratio can be used for the transmission ratio in the opposite direction, it can also be 50:1, etc.

Although the drive wheels described in the various embodiments show specific gear types, those skilled in the art will recognize that other types of drive wheels may also be used. For example, spur gears have tooth contact that is primarily rolling, where sliding occurs during engagement and disengagement. A rack and pinion is basically a straight line variant of a cylindrical gear. Inner ring gears include cylindrical gears with meshing teeth inside or outside the ring and are often used in conjunction with cylindrical gears. Inner ring gears may be used in planetary gear configurations. Helical gears include cylindrical gears with helical teeth. The helical rack gear is straight in shape and cooperates with the rotating helical gear. A herringbone gear can have left-handed and right-handed helical teeth. The face gear is a disc with a ring of teeth cut out on one side. The gear teeth taper toward the center of the tooth. Worm gear teeth are similar to meshing with a helical gear, except that they envelop the worm when viewed along the worm axis. Double enveloping worm gears have a radially varying pitch circle diameter. This increases the number and size of tooth shear zones. Straight bevel gears have tapered, tapered teeth that intersect with the same profile. Bevel gears are used to transmit motion between shafts whose centerlines intersect. The angle of intersection is typically 90 degrees, but can be as high as 180 degrees. If the mating gears are the same size and the shafts are set at 90 degrees to each other, they are called miter gears. The teeth of bevel gears can also be cut in a curved fashion, resulting in spiral bevel gears that work smoother and quieter than straight-cut triple gears. Spiral bevel gears have helical angled helical teeth. Helical gears (crossing helical gears) are helical gears with opposite helix angles that mesh with their axes crossing.

Socket adapters can be configured to fit sockets of conventional sizes (e.g. 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, ¹ _1/4 , ¹ _1/2 , ^{1 3/4} , ₂ , 2 _1/4 ,2 ^1/2 , ₂ ^3/4 , ₃ etc.). Furthermore, the sleeve joint can be configured as a spline drive or as a face gear. The textured region of the handle may be formed in or disposed on the handle portion and be constructed of rubber, plastic, metal, polymer, leather, wood, or other suitable material.

In this document, the term "socket" refers to traditional sockets, such as metric sockets, graded sockets, long sockets, short sockets, chrome sockets or impact sockets, etc., in the shape of hexagonal, dodecagonal, flower Keys, Torx stars, etc.

In this context, several examples can be composed and adapted for use in all types of wrenches, such as a block wrench or block wrench: a one-piece wrench with a U-shaped opening that grips opposite sides of a bolt or nut. Such wrenches are usually double-ended, with openings at each end of a different size. The ends are usually oriented at an angle of approximately 15 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle. This allows a wide range of movement in closed spaces by turning the wrench; ring or box wrench (staggered ends): an integral wrench with a closed opening that grips multiple faces of a bolt or nut. Notches are usually hexagonal or dodecagonal openings for polygonal nut or bolt heads. Dodecagonal openings mount to fasteners at up to twice the angle, with the advantage that wobble is limited. Octagonal wrenches are also manufactured for lag nuts and bolt heads. Ring wrenches are usually double-ended and generally have staggered handles for better access to the nut or bolt. Combination wrench or combination wrench: A double-ended tool that resembles a wrench or wrench at one end and a box or ring wrench at the other end, usually for the same size bolt. Conical Nut Wrench, Pipe Wrench, or Line Wrench: Used to grip nuts on both ends of a pipe. This type of wrench is similar to a box wrench but does not fully enclose the nut and has a small opening but is wide enough to allow the wrench to sit on the pipe. This allows for maximum access to the vertical nut, which is usually a softer metal and therefore more likely to be damaged by a dull wrench; adjustable wrench/wrench, adjustable end wrench, adjustable wrench or adjustable wrench: with adjustable ( Open-end wrench with usually smooth) jaws; adjustable wrench or pneumatic clamp, which is an old-style adjustable-end wrench with a straight-arm handle and smooth jaws; pipe wrench: an adjustable-end wrench with self-tightening properties and rigidity serrated jaws, which grip only soft iron pipe and fittings; socket wrenches, universal joints, and socket wrenches: a hollow cylinder seated on one end of a nut or bolt head, which may include a handle, but is usually associated with A variety of driving tools are used, and it usually has a hexagonal notch or a dodecagonal notch, can be a short or long sleeve type, and can have an embedded universal joint. Commonly used transmission handles are: bending (hinge) handles, which are also known as connection nut wrenches or soft head nut wrenches, and are often called demolition rods. It is the long, non-ratcheting rod that is often used for self-seizing bolts and nuts. The extra length of the wrench allows the same amount of force to be applied to produce a force significantly greater than can be exerted with a standard length ratchet wrench. Ratchet wrench: includes a one-way mechanism that allows the socket to be turned without moving it away from the nut and bolt, but simply moves the wrench back and forth; snap-action handle, rocker handle, or snap-action crank; screwdriver handle: used for A nut driver uses a socket like a nut driver; a breakout rod: it is an extended handle for a socket wrench that adds extra torque to loosen tightly screwed or jammed fasteners. Torque Wrench: A socket wrench driven tool that measures the amount of rotational force applied to the socket, which can be visually indicated by a rod or scale, or simply slips when a set torque is exceeded. Torque wrenches are also classified as measuring tools; Crowfoot socket wrench: A socket designed to fit certain drive handles like regular sockets, but not cylindrical. Both ends are the same shape as the ends of a wrench, box wrench, or cone nut wrench. These sockets are used where space is limited where conventional sockets cannot be used, and they are in principle used in conjunction with torque wrenches. Torque (Saltus) Wrench: Similar in design to a socket wrench, it features a socket that is permanently affixed to the handle, the socket is not replaceable as with a socket wrench, and the socket often rotates around the handle to allow the user to Approach fasteners at different angles. Typically, a torque wrench is the part of a double end wrench with the flat head on the opposite side of the socket head. Socket wrench: a tube with a 6-sided socket at both ends, which is rotated by inserting a short rod (such as a screwdriver or T-bar) into the two holes in the middle of the tube; percussion/impact wrench: wrench (screw wrench Both type and ring wrench types) have a closed end to the handle, are designed for use with a hammer and are often used to remove large nuts and bolts where the knocking vibration is effective on damaged rust.

Square-hole screw-head wrenches/socket wrenches for screws and bolts with internal bores, including: square-hole screw-head wrenches, hexagonal socket or L-shaped hexagonal wrenches, (usually) L-shaped wrenches, by Manufactured in different sizes of hex wire for rotating screw or bolt heads designed with a hex recess to accept a wrench. Bristol Wrench or Bristol Spline Wrench: Designed for socket head cap screws and bolts Another type of wrench with a cross-section similar to a square-toothed gear, but not a conventional design, it is mainly used for small screws. Torx star wrench: hexagon socket head screw design with a cross section resembling a star, commonly used in the automotive industry, automation equipment and computer components, because of its resistance to wrench bulging, it is suitable for use in power tools used in all types of production line assembly . Strap or Chain Wrench: A self-tightening wrench having a metal, leather, or rubber chain or strap attached to a handle, used to grip and rotate a smooth cylindrical object (such as an automotive oil filter). In the bicycle repair world, they are known as wrap chains and are primarily used to remove and install cassettes on rear hubs. Schematic showing how a pipe wrench allows a user to grasp different sizes of lag fasteners. Pipe Wrench: An early common type of wrench used by mechanics, factory workers, and farmers for maintenance, repair, and operations in an era when fasteners typically had square heads rather than hex heads. The shape of the wrench suggests a crocodile opening shape. Double handle tap wrench, taper wrench: Extra thin wrench used for adjusting the inner race of a bearing on a wheel hub. The front hubs are mostly 13mm and the rear hubs are mostly 15mm. Spoke wrench or spoke wrench: The wrench has clearance slots for wire spokes such as bicycle spokes and a drive head for adjusting union nuts. Tap Wrench: A two-handled wrench used to turn the square drive on a tap in tapping operations (such as cutting a female thread on a nut) or precision reaming taps. Die wrench: Double handle wrench, used to rotate the die in tapping operations (such as cutting male threads on bolts). A barrel wrench, also known as a "barrel opener," is a tool commonly used to open large 55-gallon barrels. Phillips Wrench: A socket wrench used to turn tire nuts onto car wheels. Pipe wrench: A tool used for screwing (forcibly turning) various pipes when sealing. Tuning Wrench: A socket wrench used for tuning certain stringed instruments. Oil filter wrench: A wrench used to remove a cylindrical oil filter, it can be a strap wrench or a socket. Sink wrench: A self-tightening wrench installed at one end of a torque tube, with the horizontal handle at the opposite end, used to tighten the pipe joint of the sink drain valve in a ceramic sink. This type of nut is usually placed deep in the groove, and its self-tightening The head can be turned over to loosen the joint, this type of wrench is also known as a basin wrench. Hole Wrench or Small Hole Punch: A steel frame installation tool consisting of a regular wrench on one end and a spike on the other, used to align bolt holes (usually in the case of matching two pipe flanges ), often called a long handle wrench in the United States. Golf Stud Wrench: A T-handle wrench with two pins and clearance for the studs, allowing the studs to be inserted into and removed from the shoe. Cap nut wrench: A flat wrench with a round hole and two inwardly protruding pins used to engage slots in a nut used on bicycles to secure the fork pivot bearing to the top rail of the frame. Hydrant wrench (hose coupling): A hose coupling has a threaded collar that includes a raised pin. The end of the wrench handle has an arcuate bend for engaging the pin. Hydrant wrench (valve operator): This pentagonal (five-sided) type socket wrench avoids the use of a hexagonal shape for protrusions so that the valve will not be damaged, wherein the opposite sides are not parallel. Opening a fire hydrant illegally is nearly impossible because those who would like to do so do not have the proper tools.

In addition to mechanical direction selection and disengagement mechanisms, the present invention also employs magnet mechanisms to select directions, select gears, and engage or disengage one or more gears. Many permanent magnets can be used in the present invention, such as rare earth magnets, ceramic magnets, Alnico magnets, which can be rigid, semi-rigid and flexible magnets. Flexible magnets made by doping flexible materials such as neoprene rubber, vinyl, nitrile, nylon or plastic with magnetic materials such as magnetic iron filings will be used in the present invention.

Other examples for use as described above are rare earth magnets, including neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) and samarium cobalt (SmCo) type magnets. Within each category there are multiple grades with a wide variety of performance and application requirements. Rare earth magnets are available in sintered and bonded forms.

Ceramic magnets are sintered permanent magnets composed of barium ferrite (BaO(Fe ₂ O ₃ ).sub.n) or tin ferrite (SnO(Fe ₂ O ₃ ) _n ), where n is the number of ferrites Variables. Also known as anisotropic hexagonal ferrites, these magnets are useful because of their good demagnetization resistance and low cost. Although ceramic magnets tend to be hard and brittle and require special processing techniques, these magnets can be used in magnetic retention mechanisms to very precise specifications. Anisotropic grades are oriented during fabrication and must be magnetized in a specific direction. Ceramic magnets can also be isotropic and are often more practical due to their lower cost. Ceramic magnets can be used in many applications and can be prepackaged or formed for use in the present invention.

A flexible magnet is a magnet constructed of a material that is flexible and bonded to a magnetic material. Flexible magnets offer product designers a unique combination of desired properties at low cost. An advantage of materials that are flexible and incorporate magnetic compositions is that they can be bent, twisted, crimped, die stamped, and otherwise machined into almost any shape without loss of magnetic field. Under normal working conditions, it is desirable to use flexible magnets because they do not require coating, are corrosion-resistant, are easy to process, are easy to handle, and can be compounded with magnetic materials with high magnetic energy.

More expensive magnet materials such as rare earth metal magnets can be coated onto flexible backing materials such as plastic, nylon and polypropylene and will have excellent magnetic strength and flexibility. Additionally, flexible magnets can be made very thin, for example 1/18 inch thick or less.

Flexible magnets can also be attached to the magnetic holding mechanism of the present invention by adhesives suitable for various environments. The type of adhesive used to bond the flexible magnet will depend on the specific application, eg the adhesive may be pressure sensitive. The magnets may be laminated with eg a pressure sensitive adhesive. The adhesives used in the present invention are known to those skilled in the art.

AlNiCo magnets are primarily composed of AlNiCo alloys and are characterized by excellent temperature stability, high residual flux density and relatively high energy. Alnico magnets are manufactured by casting or sintering. Cast magnets can be manufactured to very high specifications and can have very specific shapes. Sintered AlNiCo magnets are slightly less magnetic than cast magnets, but have higher mechanical properties.

Alnico magnets are very corrosion resistant. Although AlNiCo magnets are susceptible to demagnetization, this problem can be overcome with simple operating instructions. The advantage of AlNiCo magnets is that temperature has little effect on their magnetic properties.

Additionally, the invention can be used in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Specifically, the dog can be used to select clockwise or counterclockwise rotation by selecting which knob moves the dog to engage the gear and restricts rotation in the opposite direction. In other embodiments, dogs may be used to disengage a gear set to limit movement. Magnets can also be used instead of dogs to engage a set of gears or disengage a gear or set of gears. Additionally, magnets and jaws can be used in combination as a redundant system or as an engagement mechanism. In other embodiments the gear teeth are disposed around the gear rim and the dogs are selectively engaged to the teeth.

The present invention provides a drive wheel set for transmitting torque comprising: an upper drive wheel having an at least partially textured upper drive wheel face; at least one double-sided intermediate drive wheel, each intermediate drive wheel comprising an at least partially textured an intermediate gear first face on the opposite side of an at least partially textured intermediate drive wheel second face configured to engage said at least partially textured upper drive wheel face; a lower drive wheel comprising An at least partially textured lower drive wheel face configured to engage the at least partially textured second intermediate drive wheel second face to transfer torque from the upper drive wheel to the lower drive wheel. The drive wheel set is adapted to fit within the cavity of the ratchet, and the at least partially textured upper drive wheel face, the at least partially textured middle drive wheel first face, the at least partially textured middle Both the second surface of the drive wheel and the at least partially textured lower drive wheel surface may independently include a spline surface, a rib face, a stepped surface, a textured surface, a wavy surface, an undulating surface, a twill surface, and a line pattern surface, grooved surface, mating surface, toothed surface, shot peened surface, smooth surface, rough surface, viscous surface or other surfaces suitable to allow friction between surfaces. The transmission wheel set can include at least one double-sided intermediate transmission wheel, which includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more gears, and the one or more double-sided The intermediate gears include a first set of one or more intermediate drive wheels stacked on a second set of one or more double-sided intermediate drive wheels. The drive wheel set may be provided in a ratchet, box wrench, coupling assembly, right angle connector or similar arrangement. Gear sets can be operably disposed in automobiles, motorcycles, buses, trucks, trains, airplanes, boats, ships, watercraft, bicycles, carts, golf carts, trolleys, recreational wagons, transmissions, linkages, gearboxes , differentials, overdrives, drive shafts, turbines, wind mills, pulleys, winches, fixtures, manipulators, drills, saws, construction equipment, hoists, compressors, cranes, grinding machines, winches, watches, copiers , tie-down tools, 0-90-degree angle connection mechanisms for tools, and other components with gears.

While this invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, the description herein is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and combinations of the exemplary embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the invention, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover any such modifications or embodiments.

It is contemplated that any embodiment described in the specification can be practiced with any method, device, reagent or composition of the invention, and vice versa. In addition, compositions of the present invention may be used to implement methods of the present invention.

It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are shown by way of example and not limitations of the invention. The principal features of this invention can be employed in various embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain by routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific procedures described herein. Such equivalents are considered to be within the scope of this invention and are covered by the claims.

All publications and patent applications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of skill of those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. All publications and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

The word "a" when used in conjunction with the term "comprising" in the claims and/or specification means "single", but also "one or more", "at least one", "one or more than one" unanimous. The term "or" in the claims means "and/or" unless expressly stated to mean only both or both are mutually exclusive, although the disclosure supports a definition meaning only both and "and/or". Throughout this application, the term "about" is used to describe a value that includes the inherent variation in error of the devices and methods used to determine the value, or the variation that exists among the subjects studied.

As used in the specification and claims, the terms "comprise" (and any form thereof, such as its singular and plural), "have" (and any form thereof, such as its singular and plural), "comprise" (and any form thereof, such as its singular and plural ) or "comprising" (and any form thereof, such as its singular or plural) are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unspecified elements or method steps.

The term "or combinations thereof" as used herein refers to all permutations and combinations of the listed items preceding the term. For example, "A, B, C or a combination thereof" is intended to include at least one of the following: A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, ABC. If order is important in a particular context, BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC or CAB are also included. Following this example, explicitly include combinations that include one or more repetitions, such as BB, AAA, AAB, BBC, AAABCCCCC, BBAAA, CABABB, etc. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there is generally no limit to the number of items or terms in any combination, unless otherwise clear from the context.

All compositions and/or methods described and claimed herein can be made and carried out without undue experimentation in light of the teachings herein. Although the compositions and methods of the present invention have been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the compositions and/or methods and steps of the methods can be modified without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the present invention. or its order is modified. All such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and concept of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (38)

1. a kind of with the Manual lift start device for being driven multiplication mechanism, including：

First drive housing；

Handle, it stretches out from the first drive housing；

The the second drive housing matched with the first drive housing；

Elevating lever, stretches out from the second drive housing；

Portions, are connected to provide base with the first drive housing, the second drive housing or both；

Position-limit mechanism, the first drive housing is fixed on the second drive housing；

It is formed in the gear cavity between the first drive housing and the second drive housing；

Be arranged on the gear train in the gear cavity, the gear train include ring gear, the ring gear have be arranged on fixation One group of inner circular tooth in the endoporus of the ring gear on to the first drive housing；Two with one or more teeth or More than two planetary gears, this group of inner circular tooth of these tooth contacts ring gears；It is arranged on described two or two or more Contacting the center sun gear of one or more of teeth between planetary gear；Be connected to the center sun gear and be fixed to Connector on the second drive housing, wherein the rotation of the handle causes the ring gear to rotate, and the rim gear wheel Two or more planetary gears and center sun gear is driven to rotate, so that moving lifting bar so that the handle is with its turn The multiple of speed rotates the elevating lever.

2. Manual lift start mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gear bags Include 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or more planetary gears.

3. Manual lift start mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described two or more than two planetary It is shaped as circular or oval.

4. Manual lift start mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the multiple is 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5, 0.6th, 0.7,0.8,0.9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or bigger.

5. a kind of Planetary Gear Transmission type presses ratchet spanner, including：

The first drive housing with upper shed；

The second drive housing of the first drive housing is fixed to, the second drive housing has relative with the upper shed Second adaptation joint；

Position-limit mechanism, the first drive housing is fixed on the second drive housing；

It is fixed on the ring gear in the first drive housing, the ring gear has and is arranged in the endoporus of the ring gear One group of inner circular tooth；

Two or more planetary gears, its this group of inner circular tooth for contacting the ring gear；

Center sun wheel bore, is arranged between described two or more than two planetary gears to receive the removable center sun Wheel；

First adaptation joint, it is connected to the center sun gear and extends through the upper shed, the rotation of the second adaptation joint The rotation of the ring gear is caused, the rotation of two or more planetary gears and the center sun gear is in turn resulted in, made The first adaptation joint is obtained to be rotated with the multiple of the rotating speed of the second adaptation joint.

6. spanner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the removable center sun gear is included in first end to be used for Described two or more than two planetary spline gears are engaged, and be configured to receiving sleeve the first of the second end Adaptation joint.

7. spanner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the removable center sun gear is included in first end to be used for More than two planetary spline gears are engaged, and in the sleeve at the second end.

8. spanner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the second adaptation joint is adapted to receive driving instrument.

9. spanner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the second adaptation joint is adapted to receiving 1/4,1/2,3/ 4th, 1 driving instrument.

10. spanner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint is adapted to receive sleeve.

11. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, this first adaptation joint be adapted to receiving 1/4,1/2, 3/4th, 1 drive socket.

12. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also including set direction mechanism, its contact is described two or two One or more in planetary gear, the center sun gear and the ring gear more than individual.

13. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gears include 3,4, 5th, 6,7,8,9,10 or more planetary gears.

14. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, it is described two or more than two planetary be shaped as It is circular or oval.

15. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the multiple be 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7, 0.8th, 0.9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or bigger.

16. spanners according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the confession that the first drive housing is included in exterior circumferential is held The texture area held.

A kind of 17. multiplication extension mechanisms that can adjust rotation, including：

The first drive housing with the first opening；

The second drive housing on the first drive housing is fixed to, wherein the second drive housing has and opened first Second adaptation joint of mouth opposition side；

Position-limit mechanism, the first drive housing is fixed on the second drive housing；

Ring gear, it is fixed in the first drive housing, and the ring gear has the endoporus for being arranged on the ring gear In one group of inner circular tooth；

Two or more planetary gears, its this group of inner circular tooth for contacting the ring gear；

Center sun gear, is arranged between described two or more than two planetary gears；

First adaptation joint, it is connected to the central sun gear and extends through first opening, the second adaptation joint Rotation causes the ring gear to rotate, and then drives two or more planetary gears and center sun gear to rotate, so that The first adaptation joint is rotated with the multiple of the rotating speed of the second adaptation joint.

18. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint, the second adaptation connect Head or both is adapted to accommodate driving instrument.

19. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the second adaptation joint is adapted to hold Receive 1/4,1/2,3/4,1 driving instrument.

20. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint, the second adaptation connect Head or both is adapted to receiving sleeve.

21. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint is adapted to hold Receive sleeve, the second adaptation joint is adapted to accommodate driving instrument.

22. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, also including set direction mechanism, its contact institute State one or more in two or more planetary gears, the central sun gear and the ring gear.

23. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gears Including 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or more gears.

24. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gears It is circular or ellipse.

25. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the multiple be 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5, 0.6th, 0.7,0.8,0.9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or bigger.

26. multiplication extension mechanisms according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the first drive housing is included in outside The texture area for gripping of surrounding.

A kind of 27. multiplication adaptation joints that can adjust rotation, including：

The first drive housing with upper shed；

The second drive housing on the first drive housing is fixed on, the second drive housing has in the upper shed phase The the second adaptation joint tossed about；

Position-limit mechanism, the first drive housing is fixed on the second drive housing；

It is fixed on the ring gear in the first drive housing, the ring gear has and is arranged in the endoporus of the ring gear One group of inner circular tooth；

Two or more planetary gears, its this group of inner circular tooth for contacting the ring gear；

Center sun wheel bore, it is arranged between two or more planetary gears to accommodate the removable center sun Wheel；

First adaptation joint, it is connected to the center sun gear and extends through the upper shed, wherein the second adaptation joint Rotation cause the ring gear rotate, and then drive two or more planetary gears and the center sun rotation It is dynamic, so that the first adaptation joint is rotated with the multiple of the rotating speed of the second adaptation joint.

28. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the removable center sun gear is included in First end for engage described two or more than two planetary spline gears and the second end for receive cover First adaptation joint of cylinder.

29. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the removable center sun gear is included in First end for engaging two or more planetary spline gears and the sleeve at the second end.

30. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the second adaptation joint is adapted to hold Receive driving instrument.

31. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the second adaptation joint is configured to accommodate 1/4th, 1/2,3/4,1 driving instrument.

32. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint is configured to receive Sleeve.

33. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the first adaptation joint is configured to accommodate 1/4th, 1/2,3/4,1 drive socket.

34. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, also including set direction mechanism, its contact two One or more in individual or more than two planetary gears, the center sun gear and the ring gear.

35. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gears Including 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or more gears.

36. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, described two or more than two planetary gears Be shaped as it is circular or oval.

37. it is according to claim 27 multiplication adaptation joints, it is characterized in that, the multiple be 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5, 0.6th, 0.7,0.8,0.9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or bigger.

38. multiplication adaptation joints according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, the first drive housing is included in outside week The texture area for gripping for enclosing.