CN106784952A - A kind of method that utilization can expand the electricity production decontamination of continuous stream microbiological fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for electricity generation and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell. The pretreated water flows continuously into the anode chamber through the water inlet, and then flows through all the anode chambers. The organic matter in the water generates electrons and protons under the action of microorganisms. , the protons migrate to the anode chamber with the water flow in the flow channel between the anode chambers as the carrier, and rush into the cathode chamber through the small hole, so that the anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected inside the device, and the electrons flow through the external circuit channel at the bottom of the anode chamber The load reaches the cathode and enables the fuel cell device to generate electricity while purifying sewage. The invention can be infinitely expanded according to actual needs, and the cathode and anode materials and their installation forms can be changed according to requirements, so that sewage can be purified and electricity can be generated at the same time.

Description

A method for electricity generation and decontamination using scalable continuous flow microbial fuel cells

technical field

The invention relates to a method for electricity generation and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell.

Background technique

A microbial fuel cell is a device that uses microorganisms to directly convert chemical energy in organic matter into electrical energy. The basic working principle of microbial fuel cell is: in the anaerobic environment of the anode chamber, the organic matter is decomposed under the action of microorganisms and releases electrons and protons, and the electrons rely on suitable electron transfer mediators to effectively transfer between the biological components and the anode. And it is transmitted to the cathode through an external circuit to form a current, and the proton is transmitted to the cathode through an intermediate transfer material such as a proton exchange membrane, and the oxidant (usually oxygen) obtains electrons at the cathode and is reduced and combined with the proton to form water. Microbial fuel cells mostly adopt a double-chamber type, that is, including an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, which are often separated by a proton exchange membrane. Although at present, with the continuous improvement of the electrode and reactor configuration of microbial fuel cells, the energy density of its monomers is increasing rapidly, but there are still the following problems: the battery energy density is low; the types of waste water that can be used as substrates are relatively single; most of the batteries are intermittent. The structure of the electrode material is single, and the amount of microorganisms producing electricity is small, which is not conducive to energy production; the structure of the battery reactor device is complex and cannot be expanded; the battery packs cannot be connected in series and parallel according to the demand, which seriously limits its practical application. with application.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above disadvantages and provide a method for electricity generation and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for electricity generation and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell, comprising anode chambers and cathode chambers arranged alternately, electrodes of different materials can be installed in the anode chamber or cathode chamber, and the anode chambers The cathode chambers communicate with each other, at least one group of anode chambers communicates with the cathode chambers, filters are provided in the channels, and the side walls of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are respectively provided with water inlets and water outlets for input and The organic sewage is discharged. Conductive lines are installed at the bottom of each cathode and anode chamber, connecting each cathode and anode chamber with the external load, and the cathode chamber is connected with the outside air to promote the cathode reaction. Both the anode and cathode electrodes are conductive materials, and the electrodes are immersed in running water. The connecting wires outside the anode chamber are connected as a whole, forming a series connection circuit with the connecting wires outside the cathode chamber. The pretreated water flows into the anode chamber continuously through the water inlet, and then flows through all the anode chambers. The water flow in the flow channel between the anode chambers migrates to the anode chamber as a carrier, and flows into the cathode chamber through small holes, so that the anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected within the device, and the electrons flow through the load through the external circuit channel at the bottom of the anode chamber to reach the cathode , and make the fuel cell device generate electricity while treating sewage. The anode chambers and cathode chambers in the method are cubes of equal size, arranged alternately and combined to form a cuboid device, and the number of anode chambers is greater than or equal to the number of cathode chambers.

The invention also discloses a regular polygon expandable air cathode microbial fuel cell device, which includes a phase device casing, a device sealing cover, and an anode chamber and a cathode chamber arranged alternately. Electrodes of different materials are installed in the anode chamber or cathode chamber, and the anode chamber or The cathode chambers are connected through flow passages with filter screens, and baffles are arranged beside each flow passage, and each baffle can move up and down. The adjacent anode chamber and cathode chamber on the outside are connected through small holes with baffles. Each baffle can move up and down. The small holes can block the anolyte and catholyte by installing a proton exchange membrane. The opposite group is in the device The side walls of the anode chamber and cathode chamber adjacent to the outermost side are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet for inputting and discharging organic sewage. The device casing is equipped with conductive lines at the bottom of each cathode and anode chamber to connect each cathode and anode chamber with the outside. The load and the external wires outside the anode are connected as a whole, and connected in series with the external wires outside the cathode chamber to form an external circuit. The sealing cover of the device has a small hole above the cathode chamber, so that the cathode chamber communicates with the outside air and promotes the cathode reaction.

Both the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are regular polygonal prisms of equal size, and they are arranged alternately and combined to form a polygonal prism device. The device can adapt to different shapes of sites, and the number of anode chambers is greater than or equal to the number of cathode chambers. The anode chambers or cathode chambers are connected through flow channels with filter screens, and baffles are arranged beside each flow channel, and each baffle plate can move up and down, and the flow channels between the anode chambers and the flow channels between the cathode chambers are staggered up and down. At least one group of adjacent anode chambers and cathode chambers on the outermost side of the device are connected through small holes with baffles, each baffle can move up and down, and the small holes can block anolyte and catholyte by installing a proton exchange membrane. If both the side wall of the anode chamber and the base material of the bottom are insulating materials, the bottom layer is provided with a wire interface to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. If the material of the side wall of the anode chamber is insulating material, the upper layer of the bottom base material is conductive material, the lower layer is insulating material, and the wire interface runs through the upper and lower layers of the bottom to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. The bottom layer of the cathode chamber is provided with a wire interface to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. The anode and cathode electrodes are carbon-based materials such as carbon brushes, carbon cloth, carbon paper, and activated carbon particles, or conductive materials with good biocompatibility, or biological cathodes. The electrodes are immersed in running water, and the smallest unit of the electrode is the smallest The diameter is larger than the maximum diameter of the flow channel filter. The external lead wires outside the anode can be connected as a whole to form a series external circuit with the external lead wires outside the cathode. The battery device can also connect adjacent cathode and anode external wires to form a single battery pack, and multiple single battery packs can be connected in parallel to obtain the maximum external circuit current. The battery device can form a single battery pack by connecting adjacent cathode and anode external wires through an external circuit, and can freely connect multiple single battery packs in series and parallel to achieve different output effects. Organic sewage can be used as the base material for domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural waste.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Adopting the continuous flow working mode, the structure is simple, the base material does not need to be manually replaced, the internal resistance of the battery and the cost of manufacturing and maintenance are greatly reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency and energy density of the battery are improved; 2) Use various organic sewage such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural waste or livestock waste as the substrate to generate electricity while purifying sewage; 3) Use conductive materials or green plants with good biocompatibility as the substrate The electrode material is not only cheap, but also absorbs carbon dioxide and emits oxygen in the process of electricity generation, and promotes the cathode reaction while reducing pollution. It is a clean energy production device; 4) The size of the battery device can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements, so that the overall The shape adapts to the external environment, and can be expanded infinitely, with great practical application value; 5) The adjacent cathode and anode external wires can be connected to form a single battery pack, and multiple single battery packs can be freely connected in series and parallel to achieve different outputs. Effect.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of odd-numbered shells used in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an even-numbered shell used in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram that anode chamber and cathode chamber are regular triangular prisms in the invention;

Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram that anode chamber and cathode chamber are regular pentagonal prisms in the invention;

Labels in Figure 1: 1-anode chamber (a-h), 2-cathode chamber (a-h), 3-device shell, 4-flow channel between anode chambers, 5-flow channel between cathode chambers, 6-filters on both sides of the flow channel , 7-water inlet, 8-water outlet, 9-a group of through holes between cathode and anode chambers, 10-external line channel, 11-microbial fuel cell device sealing cover, 12-corresponding through hole above the cathode chamber on the sealing cover, 13 - baffles;

"+" in the figure represents the anode chamber, and "-" represents the cathode chamber.

detailed description:

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. the embodiment. Elements and features described in one embodiment of the present invention may be combined with elements and features shown in one or more other embodiments. It should be noted that representation and description of components and processes that are not related to the present invention and that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art are omitted from the description for the purpose of clarity. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The following will describe in detail the usage method of a method for electricity generation and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell in this embodiment.

[first embodiment]

An example of the housing of the microbial fuel cell device in this embodiment is shown in Figure 1, including an anode chamber 1 (a-e), a cathode chamber 2 (a-d), a device housing 3, a flow channel 4 between the anode chambers, and a flow channel 5 between the cathode chambers , filter screens 6 on both sides of the flow channel, water inlet 7, water outlet 8, a group of through holes 9 between the cathode and anode chambers and an external circuit channel 10.

Anode chambers 1 (a-e) or cathode chambers 2 (a-d) are cubes of equal size, arranged alternately and combined to form a 3×3 rectangular parallelepiped nine-square device housing 3, and the number of anode chambers is greater than the number of cathode chambers. The anode chambers 1 (a-e) are connected through the flow channel 4, and the cathode chambers 2 (a-d) are connected through the flow channel 5. The flow channel 4 between the anode chambers and the flow channel 5 between the cathode chambers are staggered up and down, and the flow channel between the anode chambers 4 and both sides of the flow channel between the cathode chambers 5 are provided with filter screens 6, wherein the anode chamber 1 (b) adjacent to the outermost side of the device communicates with the cathode chamber 2 (a) through a small hole 9, and the opposite A group of anode chamber 1(d) and cathode chamber 2(d) adjacent to the outermost side of the device are provided with water inlet 7 and water outlet 8 respectively, so that the battery device can run continuously. Both the side wall of the anode chamber and the base material of the bottom are insulating materials, and the bottom layer is provided with a wire interface 10 for connecting the anode electrode and the external circuit. Both the anode and cathode electrodes are carbon brushes, the construction material is the anode, and the electrodes are immersed in running water. The connecting wire outside the anode is connected as a whole, and forms a series connecting circuit with the connecting wire outside the cathode. The pretreated water flows continuously into the anode chamber 1 (d) through the water inlet 7, and then flows through all the anode chambers. The organic matter in the water generates electrons and protons under the catalysis of microorganisms, and the protons migrate to the The anode chamber 1 (b) flows into the cathode chamber 2 (a) through the small hole 9, so that the anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected within the device, and the electrons flow through the external circuit channel 10 at the bottom of the anode chamber to reach the cathode. And make the fuel cell device generate electricity while treating the sewage. The sealing cover of the device is provided with a through hole corresponding to the center of the cathode to connect the external oxygen to promote the cathode reaction.

From this embodiment, the structure of a 5×5 cuboid device casing, a 7×7 cuboid device casing, .

[Second Embodiment]

A plan view of an example of the housing of the microbial fuel cell device according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 , and the same components as those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

Anode chambers 1 (a-h) or cathode chambers 2 (a-h) are cubes of equal size, arranged alternately and combined to form a 4*4 cuboid device 3, the number of anode chambers is equal to the number of cathode chambers. The anode chambers 1 (a-h) are connected through the flow channel 4, and the cathode chambers 2 (a-h) are connected through the flow channel 5. The flow channel 4 between the anode chambers and the flow channel 5 between the cathode chambers are staggered up and down, and the flow channels 4 between the anode chambers and the Filter screens 6 are provided on both sides of the flow channel 5 between the cathode chambers, among which the anode chamber 1 (b) adjacent to the outermost side of the device communicates with the cathode chamber 2 (b) through a small hole 9 , and the opposite group The side walls of the anode chamber 1 (g) and cathode chamber 2 (g) adjacent to the outermost side of the device are respectively provided with a water inlet 7 and a water outlet 8, so that the battery device can run continuously. The material of the side wall of the anode chamber is insulating material, the upper layer of the base material of the bottom is conductive material, and the lower layer is insulating material. The wire interface 10 runs through the upper and lower layers of the bottom to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. The anode is activated carbon particles, the anode is constructed of materials, and the electrode is immersed in running water. The cathode electrode is a biological cathode, which can generate oxygen, promote the reaction in the cathode chamber, and realize self-sufficiency. The battery device connects adjacent cathode and anode external wires to form a single battery pack, that is, 1(a) and 2(a) form a group, 1(b) and 2(b) form a group, 1(c) and 2(c) form a single battery pack. ) as a group...and connect 8 single battery packs in a-h group in parallel to obtain the maximum external circuit current.

The operating flow of the device in this embodiment is similar to that in the first embodiment, and repeated descriptions will be omitted.

From this embodiment, the structures of 6×6 cuboid device casings, 8×8 cuboid device casings, . . .

[Third Embodiment]

A partial schematic diagram of an example of the microbial fuel cell device housing of the present embodiment is shown in Figure 3, including anode chambers of a plurality of regular triangular prisms, cathode chambers of regular triangular prisms, flow channels between anode chambers, flow channels between cathode chambers, and flow channels between the cathode chambers. Channel baffle and filter screen, water inlet, water outlet, a group of through holes between cathode and anode chambers.

Both the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are regular triangular prisms of equal size, and the two are arranged alternately, and the number of the anode chamber 1 is greater than that of the cathode chamber 2 . Electrodes of different materials are installed in the anode chamber 1 or the cathode chamber 2, and the anode chamber 1 or the cathode chamber 2 are connected through flow passages with filter screens 6, and baffles 13 are arranged beside each flow passage, and each baffle 13 can move up and down, The flow channels 4 between the anode chambers and the flow channels 5 between the cathode chambers are arranged staggered up and down, and one group of adjacent anode chambers 1 and cathode chambers 2 located at the outermost side of the device are communicated through a baffle plate 13 with a small hole. On the baffle plate 13 There is no proton exchange membrane in the small hole to block the anolyte and catholyte, and the side walls of the anode chamber 1 and cathode chamber 2 adjacent to the outermost side of the device are respectively provided with a water inlet 7 and a water outlet 8. It is used to input and discharge organic sewage, so that the battery device can run continuously. The sealing cover of the device has a small hole above the cathode chamber, so that the cathode chamber communicates with the outside air and promotes the cathode reaction. The side wall of the anode chamber and the base material of the bottom are all insulating materials, and the bottom layer is provided with a wire interface to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. Both the anode and cathode electrodes are carbon brushes, the construction material is the anode, and the electrodes are immersed in running water. All the external conductors outside the anode are connected as a whole, and form a series external circuit with the external conductors outside the cathode. The pretreatment water flow continuously flows into the anode chamber through the water inlet, and then flows through all the pole chambers. Push down the baffle to block all the passages between the anode chambers or the cathode chambers, so that the relevant reactions in each pole chamber can be self-catalyzed. After a period of time, the baffle is pulled up so that the sewage can circulate continuously and the bases of each electrode chamber can be renewed. The baffle with small holes connecting the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is also pushed down or pulled up with the above-mentioned stages, and the organic matter in the water generates electrons and protons under the catalysis of microorganisms, and the protons migrate to the anode with the water flow in the flow channel between the anode chambers as the carrier. chamber, and the protons rush into the cathode chamber by pulling up the baffle, so that the anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected inside the device, and the electrons flow through the external line channel at the bottom of the anode chamber to reach the cathode through the load, and make the fuel cell device in Generating electricity while treating sewage.

[Fourth Embodiment]

A plan view of an example of the housing of the microbial fuel cell device according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 , and the same components as those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

The anode chambers 1 and cathode chambers 2 are regular pentagonal prisms of equal size arranged alternately, and the number of anode chambers is equal to the number of cathode chambers. The anode chambers or cathode chambers are connected through flow passages with filter screens, and baffles 13 are arranged beside each flow passage, and each baffle 13 can move up and down, and the flow passages 4 between the anode chambers and the flow passages 5 between the cathode chambers are staggered up and down. Among them, multiple groups of anode chambers 1 and cathode chambers 2 are connected through baffle plates 13 with small holes, and each baffle plate 13 can move up and down. The small holes on the baffle plates are installed with proton exchange membranes to block the anolyte and catholyte. The opposite group of adjacent anode chamber and cathode chamber casing side walls on the outermost side of the device are respectively provided with water inlet 7 and water outlet 8 for input and discharge of organic sewage, so that the battery device can run continuously. The material of the side wall of the anode chamber is insulating material, the upper layer of the base material of the bottom is conductive material, and the lower layer is insulating material, and the wire interface runs through the upper and lower layers of the bottom to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. The anode is an anode of activated carbon particles, the electrode is immersed in running water, and the cathode electrode is a biological cathode, which can generate oxygen and promote the reaction in the cathode chamber to achieve self-sufficiency. The pretreated water flows continuously into the anode chamber through the water inlet, and then flows through all the anode chambers. The organic matter in the water generates electrons and protons under the catalysis of microorganisms. The membrane pours into the cathode chamber, so that the anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected inside the device, and the electrons flow through the external circuit channel at the bottom of the anode chamber through the load to reach the cathode, and make the fuel cell device generate electricity while treating sewage. The invention can form a single battery pack by connecting the external wires of adjacent cathodes and anodes, and can freely connect a plurality of single battery packs in series and parallel to achieve different output effects.

The invention has a simple structure and can be infinitely expanded according to actual needs. The cathode and anode materials and their installation forms can be changed according to requirements. The arbitrary connection of the external circuits between the cathode and anode chambers can be realized by using the flow channel baffle, so that the sewage can be purified. , while generating electricity.

Finally, it should be noted that although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail above, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims. transform. Moreover, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the procedures, devices, means, methods and steps described in the specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention that existing and future devices that perform substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same results as the corresponding embodiments described herein can be used in accordance with the present invention. The developed process, device, means, method or steps. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, means, means, methods or steps.

Claims (8)

1. A method for generating electricity and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell, characterized in that: the method is carried out based on an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell device, and the battery device includes anode chambers arranged alternately and the cathode chamber, electrodes of different materials can be installed in the anode chamber or the cathode chamber, the anode chambers communicate with each other, and the cathode chambers communicate with each other, wherein at least one group of anode chambers communicates with the cathode chamber, and the channels are all provided with There is a filter screen, and the side walls of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are respectively provided with water inlets and outlets, which are used to input and discharge organic sewage. Conductive lines are installed at the bottom of each cathode and anode chamber to connect each cathode and anode chamber with the external load, and the cathode The chamber communicates with the outside air to promote the cathode reaction. Both the anode and the cathode electrodes are conductive materials. The electrodes are immersed in running water. The water inlet continuously flows into the anode chamber, and then flows through all the anode chambers. The organic matter in the water generates electrons and protons under the catalysis of microorganisms. The protons migrate to the anode chamber with the water flow in the flow channel between the anode chambers as the carrier, and rush into the cathode chamber through small holes. The anode chamber group and the cathode chamber group are electrically connected inside the device, and the electrons flow through the external circuit channel at the bottom of the anode chamber through the load to reach the cathode, and the fuel cell device generates electric energy while treating sewage. 2. A method for generating electricity and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is based on an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell device, and the battery device It includes the device shell, the device sealing cover and the anode chamber and cathode chamber arranged alternately. The anode chambers or cathode chambers are connected through flow channels with filter screens. There are baffles beside each flow channel, and each baffle can move up and down. , the flow channels between the anode chambers and the flow channels between the cathode chambers are staggered up and down, and at least one group of adjacent anode chambers and cathode chambers located on the outermost side of the device are connected through baffles with small holes, and each baffle can move up and down. A proton exchange membrane is installed in the small hole on the baffle to block the anolyte and catholyte, and the side walls of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber shell which are adjacent to the outermost side of the device are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. For the input and discharge of organic sewage, the casing of the device is equipped with conductive lines at the bottom of each cathode and anode chamber, connecting each cathode and anode chamber with the external load, and the sealing cover of the device has a small hole above the cathode chamber to make the cathode chamber and the outside world The air is connected to promote the cathode reaction. 3. A method for generating electricity and decontaminating electricity using expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are all regular polygonal prisms of equal size, and the two are arranged alternately. Arranged and combined to form a polygonal prism device, the number of the anode chambers is greater than or equal to the number of the cathode chambers, and the regular polygon can be a regular triangle, a regular quadrilateral, or a regular pentagon. 4. A kind of method utilizing expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell to generate electricity and decontaminate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anode chamber side wall and bottom substrate material are all insulating materials, and the bottom layer is provided with wire interface , connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. 5. A method for generating electricity and decontamination using an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the side wall of the anode chamber is an insulating material, the upper layer of the bottom base material is a conductive material, and the lower layer It is an insulating material, and the wire interface runs through the upper and lower layers of the bottom to connect the anode electrode and the external circuit. 6. A kind of method that utilizes expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell to produce electricity and decontaminate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anode and cathode electrode are all conductive materials with better biocompatibility, so The conductive material can be carbon brushes, carbon cloth, carbon paper or activated carbon particles of carbon-based materials, or the cathode is a biocathode. caliber. 7. A method of utilizing an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell to generate electricity and decontaminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting wires outside the anode are connected as a whole, and are connected in series with the connecting wires outside the cathode External circuit. 8. A method for utilizing an expandable continuous flow microbial fuel cell to generate electricity and decontaminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery device can connect adjacent cathode and anode external wires through an external circuit to form a single battery group, and multiple single battery groups can be freely connected in series and parallel to achieve different output effects.